CN106267497B - A kind of high-accuracy ventilation flow rate control system and medical breathing machine - Google Patents

The invention discloses a kind of high-accuracy ventilation flow rate control system and medical breathing machines, it includes pedestal, and left upper end is provided with threeway seat；Threeway seat upper end is provided with threeway；Threeway includes the liberation port of the air inlet of left end, the pneumostome of upper end and right end；Threeway is fixed on by anchor ear on threeway seat；The upper right side of pedestal is provided with electric machine support；Electric machine support right end is provided with stepper motor；Stepper motor left end is connected with ball screw；Impeller-hub is connected on ball screw；The left end of impeller-hub is provided with the piston being connected to each other with liberation port；Piston is truncated cone-shaped structure, and is coaxial arrangement between liberation port.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-accuracy ventilation flow rate control system and medical breathing machines, it is simple in structure, production cost is low, noise is small, gradually can adjust and maintain release gas discharge area, pressure and flow to lung ventilator realize accurate control, by pressure and flow-rate adjustment to optimum state, the therapeutic effect of lung ventilator is improved.

一种高精密通气流量控制系统及医用呼吸机A high-precision ventilation flow control system and medical ventilator

技术领域technical field

本发明属于医疗器械领域，具体为一种高精密通气流量控制系统及医用呼吸机。The invention belongs to the field of medical devices, in particular to a high-precision ventilation flow control system and a medical ventilator.

背景技术Background technique

在现代临床医学中，呼吸机作为一项能人工替代自主通气功能的有效手段，已普遍用于各种原因所致的呼吸衰竭、大手术期间的麻醉呼吸管理、呼吸支持治疗和急救复苏中，在现代医学领域内占有十分重要的位置。呼吸机是一种能够起到预防和治疗呼吸衰竭，减少并发症，挽救及延长病人生命的至关重要的医疗设备。In modern clinical medicine, the ventilator, as an effective means of artificially replacing the spontaneous ventilation function, has been widely used in respiratory failure caused by various reasons, anesthesia respiratory management during major surgery, respiratory support treatment and emergency resuscitation. It occupies a very important position in the field of modern medicine. Ventilator is a vital medical equipment that can prevent and treat respiratory failure, reduce complications, save and prolong the life of patients.

传统的呼吸机大多采用比例阀对输出压力及流量进行控制，其缺点在于，结构复杂，生产成本高，释放口的气体排放面积不可调，压力及流量的控制精度低；此外，大多数比例阀使用噪声较大的电磁阀来对释放口进行控制，影响病人的休息；同时当患者流速或压力需求量比较小时，无法快速排除患者呼出的气体，使得病人呼气时压力偏离了设定值，影响治疗效果。Most traditional ventilators use proportional valves to control the output pressure and flow. The disadvantages are that the structure is complex, the production cost is high, the gas discharge area of the release port cannot be adjusted, and the control accuracy of pressure and flow is low; in addition, most proportional valves Use a noisy solenoid valve to control the release port, which affects the patient's rest; at the same time, when the patient's flow rate or pressure demand is relatively small, the gas exhaled by the patient cannot be quickly removed, so that the pressure deviates from the set value when the patient exhales. affect the therapeutic effect.

通过专利检索，可得到以下对比文件：Through patent search, the following comparative documents can be obtained:

专利1：Patent 1:

