CN108321978A - A kind of flywheel energy storage magnetic force coupling gearing device - Google Patents

The invention discloses a kind of flywheel energy storage magnetic force coupling gearing devices；Include mainly casing, internal box, flywheel rotor, main shaft and magnetic driver mechanism；Stator, p-m rotor and the adjustable magnetic rotor of magnetic driver mechanism are all cylindrical shape, and adjustable magnetic rotor is between stator and p-m rotor；There are radial air gaps between adjustable magnetic rotor and stator, and there are radial air gaps between adjustable magnetic rotor and p-m rotor；Adjustable magnetic rotor axis one end is connect with adjustable magnetic rotor；The other end stretches out casing；The present invention can recycle the braking energy of vehicle；Compared to traditional electric drive formula, mechanical flywheel energy storage system, has many advantages, such as compact-sized small, static seal, Wen Sheng little, magnetic drives, electrodeless variable-speed in babinet.

一种飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置A flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission device

技术领域technical field

本发明属于一种储能装置，特别是涉及一种飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置，尤其适合车用的制动储能。The invention belongs to an energy storage device, in particular to a flywheel energy storage magnetic force coupling transmission device, which is especially suitable for braking energy storage for vehicles.

背景技术Background technique

随着能源危机和环境问题的日益凸显，开发节能环保型汽车已成为未来汽车工。业的发展趋势。从节能的角度，目前驱动车辆的节能效果主要体现在两个方面：一是在混合动力汽车(包括部分插电式)上，可以控制内燃机始终在效率较高的区域工作；二是在制动过程中可以大幅回收动能。由于在汽车行驶所消耗的能量中，制动消耗的能量占了很大的比例，故大多数电驱动车辆都配备的制动能量回收功能。飞轮储能具有储能密度高、适应性强、应用范围广、效率高、长寿命、无污染和维修花费低等优点。但现有电驱式飞轮储能系统普遍是通过电动机和发电机对飞轮储能系统进行能量储存和释放，由于飞轮转子和电动/发电机在同一箱体内密封，不可避免的会引起箱体内温升。其次是机械式飞轮储能系统中的行星齿轮变速器是一种精密的机械部件，因此运行过程中会出现振动、噪声、磨损和定期维护等问题。With the increasingly prominent energy crisis and environmental problems, the development of energy-saving and environment-friendly vehicles has become a future automobile industry. industry development trend. From the perspective of energy saving, the energy-saving effect of driving vehicles is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is that on hybrid electric vehicles (including some plug-in types), it is possible to control the internal combustion engine to always work in a high-efficiency area; A large amount of kinetic energy can be recovered in the process. Since the energy consumed by braking accounts for a large proportion of the energy consumed by driving, most electric vehicles are equipped with a braking energy recovery function. Flywheel energy storage has the advantages of high energy storage density, strong adaptability, wide application range, high efficiency, long life, no pollution and low maintenance cost. However, the existing electric drive flywheel energy storage system generally uses the motor and generator to store and release the energy of the flywheel energy storage system. Since the flywheel rotor and the motor/generator are sealed in the same box, it will inevitably cause the temperature inside the box to increase. Lift. Secondly, the planetary gear transmission in the mechanical flywheel energy storage system is a precise mechanical component, so problems such as vibration, noise, wear and regular maintenance will occur during operation.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是为了解决现有飞轮储能系统存在结构复杂、体积较大、集成度低以及系统中的机械齿轮存在振动、噪声和摩擦损耗等问题，提供了一种满足飞轮储能功能的且用磁力传动的飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flywheel energy storage system that satisfies the flywheel energy storage function in order to solve the problems of complex structure, large volume, low integration level and vibration, noise and friction loss of the mechanical gears in the system in the existing flywheel energy storage system. And the flywheel energy storage magnetic force coupling transmission device with magnetic force transmission.

本发明目的通过如下技术方案实现：The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置，主要包括机壳、内箱体、飞轮转子、主轴和磁力耦合传动机构；A flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission device mainly includes a casing, an inner box, a flywheel rotor, a main shaft and a magnetic coupling transmission mechanism;

所述磁力耦合传动机构主要包括定子、永磁转子、调磁环转子和调磁环转子轴；定子、永磁转子和调磁环转子都为圆筒形，调磁环转子位于定子和永磁转子之间；调磁环转子和定子之间存在径向气隙，调磁环转子与永磁转子之间存在径向气隙；调磁环转子轴一端与调磁环转子连接；另一端伸出机壳；设定子磁极对数、调磁环转子中导磁块数、永磁转子磁极对数分别为P_out、N_s、P_in，N_s＝P_in+P_out；The magnetic coupling transmission mechanism mainly includes a stator, a permanent magnet rotor, a magnetic ring rotor and a magnetic ring rotor shaft; the stator, the permanent magnet rotor and the magnetic ring rotor are all cylindrical, and the magnetic ring rotor is located between the stator and the permanent magnet ring. Between the rotors; there is a radial air gap between the magnetic ring rotor and the stator, and there is a radial air gap between the magnetic ring rotor and the permanent magnet rotor; one end of the magnetic ring rotor shaft is connected to the magnetic ring rotor; the other end extends Out of the casing; set the number of sub-magnetic pole pairs, the number of magnetically conductive blocks in the magnetic ring rotor, and the number of permanent magnet rotor pole pairs respectively as P _out , N _s , P _in , N _s =P _in +P _out ;

