CN106077029A - Domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method and processing system - Google Patents

The present invention proposes domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method and processing system, and wherein, processing method includes: carry out house refuse sorting break process, in order to obtain rubbish from cooking and combustiblerefuse；Rubbish from cooking is carried out anaerobic fermentation process, in order to obtain biogas and residue；And combustiblerefuse is carried out carbonization process, in order to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solid.House refuse is divided into kitchen excess and combustiblerefuse by the domestic garbage resource integrated conduct method using the above embodiment of the present invention, and being respectively directed to property process, and then not only sufficiently achieved the harmless treatment of rubbish, non-secondary pollution, especially produce without two English, and reduction is good, resource level is high, and product economy is profitable.

Comprehensive treatment method and treatment system for recycling household garbage

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method and system.

Background

From the global perspective, with the continuous and high-speed increase of economy, the living standard of people is rapidly improved, the urbanization process is accelerated, but the environmental problems, especially the treatment of garbage, are becoming more serious. How to solve the problem of urban solid waste and a healthy and clean living environment for human beings have attracted global high attention. In 2010, the domestic garbage yield of China is 1.58 million tons, the accumulated stockpiled garbage around cities reaches 70 million tons, the occupied land is about 80 mu or more, and almost 2/3 cities in 661 cities are surrounded by the garbage, so that the environment is seriously damaged.

The domestic garbage treatment mode mainly comprises the methods of sanitary landfill, incineration, composting, pyrolysis, garbage comprehensive treatment and the like. Although the technology of landfill is simple and mature, the construction and operation cost is low, the treatment capacity is large, a large amount of land is occupied, the site selection consideration factor is very complex, the resource level is low, and the landfill leachate and methane treatment is difficult to some extent; the waste incineration is a process of carrying out high-temperature decomposition and deep oxidation on solid waste, has the advantages of volume reduction, large decrement, capability of recovering heat energy and the like, but has serious secondary pollution in incineration, particularly causes harm to the environment and human health due to dioxin in incineration smoke, and some incineration treatment projects have to stop construction because of strong objection of people; the garbage compost treatment is mainly applied to rural garbage, straw waste and vast middle and small cities with high organic matter content in China. Although the composting technology can effectively reduce volume and weight and achieve the effect of resource utilization, the compost has many problems due to the self limitation, such as poor raw material adaptability, serious heavy metal pollution problem, poor compost product sales and the like.

Domestic garbage in China mainly comes from daily living of family life, food residues of diet, various devices, packaging bags and packaging paper of articles, waste paper and textiles in large batches, waste metal and the like, and the garbage is complex in component and is mostly mixed garbage. At present, the garbage disposal is mainly performed by sanitary landfill and is assisted by modes of garbage incineration, composting and the like. Among them, the incineration of garbage is mostly applied to economically developed areas in the south, while most areas in the north adopt landfill disposal. The garbage disposal method which only adopts a single disposal mode to dispose the garbage or combines the landfill and the incineration can not effectively carry out the complete harmless and quantitative reduction treatment aiming at the characteristics of the garbage, or has low recycling level, or can not achieve good disposal effect when the secondary pollution is serious. Therefore, aiming at the characteristics of domestic garbage in China, a novel comprehensive treatment method is adopted to achieve the purposes of fully recycling, reducing and harmlessly treating all components in the garbage.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method and a comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system, and the method and the system can be used for effectively realizing harmless treatment of household garbage.

According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method, which comprises the following steps:

sorting and crushing the household garbage to obtain kitchen garbage and combustible garbage;

carrying out anaerobic fermentation treatment on the kitchen waste so as to obtain methane and residues;

carrying out dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment on the combustible garbage so as to obtain smoke, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solids; and

and using the marsh gas as fuel gas for the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment.

By adopting the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the household garbage is divided into kitchen residues and combustible garbage and is respectively treated in a targeted manner, so that the harmless treatment of the garbage is fully achieved, no secondary pollution is caused, particularly no dioxin is generated, the reduction effect is good, the recycling level is high, and the economic benefit of the product is good.