申请号：CN201110310467.2，申请日：2011.10.13，申请人:苏州凯迪泰医学科技有限公司，公开日：2012.06.20。本发明公开了一种电磁控制三通流量阀及医用呼吸机，电磁控制三通流量阀包括气源口、释放口和呼吸口。气源口与呼吸口之间设置有吸气阀门，呼吸口与释放口之间设置有呼气阀门，吸气阀门和呼气阀门以联动关系进行调节，吸气阀门和呼气阀门均为镂空圆筒嵌套结构，包括嵌套在一起的固定筒和滑动筒，吸气阀门和呼气阀门的滑动筒连接有电磁驱动器，以实现对吸气阀门和呼气阀门开启程度的同步控制。医用呼吸机连接有上述的电磁控制三通流量阀后，可以通过调节吸气阀门和呼气阀门的开启程度，对吸气和呼气的压力和流量进行控制，从而在吸气和呼气阶段维持适当压力或流量，实现医用呼吸机双水平的压力控制和流量控制，结构简单、使用方便、控制精确、节省功耗。Application number: CN201110310467.2, application date: 2011.10.13, applicant: Suzhou Kaiditai Medical Technology Co., Ltd., public date: 2012.06.20. The invention discloses an electromagnetically controlled three-way flow valve and a medical ventilator. The electromagnetically controlled three-way flow valve comprises an air source port, a release port and a breathing port. There is an inhalation valve between the air source port and the exhalation port, and an exhalation valve between the exhalation port and the release port. The inhalation valve and the exhalation valve are adjusted in a linkage relationship. Both the inhalation valve and the exhalation valve are hollow The cylinder nesting structure includes a fixed cylinder and a sliding cylinder nested together, and the sliding cylinders of the inhalation valve and the exhalation valve are connected with electromagnetic drivers to realize the synchronous control of the opening degree of the inhalation valve and the exhalation valve. After the medical ventilator is connected with the above-mentioned electromagnetic control three-way flow valve, the pressure and flow of inhalation and exhalation can be controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the inhalation valve and the exhalation valve, so that in the inhalation and exhalation stages Maintain proper pressure or flow, realize bi-level pressure control and flow control of medical ventilator, simple structure, easy to use, precise control, and save power consumption.

专利2：Patent 2:

申请号：201410072610.2，申请日：2014-02-28，申请人:北京谊安医疗系统股份有限公司，公开日：2015-09-02。本发明公开了一种呼气阀及具有它的呼吸机，该呼气阀包括：阀体、气阻、不锈钢阀口、活瓣膜片和阀盖。阀体内形成有进气通道和可与进气通道连通的出气通道，且进气通道具有进气通道进气口和进气通道出气口；气阻设在进气通道内；不锈钢阀口设在阀体的进气通道出气口处，且不锈钢阀口的一端伸出阀体的进气通道出气口；活瓣膜片在打开和封闭不锈钢阀口的位置之间可活动地设在阀体上；阀盖设在阀体上，且阀盖与阀体配合压紧活瓣膜片的边沿，阀盖上设有通孔。根据本发明实施例的呼气阀，提高了活瓣膜片与不锈钢阀口的密封性能，阀口打开和关闭准确可靠，可以精确计算呼气阀呼入和呼出潮气量值，给病人以舒适的呼吸模式。Application number: 201410072610.2, application date: 2014-02-28, applicant: Beijing Aeon Medical Systems Co., Ltd., public date: 2015-09-02. The invention discloses an exhalation valve and a ventilator with it. The exhalation valve comprises: a valve body, an air resistance, a stainless steel valve port, a valve diaphragm and a valve cover. The valve body is formed with an air intake channel and an air outlet channel that can communicate with the air intake channel, and the air intake channel has an air inlet of the air intake channel and an air outlet of the air intake channel; the air resistance is set in the air intake channel; the stainless steel valve port is set At the outlet of the air intake channel of the valve body, and one end of the stainless steel valve port extends out of the air intake channel outlet of the valve body; the valve diaphragm is movably arranged on the valve body between the positions of opening and closing the stainless steel valve port; The valve cover is arranged on the valve body, and the valve cover cooperates with the valve body to press the edge of the valve diaphragm, and the valve cover is provided with a through hole. According to the exhalation valve of the embodiment of the present invention, the sealing performance between the valve diaphragm and the stainless steel valve port is improved. breathing pattern.

专利3：Patent 3:

申请号：201010562279.4，申请日：2010.11.21，申请人:浙江玉升医疗器械股份有限公司，公开日：2011-03-09。本发明涉及一种用于呼吸机气路压力和流量调节的控制阀，它包括阀体、阀芯、配气滑套、电机和风机排气管，其特征在于电机上设有电机防震套及电机套，电机轴上设有磁圈及霍尔传感器，所述阀芯外侧设有配气滑套，二者之间有一定的活动间隙，配气滑套上固接有齿条，齿条下方设有导轨，该齿条与电机齿轮相啮合，配气滑套上设有定位传感器和密封圈及盖，所述中空的阀芯中间设有隔板，隔板两侧的阀芯上分别设有排气孔和进气孔，配气滑套的同一圆周上至少设有两个配气孔，所述配气孔能够与阀芯上的排气孔和进气孔分别相对应；具有结构简单、成本低廉、使用时噪声小、安全可靠，能实现无级调压的优点。Application number: 201010562279.4, application date: 2010.11.21, applicant: Zhejiang Yusheng Medical Devices Co., Ltd., public date: 2011-03-09. The invention relates to a control valve for regulating the air circuit pressure and flow of a ventilator, which includes a valve body, a valve core, an air distribution sliding sleeve, a motor and a fan exhaust pipe, and is characterized in that the motor is provided with a motor shockproof sleeve and The motor sleeve, the motor shaft is provided with a magnetic coil and a Hall sensor, and an air distribution sliding sleeve is provided on the outside of the valve core. There is a certain movable gap between the two. There is a guide rail below, the rack is meshed with the gear of the motor, the positioning sensor, the sealing ring and the cover are arranged on the air distribution sliding sleeve, and a partition is arranged in the middle of the hollow valve core, and the valve cores on both sides of the partition are respectively There are exhaust holes and air intake holes, and at least two air distribution holes are provided on the same circumference of the air distribution sliding sleeve, and the air distribution holes can correspond to the exhaust holes and air intake holes on the valve core respectively; it has a simple structure , low cost, low noise during use, safe and reliable, and can realize the advantages of stepless voltage regulation.

对比文件中的专利没有公开本专利的技术方案，不能破坏本专利的新颖性，同时以上对比文件的组合也不能破坏本专利的创造性。The patent in the reference document does not disclose the technical solution of the patent, which cannot destroy the novelty of the patent, and the combination of the above reference documents cannot destroy the creativity of the patent.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是针对以上问题，提供一种高精密通气流量控制系统及医用呼吸机，结构简单、生产成本低、噪音小、能够逐步调节及维持释放口气体的排放面积，对呼吸机的压力及流量实现精密控制，将压力及流量调节至最佳状态，提高呼吸机的治疗效果。The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems, to provide a high-precision ventilation flow control system and a medical ventilator, which have simple structure, low production cost, low noise, can gradually adjust and maintain the discharge area of the release port gas, and reduce the pressure on the ventilator. and flow to achieve precise control, adjust the pressure and flow to the best state, and improve the therapeutic effect of the ventilator.

为实现以上目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：For realizing above object, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:

一种高精密通气流量控制系统，它包括底座1，其左上端设置有三通座3；所述三通座3的上端设置有三通2；所述三通2包括左端的进气口201、上端的呼吸口202和右端的释放口203；所述三通2通过抱箍9固定在三通座3上；所述底座1的右上端设置有电机支架4；所述电机支架4的右端设置有步进电机5；所述步进电机5的左端连接有滚珠丝杆6；所述滚珠丝杆6上连接有推动轴7；所述推动轴7的左端设置有与释放口203相对接的活塞8；所述活塞8为圆台形结构，并与释放口203之间为同轴设置。A high-precision ventilation flow control system, which includes a base 1, a tee seat 3 is provided at the upper left end of the tee seat 3; a tee 2 is provided at the upper end of the tee seat 3; the tee 2 includes an air inlet 201 at the left end, an upper end The breathing port 202 and the release port 203 at the right end; the tee 2 is fixed on the tee seat 3 through the hoop 9; the upper right end of the base 1 is provided with a motor support 4; the right end of the motor support 4 is provided with a Stepper motor 5; the left end of the stepper motor 5 is connected with a ball screw 6; the ball screw 6 is connected with a push shaft 7; the left end of the push shaft 7 is provided with a piston docked with the release port 203 8; the piston 8 is a cone-shaped structure, and is coaxial with the release port 203 .

进一步的，所述推动轴7包括左轴段701和右轴段702；所述活塞8固定在左轴段701的左端；所述右轴段702的右端设置有圆孔703；所述滚珠丝杆6设置在圆孔703内。Further, the push shaft 7 includes a left shaft section 701 and a right shaft section 702; the piston 8 is fixed on the left end of the left shaft section 701; the right end of the right shaft section 702 is provided with a round hole 703; the ball wire The rod 6 is set in the circular hole 703 .

进一步的，所述活塞8采用35度硅胶，它包括圆台侧面801、圆台上底面802和圆台下底面803；所述圆台侧面801上设置有多个均匀布置的通气槽804；所述通气槽804的槽口大小从圆台上底面802至圆台下底面803的方向逐渐收拢至一点。Further, the piston 8 is made of 35-degree silica gel, which includes a round platform side 801, a round platform upper bottom surface 802, and a round platform lower bottom surface 803; the round platform side 801 is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged ventilation grooves 804; the ventilation grooves The size of the notch of 804 gradually converges to one point from the upper bottom surface 802 of the circular platform to the lower bottom surface 803 of the circular platform.

