CN103971145A - Handheld IoT Terminal - Google Patents

The utility model provides a hand-held type thing networking terminal, includes power control module, system control module, peripheral hardware, RFID read and write module, bar code identification module, and RFID read and write module includes low frequency radio frequency unit, high frequency radio frequency unit and hyperfrequency radio frequency unit, power control module is used for controlling each functional module power, system control module is used for handling the data that the terminal was gathered. On the basis of the existing functions, the Internet of things terminal provided by the invention is additionally provided with the read-write function of supporting RFID labels with various protocols under various frequency bands, particularly supports the work of 125KHz, 13.56MHz, 915MHz and three frequencies, and overcomes the defect that the existing Internet of things terminal only can be used for a single specific label. Meanwhile, a two-dimensional bar code reading function is added, and the defect that the conventional handheld Internet of things terminal only supports an independent RFID function or an independent bar code scanning function is overcome. Meanwhile, low power consumption of the equipment is realized through the power management module.

手持式物联网终端Handheld IoT Terminal

技术领域 technical field

本发明属于物联网技术领域，尤其涉及一种手持式物联网终端。 The invention belongs to the technical field of the Internet of Things, and in particular relates to a handheld Internet of Things terminal.

背景技术 Background technique

物联网是新一代信息技术的重要组成部分。其英文名称是“The Internet of things”。由此，顾名思义，“物联网就是物物相连的互联网”。因此，物联网的定义是通过射频识别（RFID）、红外感应器、全球定位系统、激光扫描器等信息传感设备，按约定的协议，把任何物品与互联网相连接，进行信息交换和通信，以实现对物品的智能化识别、定位、跟踪、监控和管理的一种网络。 The Internet of Things is an important part of the new generation of information technology. Its English name is "The Internet of things". Therefore, as the name suggests, "the Internet of Things is the Internet of things connected". Therefore, the definition of the Internet of Things is to connect any item to the Internet for information exchange and communication through radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared sensors, global positioning systems, laser scanners and other information sensing devices according to agreed protocols. A network that realizes the intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management of items.

伴随着物联网的兴起，以及大规模集成电路、网络通信、信息安全技术的发展，射频识别技术（Radio Frequency Identification，RFID）在商业过程中的应用越来越广泛。RFID技术具有非接触式无线识别、可高速识别多个标签、无须人工干预、效率高速度快、操作快捷方便、环境适应性强优点，是物联网系统的核心技术。同时目前普遍商用的激光条码扫描技术，也是物联网系统信息采集部分最主要的技术之一。 With the rise of the Internet of Things, and the development of large-scale integrated circuits, network communications, and information security technologies, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is more and more widely used in business processes. RFID technology has the advantages of non-contact wireless identification, high-speed identification of multiple tags, no need for manual intervention, high efficiency and speed, quick and convenient operation, and strong environmental adaptability. It is the core technology of the Internet of Things system. At the same time, the commonly used laser barcode scanning technology is also one of the most important technologies in the information collection part of the Internet of Things system.

RFID基本单元包括标签、读写器和天线。在当前的物联网应用中，各频段标签的发展应用程度不同，高频段标签和超高频标签应用最为广泛，低频和微波频段的标签应用略少。高频段射频标签的工作频率一般为3MHz～30MHz。典型工作频率为：13.56MHz，采用电感耦合方式工作，典型应用包括：电子车票、电子身份证、电子闭锁防盗（电子遥控门锁控制器）等。高频相关的国际标准有：ISO14443、ISO15693、ISO18000-3（13.56MHz）等。超高频标签，其典型工作频率为：902~928MHz。超高频射频标签的典型应用包括：物流标签、RFID电子车牌、电子门票、门禁卡、小额支付存储卡、商品吊牌等，相关的国际标准有：ISO18000-6C和ISO18000-6B等。 The basic unit of RFID includes tags, readers and antennas. In the current Internet of Things applications, the development and application of tags in each frequency band are different. High-frequency band tags and UHF tags are the most widely used, and low-frequency and microwave band tags are slightly less used. The working frequency of high frequency radio frequency tags is generally 3MHz ~ 30MHz. The typical operating frequency is: 13.56MHz, and it works by inductive coupling. Typical applications include: electronic ticket, electronic ID card, electronic locking anti-theft (electronic remote control door lock controller), etc. International standards related to high frequency include: ISO14443, ISO15693, ISO18000-3 (13.56MHz), etc. UHF tags, the typical operating frequency is: 902~928MHz. Typical applications of UHF radio frequency tags include: logistics labels, RFID electronic license plates, electronic tickets, access control cards, micropayment memory cards, commodity tags, etc. The relevant international standards are: ISO18000-6C and ISO18000-6B, etc.

