CN105840719B - The MR damper of energy acquisition is carried out using double-deck magnet and induction coil - Google Patents

本发明公开了一种采用双层磁铁和感应线圈进行能量采集的磁流变阻尼器，主要由内层磁铁组、外层磁铁组、感应线圈、励磁线圈、端盖、外套筒、阻尼器缸体及活塞等组成。固定在连接杆上的内层磁铁组和固定连接在活塞杆上的外层磁铁组在外界激励下一起作往复直线运动，缠绕在支撑杆绕线架上的感应线圈由于电磁感应产生交流电,通过整流电路可直接用于励磁线圈的直流供电,产生可控阻尼力；转换后的直流电也可直接储存在储能电路中,实现振动能量采集。本发明采用双层磁铁和感应线圈进行振动能量采集，输出电压大，发电效率高；同时集能量采集及阻尼力可控于一体,结构紧凑；特别适合应用于断电等特殊情况下的半主动减振系统。

The invention discloses a magneto-rheological damper adopting double-layer magnets and induction coils for energy collection. Composed of cylinder and piston. The inner magnet group fixed on the connecting rod and the outer magnet group fixedly connected to the piston rod make a reciprocating linear motion together under external excitation, and the induction coil wound on the support rod winding frame generates alternating current due to electromagnetic induction, through The rectifier circuit can be directly used for DC power supply of the excitation coil to generate controllable damping force; the converted DC power can also be directly stored in the energy storage circuit to realize vibration energy collection. The invention adopts double-layer magnets and induction coils for vibration energy collection, with large output voltage and high power generation efficiency; at the same time, it integrates energy collection and damping force controllable, and has a compact structure; it is especially suitable for semi-active applications in special cases such as power outages. Vibration reduction system.

采用双层磁铁和感应线圈进行能量采集的磁流变阻尼器Magnetorheological damper for energy harvesting using double-layer magnets and induction coils

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种磁流变阻尼器，尤其涉及一种采用双层磁铁和感应线圈进行能量采集的磁流变阻尼器。The invention relates to a magnetorheological damper, in particular to a magnetorheological damper which adopts double-layer magnets and induction coils for energy collection.

背景技术Background technique

磁流变阻尼器是一种广泛应用于半主动控制系统中的新型智能阻尼器件。它主要是通过给阻尼器活塞绕线槽内的激励线圈施加一定大小的电流，产生磁场，使得液流通道内的磁流变液屈服强度发生变化，从而动态改变输出阻尼力。The magnetorheological damper is a new type of intelligent damping device widely used in semi-active control systems. It mainly generates a magnetic field by applying a certain amount of current to the excitation coil in the winding groove of the damper piston, so that the yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid in the liquid flow channel changes, thereby dynamically changing the output damping force.

磁流变阻尼器所具有的毫秒级响应速度、大控制范围和大阻尼力输出的特点，使得它成为工业应用领域优秀的半主动执行器件。目前，磁流变阻尼器已在建筑物及桥梁的减振抗震系统、铁路机车车辆及汽车悬架半主动系统的减振等方面取得广泛应用。使用磁流变阻尼器的目的是缓冲振动，而在实际工作中，来自阻尼器的运动损耗也是能量损耗的一个重大因素；然而传统磁流变阻尼器并不具有能量采集功能，不能使工作部件产生的振动能得到有效的回收利用，因此研究一种可以采集阻尼器运动中损耗的能量，将外界环境的振动能量转换为电能，并供给磁流变阻尼器自身工作使用，一直是人们期待解决的重要课题。传统阻尼器受到结构和功能的限制，无法实现能量回收利用，只能任由能量随零件的运动散失，不符合可持续发展的理念，也不满足经济效益最大化的工业生产需求，对磁流变阻尼器的应用和推广造成很大局限性。The characteristics of millisecond-level response speed, large control range and large damping force output of the magneto-rheological damper make it an excellent semi-active actuator in the field of industrial applications. At present, magnetorheological dampers have been widely used in vibration reduction and anti-seismic systems of buildings and bridges, railway rolling stock and semi-active suspension systems of automobiles. The purpose of using magnetorheological dampers is to buffer vibrations, and in actual work, the motion loss from the damper is also a major factor in energy loss; however, traditional magnetorheological dampers do not have the function of energy harvesting and cannot make the working parts The generated vibration energy can be effectively recycled. Therefore, it has been a long-awaited solution to study a method that can collect the energy lost in the damper movement, convert the vibration energy of the external environment into electrical energy, and supply it to the magnetorheological damper itself. important topics. Due to structural and functional limitations, traditional dampers cannot realize energy recovery and utilization, and can only allow energy to be lost with the movement of parts, which does not conform to the concept of sustainable development, nor does it meet the industrial production needs of maximizing economic benefits. The application and popularization of variable dampers have caused great limitations.

