CN107689759B - Motor driving circuit for low-cost current detection and detection method - Google Patents
- ️Fri Jul 19 2024
CN107689759B - Motor driving circuit for low-cost current detection and detection method - Google Patents
Motor driving circuit for low-cost current detection and detection method Download PDFInfo
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Publication number
- CN107689759B CN107689759B CN201710942736.4A CN201710942736A CN107689759B CN 107689759 B CN107689759 B CN 107689759B CN 201710942736 A CN201710942736 A CN 201710942736A CN 107689759 B CN107689759 B CN 107689759B Authority
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- resistor
- tube
- circuit
- sampling
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- 2017-10-11 Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a motor driving circuit and a detection method for low-cost current detection, comprising three-phase bridge arms and a three-phase current detection circuit, wherein each phase of bridge arm comprises an upper switching tube and a lower switching tube which are connected in series, and each phase of current detection circuit comprises a current sampling circuit, a sampling switching circuit, a sampling holding circuit and an amplifying circuit. The driving circuit can adopt PWM to drive, two paths of currents with the minimum PWM pulse width are sampled in one PWM period, the third phase current is calculated by the two paths of currents, meanwhile, due to the sampling and holding circuit and the delay circuit, the current AD conversion time is very flexible, the sampling time can be any time after the PWM interruption delay is necessary, the requirement on the CPU performance is lower, and the cost of a Hall sensor is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor drive circuits, in particular to a motor drive circuit for low-cost current detection and a current detection method.
Background
In the prior art, various methods for detecting the current of the motor driving circuit are available, wherein the method comprises the steps of respectively arranging Hall current sensors in three-phase output ends, wherein the Hall current sensors are direct detection methods, and the method is simple in software, high in precision and high in cost. The method is mainly characterized in that when a sampling resistor is adopted, the consumption power is high, the heating is serious, and the method is suitable for low-power application occasions, wherein the biggest defects are that the CPU has large calculation workload, strict requirements on voltage vector time sequence are all met, and the instantaneity is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
It is a first object of the present invention to provide a motor drive circuit that achieves low cost current detection.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a current detection method of a motor drive circuit that realizes low-cost current detection.
In order to achieve the first object of the present invention, the present invention provides a motor driving circuit for low-cost current detection, which is characterized by comprising three-phase bridge arms and a three-phase current detection circuit, wherein each phase bridge arm comprises an upper switching tube and a lower switching tube which are connected in series;
each phase current detection circuit includes:
the sampling end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the driving end of the upper switching tube or the driving end of the lower switching tube, and the current sampling circuit comprises a delay circuit;
The sampling switch circuit comprises a first MOS tube and a second MOS tube, the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected between the upper switch tube and the lower switch tube, the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS tube, the grid electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube, and the delay circuit is connected between the grid electrode of the first MOS tube and the sampling end;
the sampling and holding circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a first capacitor, wherein the first resistor is connected between the drain electrode of the second MOS tube and the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the second resistor is connected with the first end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded with the second end of the first capacitor;
And the amplifying circuit is connected between the first end of the second resistor and the output end of the current detection circuit.
The delay circuit comprises a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a second capacitor and a first diode, wherein the third resistor is connected with the first diode in parallel, the positive electrode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube.
In a further scheme, when the sampling end is connected with the driving end of the upper switching tube, the current sampling circuit further comprises a third MOS tube, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, wherein the fifth resistor is connected between the sampling end and the grid electrode of the third MOS tube, the sixth resistor is connected between the power supply and the drain electrode of the third MOS tube, the source electrode of the third MOS tube is grounded, and the drain electrode of the third MOS tube is connected with the cathode of the first diode.
In a further scheme, when the sampling end is connected with the driving end of the lower switch tube, the cathode of the first diode is connected with the sampling end.
In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the present invention provides a current detection method of a motor driving circuit, wherein the motor driving circuit adopts the motor driving circuit in the above scheme, and a switch tube of the driving circuit is connected with a radiator;
the current detection method comprises the following steps:
a circuit zero bias step, wherein the circuit zero bias step comprises the steps of conducting a lower switching tube when a motor driving circuit does not work, sampling voltage for a plurality of times at intervals and taking average voltage;
A tube pressure drop sampling step including sampling tube pressure drops of the upper switching tube and the lower switching tube;
A junction temperature calculating step, wherein the junction temperature calculating step comprises estimating the junction temperature of a switching tube according to the temperature of a radiator and the switching loss of the switching tube;
a resistance calculation step, wherein the resistance calculation step comprises the step of calculating the resistance of the switching tube according to the characteristic curve of the switching tube and the junction temperature of the switching tube,
A phase current calculation step of calculating a phase current,
The phase current calculation step includes:
calculating phase current according to the tube voltage drop of the switching tube and the resistance of the switching tube;
comparing the three-phase pulse width, and discarding the current with the widest pulse width in one phase;
And summing and inverting the other two phases of current, then obtaining a third phase of current, and completing the detection of the three phase of current.
