CN107654340B - Digital vertical axis wind power generation test device using multi-wireless network communication - Google Patents
- ️Tue Feb 12 2019
本申请是申请号:201510705694.3、申请日:2015.10.27、名称“基于分布式检测和数据判测的垂直轴风力发电测试装置”的分案申请。This application is a divisional application with application number: 201510705694.3, application date: 2015.10.27, titled "Vertical Axis Wind Power Test Device Based on Distributed Detection and Data Judgment".
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及风力发电系统集成监测领域,是一种基于分布式检测和数据判测的垂直轴风力发电测试装置。The invention relates to the field of integrated monitoring of wind power generation systems, and is a vertical axis wind power generation test device based on distributed detection and data judgment.
背景技术Background technique
“装备要发展,测试须先行”。中小型风力发电设备从设计、试制直到生产和维护过程中都离不开验证与测试。而由于风能利用的自然特殊性,设备无论是在研发初期的风洞测试,还是样机或产品的现场运行监测,基于人工方式和有线传输方式的数据采集过程都极为不便。"In order to develop equipment, testing must be done first." Small and medium wind power equipment is inseparable from verification and testing from design, trial production to production and maintenance. However, due to the natural particularity of wind energy utilization, the data collection process based on manual and wired transmission methods is extremely inconvenient, whether the equipment is used for wind tunnel testing in the early stages of research and development, or for on-site operation monitoring of prototypes or products.
基于有线传输方式的风力发电系统分布式多传感器连接过程异常繁琐复杂、测试人员的劳动强度大。在风洞狭小的空间内测试,还会因导线走线方式的不同造成局部风场的畸变,影响测试精度,甚至因导线脱落造成旋转轴的缠绕,导致严重事故。在风力发电运行现场,由于机组现场安装的地理和气象条件较恶劣,如郊区或市区中的地势高处、屋顶等,长期大量的人工数据采集极为不便,过长的导线也会造成严重的信号衰减和干扰。The distributed multi-sensor connection process of the wind power generation system based on the wired transmission method is extremely cumbersome and complicated, and the labor intensity of the testers is high. Testing in the narrow space of the wind tunnel will also cause local wind field distortion due to different wire routing methods, which will affect the test accuracy, and even cause serious accidents due to the winding of the rotating shaft due to the wire falling off. In the operation site of wind power generation, due to the harsh geographical and meteorological conditions for on-site installation of units, such as high terrain and roofs in suburbs or urban areas, long-term manual data collection is extremely inconvenient, and excessively long wires will also cause serious damage. Signal attenuation and interference.
因此,依据风机发电设备的实际应用需求,应用基于无线通讯分布式传感器网络的运行状态参数的智能测试系统平台,对风力发电产品的整个生命周期具有重要意义,并具有良好的应用、实用前景。Therefore, according to the actual application requirements of wind turbine power generation equipment, the application of the intelligent test system platform based on the operating state parameters of the wireless communication distributed sensor network is of great significance to the entire life cycle of wind power generation products, and has good application and practical prospects.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构合理,安装方便、测试可靠、易维护的基于多网络融合和分布式传感的垂直轴风力发电监测装置。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical axis wind power generation monitoring device based on multi-network fusion and distributed sensing with reasonable structure, convenient installation, reliable testing and easy maintenance.
