CN105961211A - Automatic excrement-urine separation and timed collection device for animal metabolism experiment - Google Patents

本发明涉及一种用于动物代谢实验粪尿自动分离与定时收集的装置，属于动物实验器具技术领域。包括支架、饲养笼、粪尿分离装置和粪尿收集保存装置，饲养笼固定于支架上，饲养笼底部为网栅；粪尿分离装置设置在饲养笼下方，粪尿收集保存装置包括尿液定时收集保存装置及粪便样品收集器，尿液定时收集保存装置设置在可控恒温箱内，尿液定时收集保存装置包括壳体、转盘、旋转轴、定时器及样品收集管，与现有技术相比，本发明提供的装置既能有效进行粪尿分离，又能定时收集和定温保存的用于动物代谢实验粪尿分离收集的装置，使代谢粪尿分离更加有效，并能定时、定温收集和保存试验样品，装置使用方便化、安全可靠，成本低，易于推广应用。

The invention relates to a device for automatic separation and timing collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments, which belongs to the technical field of animal experiment equipment. It includes a bracket, a feeding cage, a feces and urine separation device and a feces and urine collection and storage device. The feeding cage is fixed on the bracket, and the bottom of the feeding cage is a grid; the feces and urine separation device is arranged under the feeding cage. The collection and preservation device and the stool sample collector, the urine timing collection and preservation device is set in a controllable thermostat, the urine timing collection and preservation device includes a shell, a turntable, a rotating shaft, a timer and a sample collection tube, which is similar to the prior art Compared with that, the device provided by the present invention can not only effectively separate feces and urine, but also can be regularly collected and stored at a constant temperature for the separation and collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments. The test samples are preserved, the device is convenient to use, safe and reliable, low in cost, and easy to popularize and apply.

一种用于动物代谢实验粪尿自动分离与定时收集的装置A device for automatic separation and timing collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments

技术领域technical field

本发明属于动物实验器具技术领域，特别涉及一种用于动物代谢实验粪尿自动分离与定时收集的装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of animal experiment equipment, in particular to a device for automatic separation and timing collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments.

背景技术Background technique

动物代谢实验粪尿的收集一般采用密闭式饲养笼喂养，称为代谢笼法。代谢笼是专门用于收集实验动物排泄物质的饲养笼，用于实验动物的体内代谢实验，代谢笼的分离、收集装置可以实现实验动物粪尿的有效分离、定时、定温的收集和保存，从而研究各种物质及环境等对代谢动物体内代谢的影响。The collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments is generally fed in closed cages, which is called the metabolic cage method. The metabolic cage is a breeding cage specially used to collect the excreted substances of experimental animals. It is used for the in vivo metabolism experiment of experimental animals. The separation and collection device of the metabolic cage can realize the effective separation, collection and storage of feces and urine of experimental animals at a fixed time and at a fixed temperature, so that To study the effects of various substances and environments on the metabolism of metabolic animals.

在动物实验中，定时监测、收集实验动物代谢的粪、尿，并在一定温度条件下保存试样，对代谢实验检测结果的准确性有着直接影响。In animal experiments, regular monitoring and collection of feces and urine metabolized by experimental animals, and preservation of samples under certain temperature conditions have a direct impact on the accuracy of metabolic test results.

现有的实验动物代谢笼，有的装置粪尿虽然可以分离，但是分离得不彻底，有的装置使得实验动物的粪尿分离效果有所改善，如中国实用新型专利ZL200420027039、中国发明专利201310385276.1，但仍然存在粪尿不能定时收集、试样收集后保存条件的不稳定等问题。大大增加了实验人员的劳动强度以及降低了实验数据的准确度。In the existing metabolic cages for experimental animals, some devices can separate feces and urine, but the separation is not complete, and some devices can improve the separation effect of experimental animals, such as Chinese utility model patent ZL200420027039, Chinese invention patent 201310385276.1, However, there are still problems such as the inability to regularly collect feces and urine, and unstable storage conditions after sample collection. It greatly increases the labor intensity of the experimenters and reduces the accuracy of the experimental data.