The invention has the advantages that the driving circuit can adopt PWM to drive, two paths of currents with the minimum PWM pulse width can be sampled in one PWM period, the third phase of current is calculated by the two paths of currents, meanwhile, the current AD conversion time is very flexible due to the sampling and holding circuit and the delay circuit, the sampling time can be at any time after the PWM interruption delay is necessary, the requirement on the CPU performance is lower, and the cost of a Hall sensor is lower.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the motor drive circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the motor driving circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the motor driving circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of the motor drive circuit of the present invention.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
First embodiment of motor drive circuit:
Referring to fig. 1, the motor driving circuit includes a three-phase bridge arm and a three-phase current detection circuit, the three-phase bridge arm includes a U-phase V-phase and a W-phase bridge arm, each phase bridge arm includes an upper switching tube and a lower switching tube connected in series, the switching tubes are MOS tubes, each phase bridge arm is respectively connected in parallel to two ends of a power Udc, and driving of the motor IM is achieved by controlling each switching tube.
Fig. 1 omits a current detection circuit of the UV phase, mainly exemplified by the W phase, and includes:
The current sampling circuit, the sampling end of current sampling circuit is connected with the drive end of lower switch tube, namely the grid connection of MOS pipe, current sampling circuit includes dead zone delay circuit, delay circuit includes resistance R1, resistance R2, electric capacity C1 and diode D1, resistance R1 is parallelly connected with diode D1, diode D1's positive pole is connected with electric capacity C1's first end, resistance R2's first end, electric capacity C1's second ground connection, resistance R2's second end is connected with MOS pipe 1's grid connection, diode D1's negative pole is connected with the sampling end.
The sampling switch circuit mainly comprises two N-channel MOSFETs (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) to form a bidirectional switch, and the bidirectional switch comprises an MOS tube 1 and an MOS tube 2, wherein the drain electrode of the MOS tube 1 is connected with the source electrode of the upper switch tube and the drain electrode of the lower switch tube, the source electrode of the MOS tube 1 is connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube 2, and the grid electrode of the MOS tube 1 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube 2.
The sampling and holding circuit comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a capacitor C2, wherein the resistor R3 is connected between the drain electrode of the MOS tube 2 and the first end of the resistor R4, the first end of the resistor R4 is connected with the first end of the capacitor C2, and the second end of the resistor R4 is grounded with the second end of the capacitor C2.
The amplifying circuit comprises an amplifier OP_AMP1, the OP_AMP1 is an emitter follower formed by operational amplifiers or an amplifier which leads to high impedance and is formed by the operational amplifiers, the input end of the amplifying circuit is connected to the first end of a resistor R4, the output end of the amplifier is connected with a resistor R5 and a capacitor C3, the resistor R5 is connected with the output end of the current detection circuit, and then signals can be output for AD conversion.
Second embodiment of motor drive circuit:
referring to fig. 2, the second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment except that the first embodiment employs a lower switching tube driving signal and the second embodiment employs an upper switching tube driving signal. Specifically, the current sampling circuit includes a dead zone delay circuit, and also includes a MOS tube 3, a fifth resistor R6 and a sixth resistor R7, wherein the fifth resistor R6 is connected between the sampling end and the grid electrode of the MOS tube 3, the sixth resistor R7 is connected between the power supply and the drain electrode of the MOS tube 3, the source electrode of the MOS tube 3 is grounded, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube 3 is connected with the cathode of the diode.
Third embodiment of motor drive circuit:
referring to fig. 3, the PWM circuit shown in fig. 3 is applied to the principle described above to drive the driving circuit, that is, the PWM control method using the space voltage vector.
Fourth embodiment of motor drive circuit:
referring to fig. 4, the above principle is applied, and another PWM circuit shown in fig. 4 drives the driving circuit, so as to achieve the object of the present invention.
Current detection method embodiment:
The switching tube of the driving circuit is connected with a radiator for radiating because of large heating value, and the switching tube is a characteristic curve given by a manufacturer, and the characteristic curve relates to junction temperature and resistance value.
The current detection method comprises the following steps:
a circuit zero bias step, wherein the circuit zero bias step comprises the steps of conducting a lower switching tube when a motor driving circuit does not work, sampling voltage for a plurality of times at intervals and taking average voltage;
A tube pressure drop sampling step including sampling tube pressure drops of the upper switching tube and the lower switching tube;
A junction temperature calculating step, wherein the junction temperature calculating step comprises estimating the junction temperature of a switching tube according to the temperature of a radiator and the switching loss of the switching tube;
a resistance calculation step, wherein the resistance calculation step comprises the step of looking up a table or calculating the resistance of the switching tube according to the characteristic curve of the switching tube and the junction temperature of the switching tube,
And a phase current calculation step.
Specifically, the phase current calculation step includes:
calculating phase current according to the tube voltage drop of the switching tube and the resistance of the switching tube;
comparing the three-phase pulse width, and discarding the current with the widest pulse width in one phase;
the third phase current can be obtained by using the sum of the three phase currents to be equal to zero, so that the sum of the other two phase currents is inverted, the third phase current is obtained, and the detection of the three phase current is completed.