本发明的技术解决方案是:The technical solution of the present invention is:
一种基于多网络融合和分布式传感的垂直轴风力发电监测装置,其特征是:包括现场测量与处理设备,现场测量与处理设备与上位机智能显示设备通讯;所述现场测量与处理设备包括空气动力测量模块、发电功率测量模块、垂直轴偏振测量模块、电磁与噪声测量模块,上述各测量模块与数据监测处理模块通讯;所述垂直轴偏振测量模块包括3个双轴磁阻传感器,分别安装于垂直轴风轮机主轴的顶端、底端和风力发电机转子出轴端;所述各测量模块包括微处理器和Zigbee无线通讯接口;所述数据监测处理模块包括微处理器、Zigbee无线通讯接口和WiFi无线通讯接口;上述各测量模块通过各自Zigbee无线通讯接口与数据监测处理模块的Zigbee无线通讯接口通讯;所述上位机智能显示设备的WiFi无线通讯接口与数据监测处理模块的WiFi无线通讯接口通讯;A vertical-axis wind power generation monitoring device based on multi-network fusion and distributed sensing, characterized in that it includes on-site measurement and processing equipment, and the on-site measurement and processing equipment communicates with an upper computer intelligent display device; the on-site measurement and processing equipment It includes an aerodynamic measurement module, a power generation measurement module, a vertical axis polarization measurement module, an electromagnetic and noise measurement module, and each of the above measurement modules communicates with a data monitoring and processing module; the vertical axis polarization measurement module includes 3 dual-axis magnetoresistive sensors, They are respectively installed on the top and bottom ends of the main shaft of the vertical axis wind turbine and the outlet end of the rotor of the wind turbine; the measurement modules include a microprocessor and a Zigbee wireless communication interface; the data monitoring and processing modules include a microprocessor, a Zigbee wireless Communication interface and WiFi wireless communication interface; the above-mentioned measurement modules communicate with the Zigbee wireless communication interface of the data monitoring processing module through their respective Zigbee wireless communication interfaces; the WiFi wireless communication interface of the upper computer intelligent display device and the WiFi wireless communication interface of the data monitoring processing module communication interface communication;
所述数据监测处理模块的微处理器采用数据异常判测算法;所述数据异常判测算法包括如下步骤:The microprocessor of the data monitoring and processing module adopts a data abnormality judgment algorithm; the data abnormality judgment algorithm includes the following steps:
(1)获取发电机发电功率Pe和角速度ω的实时测量值;(1) Obtain real-time measurement values of generator power generation P e and angular velocity ω;
(2)按下式计算出垂直轴风轮机的机械功率观测值 (2) Calculate the mechanical power observation value of the vertical axis wind turbine as follows
式中,J为垂直轴风轮机的转动惯量;z1,z2为状态变量;L为正常系数。In the formula, J is the moment of inertia of the vertical axis wind turbine; z 1 , z 2 are state variables; L is the normal coefficient.
(3)获取垂直轴风轮机机械功率Pm的实时测量值;(3) Obtain the real-time measurement value of the mechanical power P m of the vertical axis wind turbine;
(4)将计算出的机械功率观测值和机械功率Pm的实时测量值进行比较,如果二者偏差小于15%,则可判定“测量数据正常”,否则判定“测量数据异常”。(4) The calculated mechanical power observation value Compare with the real-time measurement value of mechanical power P m , if the deviation between the two is less than 15%, it can be judged that "measurement data is normal", otherwise, it can be judged that "measurement data is abnormal".
所述现场测量与处理设备中各测量模块与数据监测处理模块采用Zigbee无线通讯协议双向通讯;所述数据监测处理模块与上位机智能显示设备采用WiFi无线通讯协议双向通讯。In the on-site measurement and processing equipment, each measurement module and the data monitoring and processing module use Zigbee wireless communication protocol for bidirectional communication; the data monitoring processing module and the upper computer intelligent display device use WiFi wireless communication protocol for bidirectional communication.
所述现场测量与处理设备中各测量模块的Zigbee无线通讯接口配置为从设备模式,数据监测处理模块的Zigbee无线通讯接口配置为主协调器模式;所述数据监测处理模块的WiFi无线通讯接口配置为纯接入点模式。The Zigbee wireless communication interface of each measurement module in the on-site measurement and processing equipment is configured as a slave device mode, and the Zigbee wireless communication interface of the data monitoring and processing module is configured as a master coordinator mode; the WiFi wireless communication interface of the data monitoring and processing module is configured. For pure access point mode.
空气动力测量模块还包括风速传感器、气温传感器、气压传感器和光伏电板组;所述现场测量与处理设备采用风光储方式供电。The aerodynamic measurement module also includes a wind speed sensor, an air temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor and a photovoltaic panel group; the on-site measurement and processing equipment is powered by wind and solar storage.