目前能量采集型磁流变阻尼器已经受到了国内外学者的关注，公开号为CN101550982A的中国发明专利“一种自供电磁流变阻尼器”提出一种一多叶片蝶形电磁式机械能量采集器，能量采集器安装在磁流变阻尼器的活塞底部。但该结构也有一定的局限性，由于磁流变液较稠，导致叶片转速比较慢，产生的电能不足以实现对阻尼器中的励磁线圈供电。公开号为CN200710034309.2的中国发明专利“一种自供电磁流变智能减振系统”将结构振动的传感器与磁流变阻尼器的供电电源集成到小型永磁式直流电机上，通过布置在减振器外侧的齿条齿轮传动的方式来驱动直流发电机发电，从而给磁流变阻尼器供电。但其局限性比较明显，由于发电装置布置在阻尼器外侧，导致整个减振系统体积庞大，并且对工作环境要求较高。At present, the energy harvesting magnetorheological damper has attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad. The Chinese invention patent "a self-supplied electromagnetic rheological damper" with the publication number CN101550982A proposes a multi-blade butterfly electromagnetic mechanical energy harvester. , the energy harvester is installed at the bottom of the piston of the magnetorheological damper. However, this structure also has certain limitations. Due to the relatively thick magnetorheological fluid, the rotation speed of the blade is relatively slow, and the generated electric energy is not enough to supply power to the excitation coil in the damper. The Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN200710034309.2 "A self-supplied electromagnetic rheological intelligent damping system" integrates the sensor of structural vibration and the power supply of the magnetorheological damper into a small permanent magnet DC motor. The rack and pinion transmission on the outside of the vibrator drives the DC generator to generate electricity, thereby supplying power to the magneto-rheological damper. However, its limitations are obvious. Since the power generation device is arranged outside the damper, the entire vibration reduction system is bulky and has high requirements for the working environment.

国内外研究发现，根据直线电机发电原理，采用磁铁和感应线圈制成能量采集回收装置的发电效率较高，具有广阔的研究前景。公开号为CN204755715 U的中国发明专利“一种集成能量回收装置的磁流变阻尼器”提出一种由单层环形磁铁和感应线圈组合而成的能量回收装置，并集成在传统磁流变阻尼器中。当单层环形磁铁与感应线圈发生相对运动时，感应线圈切割磁感线，产生电能。但是这种能量回收装置由于受到阻尼器体积限制，磁铁组没有得到合理布置，产生的磁场强度有限，输出电压小，产生的电能也比较小，使回收的振动能量不足以实现对阻尼器中的励磁线圈自供给。Research at home and abroad has found that according to the principle of linear motor power generation, the energy harvesting and recovery device made of magnets and induction coils has high power generation efficiency and has broad research prospects. The Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN204755715 U "a magneto-rheological damper with integrated energy recovery device" proposes an energy recovery device composed of a single-layer ring magnet and an induction coil, which is integrated in a traditional magneto-rheological damper device. When the single-layer ring magnet and the induction coil move relative to each other, the induction coil cuts the magnetic induction line to generate electric energy. However, this energy recovery device is limited by the size of the damper, the magnet group is not properly arranged, the magnetic field strength generated is limited, the output voltage is small, and the electric energy generated is also relatively small, so that the recovered vibration energy is not enough to realize the vibration in the damper. The field coil is self-supplied.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了克服背景技术所述磁流变阻尼器存在的问题及满足磁流变阻尼器实际使用要求，本发明提供一种采用双层磁铁和感应线圈进行能量采集的磁流变阻尼器，主要由内层磁铁组、外层磁铁组、感应线圈、励磁线圈、端盖、外套筒、阻尼器缸体及活塞等组成。固定在连接杆上的内层磁铁组和固定连接在活塞杆上的外层磁铁组在外界激励下一起作往复直线运动，缠绕在支撑杆绕线架上的感应线圈由于电磁感应产生交流电,通过整流电路可直接用于励磁线圈的直流供电,产生可控阻尼力；转换后的直流电也可以直接储存在储能电路中,实现振动能量采集。本发明采用双层磁铁和感应线圈进行振动能量采集，输出电压大，发电效率高；同时，本发明集振动能量采集及阻尼力可控于一体,双层磁铁布置方式性能优越，空间利用合理，结构紧凑，有效减少了阻尼器的整体结构尺寸。In order to overcome the problems existing in the magnetorheological damper described in the background technology and to meet the actual use requirements of the magnetorheological damper, the present invention provides a magnetorheological damper that adopts double-layer magnets and induction coils for energy collection, mainly composed of internal Layer magnet group, outer layer magnet group, induction coil, excitation coil, end cover, outer sleeve, damper cylinder and piston etc. The inner magnet group fixed on the connecting rod and the outer magnet group fixedly connected to the piston rod make a reciprocating linear motion together under external excitation, and the induction coil wound on the support rod winding frame generates alternating current due to electromagnetic induction, through The rectifier circuit can be directly used for DC power supply of the excitation coil to generate controllable damping force; the converted DC power can also be directly stored in the energy storage circuit to realize vibration energy collection. The present invention adopts double-layer magnets and induction coils for vibration energy collection, with large output voltage and high power generation efficiency; at the same time, the present invention integrates vibration energy collection and damping force controllability, and the double-layer magnet arrangement has superior performance and reasonable space utilization. The compact structure effectively reduces the overall structural size of the damper.

