CN105042511A - Method for forming free-form surfaces of optical lenses of LED motorcycle headlamp - Google Patents
- ️Wed Nov 11 2015
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- CN105042511A CN105042511A CN201510502337.7A CN201510502337A CN105042511A CN 105042511 A CN105042511 A CN 105042511A CN 201510502337 A CN201510502337 A CN 201510502337A CN 105042511 A CN105042511 A CN 105042511A Authority
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
- F21V5/046—Refractors for light sources of lens shape the lens having a rotationally symmetrical shape about an axis for transmitting light in a direction mainly perpendicular to this axis, e.g. ring or annular lens with light source disposed inside the ring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
- F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
- F21W2107/13—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles for cycles
- F21W2107/17—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles for cycles for motorcycles
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于LED摩托车前照灯用光学透镜自由曲面的形成方法，包括同一所述前照灯里的远光灯用光学透镜的多段式自由曲面的形成方法和近光灯用光学透镜的多段式自由曲面的形成方法，所述光学透镜为类平凸透镜，光学透镜的平面为光入射面、其多段式自由曲面为光出射面，光学透镜处于光反射器的前面，本发明通过采用以照明面中心点为中心的椭圆形区域和半圆形区域进行多环带划分，分别计算出某一环带所对应的光学透镜的多段式自由曲面上对应的一段自由曲线，然后将得出的各段自由曲线组合，然后由所得到的组合多段式自由曲线得出自由曲面模型的方法，解决了现有摩托车透镜照明技术存在透镜厚度过高及光学效率过低的缺陷，简便可靠、成熟可行。
The invention discloses a method for forming a free-form surface of an optical lens used in an LED motorcycle headlight, including a method for forming a multi-segment free-form surface of an optical lens for a high beam in the same headlight and a low beam A method for forming a multi-segment free-form surface of an optical lens, the optical lens is a plano-convex lens, the plane of the optical lens is the light incident surface, the multi-segment free-form surface is the light exit surface, and the optical lens is in front of the light reflector. The invention uses the elliptical area and the semicircular area centered on the center point of the illumination surface to divide the multi-annular zone, respectively calculates a section of free curve corresponding to a certain annulus on the multi-segment free-form surface of the optical lens, and then The method of combining the obtained free curves and then obtaining the free surface model from the obtained combined multi-segment free curves solves the defects of excessive lens thickness and low optical efficiency in the existing motorcycle lens lighting technology, Simple, reliable, mature and feasible.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及LED摩托车灯照明技术领域，特别涉及一种用于LED摩托车前照灯用光学透镜自由曲面的形成方法。 The invention relates to the technical field of LED motorcycle lamp lighting, in particular to a method for forming a free-form surface of an optical lens used in an LED motorcycle headlamp.
背景技术 Background technique
随着科学技术的不断发展和整车配置需求，车灯照明行业内对GB5948-1998《摩托车白炽丝光源前照灯配光性能》要求予以修订的呼声强烈。经过专家组的讨论决定，将制定强制性国家标准，标准名称暂定为“发射对称近光和/或远光的机动车前照灯配光性能”，标准批准发布后，将设置实施过渡期，并逐步替代现行的摩托车前照灯标准GB5948-1998《摩托车白炽丝光源前照灯配光性能》。 With the continuous development of science and technology and the demand for complete vehicle configuration, there is a strong call in the automotive lighting industry to revise the requirements of GB5948-1998 "Light Distribution Performance of Motorcycle Incandescent Filament Light Source Headlamps". After the discussion and decision of the expert group, a mandatory national standard will be formulated. The name of the standard is tentatively designated as "light distribution performance of motor vehicle headlights emitting symmetrical low beam and/or high beam". After the standard is approved and issued, a transition period for implementation will be set , and gradually replace the current motorcycle headlight standard GB5948-1998 "light distribution performance of motorcycle incandescent filament light source headlights".
摩托车前照灯新国家标准中的光型及照度要求不同于GB5948-1998，新国家标准的即将发布意味着依据GB5948-1998设计的摩托车前照灯将会被淘汰，其使用的光学设计也不再适用于新的国家标准。尤其对于使用LED光源的摩托车前照灯，由于LED芯片的发光模型近似为余弦辐射体，光学特性不同于传统摩托车的白炽丝光源，使LED光源应用于摩托车前照灯时要面临更加复杂的光学设计问题。而现有的摩托车透镜前照灯存在厚度过高或者光学效率不高的问题。 The light type and illuminance requirements in the new national standard for motorcycle headlights are different from GB5948-1998. The upcoming release of the new national standard means that motorcycle headlights designed according to GB5948-1998 will be eliminated. The optical design used It is also no longer applicable to the new national standard. Especially for motorcycle headlights using LED light sources, since the luminous model of the LED chip is approximately a cosine radiator, the optical characteristics are different from the incandescent filament light sources of traditional motorcycles, so that the application of LED light sources to motorcycle headlights will face more serious problems. Complex optical design issues. However, existing motorcycle lens headlamps have the problems of excessive thickness or low optical efficiency.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明针对上述存在的问题，提供了摩托车用的LED前照灯，该LED摩托车前照灯包括远光灯和近光灯，能满足新的国家标准对摩托车用LED前照灯的配光要求，解决了使用LED光源的光学设计问题。 The present invention aims at the problems mentioned above, and provides LED headlights for motorcycles. The light distribution requirements solve the optical design problem of using LED light source.
