CN108382246B - Three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism for vehicle dynamic wireless power supply - Google Patents

为了克服现有无线供电磁耦合机构中输出功率波动大、传输距离较近、电磁兼容性差的问题，本发明提供一种应用于车辆动态无线供电的三相式磁耦合机构，属于无线电能传输技术领域。本发明包括用于发射电能的供电轨道和电能接收装置；供电轨道安装在车辆行进方向的道路下方；供电轨道包括三相供电线缆和供电轨道磁芯，三相供电线缆缠绕在供电轨道磁芯上；三相供电线缆通电后产生磁场向电能接收装置传输电能；三相线缆与供电轨道磁芯的配合方式为交叉缠绕或顺序缠绕，三相线缆除了在空间位置上沿行车方向相差1/3个行车周期距离外，其余完全相同；所述电能接收装置安装在车辆底盘上，通过电磁感应原理产生电压向负载供电，实现电能的无线传输。

In order to overcome the problems of large output power fluctuation, short transmission distance and poor electromagnetic compatibility in the existing wireless power supply electromagnetic coupling mechanism, the present invention provides a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to vehicle dynamic wireless power supply, which belongs to the wireless power transmission technology field. The invention includes a power supply rail for transmitting electric energy and an electric energy receiving device; the power supply rail is installed under the road in the traveling direction of the vehicle; the power supply rail comprises a three-phase power supply cable and a power supply rail magnetic core, and the three-phase power supply cable is wound on the power supply rail magnetic core. On the core; after the three-phase power supply cable is energized, a magnetic field is generated to transmit power to the power receiving device; the three-phase cable and the magnetic core of the power supply track are matched in a cross-winding or sequential winding. Except for the difference of 1/3 of the driving cycle distance, the rest are identical; the electric energy receiving device is installed on the vehicle chassis, and generates voltage to supply power to the load through the principle of electromagnetic induction, so as to realize wireless transmission of electric energy.

应用于车辆动态无线供电的三相式磁耦合机构Three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism for vehicle dynamic wireless power supply

技术领域technical field

本发明属于无线电能传输技术领域，尤其涉及一种应用于车辆动态无线供电的三相式磁耦合机构。The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless power transmission, and in particular relates to a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to dynamic wireless power supply of vehicles.

背景技术Background technique

电动汽车由于受到电池能量密度低、充电不方便、插电充电方式安全性差等诸多问题的制约，发展和推广的速度缓慢。而动态无线供电技术不仅很好地解决上述问题，还使得电动汽车摆脱了停车充电的束缚，解决了续航里程不足的瓶颈问题。Due to the constraints of low battery energy density, inconvenient charging, and poor safety of plug-in charging methods, the development and promotion of electric vehicles is slow. The dynamic wireless power supply technology not only solves the above problems well, but also frees the electric vehicle from the shackles of parking charging and solves the bottleneck problem of insufficient cruising range.

目前，具有磁芯结构的轨道式无线供电磁耦合机构凭借其良好的耦合性能及较高的传输功率，在车辆动态无线供电系统中被广泛应用，已有许多结构不同磁耦合机构被国内外研究机构提出，如公开号为CN201510560567的专利中提出的双C并联交替排列型无线供电轨道，在动态无线供电的过程中具有输出功率波动大的缺点；文献《A three-phaseinductive power transfer system for roadway-powered vehicles》中提出的车辆动态供电三相式磁耦合机构，供电轨道中没有磁芯，具有传输距离较近的缺点；文献《UltraslimS-Type Power Supply Rails for Roadway-Powered Electric Vehicles》中提出S型供电轨道，尽管传输距离较远，但是单相供电方式同样是该结构具有动态无线供电输出功率波动大的弊端。At present, the track-type wireless power supply electromagnetic coupling mechanism with magnetic core structure is widely used in the vehicle dynamic wireless power supply system due to its good coupling performance and high transmission power, and many magnetic coupling mechanisms with different structures have been studied at home and abroad. The organization proposes that the double-C parallel alternately arranged wireless power supply track proposed in the patent publication number CN201510560567 has the disadvantage of large output power fluctuation in the process of dynamic wireless power supply; the document "A three-phaseinductive power transfer system for roadway- The three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism for vehicle dynamic power supply proposed in "Powered Vehicles" has no magnetic core in the power supply rail, and has the disadvantage of short transmission distance; the document "Ultraslim S-Type Power Supply Rails for Roadway-Powered Electric Vehicles" proposes S-type For the power supply rail, although the transmission distance is long, the single-phase power supply method also has the disadvantage that the output power of the dynamic wireless power supply fluctuates greatly.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为了克服现有无线供电磁耦合机构中输出功率波动大、传输距离较近、电磁兼容性差的问题，本发明提供一种应用于车辆动态无线供电的三相式磁耦合机构。In order to overcome the problems of large output power fluctuation, short transmission distance and poor electromagnetic compatibility in the existing wireless power supply electromagnetic coupling mechanism, the present invention provides a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to vehicle dynamic wireless power supply.