本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案包括：支撑杆绕线架(1)、下端盖(2)、浮动活塞(3)、螺钉Ⅰ(4)、密封圈Ⅰ(5)、挡板(6)、螺钉Ⅱ(7)、励磁线圈(8)、活塞(9)、外套筒(10)、外层隔片(11)、外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)、外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)、活塞杆(14)、感应线圈(15)、内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)、内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)、螺钉Ⅲ(18)、上端盖(19)、紧固片Ⅰ(20)、连接杆(21)、内层隔片(22)、密封圈Ⅱ(23)、紧固销(24)、阻尼器缸体(25)、紧固片Ⅱ(26)、密封圈Ⅲ(27)、密封圈Ⅳ(28)、密封圈Ⅴ(29)、密封圈Ⅵ(30)、密封圈Ⅶ(31)以及锁紧螺母(32)；下端盖(2)与阻尼器缸体(25)通过螺钉Ⅰ(4)刚性固定连接；下端盖(2)中间加工有圆形通孔，支撑杆绕线架(1)与下端盖(2)圆形通孔间隙配合，两者通过密封圈Ⅶ(31)进行密封；支撑杆绕线架(1)下端头部加工有外螺纹，可与锁紧螺母(32)螺纹连接；支撑杆绕线架(1)与下端盖(2)通过锁紧螺母(32)固定连接；浮动活塞(3)中间加工有圆形通孔，浮动活塞(3)圆形通孔内表面与支撑杆绕线架(1)外表面间隙配合，并通过密封圈Ⅵ(30)进行密封；浮动活塞(3)外表面与阻尼器缸体(25)内表面间隙配合，并通过密封圈Ⅰ(5)进行密封；紧固销(24)上端部和下端部分别加工有外螺纹，紧固片Ⅱ(26)上端面加工有螺纹孔，紧固销(24)下端部与紧固片Ⅱ(26)通过螺纹固定连接；内层隔片(22)、内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)和内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)分别加工有圆形通孔；内层隔片(22)、内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)和内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)圆形通孔内表面分别与紧固销(24)外表面过渡配合；装配时，先把内层隔片(22)安装在紧固销(24)上，内层隔片(22)下端面和紧固片Ⅱ(26)上端面紧密结合；再把内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)安装在紧固销(24)上，内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)下端面和内层隔片(22)上端面紧密结合；接着把内层隔片(22)安装在紧固销(24)上，内层隔片(22)下端面和内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)上端面紧密结合；然后把内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)安装在紧固销(24)上，内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)下端面和内层隔片(22)上端面紧密结合；按照上面的安装方式，再把内层隔片(22)、内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)、内层隔片(22)、内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)、内层隔片(22)、内置径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)、内层隔片(22)、内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)、内层隔片(22)、内置径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)、内层隔片(22)、内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)依次安装在紧固销(24)上；连接杆(21)下端面加工有螺纹孔，紧固销(24)上端部与连接杆(21)螺纹紧固连接；通过紧固片Ⅱ(26)、紧固销(24)和连接杆(21)的螺纹紧固连接，可将4片内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)、4片内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)和8片内层隔片(22)固定安装在连接杆(21)上，形成内层磁铁组；连接杆(21)上端外表面加工有外螺纹；上端盖(19)下端面加工有螺纹孔，连接杆(21)与上端盖(19)通过螺纹连接固定在一起；支撑杆绕线架(1)上端外表面加工有9个绕线槽，感应线圈(15)缠绕在支撑杆绕线架(1)绕线槽内；活塞杆(14)中间加工有圆形通孔，支撑杆绕线架(1)外表面与活塞杆(14)圆形通孔内表面间隙配合；活塞杆(14)下端加工有台肩，活塞(9)内表面与活塞杆(14)下端外表面过渡配合，并通过密封圈Ⅲ(27)进行密封；活塞(9)通过活塞杆(14)下端部的台肩进行轴向定位；挡板(6)中间加工有圆形通孔，活塞杆(14)下端面加工有螺纹孔，挡板(6)与活塞杆(14)通过螺钉Ⅱ(7)紧固连接；挡板(6)与支撑杆绕线架(1)间隙配合，并通过密封圈Ⅴ(29)进行密封；挡板(6)与活塞(9)通过密封圈Ⅳ(28)进行密封；活塞(9)外侧面加工有绕线槽，励磁线圈(8)缠绕在活塞(9)的绕线槽内；外层隔片(11)、外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)以及外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)分别加工有圆形通孔；外层隔片(11)、外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)以及外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)圆形通孔内表面分别与活塞杆(14)外表面过渡配合；装配时，先把外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)安装在活塞杆(14)上，外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)下端面和活塞杆(14)台阶端面紧密结合；再把外层隔片(11)安装在活塞杆(14)上，外层隔片(11)下端面和外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)上端面紧密结合；接着把外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)安装在活塞杆(14)上，外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)下端面和外层隔片(11)上端面紧密结合；然后把外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)安装在活塞杆(14)上，外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)下端面和外层隔片(11)上端面紧密结合；按照上面的安装方式，再把外层隔片(11)、外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)、外层隔片(11)、外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)、外层隔片(11)、外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)、外层隔片(11)、外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)、外层隔片(11)、外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)、外层隔片(11)、外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)、外层隔片(11)、外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)、外层隔片(11)、外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)依次安装在活塞杆(14)上；紧固片Ⅰ(20)下端面压紧外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)上端面；紧固片Ⅰ(20)内表面加工有内螺纹，活塞杆(14)上端外表面加工有外螺纹，活塞杆(14)上端外表面可与紧固片Ⅰ(20)通过螺纹连接固定在一起；紧固片Ⅰ(20)上端面加工有6个周向均匀布置的螺纹孔，上端盖(19)表面加工有6个周向均匀布置的螺纹通孔，上端盖(19)和紧固片Ⅰ(20)可通过螺钉Ⅲ(18)固定连接；通过紧固片Ⅰ(20)和活塞杆(14)台阶端面的轴向固定，可将6片外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)、5片外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)和10片外层隔片(11)固定安装在活塞杆(14)上，形成外层磁铁组；外套筒(10)内表面分别与活塞杆(14)外表面和紧固片Ⅰ(20)外表面过渡配合；外套筒(10)通过上端盖(19)与紧固片Ⅰ(20)的螺纹连接轴向固定；外套筒(10)与阻尼器缸体(25)间隙配合，并通过密封圈Ⅱ(23)进行密封；活塞(9)和活塞杆(14)在外部激励下作往复直线运动时，带动内层磁铁组和外层磁铁组也一起作往复直线运动；内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)的N极中产生的磁力线通过感应线圈(15)，进入外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)的S极，由外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)的N极通过外套筒(10)进入外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)的S极，再从外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)的N极通过感应线圈(15)中进入内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)的S极，然后由内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)的N极通过内层隔片(22)到达内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)的S极，形成闭合回路；在内层磁铁组和外层磁铁组共同作用下，缠绕在支撑杆绕线架(1)的感应线圈(15)由于电磁感应产生交流电，实现振动能量采集的目的。支撑杆绕线架(1)、外套筒(10)、外层隔片(11)、活塞杆(14)、连接杆(21)、内层隔片(22)、紧固销(24)以及阻尼器缸体(25)由不导磁材料制成；内层径向S-N磁极磁铁(16)、内层径向N-S磁极磁铁(17)、外层径向N-S磁极磁铁(12)和外层径向S-N磁极磁铁(13)由导磁材料制成。感应线圈(15)由两组独立线圈组成，分别缠绕于支撑杆绕线架(1)绕线槽内；支撑杆绕线架(1)设有9个绕线槽，其中一组独立线圈分别从绕线槽②、④、⑥及⑧中按串联的方式缠绕，两根引线A₁和A₂由支撑杆绕线架(1)的引线槽(101)进入支撑杆绕线架(1)下端部的引线槽(102)，然后从支撑杆绕线架(1)的引线孔(103)引出；另外一组独立线圈分别从绕线槽①、③、⑤、⑦及⑨中按串联的方式缠绕，两根引线B₁和B₂由支撑杆绕线架(1)的引线槽(101)进入支撑杆绕线架(1)下端部的引线槽(102)，然后从支撑杆绕线架(1)的引线孔(103)引出；励磁线圈(8)的引线C₁、C₂通过活塞(9)的引线槽(201)进入活塞杆(14)的引线孔(202)，然后通过活塞杆(14)的引线槽从上端盖(19)的引线孔(203)引出。