所述机壳为空心结构，中部设有向内的连接体，内箱体设置在机壳空心内，与连接体连接，主要由内箱体和机壳形成密封空腔结构；飞轮转子和磁力耦合传动机构的永磁转子设置在密封空腔结构中，飞轮转子和永磁转子分别和主轴连接；调磁环转子轴位于内箱体外周。The casing is a hollow structure, the middle part is provided with an inward connecting body, the inner box is arranged in the hollow of the casing, connected with the connecting body, and the sealed cavity structure is mainly formed by the inner box and the casing; the flywheel rotor and the magnetic force The permanent magnet rotor of the coupling transmission mechanism is arranged in the sealed cavity structure, and the flywheel rotor and the permanent magnet rotor are respectively connected to the main shaft;

为进一步实现本发明目的，优选地，所述定子由定子铁心和定子绕组构成，定子绕组是一个m相定子绕组，当定子绕组通有m相交流电流时，形成P_out极对数的旋转电枢磁场，m、P_out为正整数；定子与机壳内侧连接。In order to further realize the purpose of the present invention, preferably, the stator is composed of a stator core and a stator winding, and the stator winding is an m-phase stator winding. When the stator winding is passed through an m-phase alternating current, a rotating electric current of P _out pole pairs is formed. The pivot magnetic field, m and P _out are positive integers; the stator is connected to the inner side of the casing.

优选地，所述永磁转子主要由永磁转子铁心和2P_in个永磁体单元构成，2P_in个永磁体单元沿圆周方向均匀分布排列并固定在永磁转子铁心的外圆表面上，相邻两块永磁体单元的充磁方向相反。Preferably, the permanent magnet rotor is mainly composed of a permanent magnet rotor core and 2P _in permanent magnet units, and the 2P _in permanent magnet units are evenly distributed and arranged along the circumferential direction and fixed on the outer circular surface of the permanent magnet rotor core. The magnetization directions of the two permanent magnet units are opposite.

优选地，所述调磁环转子由沿圆周方向交错设置的N_s个导磁块和N_s个非导磁块构成，N_s为正整数。Preferably, the magnetic ring rotor is composed of N _s magnetic permeable blocks and N _s non-magnetic permeable blocks arranged staggered along the circumferential direction, and N _s is a positive integer.

优选地，所述导磁块选用软磁复合材料、硅钢片、实心铁或软磁铁氧体；导磁块由硅钢片叠压形成时，硅钢片沿轴向方向叠压形成导磁块或者是硅钢片沿圆周方向叠压形成导磁块；所述非导磁块选用环氧树脂或氧化锆材料。Preferably, the magnetic block is made of soft magnetic composite material, silicon steel sheet, solid iron or soft ferrite; when the magnetic block is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, the silicon steel sheets are laminated in the axial direction to form a magnetic block or Silicon steel sheets are laminated along the circumferential direction to form a magnetically conductive block; the non-magnetically conductive block is made of epoxy resin or zirconia.

优选地，所述的密封空腔结构还包括左端盖、左轴承端盖、第四密封垫片、第一密封垫片和第二密封垫片；左轴承端盖与左端盖采用第四密封垫片和周向布置的螺栓密封连接，左端盖与主箱体采用第一密封垫片和周向布置的螺栓密封连接，内箱体与主箱体采用第二密封垫片和周向布置的螺栓密封连接。Preferably, the sealed cavity structure further includes a left end cover, a left bearing end cover, a fourth sealing gasket, a first sealing gasket and a second sealing gasket; the left bearing end cover and the left end cover adopt the fourth sealing gasket The left end cover and the main box are sealed and connected with the first sealing gasket and the circumferentially arranged bolts, and the inner box and the main box are connected with the second sealing gasket and the circumferentially arranged bolts Sealed connection.

优选地，主轴左端通过第一磁浮轴承与左端盖转动连接，主轴中间部位通过第二磁浮轴承与主箱体的连接体转动连接；飞轮转子与永磁转子分别通过第一花键和第二花键固定在主轴上。Preferably, the left end of the main shaft is rotatably connected to the left end cover through the first magnetic bearing, and the middle part of the main shaft is rotatably connected to the connecting body of the main box through the second magnetic bearing; the flywheel rotor and the permanent magnet rotor are respectively connected through the first spline and the second spline The key is fixed on the spindle.

优选地，所述调磁环转子轴一端通过绝缘垫片和紧固螺栓固定在调磁环转子上；所述调磁环转子轴的一端从右轴承端盖伸出机壳，且通过第二深沟球轴承与右端盖转动连接；右轴承端盖与右端盖连接；右端盖与机壳右端连接。Preferably, one end of the rotor shaft of the magnetic modulation ring is fixed on the rotor of the magnetic modulation ring through insulating gaskets and fastening bolts; one end of the rotor shaft of the magnetic modulation ring protrudes from the right bearing end The deep groove ball bearing is rotationally connected with the right end cover; the right bearing end cover is connected with the right end cover; the right end cover is connected with the right end of the casing.

优选地，所述调磁环转子轴通过第一深沟球轴承与机壳内侧连接。Preferably, the magnetic ring rotor shaft is connected to the inner side of the housing through a first deep groove ball bearing.

优选地，所述主箱体设置在基座上，堵头设置左端盖上。Preferably, the main box is arranged on the base, and the plug is arranged on the left end cover.