本发明的应用于车辆动态无线供电的三相式磁耦合机构，所述三相式磁耦合机构包括用于发射电能的供电轨道和电能接收装置；The three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to the dynamic wireless power supply of the vehicle of the present invention comprises a power supply rail for transmitting electric energy and an electric energy receiving device;

所述供电轨道安装在车辆行进方向的道路下方；所述供电轨道包括三相供电线缆和供电轨道磁芯8，用于约束产生的磁力线走向，其中三相供电线缆缠绕在供电轨道磁芯8上；三相供电线缆通电后产生磁场向电能接收装置传输电能；所述三相供电线缆与供电轨道磁芯8的配合方式为交叉缠绕或顺序缠绕，三相供电线缆除了在空间位置上沿行车方向相差1/3个行车周期距离外，其余完全相同；The power supply rail is installed under the road in the direction of vehicle travel; the power supply rail includes a three-phase power supply cable and a power supply rail magnetic core 8 for constraining the direction of the generated magnetic lines of force, wherein the three-phase power supply cable is wound around the power supply rail magnetic core. 8. After the three-phase power supply cable is energized, a magnetic field is generated to transmit electric energy to the power receiving device; Except for the difference of 1/3 driving cycle distance along the driving direction, the rest are exactly the same;

所述电能接收装置安装在车辆底盘上，通过电磁感应原理产生电压向负载供电，实现电能的无线传输。The electric energy receiving device is installed on the vehicle chassis, and generates voltage to supply power to the load through the principle of electromagnetic induction, so as to realize the wireless transmission of electric energy.

优选的是，所述供电轨道磁芯8包括n个磁芯单元，n个磁芯单元沿行车方向连接在一起，每个磁芯单元包括底部连接磁芯5、立柱6和极靴7，其中n为正整数，且为3的倍数；Preferably, the power supply rail magnetic core 8 includes n magnetic core units, the n magnetic core units are connected together along the running direction, and each magnetic core unit includes a bottom connecting magnetic core 5, a column 6 and a pole piece 7, wherein n is a positive integer and a multiple of 3;

立柱6的底部固定在底部连接磁芯5上，极靴7固定在立柱6的顶部，每个磁芯单元的横截面和纵截面均呈“工”字型。The bottom of the column 6 is fixed on the bottom connecting magnetic core 5, the pole piece 7 is fixed on the top of the column 6, and the cross section and longitudinal section of each magnetic core unit are in the shape of "I".

优选的是，所述行车周期距离为相邻六个磁芯单元紧密连接在一起后，沿行车方向上的长度。Preferably, the driving cycle distance is the length along the driving direction after the adjacent six magnetic core units are closely connected together.

优选的是，A相供电线缆进行交叉缠绕的过程为：沿行车方向，从起点开始，A相供电线缆从第一个磁芯单元至第三个磁芯单元的立柱6的一侧穿入后，再从之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的另一侧穿入，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、立柱6的两侧交替穿入供电线缆，一直延伸到第n个磁芯单元的相应侧后，从第n个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧开始返程，返程时供电线缆采用与去程对称的方式缠绕，穿过n个磁芯单元后从第一个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧穿出，完成A相一匝供电线缆的绕制；Preferably, the process of cross-winding the A-phase power supply cable is as follows: along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the A-phase power supply cable is passed from the first magnetic core unit to the third magnetic core unit. One side of the column 6 After entering, then penetrate from the other side of the next three adjacent magnetic core units, and then use the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period, alternately penetrate the power supply cables on both sides of the column 6, and extend to the nth After the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, start the return journey from the other side of the column 6 of the nth magnetic core unit. During the return journey, the power supply cable is wound symmetrically with the outgoing journey. The other side of the column 6 of a magnetic core unit is passed out to complete the winding of the A-phase one-turn power supply cable;

重复上述过程，完成N匝A相供电线缆的绕制，其中匝数N由无线电能传输的功率决定，N为正整数；Repeat the above process to complete the winding of N turns of the A-phase power supply cable, wherein the number of turns N is determined by the power of wireless power transmission, and N is a positive integer;