In addition, the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method according to the embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:

in some embodiments of the invention, the flue gas provides heat for the anaerobic fermentation process.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the processing method of the above embodiments further comprises: percolating the domestic garbage in a material pit in advance to separate percolate;

and carrying out the anaerobic fermentation treatment on the percolate.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the processing method of the above embodiments further comprises: condensing and purifying the pyrolysis oil gas so as to respectively obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas;

returning the pyrolysis gas as fuel gas for the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment,

in some embodiments of the present invention, the processing method of the above embodiments further comprises: the residual solids are subjected to a sorting process to obtain carbon black and ash.

In some embodiments of the present invention, before subjecting the combustible waste to destructive distillation pyrolysis treatment, further comprises: and carrying out molding treatment on the combustible garbage.

In some embodiments of the invention, the combustible refuse after shaping treatment has an average particle size of 10 to 100 mm.

In some embodiments of the invention, the anaerobic fermentation treatment is at a temperature of 35-45 ℃ for a period of 15-20 days.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a household garbage recycling comprehensive treatment system, comprising:

the sorting and crushing device is provided with a household garbage inlet, a kitchen garbage outlet and a combustible garbage outlet;

the anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with a kitchen waste inlet, a methane outlet and a residue outlet, and the kitchen waste inlet is connected with the kitchen waste outlet;

the dry distillation pyrolysis furnace is provided with a fuel gas inlet, a combustible garbage inlet, a flue gas outlet, a pyrolysis oil gas outlet and a residual solid outlet, and the combustible garbage inlet is connected with the combustible garbage outlet; and

the methane outlet is connected with a fuel gas inlet for the dry distillation pyrolysis furnace.

By adopting the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the household garbage is divided into kitchen residues and combustible garbage and is respectively treated in a targeted manner, so that the harmless treatment of the garbage is fully achieved, no secondary pollution is caused, particularly no dioxin is generated, the reduction effect is good, the recycling level is high, and the economic benefit of the product is good.

In addition, the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:

in some embodiments of the invention, the flue gas outlet is connected to the anaerobic fermentor.

In some embodiments of the invention, the processing system of the above embodiment further comprises: the material pit is provided with a primary domestic garbage inlet, a percolate outlet and a domestic garbage outlet, the domestic garbage outlet is connected with the domestic garbage inlet, and the percolate outlet is connected with the anaerobic fermentation tank.

In some embodiments of the invention, the processing system of the above embodiment further comprises:

the condensing device is provided with a pyrolysis oil gas inlet, a pyrolysis oil outlet and a pyrolysis gas outlet, and the pyrolysis oil gas inlet is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas outlet;

and the purification device is provided with a pyrolysis gas inlet and a pure pyrolysis gas outlet, the pyrolysis gas inlet is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet, and the pure pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with the fuel gas inlet of the dry distillation pyrolysis furnace.

In some embodiments of the invention, the processing system of the above embodiment further comprises: a sorting device having a residual solids inlet, a carbon black outlet, and an ash outlet, the residual solids inlet being connected to the residual solids outlet.

In some embodiments of the invention, the processing system of the above embodiment further comprises: and the forming device is respectively connected with the combustible garbage outlet and the combustible garbage inlet.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a comprehensive household garbage recycling method according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a household garbage recycling comprehensive treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a household garbage recycling comprehensive treatment system according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method, which comprises the following steps: sorting and crushing the household garbage to obtain kitchen garbage and combustible garbage; carrying out anaerobic fermentation treatment on the kitchen waste so as to obtain methane and residues; and carrying out dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment on the combustible garbage so as to obtain smoke, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solids.

According to the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention, household garbage is divided into kitchen garbage and combustible garbage, and further, anaerobic fermentation treatment is adopted aiming at the characteristics of high water content and high putrescibility of the kitchen garbage, so that the kitchen garbage can be effectively treated, and reusable biogas is generated; the combustible garbage is subjected to destructive distillation and pyrolysis treatment, so that dioxin can be effectively prevented from being generated, and recyclable products such as pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and carbon black can be obtained. Therefore, the comprehensive treatment method for recycling household garbage provided by the embodiment of the invention not only fully achieves harmless treatment of garbage, has no secondary pollution, especially no dioxin, but also has good reduction effect, high recycling level and good economic benefit of products.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the comprehensive treatment method for recycling household garbage according to the embodiment of the invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.