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems includes: support rod winding frame (1), lower end cover (2), floating piston (3), screw I (4), sealing ring I (5), baffle plate ( 6), screw II (7), excitation coil (8), piston (9), outer sleeve (10), outer spacer (11), outer radial NS pole magnet (12), outer radial SN pole magnet (13), piston rod (14), induction coil (15), inner radial SN pole magnet (16), inner radial NS pole magnet (17), screw III (18), upper end cover ( 19), fastening piece I (20), connecting rod (21), inner spacer (22), sealing ring II (23), fastening pin (24), damper cylinder (25), fastening piece Ⅱ(26), sealing ring Ⅲ(27), sealing ring Ⅳ(28), sealing ring Ⅴ(29), sealing ring Ⅵ(30), sealing ring Ⅶ(31) and lock nut(32); lower end cover ( 2) It is rigidly fixedly connected with the damper cylinder (25) through screw I (4); the lower end cover (2) is processed with a circular through hole in the middle, and the support rod winding frame (1) is connected with the lower end cover (2) through a circular hole. The gaps of the holes are matched, and the two are sealed by the sealing ring VII (31); the lower end of the support rod winding frame (1) is processed with external threads, which can be threaded with the lock nut (32); the support rod winding frame (1 ) is fixedly connected with the lower end cover (2) through a lock nut (32); a circular through hole is processed in the middle of the floating piston (3), and the inner surface of the circular through hole of the floating piston (3) is connected with the support rod winding frame (1) The outer surface is clearance fit and sealed by the sealing ring VI (30); the outer surface of the floating piston (3) is in clearance fit with the inner surface of the damper cylinder (25) and is sealed by the sealing ring I (5); the fastening pin (24) The upper end and the lower end are respectively processed with external threads, and the upper end surface of the fastening piece II (26) is processed with threaded holes, and the lower end of the fastening pin (24) is fixedly connected with the fastening piece II (26) by threads; Layer spacers (22), inner radial SN pole magnets (16) and inner radial NS pole magnets (17) are respectively processed with circular through holes; inner spacers (22), inner radial SN poles Magnet (16) and inner layer radial NS magnetic pole magnet (17) circular through-hole inner surface respectively and fastening pin (24) outer surface transition fit; On the pin (24), the lower end surface of the inner spacer (22) is closely combined with the upper end surface of the fastening piece II (26); then the inner radial NS pole magnet (17) is installed on the fastening pin (24), Inner layer radial NS pole magnet (17) lower end face and inner layer spacer (22) upper end face are closely combined; Then inner layer spacer (22) is installed on the fastening pin (24), inner layer spacer (22) ) lower end surface and the upper end surface of the inner radial NS pole magnet (17); then the inner radial SN pole magnet (16) is installed on the fastening pin (24), and the inner radial SN pole magnet (16) ) lower end surface and the upper end surface of the inner spacer (22) are tightly combined; according to the above installation installation method, then put the inner spacer (22), the inner radial SN pole magnet (16), the inner spacer (22), the inner radial NS pole magnet (17), the inner spacer (22) , Built-in radial NS pole magnet (17), inner spacer (22), inner radial SN pole magnet (16), inner spacer (22), built-in radial SN pole magnet (16), inner Separator (22), inner layer radial NS magnetic pole magnet (17) are installed on the fastening pin (24) successively; The lower end surface of connecting rod (21) is processed with threaded hole, and the upper end of fastening pin (24) and connecting rod (21) threaded fastening connection; through the threaded fastening connection of fastening sheet II (26), fastening pin (24) and connecting rod (21), 4 inner layer radial SN magnetic pole magnets (16), 4 pieces of inner layer radial NS pole magnets (17) and 8 pieces of inner layer spacers (22) are fixedly installed on the connecting rod (21) to form an inner layer magnet group; the outer surface of the upper end of the connecting rod (21) is processed with external threads The lower end surface of the upper end cover (19) is processed with a threaded hole, and the connecting rod (21) and the upper end cover (19) are fixed together by threaded connection; the outer surface of the upper end of the support rod winding frame (1) is processed with 9 winding grooves, The induction coil (15) is wound in the winding groove of the support rod winding frame (1); a circular through hole is processed in the middle of the piston rod (14), and the outer surface of the support rod winding frame (1) is in the same circle as the piston rod (14). clearance fit on the inner surface of the through-hole; the lower end of the piston rod (14) is processed with a shoulder, the inner surface of the piston (9) and the outer surface of the lower end of the piston rod (14) are in transition fit, and are sealed by the sealing ring III (27); the piston ( 9) Axial positioning is carried out through the shoulder at the lower end of the piston rod (14); a circular through hole is processed in the middle of the baffle plate (6), and a threaded hole is processed on the lower end surface of the piston rod (14), and the baffle plate (6) and the piston The rod (14) is fastened and connected by screw II (7); the baffle (6) is in clearance fit with the support rod winding frame (1), and is sealed by the sealing ring V (29); the baffle (6) and the piston ( 9) It is sealed by the sealing ring IV (28); the outer surface of the piston (9) is processed with a winding groove, and the excitation coil (8) is wound in the winding groove of the piston (9); the outer spacer (11), the outer The layer radial NS pole magnet (12) and the outer layer radial SN pole magnet (13) are respectively processed with circular through holes; the outer spacer (11), the outer radial NS pole magnet (12) and the outer diameter The inner surface of the circular through hole of