基于现有装置存在的问题，因此现有技术当中亟需要新的技术方案能有效进行粪尿分离、自动定时收集及保存条件一致的装置，且造价低廉，适合一般大众使用，使其能方便地在实验室使用和用于相关企业中被使用。Based on the problems existing in the existing devices, there is an urgent need for a new technical solution in the prior art that can effectively separate feces and urine, collect automatically and regularly, and have consistent storage conditions. Used in laboratories and in related businesses.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明所要解决的技术问题是：针对现有实验动物代谢笼技术中存在的问题，提供一种既能有效进行粪尿分离，又能定时收集和定温保存的用于动物代谢实验粪尿分离收集的装置，使代谢粪尿分离更加有效，并能定时、定温收集和保存试验样品，装置使用方便化、安全可靠，成本低，易于推广应用。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: aiming at the problems existing in the existing laboratory animal metabolic cage technology, to provide a kind of feces and urine separation and collection that can not only effectively separate feces and urine, but also can be collected regularly and stored at a constant temperature for animal metabolism experiments. The device makes the separation of metabolic feces and urine more effective, and can collect and store test samples at a fixed time and at a constant temperature. The device is convenient to use, safe and reliable, low in cost, and easy to popularize and apply.

为实现上述技术目的，本发明采用的技术方案提供一种用于动物代谢实验粪尿自动分离与定时收集的装置，其特征是：包括支架、饲养笼、粪尿分离装置和粪尿收集保存装置，所述饲养笼固定于所述支架上，饲养笼底部为网栅；所述粪尿分离装置设置在所述饲养笼下方，粪尿分离装置包括粪便收集网栅和锥形斗状槽，在所述粪便收集网栅上分别装配有重量感应开关、微型循环式往复电机、粪便收集刮板，并且所述微型循环式往复电机分别与重量感应开关、粪便收集刮板连接；所述锥形斗状槽设置在支架上，位于粪便收集网栅下方，锥形斗状槽下端为开口结构，其下端出口通过法兰与排泄阀上端入口连接；所述声光控延迟开关设置在锥形斗状槽下端出口处，声光控延迟开关分别通过导线与真空泵及电磁阀Ⅰ连接；所述清洗导管一端与设置在锥形斗状槽上部的清洗喷嘴连接，另一端与水增压阀连接；所述排泄阀上设置有进气接头，进气接头通过通气管与可控单向阀连接；所述可控单向阀通过通气管分别与电磁阀Ⅰ和电磁阀Ⅱ连接；所述电磁阀Ⅱ与空气源压缩机连接；所述排泄阀下端出口通过法兰与真空尿液暂存器连接；所述真空泵一端与声光控延迟开关连接，另一端与真空尿液暂存器连接；所述真空尿液暂存器通过管路与尿液定时收集保存装置连接；所述尿液定时收集保存装置设置在可控恒温箱内，尿液定时收集保存装置包括壳体、转盘、旋转轴、定时器及样品收集管，所述定时器设置在壳体内部，其输出端与旋转轴连接；所述转盘套设在旋转轴上，所述样品收集管设置在转盘上；所述粪尿收集保存装置包括尿液定时收集保存装置及粪便样品收集器。In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted in the present invention provides a device for automatic separation and timing collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments, which is characterized in that it includes a bracket, a breeding cage, a feces and urine separation device, and a device for collecting and storing feces and urine , the breeding cage is fixed on the support, and the bottom of the raising cage is a grid; the excrement and urine separation device is arranged below the breeding cage, and the excrement and urine separation device includes a feces collection grid and a conical bucket-shaped groove. The feces collection grids are respectively equipped with a weight induction switch, a miniature circulation reciprocating motor, and an excrement collection scraper, and the miniature circulation reciprocation motor is connected with the weight induction switch and the excrement collection scraper respectively; the tapered bucket The trough is set on the bracket and is located below the feces collection grid. The lower end of the conical bucket-shaped trough is an open structure, and the outlet at the lower end is connected to the upper inlet of the discharge valve through a flange; At the outlet of the lower end of the tank, the acousto-optic control delay switch is respectively connected to the vacuum pump and solenoid valve I through wires; one end of the cleaning conduit is connected to the cleaning nozzle arranged on the upper part of the tapered bucket-shaped tank, and the other end is connected to the water booster valve; The discharge valve is provided with an air intake joint, which is connected to the controllable one-way valve through the air pipe; the controllable one-way valve is respectively connected to the solenoid valve I and the solenoid valve II through the air pipe; the solenoid valve II It is connected to the air source compressor; the outlet at the lower end of the discharge valve is connected to the vacuum urine temporary storage through a flange; one end of the vacuum pump is connected to the acousto-optic control delay switch, and the other end is connected to the vacuum urine temporary storage; The vacuum urine temporary storage device is connected with the urine timing collection and storage device through pipelines; the urine timing collection and storage device is arranged in a controllable thermostat box, and the urine timing collection and storage device includes a housing, a turntable, a rotating shaft, a timing and a sample collection tube, the timer is set inside the housing, and its output end is connected to the rotating shaft; the turntable is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the sample collection tube is set on the turntable; the excrement is collected and stored The device includes a urine timing collection and preservation device and a stool sample collector.