S100: pretreatment of household garbage

According to the embodiment of the invention, the household garbage is firstly subjected to sorting and crushing treatment so as to obtain kitchen garbage and combustible garbage.

According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the sorting and crushing treatment can be carried out by breaking the dehydrated garbage into bags by using a bag breaking machine, then sorting the garbage into kitchen garbage, combustible garbage, metal and residue soil, and crushing the kitchen garbage and the combustible garbage respectively.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sorting process may include one or more of magnetic sorting, vibratory screening, and drum screening; the crushing device is 2-3 grade in the crushing process, and the crushing grain size is 10mm-80 mm. The combustible garbage obtained by sorting can comprise plastics, rubber, paper, fabrics and the like.

The comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method according to the specific embodiment of the invention can further comprise the following steps: percolating domestic garbage in a material pit in advance to separate percolate; and (4) performing anaerobic fermentation treatment on the percolate. Therefore, the water content of the garbage can be effectively reduced through the pre-stage pile filtration of the garbage, so that the water content of the combustible garbage obtained by subsequent separation can be reduced, and the energy consumption of destructive distillation pyrolysis treatment is reduced. Meanwhile, the separated percolate can be collected and then separated to obtain kitchen garbage for anaerobic fermentation treatment together, so that the problem of difficult sewage treatment can be avoided, a more favorable environment can be provided for anaerobic fermentation, and the anaerobic fermentation efficiency is improved.

Specifically, the domestic garbage can be subjected to percolation treatment before being subjected to sorting and crushing treatment, namely the domestic garbage is poured into a material pit through a discharging platform and stays in the pit for 1-7 days to ensure that the domestic garbage is fully dehydrated and mixed, and the water content of the percolated domestic garbage is lower than 25%.

S200: anaerobic fermentation treatment

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the kitchen waste obtained by the sorting and crushing treatment is further subjected to an anaerobic fermentation treatment to obtain biogas and residue. Therefore, aiming at the characteristics of high water content and more easily-rotten substances of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste can be better treated by adopting anaerobic fermentation treatment, and the treatment efficiency is further improved.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the temperature for anaerobic fermentation treatment of the kitchen waste can be 35-45 ℃, the time can be 15-20 days, and then the organic matters can be fully degraded by microorganisms into digested sludge with stable properties and generate biogas, so that the anaerobic fermentation treatment efficiency is further improved.

S300: destructive distillation pyrolysis treatment

According to the specific embodiment of the invention, further, the combustible waste obtained by the sorting and crushing treatment is subjected to dry distillation pyrolysis treatment so as to obtain flue gas, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solids. Therefore, the generation of dioxin pollutants can be effectively avoided by adopting destructive distillation pyrolysis treatment. Therefore, the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention is safer, more environment-friendly and more harmless.

According to the embodiment of the invention, before the combustible garbage is subjected to destructive distillation pyrolysis treatment, the method further comprises the following steps: and (4) performing molding treatment on the combustible garbage. Therefore, the heat conduction of the materials can be improved, and the pyrolysis uniformity is improved, so that the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment efficiency is further improved. According to the specific example of the invention, the pulverized combustible garbage can be compressed and molded into a rod shape, a cake shape or a granular shape by the garbage molding device to be used as a dry distillation pyrolysis raw material, and the average particle diameter of the molded combustible garbage can be 10-100mm, so that the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment efficiency can be obviously improved.

S400: resource recycling

The comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method according to the specific embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps: condensing and purifying the pyrolysis oil gas so as to respectively obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas; returning the pyrolysis gas as fuel gas for dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment. Therefore, the pyrolysis gas generated by the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment can be returned for use, and the energy consumption of the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment can be further reduced.

The comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method according to the specific embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps: the residual solids are subjected to a classification process to obtain carbon black and ash. Among them, carbon black can be sold as a solid fuel or a reducing agent.

The comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method according to the specific embodiment of the invention further comprises the following steps: the biogas is used as fuel gas for dry distillation pyrolysis treatment, and meanwhile, the flue gas generated by the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment can be used for anaerobic fermentation treatment, so that heat is provided for the anaerobic fermentation treatment. Therefore, the biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation treatment of the kitchen garbage and the smoke generated by destructive distillation pyrolysis treatment of the combustible garbage are mutually utilized by the inventor, so that not only is the resource maximally utilized, but also the emission of the smoke and the waste of heat are reduced.

Specifically, the formed combustible garbage is fed into a dry distillation pyrolysis furnace, and the biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation treatment and the pyrolysis gas generated by dry distillation pyrolysis treatment are used for providing a heat source to gradually heat the materials in the dry distillation pyrolysis furnace to 600-850 ℃ for 0.5-3 h. Therefore, the combustible garbage is subjected to dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment without additionally providing a heat source, and the treatment energy consumption of the domestic garbage is obviously reduced.

The product of the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises metal, muck, digested sludge, pyrolysis oil and garbage charcoal. Wherein, the metal is collected and sold; the residue soil comprises pretreatment unit residue soil and dry distillation pyrolysis unit ash soil, and is buried after being collected; the digested sludge is sold as a fertilizer; the pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or chemical raw materials; the garbage carbon is sold as solid fuel or reducing agent.

By adopting the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the household garbage is divided into kitchen garbage and combustible garbage and further treated respectively, so that the moisture content of the combustible garbage in the garbage can be reduced, and the yield of oil, gas and carbon is improved; the kitchen garbage can be subjected to anaerobic fermentation to obtain fertilizer and biogas, the biogas generated by fermentation and pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis can be used as heat sources for dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment, and the waste heat of flue gas generated by dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment provides heat energy for anaerobic fermentation, so that the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation is kept at 35-45 ℃.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides a household garbage recycling comprehensive treatment system, as shown in fig. 2, including: the device comprises a sorting and crushing device 10, an anaerobic fermentation tank 20 and a dry distillation pyrolysis furnace 30, wherein the sorting and crushing device 10 is provided with a household garbage inlet 11, a kitchen garbage outlet 12 and a combustible garbage outlet 13; the anaerobic fermentation tank 20 is provided with a kitchen waste inlet 21, a biogas outlet 22 and a residue outlet 23, wherein the kitchen waste inlet 21 is connected with the kitchen waste outlet 12; and the dry distillation pyrolysis furnace 30 is provided with a fuel gas inlet 31, a combustible garbage inlet 32, a flue gas outlet 33, a pyrolysis oil gas outlet 34 and a residual solid outlet 35, wherein the combustible garbage inlet 32 is connected with the combustible garbage outlet 13.

By adopting the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the household garbage is sorted and crushed in the sorting and crushing device 10 so as to obtain kitchen garbage and combustible garbage; anaerobic fermentation treatment of the kitchen waste in an anaerobic fermentation tank 20 to obtain biogas and residues; and performing dry distillation pyrolysis treatment on the combustible garbage in a dry distillation pyrolysis furnace 30 so as to obtain smoke, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solids.

Therefore, the household garbage recycling comprehensive treatment system provided by the embodiment of the invention divides the household garbage into kitchen garbage and combustible garbage, and further treats the kitchen garbage by adopting anaerobic fermentation aiming at the characteristics of high water content and high putrescibility of the kitchen garbage, so that the kitchen garbage can be effectively treated, and the recyclable biogas is generated; the combustible garbage is treated by the dry distillation pyrolysis furnace, so that dioxin can be effectively prevented from being generated, and recyclable products such as pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and carbon black can be obtained. Therefore, the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system provided by the embodiment of the invention not only fully achieves harmless treatment of garbage, has no secondary pollution, especially no dioxin, but also has good reduction effect, high recycling level and good product economic benefit.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the comprehensive household garbage recycling system according to the embodiment of the invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 3.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the sorting and crushing device 10 has a domestic waste inlet 11, a kitchen waste outlet 12 and a combustible waste outlet 13. According to the embodiment of the invention, the household garbage is first subjected to sorting and crushing treatment in the sorting and crushing device 10 so as to obtain kitchen garbage and combustible garbage.