B相供电线缆进行交叉缠绕的过程为：沿行车方向，从起点开始，B相供电线缆从第一个磁芯单元至第二个磁芯单元的立柱6的一侧穿入后，再从之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的另一侧穿入，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、立柱6的两侧交替穿入供电线缆，一直延伸到第n个磁芯单元相应侧后，从第n个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧开始返程，返程时供电线缆采用与去程对称的方式缠绕，穿过n个磁芯单元后从第一个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧穿出，完成B相一匝供电线缆的绕制；The process of cross-winding the B-phase power supply cable is: along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the B-phase power supply cable penetrates from the first magnetic core unit to the side of the column 6 of the second magnetic core unit, and then From the other side of the next three adjacent magnetic core units, then with the three adjacent magnetic core units as a cycle, the two sides of the column 6 alternately penetrate the power supply cable, and extend to the nth magnetic core unit After the corresponding side, start the return journey from the other side of the column 6 of the nth magnetic core unit. During the return journey, the power supply cable is wound symmetrically with the outgoing journey. The other side of the upright column 6 is passed out to complete the winding of one turn of the B-phase power supply cable;

重复上述过程，完成N匝B相供电线缆的绕制；Repeat the above process to complete the winding of N turns B-phase power supply cable;

C相供电线缆进行交叉缠绕的过程为：沿行车方向，从起点开始，C相供电线缆从第一个磁芯单元的立柱6的一侧穿入后，再从之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的另一侧穿入，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、立柱6的两侧交替穿入供电线缆，一直延伸到第n个磁芯单元的相应侧后，从第n个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧开始返程，返程时供电线缆采用与去程对称的方式缠绕，穿过n个磁芯单元后从第一个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧穿出，完成C相一匝供电线缆的绕制；The process of cross-winding the C-phase power supply cable is: along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the C-phase power supply cable penetrates from one side of the column 6 of the first magnetic core unit, and then from the next three adjacent The other side of the magnetic core unit is penetrated, and then the power supply cable is alternately penetrated on both sides of the column 6 in a period of three adjacent magnetic core units, and it has been extended to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit. The other side of the column 6 of the n magnetic core units starts the return journey. During the return journey, the power supply cable is wound in a symmetrical manner with the outgoing journey. The side is passed out to complete the winding of one turn of the C-phase power supply cable;

重复上述过程，完成N匝C相供电线缆的绕制；Repeat the above process to complete the winding of N turns of the C-phase power supply cable;

将在起点处的三相供电线缆的接线端连接在一起，实现星型连接。Connect the terminals of the three-phase supply cables together at the starting point for a star connection.

优选的是，Preferably,

A相供电线缆进行顺序缠绕的过程为：The sequence winding process of the A-phase power supply cable is as follows:

沿行车方向，从起点开始，A相供电线缆按顺时针或逆时针缠绕第一个至第三个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝后，再反方向缠绕之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、交替方向缠绕供电线缆，直至缠绕到第n个磁芯单元，完成N匝A相供电线缆的绕制；Along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the A-phase power supply cable is wound clockwise or counterclockwise around the columns 6 of the first to third magnetic core units for a total of N turns, and then the three adjacent magnetic cores are wound in the opposite direction. The column 6 of the unit has a total of N turns, and then the power supply cable is wound in alternating directions with the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, and the winding of N turns of the A-phase power supply cable is completed;

B相供电线缆进行顺序缠绕的过程为：The sequential winding process of the B-phase power supply cable is as follows:

沿行车方向，从起点开始，B相供电线缆按顺时针或逆时针缠绕第一个至第二个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝后，再反方向缠绕之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、方向交替缠绕供电线缆，直至缠绕到第n个磁芯单元，完成N匝B相供电线缆的绕制；Along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the B-phase power supply cable is wound clockwise or counterclockwise around the columns 6 of the first to second magnetic core units for a total of N turns, and then the three adjacent magnetic cores are wound in the opposite direction. The column 6 of the unit has a total of N turns, and then the power supply cable is alternately wound in the cycle and direction of the three adjacent magnetic core units until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, and the winding of N turns of the B-phase power supply cable is completed;

C相供电线缆进行顺序缠绕的过程为：The sequential winding process of the C-phase power supply cable is as follows:

沿行车方向，从起点开始，C相供电线缆按顺时针或逆时针缠绕第一个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝后，再反方向缠绕之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、方向交替缠绕供电线缆，直至缠绕到第n个磁芯单元，完成N匝C相供电线缆的绕制；Along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the C-phase power supply cable is wound clockwise or counterclockwise to the column 6 of the first magnetic core unit for a total of N turns, and then wound in the opposite direction to the column 6 of the three adjacent magnetic core units. There are N turns in total, and then the power supply cable is alternately wound in the cycle and direction of the three adjacent magnetic core units until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, and the winding of N turns of the C-phase power supply cable is completed;

将在第n个磁芯单元尾部的三相供电线缆的接线端连接在一起，实现星型连接。Connect the terminals of the three-phase power supply cables at the tail of the nth core unit together to achieve a star connection.