the SN magnetic pole magnet (13) is transitionally matched with the outer surface of the piston rod (14) respectively; when assembling, the outer radial NS magnetic pole magnet (12) is installed on the piston rod (14) earlier, and the outer layer Layer radial NS magnetic pole magnet (12) lower end face and piston rod (14) step end face are closely combined; The upper end surface of the outer layer radial NS pole magnet (12) is tightly combined; then the outer layer radial NS pole magnet (12) is installed on the piston rod (14), and the lower end surface of the outer layer radial NS pole magnet (12) and the outer Layer spacer (11) upper end surface Tightly combined; then the outer radial SN pole magnet (13) is installed on the piston rod (14), and the outer radial SN pole magnet (13) lower end surface and the outer layer spacer (11) upper end surface are tightly combined; according to The above installation method, then the outer spacer (11), the outer radial SN pole magnet (13), the outer spacer (11), the outer radial NS pole magnet (12), the outer spacer ( 11), outer radial NS pole magnet (12), outer spacer (11), outer radial SN pole magnet (13), outer spacer (11), outer radial SN pole magnet (13 ), outer spacer (11), outer radial NS pole magnet (12), outer spacer (11), outer radial NS pole magnet (12), outer spacer (11), outer The radial SN pole magnets (13) are installed on the piston rod (14) in turn; the lower end surface of the fastening piece I (20) presses the upper end surface of the outer radial SN pole magnet (13); the inner surface of the fastening piece I (20) The surface is processed with internal threads, and the outer surface of the upper end of the piston rod (14) is processed with external threads, and the outer surface of the upper end of the piston rod (14) can be fixed together with the fastening piece I (20) through threaded connection; the fastening piece I (20) The upper end surface is processed with 6 threaded holes evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, and the surface of the upper end cover (19) is processed with 6 threaded through holes evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. The upper end cover (19) and the fastening piece I (20) can pass through the screw III (18) Fixed connection; through the axial fixation of the fastening piece I (20) and the stepped end face of the piston rod (14), the 6 outer radial NS magnetic pole magnets (12) and the 5 outer radial SN magnetic poles Magnets (13) and 10 outer layer spacers (11) are fixedly mounted on the piston rod (14) to form an outer layer magnet group; the inner surface of the outer sleeve (10) is respectively fastened to the outer surface of the piston rod (14) and The outer surface of sheet I (20) is transition fit; the outer sleeve (10) is axially fixed through the threaded connection between the upper end cover (19) and the fastening sheet I (20); the outer sleeve (10) and the damper cylinder (25 ) clearance fit, and sealed by the sealing ring II (23); when the piston (9) and the piston rod (14) make a reciprocating linear motion under external excitation, the inner magnet group and the outer magnet group are also driven to reciprocate linearly Motion; the magnetic lines of force produced in the N pole of the radial SN pole magnet (16) of the inner layer pass through the induction coil (15), enter the S pole of the radial SN pole magnet (13) of the outer layer, and are driven by the radial SN pole magnet of the outer layer ( The N pole of 13) enters the S pole of the outer radial NS pole magnet (12) through the outer sleeve (10), and enters from the N pole of the outer radial NS pole magnet (12) through the induction coil (15) The S pole of the inner layer radial NS pole magnet (17) then reaches the S pole of the inner layer radial SN pole magnet (16) through the inner layer spacer (22) from the N pole of the inner layer radial NS pole magnet (17) poles, forming a closed loop; under the joint action of the inner magnet group and the outer magnet group, the induction coil (15) wound on the support rod winding frame (1) generates alternating current due to electromagnetic induction, and realizes vibration energy collection. set purpose. Support rod winding frame (1), outer sleeve (10), outer spacer (11), piston rod (14), connecting rod (21), inner spacer (22), fastening pin (24) And the damper cylinder (25) is made of non-magnetic material; the inner radial SN pole magnet (16), the inner radial NS pole magnet (17), the outer radial NS pole magnet (12) and the outer Layer radial SN pole magnets (13) are made of magnetically permeable material. The induction coil (15) is composed of two groups of independent coils, which are respectively wound in the winding grooves of the supporting rod winding frame (1); the supporting rod winding frame (1) is provided with 9 winding grooves, and one group of independent coils are Winding in series from the winding grooves ②, ④, ⑥ and ⑧, the two lead wires A ₁ and A ₂ enter the supporting rod winding frame (1) from the lead wire groove (101) of the supporting rod winding frame (1) The lead wire slot (102) at the lower end is then drawn from the lead wire hole (103) of the support rod winding frame (1); another group of independent coils are respectively connected in series from the wire slots ①, ③, ⑤, ⑦ and ⑨. The two lead wires B ₁ and B ₂ enter the lead trough (102) at the lower end of the support rod winding frame (1) from the lead wire groove (101) of the support rod winding frame (1), and then wind from the support rod The lead wire hole (103) of the frame (1) is drawn out; the lead wire C ₁ and C ₂ of the excitation coil (8) enter the lead wire hole (202) of the piston rod (14) through the lead wire groove (201) of the piston (9), and then pass through The lead groove of the piston rod (14) is drawn out from the lead hole (203) of the upper end cover (19).