本发明采用如下技术方案： The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
用于LED摩托车前照灯用光学透镜自由曲面的形成方法，包括同一所述前照灯里的远光灯用光学透镜的多段式自由曲面的形成方法和近光灯用光学透镜的多段式自由曲面的形成方法，所述光学透镜为类平凸透镜，光学透镜的平面为光入射面、其多段式自由曲面为光出射面，光学透镜处于光反射器的前面， A method for forming a free-form surface of an optical lens for an LED motorcycle headlight, including a method for forming a multi-stage free-form surface of an optical lens for a high-beam light in the headlight and a method for forming a multi-stage free-form surface for an optical lens for a low-beam light The forming method of the free-form surface, the optical lens is a plano-convex lens, the plane of the optical lens is the light incident surface, and its multi-segment free-form surface is the light exit surface, and the optical lens is in front of the light reflector,
所述远光灯用光学透镜的多段式自由曲面的形成方法为：将光学透镜的平面与LED芯片发光面平行设置，以LED芯片发光面的中心点为坐标原点O1建立直角坐标系，LED芯片发光面所在平面为X1O1Y1平面,过原点O1并与X1O1Y1平面垂直的轴为Z1轴，其中X1O1Y1平面为水平面，在坐标原点O1前方距离25米处、与Z1轴交点为o1且平行于X1O1Y1平面的平面设为照明面，点o1为照明面中心，将照明面上的照明区域设定为以照明面中心点o1为中心的椭圆形区域，然后对该椭圆形区域进行多环带划分，然后将各环带进行网格划分，运用能量守恒定律建立环带能量对应立体角能量关系，然后将光源立体角按照明要求进行相等数量的多份划分，之后计算任一段自由曲线时先设定初始点，然后运用折射定律通过迭代数值计算得出该段曲线，然后通过简单的线段连接各段曲线形成一条多段式自由曲线，然后由得出的这些多段式自由曲线绕Z1轴旋转360°组成自由曲面模型； The forming method of the multi-segment free-form surface of the optical lens for the high beam is: the plane of the optical lens is arranged parallel to the light-emitting surface of the LED chip, and the center point of the light-emitting surface of the LED chip is the coordinate origin O 1 to establish a rectangular coordinate system. The plane where the light-emitting surface of the chip is located is the X 1 O 1 Y 1 plane, and the axis passing through the origin O 1 and perpendicular to the X 1 O 1 Y 1 plane is the Z 1 axis, where the X 1 O 1 Y 1 plane is a horizontal plane, at the origin of coordinates O 1 The plane at a distance of 25 meters in front, the intersection with the Z 1 axis at o 1 and parallel to the X 1 O 1 Y 1 plane is set as the lighting surface, and the point o 1 is the center of the lighting surface, and the lighting area on the lighting surface is set as The elliptical area centered on the center point o 1 of the lighting surface, and then the elliptical area is divided into multiple rings, and then each ring is meshed, and the energy conservation law is used to establish the relationship between the energy of the rings and the energy of the solid angle. Then divide the solid angle of the light source into multiple equal parts according to the clear requirements, and then set the initial point when calculating any free curve, and then use the law of refraction to obtain the curve through iterative numerical calculation, and then connect each part through simple line segments Segment curves form a multi-segment free curve, and then these multi-segment free curves are rotated 360° around the Z 1 axis to form a free-form surface model;
所述近光灯用光学透镜的多段式自由曲面的形成方法为：将光学透镜的平面与LED芯片发光面垂直设置，光反射器采用部分椭球面形的光反射器，以光反射器的外侧焦点为坐标原点O2建立直角坐标系，以过点O2并平行于光学透镜的平面平行的平面为X2O2Y2平面，过原点O2并与X2O2Y2平面垂直的轴为Z2轴，其中X2O2Y2平面为水平面，在坐标原点O2前方距离25米处、与Z2轴交点为o2且平行于X2O2Y2平面的平面设为照明面，点o2为照明面的中心点，把照明区域设为以照明面的中心点o2为圆心的半圆形区域，对该半圆形区域进行多环带划分，运用能量守恒定律建立环带能量对应立体角能量关系，然后将光源立体角按照明要求进行相等数量的多份划分，计算任一段自由曲线时先设定初始点，然后运用折射定律通过迭代数值计算得出该段曲线，然后通过简单的线段连接各段曲线形成一条多段式自由曲线，然后由得出的这些多段式自由曲线绕Z2轴旋转360°组成自由曲面模型。 The method for forming the multi-segment free-form surface of the optical lens for low beam is as follows: the plane of the optical lens is perpendicular to the light-emitting surface of the LED chip, and the light reflector adopts a partially ellipsoidal light reflector. The focal point is the coordinate origin O 2 to establish a rectangular coordinate system, and the plane passing through the point O 2 and parallel to the plane of the optical lens is the X 2 O 2 Y 2 plane, passing through the origin O 2 and perpendicular to the X 2 O 2 Y 2 plane The axis is the Z 2 axis, where the X 2 O 2 Y 2 plane is a horizontal plane, and the plane at a distance of 25 meters in front of the coordinate origin O 2 and the intersection point with the Z 2 axis is o 2 and parallel to the X 2 O 2 Y 2 plane is set to On the lighting surface, the point o 2 is the center point of the lighting surface, and the lighting area is set as a semicircular area with the center point o 2 of the lighting surface as the center, and the semicircular area is divided into multiple rings, and the law of energy conservation is used Establish the relationship between the energy of the ring and the energy of the solid angle, and then divide the solid angle of the light source into equal parts according to the requirements of the specification. When calculating any free curve, first set the initial point, and then use the law of refraction to calculate the section through iterative numerical calculations. Curves, and then connect each segment of curves through simple line segments to form a multi-segment free curve, and then rotate 360° around the Z 2 axis to form a free-form surface model from these multi-segment free curves.