进一步的，所述释放口203内固定有弹簧座13；所述弹簧座13包括法兰1302和连接在法兰1302左端的圆筒1301；所述圆筒1301的外壁与三通2管道内壁之间设置有压缩弹簧12；所述压缩弹簧12右端连接有滑块11；所述滑块11与三通2的管道内壁相互接触；所述滑块11的右端设置有橡胶垫10。Further, a spring seat 13 is fixed inside the release port 203; the spring seat 13 includes a flange 1302 and a cylinder 1301 connected to the left end of the flange 1302; A compression spring 12 is arranged between them; the right end of the compression spring 12 is connected with a slider 11; the slider 11 is in contact with the inner wall of the pipe of the tee 2; the right end of the slider 11 is provided with a rubber pad 10.

进一步的，所述滑块11包括金属环1101和橡胶环1102；所述橡胶环1102设置在金属环1101的内部，且与金属环1101呈一体设置；所述橡胶环1102的内侧面设置有锥度，且该锥度与活塞8圆台侧面的锥度一致匹配。Further, the slider 11 includes a metal ring 1101 and a rubber ring 1102; the rubber ring 1102 is set inside the metal ring 1101 and is integrated with the metal ring 1101; the inner surface of the rubber ring 1102 is provided with a taper , and the taper is consistent with the taper on the side of the truncated cone of the piston 8 .

进一步的，所述橡胶垫10为环体结构，该环体结构由外侧面1001、内右侧面1002和内左侧面1003组成；所述外侧面1001固定在三通2的内壁上，其右端面与释放口203的端面平齐；所述内右侧面1002设置有锥度，且该锥度与活塞8圆台侧面的锥度一致匹配；所述内左侧面1003与水平方向的夹角为3～5°。Further, the rubber pad 10 is a ring structure, and the ring structure is composed of an outer side 1001, an inner right side 1002 and an inner left side 1003; the outer side 1001 is fixed on the inner wall of the tee 2, and its The right end face is flush with the end face of the release port 203; the inner right side 1002 is provided with a taper, and the taper is consistent with the taper on the side of the piston 8; the angle between the inner left side 1003 and the horizontal direction is 3 ~5°.

进一步的，所述三通座3为长方体结构，其上端设置有用于三通2定位及锁定的三通固定槽301。Further, the tee seat 3 is a cuboid structure, and its upper end is provided with a tee fixing groove 301 for positioning and locking the tee 2 .

一种医用呼吸机，该医用呼吸机连接有上述高精密通气流量控制系统，该医用呼吸机的气体出口与进气口201连接，该医用呼吸机的呼吸面罩与呼吸口202连接。A medical ventilator, the medical ventilator is connected with the above-mentioned high-precision ventilation flow control system, the gas outlet of the medical ventilator is connected to the air inlet 201, and the breathing mask of the medical ventilator is connected to the breathing port 202.

进一步的，所述呼吸口202内设置有气流传感器。Further, an air flow sensor is arranged in the breathing port 202 .

进一步的，所述呼吸口202内的气流传感器与所述步进电机5的控制单元电连接。Further, the airflow sensor in the breathing port 202 is electrically connected with the control unit of the stepping motor 5 .

本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的一种高精密通气流量控制系统及医用呼吸机，结构简单，生产成本低，可通过步进电机控制活塞的圆台侧面与三通的释放口端面之间的开合以及活塞的圆台侧面与橡胶环锥面之间的开合，实现呼吸流量及压力的开环控制；同时释放口气体的排放面积可以逐步进行调节及维持，实现了精准控制；活塞上通气槽的设置，有助于气体均匀排出，同时具有降低噪声的作用。Beneficial effects of the present invention: a high-precision ventilation flow control system and a medical ventilator provided by the present invention have simple structure and low production cost, and the stepping motor can control the distance between the side of the round table of the piston and the end face of the release port of the tee. The opening and closing between the side of the round platform of the piston and the cone surface of the rubber ring realizes the open-loop control of the breathing flow and pressure; at the same time, the gas discharge area of the release port can be gradually adjusted and maintained to achieve precise control; the piston is ventilated The setting of the groove helps the gas to be discharged evenly, and at the same time has the effect of reducing noise.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

图2为图1中的局部放大视图A。FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view A in FIG. 1 .