According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the sorting and crushing device can be a bag breaking machine, the bag breaking machine is adopted in advance to break the dehydrated garbage into bags for sorting, the garbage is sorted into kitchen garbage, combustible garbage, metal and residue soil, and the crusher is used for crushing the kitchen garbage and the combustible garbage respectively.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sorting process may include one or more of magnetic sorting, vibratory screening, and drum screening; the crushing device is 2-3 grade in the crushing process, and the crushing grain size is 10mm-80 mm. The combustible garbage obtained by sorting can comprise plastics, rubber, paper, fabrics and the like.

The comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system according to the specific embodiment of the invention can further comprise: the material pit 40, the material pit 40 has the primary domestic waste entry 41, filtration liquid export 42 and domestic waste export 43, and domestic waste export 43 links to each other with domestic waste entry 11, and filtration liquid export 42 links to each other with anaerobic fermentation tank 20. Further, the domestic garbage is subjected to percolation treatment in the material pit 40 in advance so as to separate percolate; and (4) performing anaerobic fermentation treatment on the percolate.

Therefore, the water content of the garbage can be effectively reduced through the pre-stage pile filtration of the garbage, so that the water content of the combustible garbage obtained by subsequent separation can be reduced, and the energy consumption of destructive distillation pyrolysis treatment is reduced. Meanwhile, the separated percolate can be collected and then separated to obtain kitchen garbage for anaerobic fermentation treatment together, so that the problem of difficult sewage treatment can be avoided, a more favorable environment can be provided for anaerobic fermentation, and the anaerobic fermentation efficiency is improved.

Specifically, the domestic garbage can be subjected to percolation treatment before being subjected to sorting and crushing treatment, namely the domestic garbage is poured into a material pit through a discharging platform and stays in the pit for 1-7 days to ensure that the domestic garbage is fully dehydrated and mixed, and the water content of the percolated domestic garbage is lower than 25%.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the anaerobic fermentation tank 20 has a kitchen waste inlet 21, a biogas outlet 22 and a residue outlet 23, the kitchen waste inlet 21 being connected to the kitchen waste outlet 12. Further, the kitchen garbage processed by the sorting and crushing apparatus 10 is subjected to anaerobic fermentation in an anaerobic fermentation tank 20 to obtain biogas and residue.

Therefore, aiming at the characteristics of high water content and more easily-rotten substances of the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste can be better treated by adopting anaerobic fermentation treatment, and the treatment efficiency is further improved.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of anaerobic fermentation treatment in the anaerobic fermentation tank can be 35-45 ℃, the time can be 15-20 days, and then organic matters can be fully degraded by microorganisms into digested sludge with stable properties and generate biogas, so that the anaerobic fermentation treatment efficiency is further improved.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the dry distillation pyrolysis furnace 30 is provided with a fuel gas inlet 31, a combustible garbage inlet 32, a flue gas outlet 33, a pyrolysis oil gas outlet 34 and a residual solid outlet 35, wherein the combustible garbage inlet 32 is connected with the combustible garbage outlet 13. And then, the combustible garbage obtained by the separation and crushing device 10 is subjected to dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment in a dry distillation and pyrolysis furnace 30 so as to obtain smoke, pyrolysis oil gas and residual solids.

Therefore, the combustible garbage is pyrolyzed by the dry distillation pyrolysis furnace to be treated, so that dioxin pollutants can be effectively avoided. Therefore, the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system is safer, more environment-friendly and more harmless.

The comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system according to the specific embodiment of the invention can further comprise: and the forming device 50 is connected with the combustible garbage outlet 13 and the combustible garbage inlet 32 respectively, and the forming device 50 is connected with the combustible garbage outlet 13 and the combustible garbage inlet 32 respectively. Further, the combustible waste is molded in advance in the molding device 50 before entering the retort pyrolysis furnace 30. Therefore, the heat conduction of the materials can be improved, and the pyrolysis uniformity is improved, so that the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment efficiency is further improved.

According to the specific example of the invention, the pulverized combustible garbage can be compressed and molded into a rod shape, a cake shape or a granular shape by the garbage molding device to be used as a dry distillation pyrolysis raw material, and the average particle diameter of the molded combustible garbage can be 10-100mm, so that the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment efficiency can be obviously improved.

The comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system according to the specific embodiment of the invention further comprises: the device comprises a condensing device 60 and a purifying device 70, wherein the condensing device 60 is provided with a pyrolysis oil gas inlet 61, a pyrolysis oil outlet 62 and a pyrolysis gas outlet 63, and the pyrolysis oil gas inlet 61 is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas outlet 34; the purification device 70 is provided with a pyrolysis gas inlet 71 and a pure pyrolysis gas outlet 72, the pyrolysis gas inlet 71 is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet 63, and the pure pyrolysis gas outlet 72 is connected with the fuel gas inlet 31 of the dry distillation pyrolysis furnace 30. Further, the pyrolysis oil gas is sequentially condensed and purified in the condensing device 60 and the purifying device 70, so as to obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas respectively; returning the pyrolysis gas as fuel gas for dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment. Therefore, the pyrolysis gas generated by the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment can be returned for use, and the energy consumption of the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment can be further reduced.

The comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system according to the specific embodiment of the invention further comprises: a sorting device 80, the sorting device 80 having a residual solids inlet 81, a carbon black outlet 82 and an ash outlet 83, the residual solids inlet 81 being connected to the residual solids outlet 35. Further, the combustible refuse is subjected to a sorting treatment in a sorting device 80 to obtain carbon black and ash. Among them, carbon black can be sold as a solid fuel or a reducing agent.

The comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system according to the specific embodiment of the invention further comprises: the biogas outlet 22 is connected to a fuel gas inlet 31 for the retort pyrolysis furnace 30, and the flue gas outlet 33 is connected to the anaerobic fermentation tank 20. Furthermore, the biogas is used as fuel gas for dry distillation pyrolysis treatment, and meanwhile, the flue gas generated by the dry distillation pyrolysis treatment can be used for anaerobic fermentation treatment, so that heat is provided for the anaerobic fermentation treatment. Therefore, the biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation treatment of the kitchen garbage and the smoke generated by destructive distillation pyrolysis treatment of the combustible garbage are mutually utilized by the inventor, so that not only is the resource maximally utilized, but also the emission of the smoke and the waste of heat are reduced.

Specifically, the formed combustible garbage is fed into a dry distillation pyrolysis furnace, and the biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation treatment and the pyrolysis gas generated by dry distillation pyrolysis treatment are used for providing a heat source to gradually heat the materials in the dry distillation pyrolysis furnace to 600-850 ℃ for 0.5-3 h. Therefore, the combustible garbage is subjected to dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment without additionally providing a heat source, and the treatment energy consumption of the domestic garbage is obviously reduced.

The output of the household garbage recycling comprehensive treatment system comprises metal, muck, digested sludge, pyrolysis oil and garbage charcoal. Wherein, the metal is collected and sold; the residue soil comprises pretreatment unit residue soil and dry distillation pyrolysis unit ash soil, and is buried after being collected; the digested sludge is sold as a fertilizer; the pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or chemical raw materials; the garbage carbon is sold as solid fuel or reducing agent.

By adopting the comprehensive household garbage recycling treatment system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the household garbage is divided into kitchen garbage and combustible garbage and further treated respectively, so that the moisture content of the combustible garbage in the garbage can be reduced, and the yield of oil, gas and carbon is improved; the kitchen garbage can be subjected to anaerobic fermentation to obtain fertilizer and biogas, the biogas generated by fermentation and pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis can be used as heat sources for dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment, and the waste heat of flue gas generated by dry distillation and pyrolysis treatment provides heat energy for anaerobic fermentation, so that the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation is kept at 35-45 ℃.