相对于现有技术，本发明具有如下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1、本发明将飞轮转子和一种磁力耦合传动机构巧妙结合，磁力耦合传动机构主要由定子、调磁环转子、永磁转子组成；调磁环转子和定子之间存在径向气隙，调磁环转子与永磁转子之间存在径向气隙；飞轮转子和磁力耦合传动机构的永磁转子设置在密封空腔结构中，飞轮转子和永磁转子分别和主轴连接；磁力耦合传动机构可实现调速，飞轮转子可实现充放能，利用两者的位置关系、定子永磁转子极数比、速度转矩控制方式，可实现对车辆制动能量的回收。1. In the present invention, the flywheel rotor is ingeniously combined with a magnetic coupling transmission mechanism. The magnetic coupling transmission mechanism is mainly composed of a stator, a magneto-regulating ring rotor, and a permanent magnet rotor; there is a radial air gap between the magneto-regulating ring rotor and the stator. There is a radial air gap between the magnetic ring rotor and the permanent magnet rotor; the flywheel rotor and the permanent magnet rotor of the magnetic coupling transmission mechanism are arranged in a sealed cavity structure, and the flywheel rotor and the permanent magnet rotor are respectively connected to the main shaft; the magnetic coupling transmission mechanism can To achieve speed regulation, the flywheel rotor can realize charging and discharging energy, and use the positional relationship between the two, the stator permanent magnet rotor pole number ratio, and the speed torque control method to realize the recovery of vehicle braking energy.

2、本发明永磁转子、调磁环转子通过磁力传递速度和转矩，具有无摩擦损耗、低振动、低噪声、高可靠性等优点。2. The permanent magnet rotor and magnetic ring rotor of the present invention transmit speed and torque through magnetic force, and have the advantages of no friction loss, low vibration, low noise, and high reliability.

3、本发明飞轮转子与永磁转子同轴连接并真空密封在同一箱体内，相比传统电驱式飞轮储能系统中飞轮转子与电机在同一箱体内动密封，该方式箱体内温升小且密封可靠。3. The flywheel rotor and the permanent magnet rotor of the present invention are coaxially connected and vacuum-sealed in the same box. Compared with the traditional electric drive flywheel energy storage system, the flywheel rotor and the motor are dynamically sealed in the same box, and the temperature rise in the box in this way is small. And the sealing is reliable.

4、相比传统的机械式飞轮储能系统中飞轮转子+离合器+行星齿轮调速机构，该形式无离合器，结构简单、体积小、集成度高。4. Compared with the flywheel rotor + clutch + planetary gear speed regulating mechanism in the traditional mechanical flywheel energy storage system, this form has no clutch, simple structure, small size and high integration.

5、本发明车用飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置回收的制动能量可以通过快放和慢放的形式释放。慢放是能量先以飞轮机械能形式存储，再缓慢转换为电能后作为寄生能量存储在动力电池中；快放是能量回收结束后，车辆如果要瞬时加速，飞轮存储能量可立刻转化为车辆机械能。5. The braking energy recovered by the vehicle flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission device of the present invention can be released in the form of fast release and slow release. Slow release means that the energy is first stored in the form of flywheel mechanical energy, and then slowly converted into electrical energy and stored in the power battery as parasitic energy; fast release means that after energy recovery is completed, if the vehicle wants to accelerate instantaneously, the energy stored in the flywheel can be immediately converted into vehicle mechanical energy.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a flywheel energy storage magnetic force coupling transmission device of the present invention.

图2为图1的A‐A向剖视图。Fig. 2 is a sectional view along the line A-A of Fig. 1 .

图3为飞轮储能磁力耦合装置应用于车辆时的驱动系统。Fig. 3 is a drive system when the flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling device is applied to a vehicle.

图4为制动能量回收模式转速关系图。Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotational speed in the braking energy recovery mode.

图5为飞轮能量慢放模式转速关系图。Fig. 5 is a diagram of the rotational speed relationship in the flywheel energy slow release mode.

图6为飞轮能量快放模式转速关系图。Fig. 6 is a diagram of the rotational speed relationship in the flywheel energy fast release mode.

图中示出：基座1、连接螺栓2、堵头3、第四密封垫片4、左轴承端盖5、主轴6、第一磁浮轴承7、第一花键8、左端盖9、第一密封垫片10、飞轮转子11、第二磁浮轴承12、第二密封垫片13、主箱体14、第一深沟球轴承15、定子16、定子铁芯16‐1、定子绕组16‐2、调磁环转子17、导磁块17‐1、非导磁块17‐2、绝缘垫片18、永磁转子19、永磁转子铁芯19‐1、永磁体单元19‐2、第二花键20、第三密封垫片21、右轴承端盖22、调磁环转子轴23、第二深沟球轴承24、右端盖25、内箱体26、紧固螺栓27、蓄电池30、车辆控制器31、电力电子变换器32、飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置33、常规传动系统34、制动器35、离合器36、差速器37、驱动轮38。The figure shows: base 1, connecting bolt 2, plug 3, fourth sealing gasket 4, left bearing end cover 5, main shaft 6, first magnetic bearing 7, first spline 8, left end cover 9, the first A gasket 10, flywheel rotor 11, second magnetic bearing 12, second gasket 13, main box 14, first deep groove ball bearing 15, stator 16, stator core 16-1, stator winding 16- 2. Magnetic ring rotor 17, magnetically permeable block 17-1, non-magnetically permeable block 17-2, insulating gasket 18, permanent magnet rotor 19, permanent magnet rotor core 19-1, permanent magnet unit 19-2, the Second spline 20, third sealing gasket 21, right bearing end cover 22, magnetization ring rotor shaft 23, second deep groove ball bearing 24, right end cover 25, inner box 26, fastening bolt 27, battery 30, Vehicle controller 31 , power electronic converter 32 , flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission device 33 , conventional transmission system 34 , brake 35 , clutch 36 , differential 37 , and drive wheel 38 .