进一步地，所述对该椭圆形区域进行多环带划分的步骤具体包括：按椭圆区域的长半轴a分成n份，然后将短半轴b按长半轴划分的相同比例分成n份，以aj，bj表示划分后长轴a的第j份，然后以照明面中心点o1为中心，分别以a1+a2+...+aj-1,b1+b2+...+bj-1为长短轴做椭圆，然后以a1+a2+...+aj,b1+b2+...+bj为长短轴作椭圆，两椭圆中心区域为该环带区域。 Further, the step of dividing the elliptical area into multiple rings specifically includes: dividing the semi-major axis a of the ellipse into n parts, and then dividing the semi-minor axis b into n parts according to the same ratio as the semi-major axis, Use a j , b j to represent the jth part of the long axis a after division, and then take the center point o 1 of the illuminated surface as the center, respectively a 1 +a 2 +...+a j-1 ,b 1 +b 2 +...+b j-1 as the long and short axis to make an ellipse, then take a 1 +a 2 +...+a j ,b 1 +b 2 +...+b j as the long and short axis to make an ellipse, two ellipses The central area is the ring area.
进一步地，所述将各环带区域进行网格划分的步骤具体包括：首先把某一环带区域的长半轴a和短半轴b分别等分为n份，以a1和bi表示等分后长半轴a的第i份和短半轴的第i份，以照明面中心点o1为中心，将环带区域划等分成m份椭圆形环带区域，然后将环带上任意一点和点o1的连线与x轴的夹角α等分成m份，以αj表示等分后α的第j份，以点o1为端点，与x轴的夹角为αj的射线束将每一份椭圆形环带区域再细分为m份，这样将环带区域划分从mxn个小格子。 Further, the step of grid-dividing each annular region specifically includes: firstly, dividing the semi-major axis a and the semi-minor axis b of a certain annular region into n equal parts, denoted by a 1 and b i After equalizing the i-th part of the major semi-axis a and the i-th part of the minor semi-axis, take the center point o 1 of the lighting surface as the center, divide the ring area into m parts of the elliptical ring area, and then divide the ring area The angle α between any point and point o 1 and the x-axis is equally divided into m parts, and α j is used to represent the jth part of α after equal division, with point o 1 as the endpoint, and the angle between the line and the x-axis is α j The ray beam subdivides each elliptical ring area into m parts, so that the ring area is divided into mxn small grids.
进一步地，所述对该半圆形区域进行多环带划分的步骤具体包括：首先把半圆形区域的圆半径r等分成n份，以rj表示等分后半径的第j份，然后以照明面中心点o2为圆心，分别以r1+r+...+rj-1和r1+r+...+rj为半径画圆，将该半圆形区域划分为半圆形环带区域。 Further, the step of dividing the semicircular area into multiple rings specifically includes: first dividing the radius r of the semicircular area into n equal parts, using r j to represent the jth part of the radius after equal division, and then Take the center point o 2 of the lighting surface as the center, draw a circle with r 1 +r+...+r j-1 and r 1 +r+...+r j as the radius respectively, and divide the semicircular area into semicircles ring zone.
进一步地，所述运用能量守恒定律建立环带能量对应立体角能量关系，然后将光源立体角按照明要求进行相等数量的多份划分的步骤具体包括：把出射光线L1与Z1轴正方向的夹角Φ分成n份，有Φj表示Φ的第j份,Φj与所述环带划分的aj和bj一一对应，Φj-1与Φj夹角的光通量等于aj-1、bj-1与aj、bj表示环带的能量，把出射光线L1在X1O1Y1平面上的投影与X1轴的夹角θ分成m份，用θj表示θ的第j份，θj与所述网格划分的αj一一对应，将Φj和θj带入光通量公式，再将每一角度内光通量等于每一小网格区域的能量，算出对应的Φj和θj数值。 Further, the step of using the law of energy conservation to establish the energy relationship of the ring energy corresponding to the solid angle, and then dividing the solid angle of the light source into equal numbers of multiple parts according to the requirements specifically includes: dividing the outgoing light L1 and the positive direction of the Z1 axis The included angle Φ is divided into n parts, Φ j represents the jth part of Φ, Φ j corresponds to a j and b j divided by the ring zone, and the luminous flux of the included angle between Φ j-1 and Φ j is equal to a j -1 , b j-1 and a j , b j represent the energy of the ring zone, divide the angle θ between the projection of the outgoing light L 1 on the X 1 O 1 Y 1 plane and the X 1 axis into m parts, and use θ j Indicates the jth part of θ, θ j corresponds to the α j of the grid division, and Φ j and θ j are brought into the luminous flux formula, and then the luminous flux in each angle is equal to the energy of each small grid area, Calculate the corresponding Φ j and θ j values.
进一步地，所述运用能量守恒定律建立环带能量对应立体角能量关系，然后将光源立体角按照明要求进行相等数量的多份划分的步骤具体包括：把出射光线L2与Z2轴正方向的夹角Φ′分成n份，用Φ′j表示Φ′的第j份，Φ′j与所述环带划分的rj一一对应，Φj-1与Φj夹角的光通量等于rj-1与rj表示环带的能量.将Φ′j带入光通量公式，再将每一角度内光通量等于所述每一份圆形环带区域的能量，算出对应的Φ′j数值。 Further, the step of using the law of energy conservation to establish the energy relationship of the ring energy corresponding to the solid angle, and then dividing the solid angle of the light source into equal numbers of multiple parts according to the requirements specifically includes : dividing the outgoing light L2 and the positive direction of the Z2 axis The included angle Φ′ is divided into n parts, and Φ′ j is used to represent the jth part of Φ′, Φ′ j corresponds to the r j divided by the ring zone one by one, and the luminous flux of the included angle between Φ j-1 and Φ j is equal to r j-1 and r j represent the energy of the annular zone. Bring Φ′ j into the luminous flux formula, and then the luminous flux in each angle is equal to the energy of each circular annular zone area, and calculate the corresponding Φ′ j value.