数据监测处理模块根据双轴磁阻传感器的数据,实时计算出垂直轴风轮机在其主轴顶端、底端和风力发电机转子出轴端,3个水平截面双轴方向上的偏斜均方差、峭度、偏斜度值,并根据与预设阀值比较,形成垂直轴动态机械倾斜健康程度的判别。The data monitoring and processing module calculates in real time the mean square deviation of the vertical axis wind turbine in the top and bottom ends of its main shaft and the outlet end of the rotor of the wind turbine in the two-axis direction of the three horizontal sections according to the data of the dual-axis magnetoresistive sensor. The kurtosis and skewness values are compared with the preset threshold to form the judgment of the health degree of the dynamic mechanical tilt of the vertical axis.
本发明结构合理,安装方便、测试可靠、易维护;其优点还在于:The invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, convenient installation, reliable testing and easy maintenance; its advantages also lie in:
(1)采用分布式多微处理器技术,使得系统各个功能部件物理分散,软硬件的模块化程度和可靠性提高,利于维护升级和检修。(1) The distributed multi-processor technology is adopted, so that each functional component of the system is physically dispersed, and the modularity and reliability of software and hardware are improved, which is conducive to maintenance, upgrade and repair.
(2)被测信号现场数字化,提高了精度,避免了传统模拟信号长距离传输的衰减和易受干扰等问题。(2) The measured signal is digitized on site, which improves the accuracy and avoids the problems of attenuation and susceptibility to interference of long-distance transmission of traditional analog signals.
(3)采用多无线网路通讯技术,避免了有线传输的高造价、高功耗、连线繁琐、安装不便与机械强度可靠性等问题。(3) The use of multi-wireless network communication technology avoids the problems of high cost, high power consumption, complicated wiring, inconvenient installation and mechanical strength reliability of wired transmission.
(4)采用观测器估计值与实测值进行比较的方法,来判定数据监测处理模块收到的相关数据是否真实有效,使得测试系统的监测数据更加可靠。(4) The method of comparing the estimated value of the observer with the measured value is used to determine whether the relevant data received by the data monitoring and processing module is real and effective, so that the monitoring data of the test system is more reliable.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1为本发明一个实施例的总体结构图。FIG. 1 is an overall structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
图2为空气动力测量模块组成结构图。Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the aerodynamic measurement module.
图3为双轴磁阻传感器的安装位置分布图。FIG. 3 is a distribution diagram of the installation position of the dual-axis magnetoresistive sensor.
图4为垂直轴偏振曲线(t,σi,Kuri,Sci)示例图。FIG. 4 is an example diagram of vertical axis polarization curves (t,σ i , Kur i , Sci ) .
图5为风轮空气动力特性曲线(λ,Cp)示例图。Fig. 5 is an example diagram of the aerodynamic characteristic curve (λ, C p ) of the wind turbine.
图6为风轮机械出特性曲线(vw,n,Pm)示例图。Fig. 6 is an example diagram of the mechanical output characteristic curve (v w ,n,P m ) of the wind turbine.
图7为电功率输出特性曲线(vw,Pe)示例图。FIG. 7 is an example diagram of an electric power output characteristic curve (v w , P e ).
图8为调速特性曲线(vw,n)示例图。Figure 8 is an example diagram of the speed control characteristic curve (v w ,n).
图9为机组效率曲线(vw,η)示例图。Figure 9 is an example diagram of the unit efficiency curve (v w , η ).
图10为电磁强度曲线(t,Em)示例图。FIG. 10 is an example diagram of the electromagnetic intensity curve (t, E m ).
图11为噪声曲线(t,ANL)示例图。Figure 11 is an example graph of the noise curve (t,ANL).