进一步，所述真空尿液暂存器与尿液定时收集保存装置之间设置有止回阀。Further, a check valve is set between the vacuum urine temporary storage and the urine timing collection and storage device.

进一步，所述可控恒温箱上设置有温度调节器。Further, the controllable thermostat is provided with a temperature regulator.

进一步，所述真空尿液暂存器通过管路与尿液定时收集保存装置上的样品收集管连接。Further, the vacuum urine temporary storage is connected with the sample collection tube on the urine timing collection and storage device through a pipeline.

通过上述设计方案，本发明可以带来如下有益效果：提供一种用于动物代谢实验粪尿自动分离与定时收集的装置实现粪尿更加有效的分离、定时、定温收集和保存功能。该装置不仅具有体积小，使用方便、成本低等优点，同时可以对不同种类动物代谢粪尿进行有效的分离、收集和保存，同时，该装置的运行过程，全部实现自动化，为实验结果的准确性提供了保障。而且，本装置可以根据实验动物的个体大小，简单的进行各机构的调整即可，移动位置方便，拆卸、维修简单，便于其在各个科研领域的广泛使用。Through the above-mentioned design scheme, the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects: provide a device for automatic separation and timing collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments to realize more effective separation, timing, constant temperature collection and preservation of feces and urine. The device not only has the advantages of small size, convenient use, and low cost, but also can effectively separate, collect and store the metabolic waste and urine of different kinds of animals. sex provides security. Moreover, the device can simply adjust each mechanism according to the individual size of the experimental animal, and the moving position is convenient, and the disassembly and maintenance are simple, which facilitates its wide use in various scientific research fields.

附图说明Description of drawings

以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment:

图1为本发明一种用于动物代谢实验粪尿自动分离与定时收集的装置结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for automatic separation and timing collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments according to the present invention.

图2为本发明一种用于动物代谢实验粪尿自动分离与定时收集的装置工作原理流程图。Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the working principle of a device for automatic separation and timing collection of excrement and urine in animal metabolism experiments according to the present invention.

图中：1-支架、2-饲养笼、3-粪便收集网栅、4-锥形斗状槽、5-重量感应开关、6-微型循环式往复电机、7-粪便收集刮板、8-排泄阀、9-声光控延迟开关、10-真空泵、11-电磁阀Ⅰ、12-清洗导管、13-清洗喷嘴、14-水增压阀、15-可控单向阀、16-电磁阀Ⅱ、17-真空尿液暂存器、18-尿液定时收集保存装置、19-止回阀。In the figure: 1-bracket, 2-breeding cage, 3-feces collection grid, 4-conical bucket-shaped groove, 5-weight sensor switch, 6-micro cycle reciprocating motor, 7-feces collection scraper, 8- Drain valve, 9-sound and light control delay switch, 10-vacuum pump, 11-solenoid valve Ⅰ, 12-cleaning conduit, 13-cleaning nozzle, 14-water booster valve, 15-controllable one-way valve, 16-solenoid valve Ⅱ, 17-vacuum urine temporary storage device, 18-urine timing collection and storage device, 19-check valve.