Claims (3)
1. The motor driving circuit for low-cost current detection is characterized by comprising a three-phase bridge arm and a three-phase current detection circuit, wherein each phase of bridge arm comprises an upper switching tube and a lower switching tube which are connected in series, a source electrode of the upper switching tube is connected with a drain electrode of the lower switching tube, and each phase of bridge arm is respectively connected in parallel with two ends of a power supply Udc;
The current detection circuit for each phase comprises:
The sampling end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the grid electrode of the upper switching tube, and the current sampling circuit comprises a delay circuit;
the sampling switch circuit comprises a first MOS tube and a second MOS tube, wherein the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected between the source electrode of the upper switch tube and the drain electrode of the lower switch tube, the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS tube, the grid electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube, and the delay circuit is connected between the grid electrode of the first MOS tube and the sampling end;
the sampling and holding circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a first capacitor, wherein the first resistor is connected between the drain electrode of the second MOS tube and the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the second resistor is connected with the first end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded with the second end of the first capacitor;
The amplifying circuit is connected between the first end of the second resistor and the output end of the current detection circuit;
the delay circuit comprises a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a second capacitor and a first diode, wherein the third resistor is connected with the first diode in parallel, the positive electrode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube;
the current sampling circuit further comprises a third MOS tube, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor, wherein the fifth resistor is connected between the sampling end and the grid electrode of the third MOS tube, the sixth resistor is connected between a power supply and the drain electrode of the third MOS tube, the source electrode of the third MOS tube is grounded, and the drain electrode of the third MOS tube is connected with the cathode of the first diode.
2. The motor driving circuit for low-cost current detection is characterized by comprising a three-phase bridge arm and a three-phase current detection circuit, wherein each phase of bridge arm comprises an upper switching tube and a lower switching tube which are connected in series, a source electrode of the upper switching tube is connected with a drain electrode of the lower switching tube, and each phase of bridge arm is respectively connected in parallel with two ends of a power supply Udc;
The current detection circuit for each phase comprises:
The sampling end of the current sampling circuit is connected with the grid electrode of the lower switch tube, and the current sampling circuit comprises a delay circuit;
the sampling switch circuit comprises a first MOS tube and a second MOS tube, wherein the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected between the source electrode of the upper switch tube and the drain electrode of the lower switch tube, the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the source electrode of the second MOS tube, the grid electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube, and the delay circuit is connected between the grid electrode of the first MOS tube and the sampling end;
the sampling and holding circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a first capacitor, wherein the first resistor is connected between the drain electrode of the second MOS tube and the first end of the second resistor, the first end of the second resistor is connected with the first end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded with the second end of the first capacitor;
The amplifying circuit is connected between the first end of the second resistor and the output end of the current detection circuit;
the delay circuit comprises a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a second capacitor and a first diode, wherein the third resistor is connected with the first diode in parallel, the positive electrode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the second capacitor and the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the second capacitor is grounded, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the grid electrode of the first MOS tube;
the negative electrode of the first diode is connected with the sampling end.
3. A method for detecting the current of a motor driving circuit, characterized in that the motor driving circuit adopts the motor driving circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, and a switch tube of the driving circuit is connected with a radiator;
The current detection method comprises the following steps:
a circuit zero bias step, wherein the circuit zero bias step comprises the steps of conducting a lower switching tube when a motor driving circuit does not work, sampling voltage for a plurality of times at intervals and taking average voltage;
A tube pressure drop sampling step including sampling tube pressure drops of the upper switching tube and the lower switching tube;
a junction temperature calculating step, wherein the junction temperature calculating step comprises estimating the junction temperature of a switching tube according to the temperature of a radiator and the switching loss of the switching tube;
A resistance calculation step of calculating the resistance of the switching tube according to the characteristic curve of the switching tube and the junction temperature of the switching tube,
A phase current calculation step of calculating a phase current,
The phase current calculation step includes:
calculating phase current according to the tube voltage drop of the switching tube and the resistance of the switching tube;
comparing the three-phase pulse width, and discarding the current with the widest pulse width in one phase;
And summing and inverting the other two phases of current, then obtaining a third phase of current, and completing the detection of the three phase of current.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710942736.4A CN107689759B (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2017-10-11 | Motor driving circuit for low-cost current detection and detection method |
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| CN201710942736.4A CN107689759B (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2017-10-11 | Motor driving circuit for low-cost current detection and detection method |
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| CN107689759A CN107689759A (en) | 2018-02-13 |
| CN107689759B true CN107689759B (en) | 2024-07-19 |
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108445307B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2024-05-24 | 宁波高悦智能科技有限公司 | Detection circuit and detection method for motor faults of electronic water pump |
| CN109782045A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-21 | 深圳市优必选科技有限公司 | Current sampling method and current sampling system of motor driving circuit |
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| CN106370912B (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2020-02-11 | 李鹏 | Method and system for improving current sampling precision of MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) tube and motor driving system |
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| CN105403753A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-16 | 成都启臣微电子有限公司 | Auxiliary sampling circuit of primary inductance peak current of switching power supply |
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