进一步地，所述计算任一段自由曲线时先设定初始点，然后运用折射定律通过迭代数值计算得出该段曲线，然后通过简单的线段连接各段曲线形成一条多段式自由曲线，然后由得出的这些多段式自由曲线组成自由曲面模型的步骤具体包括：先分别设各线段初始点夹角Φ为0′、Φ1、Φ2...Φn，然后分别设定远光灯用光学透镜的平面与LED芯片发光面之间的距离，即确定了光入射面的位置，然后再根据这个距离选取合适的透镜厚度h，确定这个值为每段曲线的距离底面的初始距离，根据迭代便可分别进行计算得到各段曲线，最后用简单的线段填充分裂部分即可得出多段式自由曲线。 Further, when calculating any section of free curve, first set the initial point, then use the law of refraction to obtain the section of curve through iterative numerical calculation, and then connect each section of curve through simple line segments to form a multi-section free curve, and then obtain The steps of these multi-segment free curves to form a free-form surface model specifically include: first set the angles Φ between the initial points of each line segment as 0′, Φ 1 , Φ 2 ... Φ n , and then set the optical The distance between the plane of the lens and the light-emitting surface of the LED chip determines the position of the light incident surface, and then selects the appropriate lens thickness h according to this distance, and determines this value as the initial distance from the bottom surface of each curve, according to the iterative Each section of the curve can be calculated separately, and finally the split part can be filled with simple line segments to obtain a multi-section free curve.
进一步地，所述计算任一段自由曲线时先设定初始点，然后运用折射定律通过迭代数值计算得出该段曲线，然后通过简单的线段连接各段曲线形成一条多段式自由曲线，然后由得出的这些多段式自由曲线组成自由曲面模型的步骤具体包括：先分别设各线段初始点夹角Φ为0′、Φ′1、Φ′2...Φ′n，然后设定近光灯用光学透镜的平面与LED芯片发光面之间的距离，即确定了光入射面的位置，然后再根据这个距离选取合适的透镜厚度h，确定这个值为每段曲线的距离底面的初始距离，根据迭代便可分别进行计算得到各段曲线，最后用简单的线段填充分裂部分即可得出多段式自由曲线。 Further, when calculating any section of free curve, first set the initial point, then use the law of refraction to obtain the section of curve through iterative numerical calculation, and then connect each section of curve through simple line segments to form a multi-section free curve, and then obtain The steps of these multi-segment free curves to form a free-form surface model include: firstly set the angles Φ between the initial points of each line segment to be 0′, Φ′ 1 , Φ′ 2 ... Φ′ n , and then set the dipped beam Use the distance between the plane of the optical lens and the light-emitting surface of the LED chip to determine the position of the light incident surface, and then select the appropriate lens thickness h according to this distance, and determine this value as the initial distance from the bottom surface of each curve, According to the iteration, each segment of the curve can be calculated separately, and finally the split part can be filled with simple line segments to obtain a multi-segment free curve.
相比现有技术，本发明所提供的技术方案适用于使用LED光源的摩托车前照灯新国家标准，克服了当前LED光源应用于摩托车前照灯时要面临更加复杂光学设计的问题、解决了现有的摩托车透镜前照灯存在厚度过高或者光学效率不高的缺陷、简便可靠、成熟可行。 Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention is applicable to the new national standard for motorcycle headlights using LED light sources, and overcomes the problem of more complex optical design when LED light sources are used in motorcycle headlights. The invention solves the defects of excessive thickness or low optical efficiency in existing motorcycle lens headlights, and is simple, reliable, mature and feasible.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例的远光灯用光学透镜主视示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of an optical lens for high beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2是图1中A-A向剖视示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along A-A in Fig. 1 .
图3是本发明实施例的近光灯用光学透镜主视示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of an optical lens for low beam headlights according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图4是图3中B-B向剖视示意图。 Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view along B-B in Fig. 3 .
图5是本发明实施例的远光灯与照明面之间关系的示意图。 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the high beam and the lighting surface according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图6是本发明实施例的近光灯与照明面之间关系的示意图。 Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the low beam headlight and the lighting surface according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图7是本发明实施例的远光灯出射光线关系的示意图。 Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the emitted light rays of the high beam according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图8是本发明实施例的远光灯出射光线关系的示意图。 Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the emitted light rays of the high beam lamp according to the embodiment of the present invention.