目前，RFID读写装置主要向小型便携化和高速大容量无漏识别两个方向发展。具有RFID功能的手持式物联网终端小型便携且能快速识别标签，具有广阔的市场应用前景。然而现有的具有RFID读写功能的手持式物联网终端，只支持在某个特定工作频段下对特定协议标签的读写及在此基础上的扩展应用，局限性比较大，应用范围小，不利于便携化读写器推广应用以及物联网技术及产业发展。 At present, RFID reading and writing devices are mainly developing in two directions: small and portable and high-speed and large-capacity seamless identification. The handheld IoT terminal with RFID function is small and portable and can quickly identify tags, so it has broad market application prospects. However, the existing handheld IoT terminals with RFID reading and writing functions only support the reading and writing of specific protocol tags in a specific working frequency band and the extended application on this basis, which has relatively large limitations and a small application range. It is not conducive to the promotion and application of portable readers and the development of Internet of Things technology and industry.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明为了解决背景技术中所涉及的技术问题，提供了一种手持式物联网终端。 In order to solve the technical problems involved in the background technology, the present invention provides a handheld Internet of Things terminal.

本发明的技术方案是：一种手持式物联网终端，包括电源控制模块、系统控制模块、外设装置、RFID读写模块、条码识别模块，RFID读写模块包括低频射频单元、高频射频单元和超高频射频单元，所述电源控制模块用于对各功能模块电源进行控制，所述系统控制模块用于对终端采集到的数据进行处理，所述外设装置包括显示屏和键盘，所述低频射频单元用于低频频段RFID协议电子标签的读写，所述高频射频单元用于高频频段RFID协议电子标签的读写，所述超高频射频单元用于超高频频段RFID协议电子标签的读写，所述条码识别模块用于采集一二维条码信息。 The technical solution of the present invention is: a handheld Internet of Things terminal, including a power supply control module, a system control module, a peripheral device, an RFID read-write module, and a barcode identification module, and the RFID read-write module includes a low-frequency radio frequency unit and a high-frequency radio frequency unit and an ultra-high frequency radio frequency unit, the power control module is used to control the power supply of each functional module, the system control module is used to process the data collected by the terminal, the peripheral device includes a display screen and a keyboard, and the The low-frequency radio frequency unit is used for reading and writing of RFID protocol electronic tags in the low-frequency band, the high-frequency radio frequency unit is used for reading and writing of electronic tags in the high-frequency band RFID protocol, and the ultra-high frequency radio unit is used for RFID protocol in the ultra-high frequency band For reading and writing of electronic tags, the barcode recognition module is used to collect a two-dimensional barcode information.

作为一种优选，所述高频射频单元所采用的RFID协议包括ISO/IEC 14443A、ISO/IEC 14443B、ISO/IEC 15693、MIFARE 1k/4k和Sony FeliCa。 As a preference, the RFID protocol adopted by the high frequency radio unit includes ISO/IEC 14443A, ISO/IEC 14443B, ISO/IEC 15693, MIFARE 1k/4k and Sony FeliCa.

作为一种优选，所述超高频射频单元所采用的RFID协议包括ISO18000-6B/6C和EPC C1G2。 As a preference, the RFID protocol adopted by the ultra-high frequency radio unit includes ISO18000-6B/6C and EPC C1G2.