具体实施方式detailed description

如图1和图2所示，一种用于动物代谢实验粪尿自动分离与定时收集的装置，包括用于饲料动物的饲养笼2固定在支架1上，支架1可为整个装置提供稳固的支撑，粪便收集网栅3设置于饲养笼2下方，粪便收集刮板7与粪便收集网栅3呈垂直布置，并安装在粪便收集网栅3上，粪便收集刮板7与微型循环式往复电机6连接，可做往复式前后移动。微型循环式往复电机6由重量感应开关5控制，当有动物粪便掉落在粪便收集网栅3上，重量感应开关5即刻打开，并开动微型循环式往复电机6带动粪便收集刮板7移动，从而将掉落于粪便收集网栅3上的动物粪便及时收集，收集到粪便样品收集器中，收集完毕后，重量感应消失，粪便收集刮板7自动回复至初始位置。锥形斗状槽4设置在支架1上，位于粪便收集网栅3下方，与饲样笼2的底部对接。清洗用水经水增压阀14增压，通过清洗导管12与设置于锥形斗状槽4上部的清洗喷嘴13螺纹连接。所述锥形斗状槽4下端出口设置有声光控延迟开关9，当动物排泄尿液通过锥形斗槽4下端出口时，所述声光控延迟开关9打开，所述声光控延迟开关9用于控制真空泵10以及电磁阀Ⅰ11的开合。所述锥形斗状槽4下端出口与排泄阀8上端入口以法兰连接，分体式的设计更便于拆装、维修和清洗。所述排泄阀8设有进气接头，并通过塑料通气管与可控单向阀15连接，所述可控单向阀15由通气管连接到电磁阀I 11和电磁阀II 16。所述电磁阀II16用于为排泄阀8提供压缩空气，以控制排泄阀8的开闭。所述可控单向阀15在待机时反向是不能导通的，当实验动物尿液通过排泄阀8入口端时，所述声光控延迟开关9打开，电磁阀Ⅰ11得电打开，控制可控单向阀15反向导通，排泄阀8阀腔内的压缩空气通过可控单向阀15排出，此时，排泄阀8打开，尿液得以排出，此时，所述声光控延迟开关9在延迟设定时间后，自行关闭，电磁阀Ⅰ11关闭，所述电磁阀Ⅰ11关闭后，电磁阀II 16得电打开，压缩空气通过可控单向阀15进入排泄阀8阀腔，排泄阀8关闭，持续设定的时间后，电磁阀II 16失电关闭，排泄阀8阀腔内积聚的压缩空气可以使排泄阀8保持在关闭状态。所述排泄阀8下端出口与真空尿液暂存器17通过法兰连接，所述真空尿液暂存器17真空状态由真空泵10提供，所述真空泵10的开关，由所述声光控延迟开关9控制，当声光控延迟开关9打开，真空泵10开始工作，真空尿液暂存器17处于真空状态，实验动物尿液经由排泄阀8排出后快速进入真空尿液暂存器17中，声光控延迟开关9关闭，所述真空泵10停止工作，真空尿液暂存器17内真空状态解除，实验动物尿液以常压状态由止回阀19通过管路排出。所述管路与尿液定时收集保存装置18中样品收集管连接，尿液定时收集保存装置18包括壳体、转盘、旋转轴、定时器及样品收集管，所述定时器设置在壳体内部，其输出端与旋转轴连接；所述转盘套设在旋转轴上，样品收集管设置在转盘上；所述定时器驱动旋转轴转动，旋转轴带动转盘转动，从而带动样品收集管转动；从而保证尿液定时收集保存装置18由机械式自动定时旋转机构控制样品收集管旋转间隔时间，控制范围为1h～24h，所述尿液定时收集保存装置18放置在可控恒温箱内，可控恒温箱上设置有温度调节器，温度控制范围为-20℃～4℃。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a device for automatic separation and regular collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments includes a cage 2 for feeding animals fixed on a support 1, which can provide a stable support for the entire device. Support, the feces collection grid 3 is arranged below the breeding cage 2, the excrement collection scraper 7 is vertically arranged with the feces collection grid 3, and is installed on the feces collection grid 3, the excrement collection scraper 7 and the micro-cycle reciprocating motor 6 connections, can do reciprocating forward and backward movement. The miniature circulating reciprocating motor 6 is controlled by the weight sensing switch 5. When animal feces fall on the feces collection grid 3, the weight sensing switch 5 is turned on immediately, and the miniature circulating reciprocating motor 6 is driven to move the excrement collecting scraper 7. Thereby, the animal feces falling on the feces collection grid 3 are collected in time and collected in the feces sample collector. After the collection is completed, the weight induction disappears, and the feces collection scraper 7 automatically returns to the initial position. The tapered bucket-shaped groove 4 is arranged on the support 1 , located below the excrement collection grid 3 , and docked with the bottom of the feeding sample cage 2 . The cleaning water is pressurized through the water booster valve 14, and is threadedly connected with the cleaning nozzle 13 arranged on the top of the tapered bucket-shaped tank 4 through the cleaning conduit 12. The outlet of the lower end of the tapered bucket-shaped groove 4 is provided with an acousto-optic control delay switch 9. When the animal excretes urine through the lower end outlet of the tapered bucket groove 4, the acousto-optic control delay switch 9 is opened, and the acousto-optic control delay switch 9 is opened. 9 is used to control the opening and closing of the vacuum pump 10 and the solenoid valve I11. The outlet at the lower end of the tapered bucket-shaped groove 4 is flange-connected with the inlet at the upper end of the discharge valve 8, and the split design is more convenient for disassembly, maintenance and cleaning. The discharge valve 8 is provided with an air inlet joint, and is connected to a controllable one-way valve 15 through a plastic air pipe, and the controllable one-way valve 15 is connected to the solenoid valve I 11 and the solenoid valve II 16 through the air pipe. The solenoid valve II16 is used to provide compressed air to the discharge valve 8 