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为更好地理解本发明，下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明的实施方式不限如此。In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

如图1和2所示，一种飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置，包括机壳、内箱体26、飞轮转子11、主轴6和磁力耦合传动装置；As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission device includes a casing, an inner box 26, a flywheel rotor 11, a main shaft 6 and a magnetic coupling transmission device;

磁力耦合传动装置主要包括定子16、永磁转子19、调磁环转子17和调磁环转子轴23；定子16、永磁转子19和调磁环转子17都为圆筒形，调磁环转子17位于定子16和永磁转子19之间；调磁环转子17和定子16之间存在径向气隙L1，调磁环转子17与永磁转子19之间存在径向气隙L2；调磁环转子轴23一端与调磁环转子17连接；另一端伸出机壳；The magnetic coupling transmission mainly includes a stator 16, a permanent magnet rotor 19, a magnetic ring rotor 17 and a magnetic ring rotor shaft 23; the stator 16, the permanent magnet rotor 19 and the magnetic ring rotor 17 are all cylindrical, and the magnetic ring rotor 17 is located between the stator 16 and the permanent magnet rotor 19; there is a radial air gap L1 between the magnetic ring rotor 17 and the stator 16, and there is a radial air gap L2 between the magnetic ring rotor 17 and the permanent magnet rotor 19; One end of the ring rotor shaft 23 is connected with the magnetic adjustment ring rotor 17; the other end extends out of the casing;

机壳为空心结构，优选为圆筒形，中部设有向内的连接体，形成工字型结构；内箱体26设置在机壳空心内，与连接体连接，主要由内箱体26和机壳形成密封空腔结构；飞轮转子11和磁力耦合传动装置的永磁转子19设置在密封空腔结构中，飞轮转子11和永磁转子19分别和主轴6连接；调磁环转子轴17位于内箱体26的外周；The casing is a hollow structure, preferably cylindrical, and the middle part is provided with an inward connecting body to form an I-shaped structure; the inner box 26 is arranged in the hollow of the casing and connected with the connecting body, mainly composed of the inner box 26 and the connecting body. The casing forms a sealed cavity structure; the flywheel rotor 11 and the permanent magnet rotor 19 of the magnetic coupling transmission device are arranged in the sealed cavity structure, and the flywheel rotor 11 and the permanent magnet rotor 19 are connected to the main shaft 6 respectively; the outer periphery of the inner box 26;

设定子磁极对数、调磁环转子中导磁块数、永磁转子磁极对数分别为P_out、N_s、P_in，且必须满足N_s＝P_in+P_out。The number of sub-magnetic pole pairs, the number of magnetically permeable blocks in the magnetic ring rotor, and the number of permanent magnet rotor pole pairs are respectively P _out , N _s , and P _in , and N _s =P _in +P _out must be satisfied.

优选地，如图2所示，定子16由定子铁心16‐1和定子绕16‐2组构成，定子绕组16‐2是一个m相定子绕组，当定子绕组16‐2通有m相交流电流时，形成P_out极对数的旋转电枢磁场，m、P_out为正整数；定子16与机壳内侧连接。Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2, the stator 16 is composed of a stator core 16-1 and a stator winding 16-2. The stator winding 16-2 is an m-phase stator winding. When the stator winding 16-2 has an m-phase AC current , forming a rotating armature magnetic field with P _out pole pairs, m and P _out are positive integers; the stator 16 is connected to the inside of the casing.

永磁转子19主要由永磁转子铁心19‐1和2P_in个永磁体单元19‐2构成，2P_in个永磁体单元19‐2沿圆周方向均匀分布排列并固定在永磁转子铁心19‐1的外圆表面上，相邻两块永磁体单元19‐2的充磁方向相反。The permanent magnet rotor 19 is mainly composed of a permanent magnet rotor core 19-1 and 2P _in permanent magnet units 19-2, and the 2P _in permanent magnet units 19-2 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and fixed on the permanent magnet rotor core 19-1 On the outer circular surface of , the magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnet units 19-2 are opposite.

调磁环转子17由沿圆周方向交错设置的N_s个导磁块17‐1和N_s个非导磁块17‐2构成，N_s为正整数。优选地，导磁块17‐1选用软磁复合材料、硅钢片、实心铁或软磁铁氧体；导磁块由硅钢片叠压形成时，硅钢片沿轴向方向叠压形成导磁块或者是硅钢片沿圆周方向叠压形成导磁块；非导磁块17‐2选用环氧树脂或氧化锆材料。The magnetic ring rotor 17 is composed of N _s magnetic permeable blocks 17-1 and N _s non-magnetic permeable blocks 17-2 arranged staggered along the circumferential direction, and N _s is a positive integer. Preferably, the magnetic block 17-1 is made of soft magnetic composite material, silicon steel sheet, solid iron or soft ferrite; when the magnetic block is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, the silicon steel sheets are laminated in the axial direction to form a magnetic block or Silicon steel sheets are stacked along the circumferential direction to form a magnetic block; the non-magnetic block 17-2 is made of epoxy resin or zirconia.

密封空腔结构还包括左端盖9、左轴承端盖5、第四密封垫片4、第一密封垫片10和第二密封垫片13；左轴承端盖5与左端盖9采用第四密封垫片4和周向布置的螺栓密封连接，左端盖9与主箱体14采用第一密封垫片10和周向布置的螺栓密封连接，内箱体26与主箱体14采用第二密封垫片13和周向布置的螺栓密封连接。The sealed cavity structure also includes the left end cover 9, the left bearing end cover 5, the fourth sealing gasket 4, the first sealing gasket 10 and the second sealing gasket 13; the left bearing end cover 5 and the left end cover 9 adopt the fourth sealing The gasket 4 is sealed and connected with the bolts arranged in the circumferential direction, the left end cover 9 and the main box body 14 are sealed and connected with the first sealing gasket 10 and the bolts arranged in the circumferential direction, and the inner box body 26 and the main box body 14 are connected with the second sealing gasket The sheet 13 is tightly connected with the circumferentially arranged bolts.