图中：1-远光灯用光学透镜；11-平面；12-多段式自由曲面；13-LED芯片；14-照明面；15-椭圆形区域；2-近光灯用光学透镜；21-平面；22-多段式自由曲面；23-光反射器；24-LED芯片；25-照明面；26-半圆形区域。 In the figure: 1-optical lens for high beam; 11-plane; 12-multi-segment free-form surface; 13-LED chip; 14-illumination surface; 15-elliptical area; 2-optical lens for low beam; 21- plane; 22-multi-segment free-form surface; 23-light reflector; 24-LED chip; 25-illumination surface; 26-semicircular area.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明，需要说明的是，附图仅用于示例性说明，不能理解为对本专利的限制；对于本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。 The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, it should be noted that accompanying drawing is only for exemplary illustration, can not be interpreted as the limitation of this patent; For those skilled in the art, some It is understandable that well-known structures and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
本发明提供的用于LED摩托车前照灯用光学透镜自由曲面的形成方法，包括同一个所述前照灯里的远光灯用光学透镜1的多段式自由曲面的形成方法和近光灯用光学透镜2的多段式自由曲面的形成方法，所述远光灯用光学透镜1、近光灯用光学透镜2均为类平凸透镜，所述远光灯用光学透镜1和近光灯用光学透镜2的平面11、21为光入射面、两者的多段式自由曲面12、22为光出射面，远光灯用光学透镜1和近光灯用光学透镜2分别处于LED芯片13、14前面(见图1至图4)，具体而言： The method for forming the free-form surface of the optical lens used in the LED motorcycle headlamp provided by the present invention includes the method for forming the multi-segment free-form surface of the optical lens 1 for the high beam in the same headlamp and the low beam With the forming method of the multi-stage free-form surface of the optical lens 2, the optical lens 1 for the high beam light and the optical lens 2 for the low beam light are both plano-convex lenses, and the optical lens 1 for the high beam light and the optical lens 2 for the low beam light are all plano-convex lenses. The planes 11 and 21 of the optical lens 2 are light incident surfaces, and the multi-segment free-form surfaces 12 and 22 of the two are light exit surfaces. Front (see Figures 1 to 4), specifically:
所述远光灯用光学透镜1的多段式自由曲面12的形成方法为：将远光灯用光学透镜的1平面11与LED芯片13发光面平行设置，以LED芯片13发光面的中心点为坐标原点O1建立直角坐标系，LED芯片13发光面所在平面为X1O1Y1平面,过原点O1并与X1O1Y1平面垂直的轴为Z1轴，其中X1O1Y1平面为水平面，在坐标原点O1前方距离25米处、与Z1轴交点为o1且平行于X1O1Y1平面的平面设为照明面14，点o1为照明面14中心，将照明面14上的照明区域设定为以中心点o1为中心的椭圆形区域15，然后对该椭圆形区域15进行多环带划分，然后将各环带进行网格划分，运用能量守恒定律建立环带能量对应立体角能量关系，然后将光源立体角按照明要求进行相等数量的多份划分，之后计算任一段自由曲线时先设定初始点，然后运用折射定律通过迭代数值计算得出该段曲线，然后通过简单的线段连接各段曲线形成一条多段式自由曲线12，然后由得出的这些多段式自由曲线绕Z1轴旋转360°组成自由曲面模型(见图5和图7)。 The forming method of the multi-segment free-form surface 12 of the optical lens 1 for the high-beam light is: the 1 plane 11 of the optical lens for the high-beam light is arranged parallel to the light-emitting surface of the LED chip 13, and the center point of the light-emitting surface of the LED chip 13 is The coordinate origin O 1 establishes a Cartesian coordinate system, the plane where the light-emitting surface of the LED chip 13 is located is the X 1 O 1 Y 1 plane, and the axis passing through the origin O 1 and perpendicular to the X 1 O 1 Y 1 plane is the Z 1 axis, where X 1 O 1 The Y 1 plane is a horizontal plane, the plane at a distance of 25 meters in front of the coordinate origin O 1 , the intersection point with the Z 1 axis is o 1 and parallel to the X 1 O 1 Y 1 plane is set as the lighting plane 14, and the point o 1 is the lighting plane 14 center, the lighting area on the lighting surface 14 is set as an elliptical area 15 centered on the central point o1, then the elliptical area 15 is divided into multiple rings, and then each ring is meshed, Use the law of energy conservation to establish the relationship between the energy of the ring and the solid angle, and then divide the solid angle of the light source into equal numbers of multiple parts according to the requirements, and then set the initial point when calculating any free curve, and then use the law of refraction to iterate the value Calculate this segment curve, then form a multi-segment free curve 12 by connecting each segment curve with a simple line segment, then rotate 360° around the Z 1 axis by these multi-segment free curves obtained to form a free-form surface model (see Fig. 5 and Figure 7).
近光灯用光学透镜2的多段式自由曲面22的形成方法为：将近光灯用光学透镜2的平面21与LED芯片24发光面垂直设置，光反射器23采用部分椭球面形的光反射器，以光反射器23的外侧焦点为坐标原点O2建立直角坐标系，以过点O2并平行于近光灯用光学透镜2的平面21平行的平面为X2O2Y2平面，过原点O2并与X2O2Y2平面垂直的轴为Z2轴，其中X2O2Y2平面为水平面，在坐标原点O2前方距离25米处、与Z2轴交点为o2且平行于X2O2Y2平面的平面设为照明面25，点o2为照明面25的中心点，把照明区域设为以照明面25的中心点o2为圆心的半圆形区域26，对该半圆形区域26进行多环带划分，运用能量守恒定律建立环带能量对应立体角能量关系，然后将光源立体角按照明要求进行相等数量的多份划分，计算任一段自由曲线时先设定初始点，然后运用折射定律通过迭代数值计算得出该段曲线，然后通过简单的线段连接各段曲线形成一条多段式自由曲线，然后由得出的这些多段式自由曲线22绕Z2轴旋转360°组成自由曲面模型(见图6和图8)。 The forming method of the multi-segment free-form surface 22 of the optical lens 2 for the dipped beam is: the plane 21 of the optical lens 2 for the dipped beam is vertically arranged with the light-emitting surface of the LED chip 24, and the light reflector 23 adopts a partial ellipsoidal light reflector , take the outer focal point of the light reflector 23 as the coordinate origin O 2 to establish a rectangular coordinate system, take the plane that passes through the point O 2 and is parallel to the plane 21 of the optical lens 2 for low beams as the X 2 O 2 Y 2 plane, and passes through The origin O 2 and the axis perpendicular to the X 2 O 2 Y 2 plane is the Z 2 axis, where the X 2 O 2 Y 2 plane is a horizontal plane, and the intersection with the Z 2 axis at a distance of 25 meters in front of the coordinate origin O 2 is o 2 And the plane parallel to the X 2 O 2 Y 2 plane is set as the lighting surface 25, point o 2 is the center point of the lighting surface 25, and the lighting area is set as a semicircular area with the center point o 2 of the lighting surface 25 as the center of the circle 26. Divide the semicircular area 26 into multiple rings, use the energy conservation law to establish the energy relationship of the rings corresponding to the solid angle energy, and then divide the light source solid angle into equal numbers of multiple parts according to the requirements, and calculate any free curve First set the initial point, then use the law of refraction to obtain the section of the curve through iterative numerical calculation, and then connect each section of the curve through a simple line segment to form a multi-section free curve, and then use these obtained multi-section free curves 22 to wrap around Z The 2 -axis rotates 360° to form a free-form surface model (see Figure 6 and Figure 8).