The household garbage recycling comprehensive treatment method and the household garbage recycling comprehensive treatment system provided by the embodiment of the invention have at least one of the following advantages:

(1) aiming at the characteristic that most domestic garbage in cities in China is mixed garbage, the domestic garbage is separated into kitchen garbage, combustible garbage, metal and muck by means of crushing and screening, the separation process is simple, and the classification is scientific and reasonable;

(2) aiming at the characteristic of high water content of domestic garbage in China, after the garbage enters a factory, the garbage is firstly piled and filtered in a garbage pit, so that the moisture in the garbage is effectively reduced, the yield of pyrolysis products is improved, meanwhile, the leachate is recharged to an anaerobic fermentation unit, the problem of difficult garbage sewage treatment is avoided, and in addition, the recharged leachate also plays a role in adjusting the fermentation water content, so that the biological treatment efficiency is improved;

(3) combustible garbage is pretreated before entering a furnace, and dispersed garbage is formed into a rod shape, a cake shape or a granular shape, so that the bulk density of the garbage is increased, the garbage is more convenient to feed and uniformly spread, and the garbage treatment capacity is improved;

(4) the combustible garbage is treated by adopting the dry distillation pyrolysis method, the garbage is changed into pyrolysis gas, coke and pyrolysis oil, the recycling level is high, the secondary pollution in the process is small, and the zero emission of dioxin is realized;

(5) the generated biogas and the garbage pyrolysis gas with low calorific value are used as fuel gas to provide energy for garbage pyrolysis, so that the energy self-sufficiency of the system is ensured, and the operation cost is greatly reduced;

(6) the pyrolysis product comprises pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and garbage carbon, can be used as fuel and can also be sold as industrial raw materials, is convenient to store and transport, and has better economic value than power generation;

(7) the flue gas generated by pyrolysis is recycled to the anaerobic fermentation system, and the heat of the flue gas is utilized to keep sufficient temperature condition for fermentation, so that the problem of flue gas emission is solved, the waste heat of the flue gas is utilized, and the energy consumption of the system is saved.

Example 1

The composition of the raw material is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 composition of household garbage (wt%)

A. Garbage pretreatment: obtaining anaerobic fermentation and dry distillation pyrolysis raw materials by means of sorting, screening, crushing, forming and the like according to the characteristics of the mixed garbage;

(1) storing the household garbage: and (3) dumping the garbage entering the factory into a garbage pit through a dumping platform, and staying in the pit for 3 days to ensure that the garbage is fully dehydrated and mixed, wherein the water content of the garbage after percolation is lower than 25%. And the separated sewage is collected and sent into an anaerobic fermentation unit for anaerobic fermentation.

(2) Sorting and crushing: and (3) sorting the dewatered garbage after the bag breaking machine is adopted to break the bag, sorting the garbage into kitchen wastes, combustible garbage, metal and residue soil, and crushing the kitchen wastes and the combustible garbage respectively.

The sorting process sequentially comprises magnetic sorting, vibration screening and drum screening; the crushing device is 2-3 grade in the crushing process, and the crushing grain size is 10mm-80 mm; the combustible garbage comprises one or more of plastic, rubber, paper, fabric and other substances.

(3) Combustible garbage forming: and (3) compressing and molding the crushed combustible garbage into a rod shape by a garbage molding device, wherein the rod shape is used as a dry distillation pyrolysis raw material, and the compression particle size range is 10-100 mm.

B. An anaerobic fermentation unit: mixing the kitchen residues and the sewage to prepare slurry, conveying the slurry into a fermentation tank, introducing flue gas generated by garbage pyrolysis into a fermentation system, maintaining the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃ by using heat in the flue gas for anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation retention time is 15 days, organic matters are degraded into digested sludge with stable properties by microorganisms to generate biogas, and the biogas is stored in a gas tank and used for dry distillation pyrolysis fuel.

C. A dry distillation pyrolysis unit: and feeding the formed combustible into a dry distillation pyrolysis furnace, and adopting methane generated by an anaerobic fermentation unit and pyrolysis gas of a dry distillation pyrolysis product to supply heat to gradually heat the materials in the furnace to 700 ℃ and stay for 1 h. Gaseous substances generated by pyrolysis are cooled by a condensing device, and condensable liquid in the gaseous substances is condensed to obtain pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis gas which is still gas after condensation and temperature reduction is stored in a gas tank after being purified (decoking, desulfurization and denitration) and is used as a dry distillation pyrolysis raw material. The discharged solid garbage carbon is collected after being quenched and cooled, and the discharged flue gas is introduced into an anaerobic fermentation unit to provide heat for fermentation.