图3为本发明中推动轴与活塞的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of the push shaft and the piston in the present invention.

图4为本发明中活塞的俯视示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the piston in the present invention.

图5为图1中的剖面视图B-B。FIG. 5 is a sectional view B-B in FIG. 1 .

图6为本发明中三通座的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the three-way seat in the present invention.

图7为本发明中弹簧座的结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spring seat in the present invention.

图8为本发明中滑块的结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the slider in the present invention.

图9为本发明中橡胶垫的结构示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the rubber pad in the present invention.

图中所述文字标注表示为：1、底座；2、三通；3、三通座；4、电机支架；5、步进电机；6、滚珠丝杆；7、推动轴；8、活塞；9、抱箍；10、橡胶垫；11、滑块；12、压缩弹簧；13、弹簧座；201、进气口；202、呼吸口；203、释放口；301、三通固定槽；701、左轴段；702、右轴段；703、圆孔；801、圆台侧面；802、圆台上底面；803、圆台下底面；804、通气槽；1001、外侧面；1002、内右侧面；1003、内左侧面；1101、金属环；1102、橡胶环；1301、圆筒；1302、法兰。The text marked in the figure is expressed as: 1. base; 2. tee; 3. tee seat; 4. motor bracket; 5. stepping motor; 6. ball screw; 9, hoop; 10, rubber pad; 11, slider; 12, compression spring; 13, spring seat; 201, air inlet; 202, breathing port; 203, release port; 301, tee fixing groove; 701, Left shaft section; 702, right shaft section; 703, circular hole; 801, side of the round table; 802, upper bottom of the round table; 803, lower bottom of the round table; 804, ventilation groove; 1001, outer side; 1002, inner right side; 1003, inner left side; 1101, metal ring; 1102, rubber ring; 1301, cylinder; 1302, flange.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述，本部分的描述仅是示范性和解释性，不应对本发明的保护范围有任何的限制作用。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not have any limiting effect on the protection scope of the present invention. .

如图1-图9所示，本发明的具体结构为：As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 9, the concrete structure of the present invention is:

一种高精密通气流量控制系统，它包括底座1，其左上端设置有三通座3；所述三通座3的上端设置有三通2；所述三通2包括左端的进气口201、上端的呼吸口202和右端的释放口203；所述三通2通过抱箍9固定在三通座3上；所述底座1的右上端设置有电机支架4；所述电机支架4的右端设置有步进电机5；所述步进电机5的左端连接有滚珠丝杆6；所述滚珠丝杆6上连接有推动轴7；所述推动轴7的左端设置有与释放口203相对接的活塞8；所述活塞8为圆台形结构，并与释放口203之间为同轴设置。A high-precision ventilation flow control system, which includes a base 1, a tee seat 3 is provided at the upper left end of the tee seat 3; a tee 2 is provided at the upper end of the tee seat 3; the tee 2 includes an air inlet 201 at the left end, an upper end The breathing port 202 and the release port 203 at the right end; the tee 2 is fixed on the tee seat 3 through the hoop 9; the upper right end of the base 1 is provided with a motor support 4; the right end of the motor support 4 is provided with a Stepper motor 5; the left end of the stepper motor 5 is connected with a ball screw 6; the ball screw 6 is connected with a push shaft 7; the left end of the push shaft 7 is provided with a piston docked with the release port 203 8; the piston 8 is a cone-shaped structure, and is coaxial with the release port 203 .

优选的，所述推动轴7包括左轴段701和右轴段702；所述活塞8固定在左轴段701的左端；所述右轴段702的右端设置有圆孔703；所述滚珠丝杆6设置在圆孔703内。Preferably, the push shaft 7 includes a left shaft section 701 and a right shaft section 702; the piston 8 is fixed on the left end of the left shaft section 701; the right end of the right shaft section 702 is provided with a round hole 703; the ball wire The rod 6 is set in the circular hole 703 .