本发明与背景技术相比，具有的有益效果是：Compared with the background technology, the present invention has the beneficial effects of:

（1）本发明通过紧固销和紧固片将内层磁铁组固定在连接杆上，通过紧固片将外层磁铁组固定在活塞杆上，活塞杆和活塞的往复直线运动带动内层磁铁组和外层磁铁组一起作往复直线运动；在双层磁铁作用下，缠绕在支撑杆绕线架上的感应线圈由于电磁感应产生交流电,通过整流电路转化成直流电后,可直接用于活塞绕线槽内的励磁线圈的直流供电,产生可控阻尼力。(1) In the present invention, the inner magnet group is fixed on the connecting rod through the fastening pin and the fastening piece, and the outer magnet group is fixed on the piston rod through the fastening piece, and the reciprocating linear motion of the piston rod and the piston drives the inner layer The magnet group and the outer magnet group make reciprocating linear motion together; under the action of double-layer magnets, the induction coil wound on the support rod winding frame generates alternating current due to electromagnetic induction, which can be directly used in the piston after being converted into direct current by the rectifier circuit. The DC power supply of the excitation coil in the winding groove generates a controllable damping force.

（2）本发明采用内层磁铁组和外层磁铁组构成振动发电装置，由于采用双层磁铁布置方式，相比单层磁铁布置的振动发电装置，极大的增加了发电磁场强度，输出电压大，发电效率高。(2) The present invention adopts the inner layer magnet group and the outer layer magnet group to form a vibration power generation device. Due to the double-layer magnet arrangement, compared with the vibration power generation device with a single-layer magnet arrangement, the strength of the generating field and the output voltage are greatly increased. Large, high power generation efficiency.

（3）本发明感应线圈产生的电压转换成直流电，可直接给磁流变阻尼器的励磁线圈供电，从而使得磁流变阻尼器不依靠外部能源就能正常工作，从而进一步提高了磁流变阻尼器的应用范围；转换后的直流电也可储存在储能电路中，从而真正实现振动机械能的能量采集及回收利用。(3) The voltage generated by the induction coil of the present invention is converted into direct current, which can directly supply power to the excitation coil of the magnetorheological damper, so that the magnetorheological damper can work normally without relying on external energy, thereby further improving the magnetorheological The application range of the damper; the converted direct current can also be stored in the energy storage circuit, so as to truly realize the energy collection and recycling of vibration mechanical energy.

（4）本发明集振动能量采集及阻尼力可控于一体,双层磁铁布置方式好，空间利用合理，结构紧凑，有效减少了阻尼器的整体结构尺寸；另外，本发明可在较低的工作电流下提供较高的阻尼力，使得磁流变阻尼器的整体功耗较小，能量利用效率较高。(4) The present invention integrates vibration energy collection and damping force controllability, has good arrangement of double-layer magnets, reasonable use of space, compact structure, and effectively reduces the overall structural size of the damper; in addition, the present invention can be used at a lower Higher damping force is provided under the operating current, so that the overall power consumption of the magneto-rheological damper is lower and the energy utilization efficiency is higher.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

图2是本发明内层磁铁组结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner layer magnet group of the present invention.