优选主轴6左端通过第一磁浮轴承7与左端盖5转动连接，主轴6中间部位通过第二磁浮轴承12与主箱体14的连接体转动连接；飞轮转子11与永磁转子19分别通过第一花键8和第二花键20固定在主轴上。主箱体14设置在基座1上，堵头3优选设置左端盖9上，控制密封腔体结构的真空度，启动真空泵进行抽气，由于系统中的空气很难抽尽，为了达到0.1Pa的真空度，抽真空要分数次进行，其间隔为10min左右，以使系统内的压力均衡。Preferably, the left end of the main shaft 6 is rotationally connected with the left end cover 5 through the first magnetic bearing 7, and the middle part of the main shaft 6 is rotationally connected with the connecting body of the main box 14 through the second magnetic bearing 12; the flywheel rotor 11 and the permanent magnet rotor 19 are respectively passed through the first The spline 8 and the second spline 20 are fixed on the main shaft. The main box 14 is set on the base 1, and the plug 3 is preferably set on the left end cover 9 to control the vacuum degree of the sealed cavity structure and start the vacuum pump to pump air. Since the air in the system is difficult to exhaust, in order to reach 0.1Pa Vacuuming should be carried out several times, with an interval of about 10 minutes, so as to balance the pressure in the system.

优选调磁环转子输出轴23和主轴6的轴线重合。Preferably, the axes of the magnetic ring rotor output shaft 23 and the main shaft 6 coincide.

调磁环转子轴23一端通过绝缘垫片18和紧固螺栓27固定在调磁环转子17上；调磁环转子轴23的一端从右轴承端盖22伸出机壳，且通过第二深沟球轴承24与右端盖25转动连接；右轴承端盖22与右端盖25连接；右端盖25与机壳右端连接。One end of the magnetic ring rotor shaft 23 is fixed on the magnetic ring rotor 17 through the insulating gasket 18 and the fastening bolt 27; one end of the magnetic ring rotor shaft 23 extends out of the casing from the right bearing end cover 22, and passes through the second deep The groove ball bearing 24 is rotationally connected with the right end cover 25; the right bearing end cover 22 is connected with the right end cover 25; the right end cover 25 is connected with the right end of the casing.

本发明机壳可以包括左端盖9、右端盖25和主箱体14以及左轴承端盖5、右轴承端盖22。The casing of the present invention can include a left end cover 9, a right end cover 25, a main casing 14, a left bearing end cover 5, and a right bearing end cover 22.

本发明飞轮转子11与永磁转子17同轴连接，且分别通过第一花键8和第二花键20固定在主轴6上，主轴6左端通过第一磁浮轴承7与左端盖9转动连接，主轴6中间部位通过第二磁浮轴承12与主箱体14转动连接，并密封在由左轴承端盖5、左端盖9、主箱体14、内箱体26组成的真空箱体内。飞轮转子11可选用超高强度钢。The flywheel rotor 11 of the present invention is coaxially connected with the permanent magnet rotor 17, and is respectively fixed on the main shaft 6 through the first spline 8 and the second spline 20, and the left end of the main shaft 6 is rotationally connected with the left end cover 9 through the first magnetic bearing 7, The middle part of the main shaft 6 is rotationally connected with the main box body 14 through the second magnetic bearing 12, and is sealed in the vacuum box body composed of the left bearing end cover 5, the left end cover 9, the main box body 14 and the inner box body 26. The flywheel rotor 11 can be made of ultra-high strength steel.

本发明的密封措施：左轴承端盖5与左端盖9采用密封垫片4和周向布置的螺栓进行密封连接，左端盖9与工字型主箱体14采用密封垫片10和周向布置的螺栓进行密封连接，内箱体26与主箱体14采用密封垫片13和周向布置的螺栓进行密封连接。The sealing measures of the present invention: the left bearing end cover 5 and the left end cover 9 are sealed and connected by the sealing gasket 4 and the bolts arranged in the circumferential direction, and the left end cover 9 and the I-shaped main box 14 are connected by the sealing gasket 10 and the circumferential arrangement The bolts are sealed and connected, and the inner box 26 and the main box 14 are sealed and connected with the sealing gasket 13 and the bolts arranged in the circumferential direction.

调磁环转子设计：调磁环转子17位于定子16和永磁转子19之间，通过紧固螺栓27固定在调磁环转子轴23的端盖上，其中绝缘垫片18位于调磁环转子17和调磁环转子轴23的端盖之间；调磁环转子17采用第一深沟球轴承15与工字型主箱体14转动连接，调磁环转子轴23采用第二深沟球轴承24与右端盖25转动连接。Magnetic ring rotor design: The magnetic ring rotor 17 is located between the stator 16 and the permanent magnet rotor 19, and is fixed on the end cover of the magnetic ring rotor shaft 23 by fastening bolts 27, wherein the insulating gasket 18 is located on the magnetic ring rotor 17 and the end cover of the magnetic ring rotor shaft 23; the magnetic ring rotor 17 adopts the first deep groove ball bearing 15 to rotate with the I-shaped main box 14, and the magnetic ring rotor shaft 23 adopts the second deep groove ball bearing The bearing 24 is rotatably connected with the right end cover 25 .