具体实施方式Detailed ways
一种基于多网络融合和分布式传感的垂直轴风力发电监测装置,包括现场测量与处理设备,现场测量与处理设备与上位机智能显示设备通讯;所述现场测量与处理设备包括空气动力测量模块、发电功率测量模块、垂直轴偏振测量模块、电磁与噪声测量模块,上述各测量模块与数据监测处理模块通讯;所述垂直轴偏振测量模块包括3个双轴磁阻传感器,分别安装于垂直轴风轮机主轴的顶端、底端和风力发电机转子出轴端;所述各测量模块包括微处理器和Zigbee无线通讯接口;所述数据监测处理模块包括微处理器、Zigbee无线通讯接口和WiFi无线通讯接口;上述各测量模块通过各自Zigbee无线通讯接口与数据监测处理模块的Zigbee无线通讯接口通讯;所述上位机智能显示设备的WiFi无线通讯接口与数据监测处理模块的WiFi无线通讯接口通讯。A vertical axis wind power generation monitoring device based on multi-network fusion and distributed sensing, comprising on-site measurement and processing equipment, which communicates with a host computer intelligent display device; the on-site measurement and processing equipment includes aerodynamic measurement equipment module, power generation power measurement module, vertical axis polarization measurement module, electromagnetic and noise measurement module, each of the above measurement modules communicates with the data monitoring and processing module; the vertical axis polarization measurement module includes 3 dual-axis magnetoresistive sensors, which are respectively installed on the vertical axis. The top and bottom ends of the main shaft of the axial wind turbine and the outlet end of the rotor of the wind turbine; the measurement modules include a microprocessor and a Zigbee wireless communication interface; the data monitoring and processing module includes a microprocessor, a Zigbee wireless communication interface and a WiFi Wireless communication interface; the above measurement modules communicate with the Zigbee wireless communication interface of the data monitoring and processing module through their respective Zigbee wireless communication interfaces; the WiFi wireless communication interface of the upper computer intelligent display device communicates with the WiFi wireless communication interface of the data monitoring and processing module.
现场测量与处理设备采用风光储方式供电。以一方面减少垂直轴风力发电系统现场测量与处理设备的外部供电线路的长距离传输,另一方面可以增加现场测量与处理设备供电的可靠性。The on-site measurement and processing equipment is powered by wind-solar storage. On the one hand, the long-distance transmission of the external power supply lines of the on-site measurement and processing equipment of the vertical axis wind power generation system can be reduced, and on the other hand, the reliability of the power supply of the on-site measurement and processing equipment can be increased.
进一步地,参见图2,空气动力测量模块还包括风速传感器、气温传感器、气压传感器和光伏电板组,其微处理器将上述传感器变送来的风速vw、气温T和气压P信号转换成数字信息,然后通过其Zigbee无线通讯接口传递给数据监测处理模块。光伏电板组为空气动力测量模块供电,以减少外部供电线路的长距离传输。Further, referring to FIG. 2 , the aerodynamic measurement module also includes a wind speed sensor, an air temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor and a photovoltaic panel group, and its microprocessor converts the wind speed v w , air temperature T and air pressure P signals transmitted by the above sensors into The digital information is then transmitted to the data monitoring processing module through its Zigbee wireless communication interface. Photovoltaic panels power the aerodynamic measurement modules to reduce long-distance transmission of external power lines.
发电功率测量模块还包括电压传感器、电流传感器和电压频率监测电路,其微处理器将上述传感器及监测电路变送来的电压V、电流I和电压频率f信号转换成数字信息,然后通过其Zigbee无线通讯接口传递给数据监测处理模块。The power generation power measurement module also includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a voltage frequency monitoring circuit. The wireless communication interface is transmitted to the data monitoring processing module.
垂直轴偏振测量模块还包括3个双轴磁阻传感器,其微处理器将每个传感器检测到的垂直轴水平方向双轴的偏角信号转换成数字信息,然后通过Zigbee无线通讯接口传递给数据监测处理模块。参见图3,为3个双轴磁阻传感器的安装位置分布图。图3中,101为垂直轴风轮机,102为垂直轴风轮机的垂直轴主轴,在其下部同轴安装风力发电机103,104、105和106为3个双轴磁阻传感器,他们分别安装于垂直轴风轮机的顶端、底端和风力发电机转子出轴端。The vertical axis polarization measurement module also includes 3 dual-axis magnetoresistive sensors, and its microprocessor converts the declination signals of the vertical axis and the horizontal axis detected by each sensor into digital information, and then transmits the data through the Zigbee wireless communication interface. Monitoring processing module. Referring to FIG. 3 , it is a distribution diagram of the installation positions of the three dual-axis magnetoresistive sensors. In Fig. 3, 101 is the vertical axis wind turbine, 102 is the vertical axis main shaft of the vertical axis wind turbine, and the wind generators 103, 104, 105 and 106 are three dual-axis magnetoresistive sensors installed coaxially at the lower part of the vertical axis wind turbine, which are respectively installed On the top and bottom ends of the vertical axis wind turbine and the shaft end of the wind turbine rotor.