图3是本发明外层磁铁组结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer magnet group of the present invention.

图4是本发明感应线圈及激励线圈中磁力线分布示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic force lines in the induction coil and the excitation coil of the present invention.

图5是图4的P部放大图。FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of part P in FIG. 4 .

图6是本发明感应线圈引线示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the lead wires of the induction coil of the present invention.

图7是本发明励磁线圈引线示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the leads of the excitation coil of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention will be further described:

如图1所示，本发明包括支撑杆绕线架1、下端盖2、浮动活塞3、螺钉Ⅰ4、密封圈Ⅰ5、挡板6、螺钉Ⅱ7、励磁线圈8、活塞9、外套筒10、外层隔片11、外层径向N-S磁极磁铁12、外层径向S-N磁极磁铁13、活塞杆14、感应线圈15、内层径向S-N磁极磁铁16、内层径向N-S磁极磁铁17、螺钉Ⅲ18、上端盖19、紧固片Ⅰ20、连接杆21、内层隔片22、密封圈Ⅱ23、紧固销24、阻尼器缸体25、紧固片Ⅱ26、密封圈Ⅲ27、密封圈Ⅳ28、密封圈Ⅴ29、密封圈Ⅵ30、密封圈Ⅶ31以及锁紧螺母32。As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes a support rod winding frame 1, a lower end cover 2, a floating piston 3, a screw I4, a sealing ring I5, a baffle plate 6, a screw II7, an excitation coil 8, a piston 9, an outer sleeve 10, Outer spacer 11, outer radial N-S pole magnet 12, outer radial S-N pole magnet 13, piston rod 14, induction coil 15, inner radial S-N pole magnet 16, inner radial N-S pole magnet 17, Screw Ⅲ18, upper end cover 19, fastening piece Ⅰ20, connecting rod 21, inner spacer 22, sealing ring Ⅱ23, fastening pin 24, damper cylinder 25, fastening piece Ⅱ26, sealing ring Ⅲ27, sealing ring Ⅳ28, Sealing ring V29, sealing ring VI30, sealing ring VII31 and lock nut 32.

图2是本发明内层磁铁组结构布置示意图。通过紧固片Ⅱ26、紧固销24和连接杆21的螺纹紧固连接，可将4片内层径向S-N磁极磁铁16、4片内层径向N-S磁极磁铁17和8片内层隔片22固定安装在连接杆21上，形成内层磁铁组。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structural layout of the inner layer magnet group of the present invention. Through the fastening connection of the fastening piece II 26, the fastening pin 24 and the connecting rod 21, four inner radial S-N pole magnets 16, four inner radial N-S magnetic pole magnets 17 and eight inner spacers can be connected. 22 is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 21 to form an inner layer magnet group.

图3是本发明外层磁铁组结构布置示意图。通过紧固片Ⅰ20和活塞杆14台阶端面的轴向固定，可将6片外层径向N-S磁极磁铁12、5片外层径向S-N磁极磁铁13和10片外层隔片11固定安装在活塞杆14上，形成外层磁铁组。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure layout of the outer magnet group of the present invention. Through the axial fixing of the fastening piece I20 and the stepped end face of the piston rod 14, 6 outer radial N-S pole magnets 12, 5 outer radial S-N magnetic pole magnets 13 and 10 outer spacers 11 can be fixedly installed on the On the piston rod 14, an outer magnet group is formed.

图4所示是本发明感应线圈15及励磁线圈8中磁力线分布示意图。图5所示为图4的P部放大图。内层径向S-N磁极磁铁16的N极中产生的磁力线通过感应线圈15，进入外层径向S-N磁极磁铁13的S极，由外层径向S-N磁极磁铁13的N极通过外套筒10进入外层径向N-S磁极磁铁12的S极，再从外层径向N-S磁极磁铁12的N极通过感应线圈15中进入内层径向N-S磁极磁铁17的S极，然后由内层径向N-S磁极磁铁17的N极通过内层隔片22到达内层径向S-N磁极磁铁16的S极，形成闭合回路；在内层磁铁组和外层磁铁组共同作用下，缠绕在支撑杆绕线架1的感应线圈15由于电磁感应将产生交流电，实现振动能量采集的目的。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic force lines in the induction coil 15 and the excitation coil 8 of the present invention. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of part P in Fig. 4 . The magnetic lines of force generated in the N pole of the inner radial S-N pole magnet 16 pass through the induction coil 15 and enter the S pole of the outer radial S-N pole magnet 13, and the N pole of the outer radial S-N pole magnet 13 passes through the outer sleeve 10 Enter the S pole of the outer radial N-S magnetic pole magnet 12, then enter the S pole of the inner radial N-S magnetic pole magnet 17 from the N pole of the outer radial N-S magnetic pole magnet 12 through the induction coil 15, and then enter the S pole of the inner radial N-S magnetic pole magnet 17 from the inner radial The N pole of the N-S magnetic pole magnet 17 reaches the S pole of the inner radial S-N magnetic pole magnet 16 through the inner layer spacer 22, forming a closed loop; The induction coil 15 of the frame 1 will generate alternating current due to electromagnetic induction, so as to realize the purpose of vibration energy collection.