作为一种优选，还包括与所述超高频射频单元相连接的超高频单极子微型天线，与所述高频射频单元相连接的是高频传输线圈天线，以及与所述射频单元相连接的低频传输线圈天线。 As a preference, it also includes an ultra-high frequency monopole miniature antenna connected to the ultra-high frequency radio frequency unit, connected to the high frequency radio frequency unit is a high frequency transmission coil antenna, and connected to the radio frequency unit connected to the low frequency transmission coil antenna.

作为一种优选，所述系统控制模块通过USB数据线与RFID读写模块实现通讯。 As a preference, the system control module communicates with the RFID read-write module through a USB data line.

作为一种优选，还包括一个电源开关，用于对所述低频射频单元、高频射频单元和超高频射频单元的供电进行切换。 As a preference, it also includes a power switch for switching the power supply of the low frequency radio frequency unit, the high frequency radio frequency unit and the ultra high frequency radio frequency unit.

作为一种优选，所述系统控制模块通过GPIO和UART数据线与一二维条码模块进行通讯。 As a preference, the system control module communicates with a two-dimensional barcode module through GPIO and UART data lines.

作为一种优选，所述低频射频单元的频段为125KHz，所述高频射频单元的频段为13.56MHz，所述超高频射频单元的频段为915MHz。 As a preference, the frequency band of the low frequency radio frequency unit is 125KHz, the frequency band of the high frequency radio frequency unit is 13.56MHz, and the frequency band of the ultra high frequency radio frequency unit is 915MHz.

综上所述，本发明具有以下优点： In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

本发明的物联网终端在现有功能的基础上，增加了支持多种频段下对多种协议RFID标签的读写功能，具体支持125KHz、13.56MHz、915MHz和三个频率工作，改善了现有的物联网终端只能对单一特定标签的缺点。同时还增加了一二维条码识读功能，改善了现有的手持式物联网终端只支持单独的RFID功能或单独条码扫描功能的缺点。同时通过电源管理模块实现了设备的低功耗。 On the basis of the existing functions, the Internet of Things terminal of the present invention adds the function of reading and writing RFID tags of various protocols under various frequency bands, and specifically supports 125KHz, 13.56MHz, 915MHz and three frequency operations, which improves the existing The IoT terminal can only have the disadvantage of a single specific tag. At the same time, a one-dimensional barcode reading function is added, which improves the shortcomings of existing handheld IoT terminals that only support a separate RFID function or a separate barcode scanning function. At the same time, the low power consumption of the device is realized through the power management module.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本实施例的手持式物联网终端整体结构框图； Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the handheld Internet of Things terminal of the present embodiment;

图2为本实施例的条码识别模块与系统控制模块连接设计图； Fig. 2 is the connection design diagram of the barcode recognition module and the system control module of the present embodiment;

图3为本实施例的低频射频单元结构图； Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of the low-frequency radio frequency unit of the present embodiment;

图4为本实施例高频射频单元电路结构图； Fig. 4 is the circuit structure diagram of the high-frequency radio frequency unit of the present embodiment;

图5为本实施例超高频射频单元电路结构框图。 Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the circuit structure of the ultra-high frequency radio frequency unit in this embodiment.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合附图以实施例对本发明作进一步说明。 The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

本实施例的手持式物联网终端结构如图1所示，包括电源控制模块、系统控制模块、RFID读写模块和条码识别模块，RFID读写模块包括低频125KHz射频单元、高频13.56MHz射频单元、超高频915MHz射频单元，其中，电源控制模块对各功能模块电源进行控制，实现手持式终端的低功耗高效率工作；系统控制模块用于对RFID射频信息及条码扫描信息的处理，控制和协调RFID读写模块及条码扫描模块工作；低频125KHz频段采用低频频段RFID协议电子标签的读写；高频13.56MHz射频单元用于高频频段RFID协议电子标签的读写；超高频915MHz射频单元用于超高频频段RFID协议电子标签的读写；条码模块支持识读市场上所有主流一维和二维条码。 The structure of the handheld Internet of Things terminal in this embodiment is shown in Figure 1, including a power supply control module, a system control module, an RFID read-write module and a barcode identification module. The RFID read-write module includes a low-frequency 125KHz radio frequency unit and a high-frequency 13.56MHz radio frequency unit , UHF 915MHz radio frequency unit, wherein, the power control module controls the power supply of each functional module to realize the low power consumption and high efficiency work of the handheld terminal; the system control module is used to process and control RFID radio frequency information and barcode scanning information And coordinate the work of the RFID reading and writing module and the barcode scanning module; the low frequency 125KHz frequency band uses the low frequency band RFID protocol electronic label to read and write; the high frequency 13.56MHz radio frequency unit is used for the high frequency band RFID protocol electronic label reading and writing; the ultra high frequency 915MHz radio frequency The unit is used to read and write UHF frequency band RFID protocol electronic tags; the barcode module supports reading all mainstream one-dimensional and two-dimensional barcodes on the market.