电磁与噪声测量模块还包括电磁强度传感器和噪声传感器,其微处理器将上述传感器变送来的电磁强度和噪声信号转换成数字信息,然后通过其Zigbee无线通讯接口传递给数据监测处理模块。The electromagnetic and noise measurement module also includes an electromagnetic intensity sensor and a noise sensor. Its microprocessor converts the electromagnetic intensity and noise signals transmitted by the above sensors into digital information, and then transmits it to the data monitoring and processing module through its Zigbee wireless communication interface.
现场测量与处理设备中各测量模块与数据监测处理模块采用Zigbee无线通讯协议双向通讯,其中,各测量模块的Zigbee无线通讯接口配置为从设备模式,数据监测处理模块的Zigbee无线通讯接口配置为主协调器模式。In the field measurement and processing equipment, each measurement module and the data monitoring and processing module use Zigbee wireless communication protocol for bidirectional communication. The Zigbee wireless communication interface of each measurement module is configured as a slave device mode, and the Zigbee wireless communication interface of the data monitoring and processing module is configured as the master. Coordinator mode.
数据监测处理模块收到并存储双轴磁阻传感器的数据。再由其微处理器实时计算出垂直轴风轮机在其主轴顶端、底端和风力发电机转子出轴端,3个水平截面双轴方向上各自的偏斜均方差σi、峭度Kuri、偏斜度Sci值,其中i=1,2,3,代表3个双轴磁阻传感器的编号。The data monitoring and processing module receives and stores the data of the dual-axis magnetoresistive sensor. Then, its microprocessor calculates in real time the mean deviation σ i and kurtosis Kur i of the vertical axis wind turbine at the top and bottom ends of its main shaft and the rotor outlet end of the wind turbine in the biaxial directions of the three horizontal sections. , the skewness S ci value, where i=1, 2, 3, representing the numbers of the three dual-axis magnetoresistive sensors.
以一组运行数据集合内具有N个采样点数据(xik,k=1,…,N)为例,其偏斜均方差σi、峭度Kuri、偏斜度Sci的计算式如下:Taking a set of running data sets with N sampling point data (x ik , k =1, . :
数据监测处理模块根据上式计算结果与其内部存储的预设阀值比较,形成垂直轴动态机械倾斜健康程度的判别,如“运行正常”、“偏角较小”和“偏角较大”等指示。The data monitoring and processing module compares the calculation result of the above formula with the preset threshold value stored in it to form a judgment of the health degree of the dynamic mechanical tilt of the vertical axis, such as "normal operation", "small declination angle" and "large declination angle", etc. instruct.
同时,数据监测处理模块将当前时间t和垂直轴风轮机的3组均方差σi、峭度Kuri、偏斜度Sci分别作为一对横、纵轴数据进行有格式存储(t,σi,Kuri,Sci),即可获得垂直轴主轴偏振曲线的绘图数据,如图4。At the same time, the data monitoring and processing module stores the current time t and the three groups of mean square deviation σ i , kurtosis Kur i , and skewness S ci of the vertical axis wind turbine as a pair of horizontal and vertical axis data respectively (t,σ i , Kur i , Sci ) , the plotting data of the vertical axis principal axis polarization curve can be obtained, as shown in Figure 4.
数据监测处理模块收到并存储空气动力测量模块传递来的风速vw、气温T、气压信号P,以及发电功率测量模块传递来的电压V、电流I和电压频率f信号。其微处理器根据与其内部存储的气温-气压-空气密度函数,计算出空气密度ρ。再由其内部存储的风力发电机基本机电参数,包括发电功率系数Ke、发电机极对数np、垂直轴风轮半径R、风轮扫风截面积A等,由计算式The data monitoring and processing module receives and stores the wind speed v w , air temperature T and air pressure signal P transmitted by the aerodynamic measurement module, as well as the voltage V, current I and voltage frequency f signals transmitted by the power generation measurement module. Its microprocessor calculates the air density ρ according to the temperature-air pressure-air density function stored in it. Then, the basic electromechanical parameters of the wind turbine stored in it, including the power generation power coefficient Ke, the number of pole pairs n p of the generator, the radius R of the vertical axis wind rotor, and the swept cross-sectional area A of the wind rotor, are calculated by the formula
分别计算出垂直轴风轮机转速n、角速度ω、叶尖速比λ、相对力矩系数Cm和发电机发电功率Pe。再根据以下计算式The vertical axis wind turbine rotational speed n, angular velocity ω, tip speed ratio λ, relative torque coefficient C m and generator power P e are calculated respectively. Then according to the following formula
分别计算出垂直轴风轮机的风能利用系数Cp、机械功率Pm和机组效率η。The wind energy utilization coefficient C p , the mechanical power P m and the unit efficiency η of the vertical axis wind turbine are calculated respectively.