另外，在对于远光灯用光学透镜1的多段式自由曲面12形成方法中： In addition, in the method for forming the multi-segment free-form surface 12 of the optical lens 1 for the high beam:
所述对该椭圆形区域15进行环带划分的步骤具体包括：按椭圆区域的长半轴a分成n份，然后将短半轴b按长半轴划分的相同比例分成n份，以aj，bj表示划分后长轴a的第j份，然后以照明面中心点o1为中心，分别以a1+a2+...+aj-1,b1+b2+...+bj-1为长短轴做椭圆，然后以a1+a2+...+aj,b1+b2+...+bj为长短轴作椭圆，两椭圆中心区域为该环带区域。 The step of dividing the elliptical area 15 into rings specifically includes: dividing the semi-major axis a of the ellipse into n parts, and then dividing the semi-minor axis b into n parts in the same proportion as the semi-major axis. , b j represents the jth part of the long axis a after division, and then centering on the center point o 1 of the lighting surface, a 1 + a 2 +...+a j-1 , b 1 +b 2 +.. .+b j-1 is the long and short axis to make an ellipse, and then take a 1 +a 2 +...+a j ,b 1 +b 2 +...+b j as the long and short axes to make an ellipse. The central area of the two ellipses is the ring area.
所述将各环带区域进行网格划分的步骤具体包括：首先把某一环带区域的长半轴a和短半轴b分别等分为n份，以a1和bi表示等分后长半轴a的第i份和短半轴的第i份，以照明面中心点o1为中心，将环带区域划等分成m份椭圆形环带区域，然后将环带上任意一点和点o1的连线与x轴的夹角α等分成m份，以αj表示等分后α的第j份，以点o1为端点，与x轴的夹角为αj的射线束将每一份椭圆形环带区域再细分为m份，这样将环带区域划分从mxn个小格子。 The step of grid-dividing each annular region specifically includes: first, the semi-major axis a and the semi-minor axis b of a certain annular region are divided into n parts respectively, and a 1 and b i are used to represent equal divisions. The i-th part of the major semi-axis a and the i-th part of the minor semi-axis, with the central point o 1 of the lighting surface as the center, divide the ring area into m parts of the elliptical ring area, and then divide any point on the ring with The angle α between the line connecting point o 1 and the x-axis is equally divided into m parts, and α j is used to represent the j-th part of α after equal division, with point o 1 as the endpoint, and the angle between the x-axis and the ray beam is α j Subdivide each elliptical ring area into m parts, so that the ring area is divided into mxn small grids.
所述运用能量守恒定律建立环带能量对应立体角能量关系，然后将光源立体角按照明要求进行相等数量的多份划分的步骤具体包括：把出射光线L1与Z1轴正方向的夹角Φ(Φ可设置为0°≤Φ≤60°)分成n份，有Φj表示Φ的第j份,Φj与所述环带划分的aj和bj一一对应，Φj-1与Φj夹角的光通量等于aj-1、bj-1与aj、bj表示环带的能量。把出射光线L1在X1O1Y1平面上的投影与X1轴的夹角θ(θ可设置为0°≤θ≤360°)分成m份，用θj表示θ的第j份，θj与所述网格划分的αj一一对应，将Φj和θj带入光通量公式，再将每一角度内光通量等于每一小网格区域的能量，算出对应的Φj和θj数值。 The step of using the law of conservation of energy to establish the energy relationship of the ring energy corresponding to the solid angle, and then dividing the solid angle of the light source into equal numbers of multiple parts according to the requirements specifically includes : the angle between the outgoing light L1 and the positive direction of the Z1 axis Φ (Φ can be set to 0°≤Φ≤60°) is divided into n parts, and Φ j represents the jth part of Φ, and Φ j corresponds to a j and b j divided by the ring zone one by one, Φ j-1 The luminous flux at an angle with Φ j is equal to a j-1 , b j-1 and a j , b j represent the energy of the annular zone. Divide the angle θ between the projection of the outgoing light L 1 on the X 1 O 1 Y 1 plane and the X 1 axis (θ can be set to 0°≤θ≤360°) into m parts, and use θ j to represent the jth part of θ , θ j is in one-to-one correspondence with the α j of the grid division, and Φ j and θ j are brought into the luminous flux formula, and then the luminous flux in each angle is equal to the energy of each small grid area, and the corresponding Φ j and θ j are calculated θj value.
所述计算任一段自由曲线时先设定初始点，然后运用折射定律通过迭代数值计算得出该段曲线，然后通过简单的线段连接各段曲线形成一条多段式自由曲线，然后由得出的这些多段式自由曲线组成自由曲面模型的步骤具体包括：先分别设各线段初始点夹角Φ为0′、Φ1、Φ2...Φn，然后分别设定远光灯用光学透镜1的平面与LED芯片13发光面之间的距离，即确定了光入射面的位置，然后再根据这个距离选取合适的透镜厚度h＝8mm，确定这个值为每段曲线的距离底面的初始距离，根据迭代便可分别进行计算得到各段曲线，最后用简单的线段填充分裂部分即可得出多段式自由曲线12。 When calculating any section of free curve, first set the initial point, then use the law of refraction to obtain the section of curve through iterative numerical calculation, and then connect each section of curve through simple line segments to form a multi-section free curve, and then obtain these The steps of forming a free-form surface model with multi-segment free curves specifically include: firstly setting the angles Φ between the initial points of each line segment to be 0′, Φ 1 , Φ 2 ... Φ n , and then setting the The distance between the plane and the light-emitting surface of the LED chip 13 determines the position of the light incident surface, and then selects a suitable lens thickness h=8mm according to this distance, and determines that this value is the initial distance from the bottom surface of each section of the curve, according to The iteration can be calculated separately to obtain each segment of the curve, and finally the split part is filled with a simple line segment to obtain a multi-segment free curve 12 .