这里还包括用于给各个模块供电的电源管理模块，由于手持式终端能源有限，所以低功耗要求非常高。电源管理模块给各功能模块进行供电时，条码识读模块使用5V电源；RFID读写模块工作输入电压要求均为3.3V，电源模块输出5V电压经过低压差线性稳压器LDO转化为3.3V电压。电源输入端通过开关三极管与各RFID读写器模块及条码模块相连，开关三极管另一端接处理器GPIO口，由系统通过GPIO控制读写器模块电源的通断。从而有效去除了各功能模块在非工作状态时的静态功耗。 It also includes a power management module for supplying power to each module. Due to the limited energy of the handheld terminal, the requirement for low power consumption is very high. When the power management module supplies power to each functional module, the barcode reading module uses a 5V power supply; the working input voltage of the RFID reading and writing module is required to be 3.3V, and the output voltage of the power module is 5V through the low-dropout linear regulator LDO and converted to 3.3V voltage . The power input end is connected to each RFID reader module and barcode module through a switch transistor, and the other end of the switch transistor is connected to the GPIO port of the processor, and the system controls the power on and off of the reader module through the GPIO. Therefore, the static power consumption of each functional module in a non-working state is effectively removed.

系统控制模块用于对各功能模块工作的控制和协调，对采集的数据信息进行存储、传输等处理，对外设如键盘、触摸屏、音频设备等的控制和处理。 The system control module is used to control and coordinate the work of each functional module, store and transmit the collected data information, and control and process peripherals such as keyboards, touch screens, and audio equipment.

条码是被模块采用Symbol公司的型号为SE-4500的一二维条码识别引擎。在条码模块工作时，首先处理器通过GPIO控制模块上电，并完成模块初始化操作，然后通过GPIO向模块发出扫描触发信号，并通过UART1接收由条码识别引擎传回来的扫描到的条码信息，由系统控制模块负责对扫描到的信息进行存储、显示及传输等。条码模块与系统控制模块的连接如图2。 The bar code is a one-dimensional bar code recognition engine of the model SE-4500 of Symbol Company used by the module. When the barcode module is working, firstly, the processor controls the module to be powered on through GPIO, and completes the module initialization operation, then sends a scanning trigger signal to the module through GPIO, and receives the scanned barcode information sent back by the barcode recognition engine through UART1. The system control module is responsible for storing, displaying and transmitting the scanned information. The connection between the bar code module and the system control module is shown in Figure 2.

LF RFID模块主要由天线和射频前端芯片EM4095构成，EM4095驱动天线并从天线上获取标签反射的信号，经过放大滤波，AM解调，数字解调后将标签信息的曼彻斯特编码发送给控制部分。EM4095外围基本电路设计，如图3所示。 The LF RFID module is mainly composed of antenna and RF front-end chip EM4095. EM4095 drives the antenna and obtains the signal reflected by the tag from the antenna. After amplification and filtering, AM demodulation, the Manchester code of the tag information is sent to the control part after digital demodulation. EM4095 peripheral basic circuit design, as shown in Figure 3.