磁力耦合传动机构为无刷双转子电机结构，主要由定子16、调磁环转子17、永磁转子19组成。优选调磁环转子17和定子16之间存在径向气隙L1为1mm，调磁环转子与永磁转子之间存在径向气隙L2为3mm。The magnetic coupling transmission mechanism is a brushless double-rotor motor structure, which is mainly composed of a stator 16 , a magneto-regulating ring rotor 17 and a permanent magnet rotor 19 . Preferably, there is a radial air gap L1 between the magnetic ring rotor 17 and the stator 16 of 1 mm, and a radial air gap L2 between the magnetic ring rotor and the permanent magnet rotor is 3 mm.

优选定子绕组16‐2是一个3相定子绕组，当定子绕组16‐2通有3相交流电流时，会形成13极对数的旋转电枢磁场，即P_out取13。Preferably, the stator winding 16-2 is a 3-phase stator winding. When the stator winding 16-2 is supplied with a 3-phase AC current, a rotating armature magnetic field with 13 pole pairs will be formed, that is, P _out is 13.

永磁转子19的极对数取2对，即P_in＝2，永磁转子19由永磁转子铁心19‐1和4个永磁体单元19‐2构成，4个永磁体单元19‐2沿圆周方向均匀分布排列并表贴在永磁转子铁心19‐1的外圆表面上，相邻两块永磁体单元的充磁方向相反。The number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet rotor 19 is 2 pairs, that is, P _in =2, the permanent magnet rotor 19 is composed of a permanent magnet rotor core 19-1 and 4 permanent magnet units 19-2, and the 4 permanent magnet units 19-2 are The circumferential direction is uniformly arranged and surface-attached on the outer surface of the permanent magnet rotor core 19-1, and the magnetization directions of the two adjacent permanent magnet units are opposite.

调磁环转子17由15个导磁块17‐1、15个非导磁块17‐2构成且沿圆周方向交错布置，即N_s＝15。导磁块17‐1选用硅钢片，沿圆周方向叠压形成导磁块。非导磁块17‐2选用氧化锆陶瓷材料。The magnetic ring rotor 17 is composed of 15 magnetically permeable blocks 17-1 and 15 non-magnetically permeable blocks 17-2, which are staggered along the circumferential direction, that is, N _s =15. The magnetic permeable block 17-1 is made of silicon steel sheets, which are laminated along the circumferential direction to form a magnetic permeable block. The non-magnetic block 17-2 selects zirconia ceramic material for use.

定子磁极对数P_out、调磁环转子中导磁块数N_s、永磁转子磁极对数P_in满足条件N_s＝P_out+P_in。The number of stator pole pairs P _out , the number of magnetically permeable blocks in the magnetic ring rotor N _s , and the number of permanent magnet rotor pole pairs P _in satisfy the condition N _s =P _out +P _in .

为了说明本发明的工作原理，下面以图3所示应用为例进行说明。In order to illustrate the working principle of the present invention, the application shown in FIG. 3 is taken as an example below.

设定子磁极对数、调磁环转子中导磁块数、永磁转子磁极对数分别为P_out、N_s、P_in，同时假设定子磁场转速、调磁环转子转速和永磁转子转速分别是ω_out、ω_s、ω_in。Set the number of sub-magnetic pole pairs, the number of magnetic blocks in the magnetic ring rotor, and the number of permanent magnetic rotor pole pairs as P _out , N _s , and P _in , and assume the stator magnetic field speed, the magnetic ring rotor speed and the permanent magnet rotor speed They are ω _out , ω _s , ω _in , respectively.

根据磁场调制原理，定子磁场转速、调磁环转子转速和永磁转子转速满足如下关系：According to the principle of magnetic field modulation, the stator magnetic field speed, the magnetic ring rotor speed and the permanent magnet rotor speed satisfy the following relationship:

由式(1)可知定子磁场转速由调磁环转子转速和永磁转子转速共同决定，而且通过改变定子磁场转速，可以调节调磁环转子和永磁转子的转速差，实现两个转子转速的独立运行。It can be seen from formula (1) that the speed of the stator magnetic field is determined by the speed of the magnetic ring rotor and the permanent magnet rotor, and by changing the speed of the stator magnetic field, the speed difference between the magnetic ring rotor and the permanent magnetic rotor can be adjusted to achieve the speed difference between the two rotors Operate independently.

磁力耦合传动机构和行星齿轮具有相似的转速关系，其定子磁场、调磁环转子、永磁转子的转速相当于行星齿轮太阳轮、行星架、齿圈的转速。The magnetic coupling transmission mechanism and the planetary gear have a similar speed relationship, and the speeds of the stator magnetic field, the magnetic ring rotor, and the permanent magnet rotor are equivalent to the speeds of the sun gear, the planet carrier, and the ring gear of the planetary gear.

用图解分析方法分析其转速特性，当横坐标上代表定子、调磁环转子和永磁转子的3点满足一定位置约束关系时，即定子和调磁环转子距离为P_in/P_out，调磁环转子和永磁转子距离为1，纵坐标代表转速大小和方向，此时定子磁场转速、调磁环转子转速和永磁转子转速始终在同一直线上，即具有转速共线特性。Use the graphical analysis method to analyze its speed characteristics. When the three points on the abscissa representing the stator, the magnetic ring rotor and the permanent magnetic rotor meet a certain position constraint relationship, that is, the distance between the stator and the magnetic ring rotor is P _in /P _out , and the adjustment The distance between the magnetic ring rotor and the permanent magnet rotor is 1, and the ordinate represents the magnitude and direction of the speed. At this time, the speed of the stator magnetic field, the speed of the magnetic ring rotor and the speed of the permanent magnet rotor are always on the same straight line, that is, the speed is collinear.