感应线圈15由两组独立线圈组成，分别缠绕于支撑杆绕线架1绕线槽内；两组独立线圈产生的感应电压可表示为：The induction coil 15 is composed of two sets of independent coils, which are respectively wound in the winding slots of the supporting rod winding frame 1; the induced voltage generated by the two sets of independent coils can be expressed as:

e ₁ =E _m (ωt) (1) e ₁ =E _m (ωt) (1)

e ₂ =E _m (ωt-180°) (2) e ₂ =E _m (ωt-180°) (2)

公式(1)和(2)中E _m为最大感应电动势，ω为激振频率。In formulas (1) and (2), E _m is the maximum induced electromotive force, and ω is the excitation frequency.

由于感应线圈15在往复运动中产生交流电，可通过整流电路将交流电转换为直流电。Since the induction coil 15 generates alternating current during reciprocating motion, the alternating current can be converted into direct current through a rectification circuit.

励磁线圈8中产生的磁力线通过活塞9，经过液流通道中的磁流变液，到达阻尼器缸体25，再经过液流通道返回活塞9，形成闭合磁路。The magnetic field lines generated in the excitation coil 8 pass through the piston 9, pass through the magnetorheological fluid in the liquid flow channel, reach the damper cylinder 25, and then return to the piston 9 through the liquid flow channel to form a closed magnetic circuit.

图6所示为本发明感应线圈引线示意图。感应线圈15由两组独立线圈组成，分别缠绕于支撑杆绕线架1绕线槽内。支撑杆绕线架1设有9个绕线槽，其中一组独立线圈分别从绕线槽②、④、⑥及⑧中按串联的方式缠绕，两根引线A₁和A₂由支撑杆绕线架1的引线槽101进入支撑杆绕线架1下端部的引线槽102，然后从支撑杆绕线架1的引线孔103引出阻尼器；另外一组独立线圈分别从绕线槽①、③、⑤、⑦及⑨中按串联的方式缠绕，两根引线B₁和B₂由支撑杆绕线架1的引线槽101进入支撑杆绕线架1下端部的引线槽102，然后从支撑杆绕线架1的引线孔103引出。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the lead wires of the induction coil of the present invention. The induction coil 15 is composed of two groups of independent coils, which are respectively wound in the winding slots of the support rod winding frame 1 . The support rod winding frame 1 is provided with 9 winding slots, in which a group of independent coils are respectively wound in series from the winding slots ②, ④, ⑥ and ⑧, and the two lead wires A ₁ and A ₂ are wound by the support rod. The lead wire groove 101 of the wire frame 1 enters the wire lead groove 102 at the lower end of the support rod winding frame 1, and then the damper is drawn out from the lead wire hole 103 of the support rod winding frame 1; , ⑤, ⑦ and ⑨ are wound in series, the two lead wires B ₁ and B ₂ enter the lead wire groove 102 at the lower end of the support rod winding frame 1 from the lead wire slot 101 of the support rod winding frame 1, and then from the support rod The wire hole 103 of the bobbin 1 is drawn out.

图7所示为本发明励磁线圈引线示意图。励磁线圈8的两根引线C₁和C₂通过活塞9的引线槽201进入活塞杆14的引线孔202，然后通过活塞杆14的引线槽从上端盖19的引线孔203引出。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the leads of the excitation coil of the present invention. The two lead wires _C1 and C2 of the exciting coil 8 enter the lead wire hole 202 of the piston rod ₁₄ through the lead wire groove 201 of the piston 9, and then are drawn out from the lead wire hole 203 of the upper end cover 19 through the lead wire groove of the piston rod 14.

本发明工作原理如下：The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

当存在外部激励时，活塞杆14沿轴向方向作往复直线运动，带动内层磁铁组和外层磁铁组一起作往复直线运动。在双层磁铁作用下，缠绕在支撑杆绕线架1中的感应线圈15在往复运动中将产生交流电，通过整流电路将产生的交流电转换成直流电，从而可直接用于活塞9绕线槽内的励磁线圈8的直流供电。通过给励磁线圈8供电，产生磁场，改变活塞9与阻尼器缸体25之间形成的阻尼间隙内的磁流变液屈服强度，产生可控阻尼力，从而完成振动机械能量回收利用。When there is an external excitation, the piston rod 14 makes a reciprocating linear motion along the axial direction, driving the inner magnet group and the outer magnet group to make a reciprocating linear motion together. Under the action of double-layer magnets, the induction coil 15 wound in the support rod winding frame 1 will generate alternating current during the reciprocating motion, and the generated alternating current will be converted into direct current through the rectification circuit, so that it can be directly used in the winding groove of the piston 9 The DC power supply of the exciting coil 8. By supplying power to the excitation coil 8, a magnetic field is generated to change the yield strength of the magneto-rheological fluid in the damping gap formed between the piston 9 and the damper cylinder 25 to generate a controllable damping force, thereby completing the recovery and utilization of vibrational mechanical energy.

如果励磁线圈8由外部电源直接供电时，采集转换过来的直流电也可储存在储能电路中。If the excitation coil 8 is directly powered by an external power source, the collected and converted direct current can also be stored in the energy storage circuit.