进一步地,数据监测处理模块:Further, the data monitoring processing module:
将叶尖速比λ和风能利用系数Cp作为一对横、纵轴数据进行有格式存储(λ,Cp),即可获得风轮空气动力特性曲线的绘图数据,如图5。The blade tip speed ratio λ and the wind energy utilization coefficient C p are stored in a format (λ, C p ) as a pair of horizontal and vertical axis data, and the drawing data of the aerodynamic characteristic curve of the wind rotor can be obtained, as shown in Figure 5.
将各种相同风速vw区间下的垂直轴风轮机转速n和机械功率Pm作为一对横、纵轴数据进行有格式存储(vw,n,Pm),即可获得风轮机械出特性曲线的绘图数据,如图6。The vertical axis wind turbine rotational speed n and mechanical power P m under various same wind speed v w intervals are stored in a formatted pair as a pair of horizontal and vertical axis data (v w , n, P m ), and the mechanical output of the wind turbine can be obtained. The plot data of the characteristic curve is shown in Figure 6.
将风速vw和发电机发电功率Pe作为一对横、纵轴数据进行有格式存储(vw,Pe),即可获得电功率输出特性曲线的绘图数据,如图7。The wind speed v w and the generator power P e are stored as a pair of horizontal and vertical axis data (v w , P e ) in a formatted manner, and the drawing data of the electric power output characteristic curve can be obtained, as shown in Figure 7.
将风速vw和垂直轴风轮机转速n作为一对横、纵轴数据进行有格式存储(vw,n),即可获得调速特性曲线的绘图数据,如图8。The wind speed v w and the vertical axis wind turbine speed n are stored in a format (v w , n) as a pair of horizontal and vertical axis data, and the drawing data of the speed regulation characteristic curve can be obtained, as shown in Figure 8.
将风速vw和机组效率η作为一对横、纵轴数据进行有格式存储(vw,η),即可获得机组效率曲线的绘图数据,如图9。The wind speed v w and the unit efficiency η are stored in a format (v w , η ) as a pair of horizontal and vertical axis data, and the drawing data of the unit efficiency curve can be obtained, as shown in Figure 9.
数据监测处理模块收到并存储电磁与噪声测量模块传递来的电磁强度和噪声值,将接收时间t和电磁强度Em作为一对横、纵轴数据进行有格式存储(t,Em),即可获得电磁强度曲线的绘图数据,如图10;将接收时间t和噪声ANL作为一对横、纵轴数据进行有格式存储(t,ANL),即可获得噪声曲线的绘图数据,如图11。The data monitoring and processing module receives and stores the electromagnetic intensity and noise value transmitted by the electromagnetic and noise measurement module, and stores the receiving time t and the electromagnetic intensity Em as a pair of horizontal and vertical axis data in a format ( t,E m ) , The drawing data of the electromagnetic intensity curve can be obtained, as shown in Figure 10; the receiving time t and the noise ANL are stored as a pair of horizontal and vertical axis data in a format (t, ANL), and the drawing data of the noise curve can be obtained, as shown in the figure 11.
为了判测数据监测处理模块收到的相关数据是否真实有效,可采用观测器估计值与实测值进行比较的方法来判定。其原理包括:In order to judge whether the relevant data received by the data monitoring and processing module is real and effective, the method of comparing the estimated value of the observer with the measured value can be used to judge. The principles include:
垂直轴风力发电系统的机电耦合运动学方程可表达为The electromechanical coupling kinematics equation of the vertical axis wind power generation system can be expressed as
式中,J为垂直轴风轮机的转动惯量,B为垂直轴风力发电主轴系统的摩擦系数。In the formula, J is the moment of inertia of the vertical axis wind turbine, and B is the friction coefficient of the main shaft system of the vertical axis wind power generation.