优选的，所述活塞8采用35度硅胶，它包括圆台侧面801、圆台上底面802和圆台下底面803；所述圆台侧面801上设置有多个均匀布置的通气槽804；所述通气槽804的槽口大小从圆台上底面802至圆台下底面803的方向逐渐收拢至一点。Preferably, the piston 8 is made of 35-degree silica gel, which includes a round platform side 801, a round platform upper bottom surface 802, and a round platform lower bottom surface 803; the round platform side 801 is provided with a plurality of evenly arranged ventilation grooves 804; the ventilation grooves The size of the notch of 804 gradually converges to one point from the upper bottom surface 802 of the circular platform to the lower bottom surface 803 of the circular platform.

优选的，所述释放口203内固定有弹簧座13；所述弹簧座13包括法兰1302和连接在法兰1302左端的圆筒1301；所述圆筒1301的外壁与三通2管道内壁之间设置有压缩弹簧12；所述压缩弹簧12右端连接有滑块11；所述滑块11与三通2的管道内壁相互接触；所述滑块11的右端设置有橡胶垫10。Preferably, a spring seat 13 is fixed inside the release port 203; the spring seat 13 includes a flange 1302 and a cylinder 1301 connected to the left end of the flange 1302; A compression spring 12 is arranged between them; the right end of the compression spring 12 is connected with a slider 11; the slider 11 is in contact with the inner wall of the pipe of the tee 2; the right end of the slider 11 is provided with a rubber pad 10.

优选的，所述滑块11包括金属环1101和橡胶环1102；所述橡胶环1102设置在金属环1101的内部，且与金属环1101呈一体设置；所述橡胶环1102的内侧面设置有锥度，且该锥度与活塞8圆台侧面的锥度一致匹配。Preferably, the slider 11 includes a metal ring 1101 and a rubber ring 1102; the rubber ring 1102 is arranged inside the metal ring 1101 and is integrated with the metal ring 1101; the inner surface of the rubber ring 1102 is provided with a taper , and the taper is consistent with the taper on the side of the truncated cone of the piston 8 .

优选的，所述橡胶垫10为环体结构，该环体结构由外侧面1001、内右侧面1002和内左侧面1003组成；所述外侧面1001固定在三通2的内壁上，其右端面与释放口203的端面平齐；所述内右侧面1002设置有锥度，且该锥度与活塞8圆台侧面的锥度一致匹配；所述内左侧面1003与水平方向的夹角为3～5°。Preferably, the rubber pad 10 is a ring structure, and the ring structure is composed of an outer side 1001, an inner right side 1002 and an inner left side 1003; the outer side 1001 is fixed on the inner wall of the tee 2, and its The right end face is flush with the end face of the release port 203; the inner right side 1002 is provided with a taper, and the taper is consistent with the taper on the side of the piston 8; the angle between the inner left side 1003 and the horizontal direction is 3 ~5°.

优选的，所述三通座3为长方体结构，其上端设置有用于三通2定位及锁定的三通固定槽301。Preferably, the tee seat 3 is a cuboid structure, and its upper end is provided with a tee fixing groove 301 for positioning and locking the tee 2 .

一种医用呼吸机，该医用呼吸机连接有上述高精密通气流量控制系统，该医用呼吸机的气体出口与进气口201连接，该医用呼吸机的呼吸面罩与呼吸口202连接。A medical ventilator, the medical ventilator is connected with the above-mentioned high-precision ventilation flow control system, the gas outlet of the medical ventilator is connected to the air inlet 201, and the breathing mask of the medical ventilator is connected to the breathing port 202.

优选的，所述呼吸口202内设置有气流传感器。Preferably, an air flow sensor is arranged in the breathing port 202 .

优选的，所述呼吸口202内的气流传感器与所述步进电机5的控制单元电连接。Preferably, the airflow sensor in the breathing port 202 is electrically connected to the control unit of the stepping motor 5 .