调磁环转子17、永磁转子19分别作为装置的输入、输出构件时，通过对定子16侧磁场转速进行调节即可实现不同的转速或转矩输出。When the magnetic ring rotor 17 and the permanent magnet rotor 19 are respectively used as the input and output components of the device, different rotational speeds or torque outputs can be realized by adjusting the rotational speed of the magnetic field at the stator 16 side.

该驱动系统由蓄电池30、车辆控制器31、电力电子变换器32、飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置33、常规传动系统34、制动器35、离合器36、差速器37和驱动轮38组成。蓄电池30作为直流供电电源，该电源的端电压近似为恒定值，通过电力电子变换器32的作用可得到可变频率和电压的三相交流电。The driving system is composed of battery 30 , vehicle controller 31 , power electronic converter 32 , flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission 33 , conventional transmission system 34 , brake 35 , clutch 36 , differential 37 and drive wheel 38 . The storage battery 30 serves as a DC power supply, the terminal voltage of which is approximately constant, and a three-phase AC power with variable frequency and voltage can be obtained through the action of the power electronic converter 32 .

蓄电池30、车辆控制器31、常规传动系统34、制动器35、离合器36、差速器37和驱动轮38构成汽车的主驱动系统。The battery 30, the vehicle controller 31, the conventional transmission system 34, the brake 35, the clutch 36, the differential 37 and the drive wheels 38 constitute the main drive system of the automobile.

飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置33的机械端口与制动器35相连，且通过离合器36、差速器37作用于驱动轮38，飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置33电气端口通过电力电子变换器32与蓄电池30相连，构成了汽车的制动能量回收系统及汽车辅助驱动系统。The mechanical port of the flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission device 33 is connected to the brake 35, and acts on the drive wheel 38 through the clutch 36 and the differential 37, and the electrical port of the flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission device 33 is connected to the battery 30 through the power electronic converter 32 Connected to form the vehicle's braking energy recovery system and vehicle auxiliary drive system.

汽车正常运行时，由主驱动系统驱动；当汽车刹车、下坡时，由飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置33、制动器35、离合器36、差速器37和驱动轮38、电力电子变换器32、蓄电池30组成制动能量回收系统，可将制动能量转化为飞轮的机械能称为快充；当汽车需加速行驶，由飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置33、制动器35、离合器36、差速器37和驱动轮38、电力电子变换器32、蓄电池30组成辅助驱动系统，飞轮机械能瞬时释放，可通过调节电力电子变换器32的输出频率使车辆负载的速度上升，称为快放；当飞轮存储能量不足以驱动汽车加速运行或汽车不需加速行驶，可先将飞轮的机械能缓慢转化为电能存储在蓄电池中，称为慢放。When the car is running normally, it is driven by the main drive system; when the car brakes or goes downhill, the flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission device 33, brake 35, clutch 36, differential 37, drive wheel 38, power electronic converter 32, The battery 30 forms a braking energy recovery system, which can convert the braking energy into the mechanical energy of the flywheel, which is called fast charging; It forms an auxiliary drive system with the driving wheel 38, the power electronic converter 32 and the battery 30. The flywheel mechanical energy is released instantaneously, and the speed of the vehicle load can be increased by adjusting the output frequency of the power electronic converter 32, which is called fast release; when the flywheel stores energy If it is not enough to drive the car to accelerate or the car does not need to accelerate, the mechanical energy of the flywheel can be slowly converted into electrical energy and stored in the battery, which is called slow release.

飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置主要工作模式如下：The main working modes of the flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission device are as follows:

1)制动能量回收模式1) Brake energy recovery mode

图4为飞轮能量存储模式转速关系图；由定子磁场转速、调磁环转子转速和永磁转子转速具有转速共线特性得到，图4中实线为飞轮储能磁力耦合传动装置初始平衡状态对应的各部件转速，虚线为能量回收结束后装置各部件达到的平衡状态。Figure 4 is a diagram of the speed relationship in the flywheel energy storage mode; it is obtained from the collinear characteristics of the stator magnetic field speed, the magnetic ring rotor speed and the permanent magnet rotor speed, and the solid line in Figure 4 is the initial balance state of the flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission The rotating speed of each component of , the dotted line is the equilibrium state reached by each component of the device after the energy recovery is completed.

离合器36结合，制动器35分离。此时调磁环转子17由静止状态开始加速，即图4中调磁环转子转速ω_s从A点升到B点的过程，且按指数规律递增。定子绕组仍在最初设定的运行频率下即定子侧磁场转速ω_out为固定值，飞轮转子的速度ω_in由公式(1)可知，飞轮转子逐渐加速至角速度最大值，即图4中飞轮转子转速从C点到D点的过程，该过程为储能飞轮能量回收过程。该图4说明了车辆制动时，在离合器的摩擦力矩的作用下使得调磁环转子17加速，经飞轮储能磁力耦合传动机构进行速度放大，将制动能量储存在飞轮转子中的过程。The clutch 36 is engaged, and the brake 35 is disengaged. At this time, the magnetic ring rotor 17 starts to accelerate from the static state, that is, the process in which the magnetic ring rotor speed ω _s in Fig. 4 rises from point A to point B, and increases exponentially. The stator winding is still at the initially set operating frequency, that is, the magnetic field speed ω _out on the stator side is a fixed value, and the speed ω _in of the flywheel rotor can be known from formula (1). The flywheel rotor gradually accelerates to the maximum angular velocity, that is, the flywheel rotor in Fig. 4 The process of rotating speed from point C to point D is the energy recovery process of the energy storage flywheel. This figure 4 illustrates that when the vehicle brakes, under the action of the friction torque of the clutch, the magnetizing ring rotor 17 is accelerated, the speed is amplified through the flywheel energy storage magnetic coupling transmission mechanism, and the braking energy is stored in the flywheel rotor.