在对于近光灯用光学透镜2的多段式自由曲面22形成方法中： In the method for forming the multi-segment free-form surface 22 of the optical lens 2 for low beams:
所述运用能量守恒定律建立环带能量对应立体角能量关系，然后将光源立体角按照明要求进行相等数量的多份划分的步骤具体包括：是把出射光线L2与Z2轴正方向的夹角Φ′(Φ′可设置为0°≤Φ′≤60°)分成n份，用Φ′j表示Φ′的第j份，Φ′j与所述环带划分的rj一一对应，Φj-1与Φj夹角的光通量等于rj-1与rj表示环带的能量.将Φ′j带入光通量公式，再将每一角度内光通量等于所述每一份圆形环带区域的能量，算出对应的Φ′j数值。 The step of using the law of energy conservation to establish the energy relationship of the ring energy corresponding to the solid angle, and then dividing the solid angle of the light source into equal numbers of multiple parts according to the requirements specifically includes: the clip between the outgoing light L 2 and the positive direction of the Z 2 axis The angle Φ'(Φ' can be set to 0°≤Φ'≤60°) is divided into n parts, and Φ' j is used to represent the jth part of Φ', and Φ' j corresponds to the r j divided by the ring, The luminous flux at the angle between Φ j-1 and Φ j is equal to r j-1 and r j represent the energy of the ring. Put Φ′ j into the luminous flux formula, and then the luminous flux in each angle is equal to each circular ring With the energy of the region, calculate the corresponding value of Φ′ j .
所述计算任一段自由曲线时先设定初始点，然后运用折射定律通过迭代数值计算得出该段曲线，然后通过简单的线段连接各段曲线形成一条多段式自由曲线，然后由得出的这些多段式自由曲线组成自由曲面模型的步骤具体包括：是先分别设各线段初始点夹角Φ为0′、Φ′1、Φ′2...Φ′n，然后设定近光灯用光学透镜2的平面21与LED芯片24发光面之间的距离，即确定了光入射面的位置，然后再根据这个距离选取合适的透镜厚度h＝8mm，确定这个值为每段曲线的距离底面的初始距离，根据迭代便可分别进行计算得到各段曲线，最后用简单的线段填充分裂部分即可得出多段式自由曲线22。 When calculating any section of free curve, first set the initial point, then use the law of refraction to obtain the section of curve through iterative numerical calculation, and then connect each section of curve through simple line segments to form a multi-section free curve, and then obtain these The steps of forming a free-form surface model with multi-segment free curves specifically include: first, set the angles Φ between the initial points of each line segment to be 0′, Φ′ 1 , Φ′ 2 ... Φ′ n , and then set the optical The distance between the plane 21 of the lens 2 and the light-emitting surface of the LED chip 24 determines the position of the light incident surface, and then selects a suitable lens thickness h=8mm according to this distance, and determines that this value is the distance from the bottom surface of each section of the curve. The initial distance can be calculated separately according to the iterations to obtain the curves of each segment, and finally the split part is filled with simple line segments to obtain the multi-segment free curve 22 .
本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。 The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. All modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. for the formation method of LED motorcycle head lamp light lens free form surface, comprise the formation method of the formation method of the multisection type free form surface of the high beam optical lens in same described headlamp and the multisection type free form surface of dipped headlights optical lens, described optical lens is class planoconvex spotlight, the plane of optical lens is light entrance face, its multisection type free form surface is light-emitting face, optical lens is in before reflective optical system, it is characterized in that:
The formation method of the multisection type free form surface of described high beam optical lens is: be arranged, the plane of optical lens and LED chip light-emitting area with the central point of LED chip light-emitting area for origin of coordinates O in parallel 1set up rectangular coordinate system, LED chip light-emitting area place plane is X 1o 1y 1plane, crosses initial point O 1and and X 1o 1y 1the axle of plane orthogonal is Z 1axle, wherein X 1o 1y 1plane is horizontal plane, at origin of coordinates O 1distance 25 meters of, front and Z 1axle intersection point is o 1and be parallel to X 1o 1y 1the plane of plane is set to illuminated area, some o 1for illuminated area center, the field of illumination on illuminated area is set as with illuminated area central point o 1centered by elliptical region, then the division of many endless belt is carried out to this elliptical region, then each endless belt is carried out stress and strain model, law of conservation of energy is used to set up the corresponding solid angle energy relationship of endless belt energy, then light source solid angle is carried out many parts of divisions of equal amount by lighting requirement, first initial point is set when calculating arbitrary section of free curve afterwards, then the law of refraction is used to draw this section of curve by iterations and numerical simulation, then connect each section of curve by simple line segment and form a multisection type free curve, then by these multisection type free curves drawn around Z 1axle rotating 360 degrees composition FREEFORM SURFACE MODEL;
The formation method of the multisection type free form surface of described dipped headlights optical lens is: arrange vertical with LED chip light-emitting area for the plane of optical lens, and reflective optical system adopts the reflective optical system of part-ellipsoids shape, with the outside focus of reflective optical system for origin of coordinates O 2set up rectangular coordinate system, to cross some O 2and the parallel plane plane being parallel to optical lens is X 2o 2y 2plane, crosses initial point O 2and and X 2o 2y 2the axle of plane orthogonal is Z 2axle, wherein X 2o 2y 2plane is horizontal plane, at origin of coordinates O 2distance 25 meters of, front and Z 2axle intersection point is o 2and be parallel to X 2o 2y 2the plane of plane is set to illuminated area, some o 2for the central point of illuminated area, field of illumination is set to the central point o with illuminated area 2for the semicircular area in the center of circle, the division of many endless belt is carried out to this semicircular area, law of conservation of energy is used to set up the corresponding solid angle energy relationship of endless belt energy, then light source solid angle is carried out many parts of divisions of equal amount by lighting requirement, first initial point is set when calculating arbitrary section of free curve, then the law of refraction is used to draw this section of curve by iterations and numerical simulation, then connect each section of curve by simple line segment and form a multisection type free curve, then by these multisection type free curves drawn around Z 2axle rotating 360 degrees composition FREEFORM SURFACE MODEL.