to control the opening and closing of the discharge valve 8 . The controllable one-way valve 15 cannot be conducted in the reverse direction during standby. When the urine of the experimental animal passes through the inlet port of the excretion valve 8, the acousto-optic control delay switch 9 is opened, and the solenoid valve I11 is energized to open, and the control The controllable one-way valve 15 conducts reversely, and the compressed air in the valve cavity of the discharge valve 8 is discharged through the controllable one-way valve 15. At this time, the discharge valve 8 is opened, and the urine is discharged. At this time, the sound and light control delay The switch 9 closes automatically after a delay of the set time, and the solenoid valve I11 is closed. After the solenoid valve I11 is closed, the solenoid valve II16 is energized and opened, and the compressed air enters the valve cavity of the discharge valve 8 through the controllable one-way valve 15 to discharge The valve 8 is closed, and after the set time, the solenoid valve II 16 is de-energized and closed, and the compressed air accumulated in the valve chamber of the discharge valve 8 can keep the discharge valve 8 in a closed state. The outlet at the lower end of the discharge valve 8 is connected to the vacuum urine temporary storage 17 through a flange, and the vacuum state of the vacuum urine temporary storage 17 is provided by a vacuum pump 10, and the switch of the vacuum pump 10 is delayed by the sound and light control. The switch 9 controls, when the acousto-optic control delay switch 9 is turned on, the vacuum pump 10 starts to work, the vacuum urine temporary storage 17 is in a vacuum state, and the urine of the experimental animal enters the vacuum urine temporary storage 17 quickly after being discharged through the discharge valve 8. The acousto-optic control delay switch 9 is closed, the vacuum pump 10 stops working, the vacuum state in the vacuum urine temporary storage 17 is released, and the urine of the experimental animal is discharged through the pipeline through the check valve 19 at normal pressure. The pipeline is connected to the sample collection tube in the urine timing collection and storage device 18. The urine timing collection and storage device 18 includes a housing, a rotating disk, a rotating shaft, a timer and a sample collection tube, and the timer is arranged inside the housing , the output end of which is connected to the rotation shaft; the turntable is sleeved on the rotation shaft, and the sample collection tube is set on the turntable; the timer drives the rotation shaft to rotate, and the rotation shaft drives the turntable to rotate, thereby driving the sample collection tube to rotate; thus Ensure that the urine timing collection and storage device 18 is controlled by a mechanical automatic timing rotation mechanism to control the rotation interval of the sample collection tube, and the control range is 1h to 24h. The urine timing collection and storage device 18 is placed in a controllable thermostat box with a controllable constant temperature A temperature regulator is installed on the box, and the temperature control range is -20°C to 4°C.

综上所述，本发明的一种用于动物代谢实验粪尿自动分离与定时收集的装置既能有效进行粪尿分离，又能定时收集和定温保存的用于动物代谢实验粪尿分离收集的装置，使代谢粪尿分离更加有效，并能定时、定温收集和保存试验样品，装置使用方便化、安全可靠，成本低，易于推广应用。In summary, a device of the present invention for automatic separation and timing collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments can not only effectively separate feces and urine, but also can be collected regularly and stored at a constant temperature. It is used for the separation and collection of feces and urine in animal metabolism experiments The device makes the separation of metabolic feces and urine more effective, and can collect and store test samples at a fixed time and at a fixed temperature. The device is convenient to use, safe and reliable, low in cost, and easy to popularize and apply.