2)存储能量输出模式2) Storage energy output mode

图5为飞轮能量慢放模式转速关系图；由定子磁场转速、调磁环转子转速和永磁转子转速具有转速共线特性得到。图5中实线为能量回收结束后装置各部件达到的平衡状态，虚线为飞轮机械能逐渐转化为电能后达到的平衡态。Figure 5 is a diagram of the speed relationship in the flywheel energy slow release mode; it is obtained from the speed collinearity of the stator magnetic field speed, the magnetic ring rotor speed and the permanent magnet rotor speed. The solid line in Fig. 5 is the equilibrium state of each component of the device after energy recovery, and the dotted line is the equilibrium state after the mechanical energy of the flywheel is gradually converted into electrical energy.

慢放(飞轮存储能量转化为电能)：能量回收结束时，离合器36断开，制动器35结合。此时调磁环转子在制动器的作用下转速降为0r/min，即图5中调磁环转子转速ω_s从B点到A点，飞轮转子速度也随之逐渐降低，如图5所示飞轮转子转速ω_in从D点降到C点的过程。飞轮转子的机械能缓慢释放为定子侧电能后存储在动力电池中，直至飞轮转子降至最低储能速度，放能结束。图5说明了能量回收结束后，在制动器作用下，调磁环转子静止，此时磁力耦合传动机构相当于调磁型永磁发电机，实现飞轮转子机械能到电能的转化。Slow release (the energy stored in the flywheel is converted into electric energy): when the energy recovery ends, the clutch 36 is disconnected and the brake 35 is combined. At this time, the speed of the magnetic ring rotor is reduced to 0r/min under the action of the brake, that is, the speed of the magnetic ring rotor in Figure 5 _is from point B to point A, and the speed of the flywheel rotor is also gradually reduced, as shown in Figure 5 The process of flywheel rotor speed ω _in falling from point D to point C. The mechanical energy of the flywheel rotor is slowly released as electric energy on the stator side and stored in the power battery until the flywheel rotor drops to the minimum energy storage speed, and the energy discharge ends. Figure 5 illustrates that after the energy recovery is completed, under the action of the brake, the rotor of the magnetic adjustment ring is stationary. At this time, the magnetic coupling transmission mechanism is equivalent to the magnetic modulation type permanent magnet generator, which realizes the conversion of the mechanical energy of the flywheel rotor into electrical energy.

图6为飞轮能量快放模式转速关系图；由定子磁场转速、调磁环转子转速和永磁转子转速具有转速共线特性得到。图6中实线为能量回收结束后装置各部件达到的平衡状态，虚线为飞轮瞬时释放能量使汽车加速后各部件达到的平衡状态，双点画线为剩余存储能量以慢放形式释放后达到的平衡状态。Figure 6 is a diagram of the speed relationship in the flywheel energy fast release mode; it is obtained from the speed collinearity of the stator magnetic field speed, the magnetic ring rotor speed and the permanent magnet rotor speed. In Figure 6, the solid line is the equilibrium state of each component of the device after the energy recovery is completed, the dotted line is the equilibrium state of each component after the flywheel releases energy instantaneously to accelerate the car, and the double-dotted line is the remaining stored energy released in the form of slow release. Balanced state.

快放(飞轮存储能量转化为车辆机械能)：能量回收结束时，车辆如果要瞬时加速即图6中需要将调磁环转子速度从D点升到E点。此时离合器36继续结合，瞬时调节定子侧的频率的大小和方向，如图6所示定子侧频率从A点到B点时，定子磁场转速ω_out变化到某一固定值，由公式(4)可知，飞轮转子速度下降，飞轮转子速度ω_in从H点降到G点，调磁环转子速度将从D点上升到E点并带动车辆加速，最终达到平衡态，实现飞轮的瞬时能量释放。剩余能量仍可以以慢放的形式转化为电能加以回收。图6说明了能量回收结束后，瞬时调节定子侧的频率的大小和方向，可使车辆加速，剩余存储能量再以慢放形式释放。Fast release (the energy stored in the flywheel is converted into the mechanical energy of the vehicle): when the energy recovery is over, if the vehicle wants to accelerate instantaneously, that is, in Figure 6, the rotor speed of the magnetic ring needs to be raised from point D to point E. At this moment, the clutch 36 continues to combine, and the size and direction of the frequency on the stator side are adjusted instantaneously. When the frequency on the stator side is from point A to point _B as shown in FIG. ), it can be seen that the flywheel rotor speed decreases, the flywheel rotor speed ω _in drops from point H to point G, and the rotor speed of the magnet ring rises from point D to point E and drives the vehicle to accelerate, and finally reaches the equilibrium state, realizing the instantaneous energy release of the flywheel . The remaining energy can still be converted into electrical energy in the form of slow release for recovery. Figure 6 illustrates that after the energy recovery is completed, the magnitude and direction of the frequency on the stator side can be adjusted instantaneously to accelerate the vehicle, and the remaining stored energy can be released in the form of slow motion.