2. by the formation method for LED motorcycle head lamp light lens free form surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the step that this elliptical region carries out the division of many endless belt specifically to be comprised: be divided into n part by the major semiaxis a of elliptic region, then semi-minor axis b is divided into n part, with a by the same ratio that major semiaxis divides j, b jrepresent the jth part of major axis a after dividing, then with illuminated area central point o 1centered by, respectively with a 1+ a 2+ ...+a j-1, b 1+ b 2+ ...+b j-1for major and minor axis does ellipse, then with a 1+ a 2+ ...+a j, b 1+ b 2+ ...+b jfor major and minor axis is done oval, two elliptical center regions are this ring belt area.
3. by the formation method for LED motorcycle head lamp light lens free form surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step of each ring belt area being carried out stress and strain model specifically comprises: first the major semiaxis a of a certain ring belt area and semi-minor axis b is divided into n part, respectively with a 1and b ii-th part of major semiaxis a and i-th part of semi-minor axis after expression decile, with illuminated area central point o 1centered by, ring belt area is drawn and is divided into m part vesica piscis region, then by any point on endless belt and some o 1line and the angle α of x-axis be divided into m part, with α jjth part of α after expression decile, with an o 1for end points, be α with the angle of x-axis jbeam every a vesica piscis region is subdivided into m part again, like this by ring belt area divide from mxn sub-box.
4. by the formation method for LED motorcycle head lamp light lens free form surface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the step that this semicircular area carries out the division of many endless belt specifically to be comprised: first the radius of circle r of semicircular area is divided into n part, with r jjth part of radius after expression decile, then with illuminated area central point o 2for the center of circle, respectively with r 1+ r+...+r j-1and r 1+ r+...+r jfor radius draws circle, this semicircular area is divided into semicircular rings region.
5. by the formation method for LED motorcycle head lamp light lens free form surface described in claim 1,2,3 or 4, it is characterized in that, described utilization law of conservation of energy sets up the corresponding solid angle energy relationship of endless belt energy, then the many parts of steps divided that light source solid angle carries out equal amount by lighting requirement is specifically comprised: emergent ray L 1with Z 1the angle Φ of axle positive direction is divided into n part, has Φ jrepresent jth part of Φ, Φ jthe a divided with described endless belt jand b jone_to_one corresponding, Φ j-1with Φ jthe luminous flux of angle equals a j-1, b j-1with a j, b jrepresent the energy of endless belt, emergent ray L 1at X 1o 1y 1projection in plane and X 1the angle theta of axle is divided into m part, uses θ jrepresent jth part of θ, θ jwith the α of described stress and strain model jone_to_one corresponding, by Φ jand θ jbring luminous flux formula into, then luminous flux in each angle is equaled the energy in each small grid region, calculate corresponding Φ jand θ jnumerical value.
6. by the formation method for LED motorcycle head lamp light lens free form surface described in claim 1,2,3 or 4, it is characterized in that, described utilization law of conservation of energy sets up the corresponding solid angle energy relationship of endless belt energy, then the many parts of steps divided that light source solid angle carries out equal amount by lighting requirement is specifically comprised: emergent ray L 2with Z 2the angle Φ ' of axle positive direction is divided into n part, with Φ ' jrepresent jth part of Φ ', Φ ' jthe r divided with described endless belt jone_to_one corresponding, Φ j-1with Φ jthe luminous flux of angle equals r j-1with r jrepresent the energy of endless belt. by Φ ' jbring luminous flux formula into, then luminous flux in each angle is equaled the energy in described every a circular band region, calculate corresponding Φ ' jnumerical value.
7. by the formation method for LED motorcycle head lamp light lens free form surface described in claim 1,2,3 or 4, it is characterized in that, first initial point is set during described calculating arbitrary section of free curve, then the law of refraction is used to draw this section of curve by iterations and numerical simulation, then connect each section of curve by simple line segment and form a multisection type free curve, the step then forming FREEFORM SURFACE MODEL by these multisection type free curves drawn specifically comprises: first set each line segment initial point angle Φ as 0 ' respectively, Φ 1, Φ 2... Φ nthen the distance between the plane of high beam optical lens and LED chip light-emitting area is set respectively, namely the position of light entrance face is determined, and then choose suitable lens thickness h according to this distance, determine that this value is the initial distance of the distance bottom surface of every section of curve, just can carry out respectively calculating each section of curve according to iteration, finally fill division part with simple line segment and can draw multisection type free curve.
8. by the formation method for LED motorcycle head lamp light lens free form surface described in claim 1,2,3 or 4, it is characterized in that: during described calculating arbitrary section of free curve, first set initial point, then the law of refraction is used to draw this section of curve by iterations and numerical simulation, then connect each section of curve by simple line segment and form a multisection type free curve, the step then forming FREEFORM SURFACE MODEL by these multisection type free curves drawn specifically comprises: first set each line segment initial point angle Φ as 0 ' respectively, Φ ' 1, Φ ' 2... Φ ' nthen the distance between the plane of dipped headlights optical lens and LED chip light-emitting area is set, namely the position of light entrance face is determined, and then choose suitable lens thickness h according to this distance, determine that this value is the initial distance of the distance bottom surface of every section of curve, just can carry out respectively calculating each section of curve according to iteration, finally fill division part with simple line segment and can draw multisection type free curve.
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| CN113330247A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-08-31 | 首尔半导体株式会社 | Vehicle headlamp lens |
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