上式表明,发电机发电功率Pe、角速度ω和垂直轴风轮机机械功率Pm是相关联的。因此,若假设垂直轴风轮机机械功率Pm为未知量,则可通过已知的发电机发电功率Pe和角速度ω,利用下式计算出垂直轴风轮机的机械功率观测值 The above formula shows that the generator power P e , the angular velocity ω and the vertical axis wind turbine mechanical power P m are related. Therefore, if it is assumed that the mechanical power P m of the vertical axis wind turbine is an unknown quantity, the observed value of the mechanical power of the vertical axis wind turbine can be calculated by the following formula by using the known generator power P e and angular velocity ω
式中,J为垂直轴风轮机的转动惯量;z1,z2为状态变量;L为正常系数。In the formula, J is the moment of inertia of the vertical axis wind turbine; z 1 , z 2 are state variables; L is the normal coefficient.
将计算出的机械功率观测值和机械功率Pm的实时测量值进行比较,如果二者偏差小于15%,则可判定“测量数据正常”,否则判定“测量数据异常”。The calculated mechanical power observations will be Compare with the real-time measurement value of mechanical power P m , if the deviation between the two is less than 15%, it can be judged that "measurement data is normal", otherwise, it can be judged that "measurement data is abnormal".
上述数据异常判测算法可以由数据监测处理模块内的微处理器,软件编程实现。The above-mentioned data abnormality judgment algorithm can be realized by the microprocessor and software programming in the data monitoring processing module.
数据监测处理模块与上位机智能显示设备采用WiFi无线通讯协议双向通讯,其中,数据监测处理模块的WiFi无线通讯接口配置为纯接入点模式(AP)。上位机智能显示设备可以为PC机、平板电脑或是手机等智能可便携设备,他们作为WiFi无线通讯的站点(STA),可以接入数据监测处理模块,进行数据交换和访问,以更大地增加本监测装置的智能化、便携化和友好化。The data monitoring and processing module communicates with the intelligent display device of the upper computer using the WiFi wireless communication protocol. The WiFi wireless communication interface of the data monitoring and processing module is configured as a pure access point mode (AP). The intelligent display device of the upper computer can be a smart portable device such as a PC, a tablet or a mobile phone. As a WiFi wireless communication station (STA), they can be connected to the data monitoring and processing module for data exchange and access, so as to increase the The monitoring device is intelligent, portable and friendly.
上位机智能显示设备内部运行相应程序,将接收来自数据监测处理模块的各类绘图数据,包括风轮空气动力特性曲线数据(λ,Cp)、风轮机械出特性曲线数据(vw,n,Pm)、电功率输出特性曲线数据(vw,Pe)、调速特性曲线数据(vw,n)、机组效率曲线数据(vw,η)、电磁强度曲线数据(t,Em)、噪声曲线数据(t,ANL)、垂直轴偏振曲线数据(t,σi,Kuri,Sci),利用描点法做图,在显示设备上显示出来。同时,显示出数据异常判测算法给出的“测量数据正常”或“测量数据异常”,以及垂直轴动态机械倾斜健康程度的判定结果,供用户和监测人员观察判断。The host computer intelligent display device runs the corresponding program internally, and will receive various drawing data from the data monitoring and processing module, including the wind turbine aerodynamic characteristic curve data (λ, C p ), the wind turbine mechanical output characteristic curve data (v w , n ,P m ), electric power output characteristic curve data (v w ,P e ), speed regulation characteristic curve data (v w ,n), unit efficiency curve data (v w ,η), electromagnetic strength curve data (t,E m ), noise curve data (t, ANL), vertical axis polarization curve data (t, σ i , Kur i , Sc i ), use the point-drawing method to make a graph and display it on a display device. At the same time, the "measured data is normal" or "measured data is abnormal" given by the data abnormality judgment algorithm, as well as the judgment results of the health degree of the dynamic mechanical tilt of the vertical axis, are displayed for users and monitoring personnel to observe and judge.