采用双天线（键盘天线和顶端天线），天线的选择我们在PCB板上通过跳线来选择，当开关里的1和3，2和4相连，选择的是键盘天线；3和5，4和6相连的，选择的是顶端天线。我们可以通过调整电容c13、c14、c15（键盘天线）或c13_2、c14_2、c15_2来调整谐振频率使其达到125KHz。 Dual antennas (keyboard antenna and top antenna) are used. The antenna selection is selected by jumpers on the PCB board. When 1 and 3, 2 and 4 in the switch are connected, the keyboard antenna is selected; 3 and 5, 4 and 6 connected, choose the top antenna. We can adjust the resonant frequency to 125KHz by adjusting capacitors c13, c14, c15 (keyboard antenna) or c13_2, c14_2, c15_2.

HF RFID模块工作在13.56MHz频段同时兼容三种高频协议。由于不同的协议具有不同的调制与编码方式，所以原理上多标准的支持是由硬件决定的，通过软件配置硬件寄存器实现在不同协议标准之间的切换。高频芯片采用CL RC632，其平均工作电流在10ｍA，工作电压3.3V-5.5V。采用四线SPI接口作为处理器与CL RC632之间的数据与控制接口，节约IO接口资源以支持其它更多功能。 The HF RFID module works in the 13.56MHz frequency band and is compatible with three high-frequency protocols. Because different protocols have different modulation and coding methods, in principle, the support of multiple standards is determined by hardware, and the switching between different protocol standards is realized by configuring hardware registers through software. The high-frequency chip adopts CL RC632, its average working current is 10mA, working voltage is 3.3V-5.5V. The four-wire SPI interface is used as the data and control interface between the processor and CL RC632, saving IO interface resources to support other more functions.

如图4所示，RST_HF是芯片CL RC632的复位信号，高电平有效，为使射频芯片能够正常工作，处理器保证此引脚低电平；HF_SW COMS开关管FDN304P用于控制芯片的供电；SCLK、NSS、MOSI、MISO组成四线SPI通信方式，作为数据和命令的传输通道。 As shown in Figure 4, RST_HF is the reset signal of the chip CL RC632, and the high level is valid. In order to make the RF chip work normally, the processor ensures that the pin is low; the HF_SW COMS switch tube FDN304P is used to control the power supply of the chip; SCLK, NSS, MOSI, and MISO form a four-wire SPI communication mode as a transmission channel for data and commands.

如图5所示，超高频 RFID 收发模块主要包括射频前端与数字基带。射频前端电路以射频收发芯片 Indy R1000 为核心，其外围电路主要包括 24MHz TCXO、PLL 环路滤波器、DRM 滤波器、射频发射与接收通路以及本振输入。数字基带电路主要以AT91SAM7S256 芯片为核心，其外围电路主要包括 18.432MHz 无源晶振、PLL 滤波器、JTAG 接口以及 ADC/DAC 参考电平电路组成。另外根据读写器的性能指标要求有四个 50 欧姆的 SMA 天线接口能够分时工作，因此需要数字基带电路能提供控制信号给射频天线切换开关，实现收发天线的选择。 As shown in Figure 5, the UHF RFID transceiver module mainly includes a radio frequency front end and a digital baseband. The RF front-end circuit takes the RF transceiver chip Indy R1000 as the core, and its peripheral circuits mainly include 24MHz TCXO, PLL loop filter, DRM filter, RF transmit and receive channels, and local oscillator input. The digital baseband circuit is mainly based on the AT91SAM7S256 chip, and its peripheral circuits mainly include 18.432MHz passive crystal oscillator, PLL filter, JTAG interface and ADC/DAC reference level circuit. In addition, according to the performance index of the reader, four 50-ohm SMA antenna interfaces are required to work in time-sharing, so the digital baseband circuit is required to provide control signals to the RF antenna switch to realize the selection of the transceiver antenna.

以上说明仅仅是对本发明的解释，使得本领域普通技术人员能完整的实施本方案，但并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，这些都是不具有创造性的修改。但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。 The above description is only an explanation of the present invention, so that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement the scheme completely, but it is not a limitation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make non-inventive changes to this embodiment as needed after reading this description. Contributed modifications, these are non-inventive modifications. But as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present invention, it is protected by the patent law.