D. Collecting and processing products: the product of the invention comprises metal, muck, digested sludge, pyrolysis oil and garbage carbon. Wherein,collecting and selling the metal; the residue soil comprises pretreatment unit residue soil and dry distillation pyrolysis unit ash soil, and is buried after being collected; the digested sludge is sold as a fertilizer; the pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or chemical raw materials; the garbage carbon is sold as solid fuel or reducing agent; one part of the pyrolysis gas is used as fuel gas to be supplied to the pyrolysis and dry distillation device, the other part of the pyrolysis gas is used as a product to be sold, and 200Nm of combustible gas can be produced by each ton of garbage³The composition and calorific value are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 combustible gas composition and calorific value

Example 2

The composition of the raw material used was as shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 composition of household garbage (wt%)

A. Garbage pretreatment: obtaining anaerobic fermentation and dry distillation pyrolysis raw materials by means of sorting, screening, crushing, forming and the like according to the characteristics of the mixed garbage;

(1) storing the household garbage: and (3) dumping the garbage entering the factory into a garbage pit through a dumping platform, and staying in the pit for 6 days to ensure that the garbage is fully dehydrated and mixed, wherein the water content of the garbage after percolation is lower than 25%. And the separated sewage is collected and sent into an anaerobic fermentation unit for anaerobic fermentation.

(2) Sorting and crushing: and (3) sorting the dewatered garbage after the bag breaking machine is adopted to break the bag, sorting the garbage into kitchen wastes, combustible garbage, metal and residue soil, and crushing the kitchen wastes and the combustible garbage respectively.

The sorting process sequentially comprises magnetic sorting, vibration screening and drum screening; the crushing device is 2-3 grade in the crushing process, and the crushing grain size is 10mm-80 mm; the combustible garbage comprises one or more of plastic, rubber, paper, fabric and other substances.

(3) Combustible garbage forming: and (3) compressing and molding the crushed combustible garbage into cakes through garbage molding equipment, wherein the cakes are used as dry distillation pyrolysis raw materials, and the compression particle size range is 10-100 mm.

B. An anaerobic fermentation unit: mixing the kitchen residues and the sewage to prepare slurry, conveying the slurry into a fermentation tank, introducing flue gas generated by garbage pyrolysis into a fermentation system, maintaining the fermentation temperature at 45 ℃ by using heat in the flue gas for anaerobic fermentation, wherein the fermentation retention time is 20 days, organic matters are degraded into digested sludge with stable properties by microorganisms to generate biogas, and the biogas is stored in a gas tank and used for dry distillation pyrolysis fuel.

C. A dry distillation pyrolysis unit: and feeding the formed combustible into a dry distillation pyrolysis furnace, and adopting methane generated by an anaerobic fermentation unit and pyrolysis gas of a dry distillation pyrolysis product to provide a heat source so as to gradually heat the materials in the furnace to 800 ℃ and stay for 2 hours. Gaseous substances generated by pyrolysis are cooled by a condensing device, and condensable liquid in the gaseous substances is condensed to obtain pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis gas which is still gas after condensation and temperature reduction is stored in a gas tank after being purified (decoking, desulfurization and denitration) and is used as a dry distillation pyrolysis raw material. The discharged solid garbage carbon is collected after being quenched and cooled, and the discharged flue gas is introduced into an anaerobic fermentation unit to provide heat for fermentation.

D. Collecting and processing products: the product of the invention comprises metal, muck, digested sludge, pyrolysis oil and garbage carbon. Wherein, the metal is collected and sold; the residue soil comprises pretreatment unit residue soil and dry distillation pyrolysis unit ash soil, and is buried after being collected; the digested sludge is sold as a fertilizer; the pyrolysis oil is sold as fuel oil or chemical raw materials; the garbage carbon is sold as solid fuel or reducing agent; one part of the pyrolysis gas is used as fuel gas to be supplied to the pyrolysis and carbonization device, the other part of the pyrolysis gas is used as a product to be sold, and each ton of garbage can produce 180Nm combustible gas³The composition and calorific value are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 combustible gas composition and calorific value

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.