一种高精密通气流量控制系统呼气时的工作原理，如图1-9所示，释放口气体压力及流量在排放时，步进电机正转，滚珠丝杆带动推动轴及活塞向右移动，使活塞的圆台侧面脱离三通位于释放口的端面，滑块在活塞向右移动的同时在压力弹簧弹力的作用下，使橡胶环时刻保持与活塞的圆台侧面相互接触及挤压，气体从活塞的通气槽中得到释放；当活塞继续向右移动时，滑块同时向右移动，但滑块与其右端橡胶垫的内左侧面产生挤压，挤压产生的摩擦力阻碍滑块向右移动，使得滑块向右移动的速度减缓，减缓的同时滑块与活塞的圆台侧面相对移动，逐步加大了释放口气体排放的面积，气体仍由通气槽释放；当活塞继续向右移动时，滑块与其右端橡胶垫的内左侧面继续挤压，当挤压时产生的摩擦力足以阻挡压缩弹簧的弹力时，滑块停止移动，滑块与活塞脱节，实现更大的气体释放；以上可以看出，释放口气体排放量由小逐步变大，其压力逐步降低，达到精密控制；同时释放口的气体在排放时，通过通气槽得到了均匀的扩散，降低了噪音；一种高精密通气流量控制系统吸气时的工作原理与上述相反。The working principle of a high-precision ventilation flow control system when exhaling, as shown in Figure 1-9, when the gas pressure and flow at the release port are discharged, the stepping motor rotates forward, and the ball screw drives the push shaft and the piston to move to the right , so that the side of the round table of the piston is separated from the end face of the tee at the release port, and the slider moves to the right at the same time under the action of the elastic force of the pressure spring, so that the rubber ring is always in contact with and squeezed from the side of the round table of the piston, and the gas flows from the The air groove of the piston is released; when the piston continues to move to the right, the slider moves to the right at the same time, but the slider and the inner left side of the rubber pad at the right end are squeezed, and the friction generated by the extrusion prevents the slider from moving to the right Moving, the speed of the slider moving to the right is slowed down, and at the same time the slider moves relative to the side of the round platform of the piston, gradually increasing the area of the release port for gas discharge, and the gas is still released by the vent groove; when the piston continues to move to the right , the slider and the inner left side of the rubber pad at the right end continue to squeeze, when the friction generated during extrusion is enough to block the elastic force of the compression spring, the slider stops moving, and the slider is disconnected from the piston to achieve greater gas release; It can be seen from the above that the gas discharge volume at the release port gradually increases from small to large, and its pressure gradually decreases to achieve precise control; at the same time, the gas at the release port is evenly diffused through the ventilation groove when it is discharged, reducing noise; a high-pressure The working principle of the precision ventilation flow control system is the opposite of the above when inhaling.

一种医用呼吸机的工作原理：气体由医用呼吸机中的风机提供，自进气口进入高精密通气流量控制系统内。The working principle of a medical ventilator: the gas is provided by the fan in the medical ventilator, and enters the high-precision ventilation flow control system from the air inlet.

需要呼吸口提供吸气压力时，步进电机反转，活塞向左移动，当活塞移动至与三通位于释放口端面完全密封时，实现了最大流量及压力供给；对闭环控制的呼吸机系统，根据呼吸口内气流传感器的反馈信号，可以对实施步进电机的正转与反转控制，最终达到目标的压力及流量。When the breathing port is required to provide suction pressure, the stepping motor reverses and the piston moves to the left. When the piston moves to the end face of the release port and the tee is completely sealed, the maximum flow and pressure supply are realized; for the closed-loop control ventilator system , according to the feedback signal of the airflow sensor in the breathing port, the forward and reverse rotation of the stepper motor can be controlled, and finally the target pressure and flow can be achieved.

需要呼吸口提供呼气压力时，步进电机正转，活塞向右移动，当活塞移动至与三通的释放口完全脱离时，实现最大流量及压力的释放；同样，对闭环控制的呼吸机系统，根据呼吸口内气流传感器的反馈信号，可以对实施步进电机的正转与反转控制，最终达到目标的压力及流量。When the breathing port is required to provide exhalation pressure, the stepping motor rotates forward, and the piston moves to the right. When the piston moves to the point where it is completely separated from the release port of the tee, the maximum flow and pressure are released; similarly, for the closed-loop control ventilator The system, according to the feedback signal of the airflow sensor in the breathing port, can control the forward and reverse rotation of the stepping motor, and finally achieve the target pressure and flow.

需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, It also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent in the process, method, article, or apparatus.

本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，由于文字表达的有限性，而客观上存在无限的具体结构，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进、润饰或变化，也可以将上述技术特征以适当的方式进行组合；这些改进润饰、变化或组合，或未经改进将发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的，均应视为本发明的保护范围。In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above examples is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitation of literal expression, there are objectively unlimited specific structures. Under these circumstances, several improvements, modifications or changes can also be made, and the above-mentioned technical features can also be combined in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, or combinations, or the idea and technical solution of the invention can be directly applied to other occasions without improvement should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.