优选的是，三相供电线缆均绕制在立柱6的不同高度处，且三相供电线缆之间彼此不相互交叉。Preferably, the three-phase power supply cables are wound at different heights of the column 6, and the three-phase power supply cables do not cross each other.

优选的是，所述电能接收装置包括接收线圈9和接收端磁芯10；接收端磁芯10铺设在接收线圈9的上方，接收线圈9通过电磁感应原理产生电压向负载供电，实现电能的无线传输。Preferably, the power receiving device includes a receiving coil 9 and a receiving-end magnetic core 10; the receiving-end magnetic core 10 is laid above the receiving coil 9, and the receiving coil 9 generates a voltage to supply power to the load through the principle of electromagnetic induction, so as to realize the wireless transmission of electric energy. transmission.

优选的是，所述接收线圈9由同一平面上相邻的两个矩形线圈串联组成，矩形线圈中线缆为LIZI线；工作时，两个线圈中电流走向相反，每个矩形线圈的长度小于1/2个行车周期距离。Preferably, the receiving coil 9 is composed of two adjacent rectangular coils on the same plane in series, and the cables in the rectangular coils are LIZI lines; during operation, the currents in the two coils are opposite, and the length of each rectangular coil is less than 1/2 driving cycle distance.

优选的是，所述接收端磁芯10包括M条条形磁芯，M条条形磁芯沿接收线圈9轴线平行供电轨道对称放置，用于引导供电轨道产生的磁力线走向，M为正整数。Preferably, the magnetic core 10 at the receiving end includes M bar-shaped magnetic cores, and the M bar-shaped magnetic cores are placed symmetrically along the axis of the receiving coil 9 and parallel to the power supply track to guide the direction of the magnetic field lines generated by the power supply track, and M is a positive integer .

优选的是，所述三相供电线缆分别接三相电源的A、B、C相，流过的电流幅值相等，相位相差120°。Preferably, the three-phase power supply cables are respectively connected to phases A, B, and C of the three-phase power supply, and the currents flowing through the cables have the same amplitude and a phase difference of 120°.

上述技术特征可以各种适合的方式组合或由等效的技术特征来替代，只要能够达到本发明的目的。The above technical features can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent technical features, as long as the purpose of the present invention can be achieved.

本发明的有益效果在于，三相供电线缆中通入电流后在空间中激发行波磁场，接收线圈通过电磁感应原理产生电压向负载供电，实现电能的无线传输；通过磁耦合机构中供电轨道磁芯和接收端磁芯对磁力线的约束，使磁力线大部分穿过接收线圈，从而在降低电磁辐射的同时提高了发射、接收线圈间的耦合系数；且相比较于单相供电线缆产生的脉振磁场，三相供电线缆产生的行波磁场很大程度上降低了动态充电过程中输出功率的波动；The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the traveling wave magnetic field is excited in the space after the current is passed into the three-phase power supply cable, and the receiving coil generates voltage to supply power to the load through the principle of electromagnetic induction, so as to realize the wireless transmission of electric energy; The magnetic core and the magnetic core at the receiving end constrain the magnetic lines of force, so that most of the magnetic lines of force pass through the receiving coil, thereby reducing the electromagnetic radiation and improving the coupling coefficient between the transmitting and receiving coils; The pulsed magnetic field, the traveling wave magnetic field generated by the three-phase power supply cable greatly reduces the fluctuation of the output power during the dynamic charging process;

与现有的技术相比较，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1.车辆动态充电过程中输出功率无波动；1. There is no fluctuation in the output power during the dynamic charging of the vehicle;

2.供电轨道在车辆两侧产生的磁场相互抵消，漏磁泄露小，电磁兼容性好；2. The magnetic fields generated by the power supply rails on both sides of the vehicle cancel each other, the leakage magnetic leakage is small, and the electromagnetic compatibility is good;

3.三相供电线缆共用一套供电轨道磁芯，磁芯利用率高，且不易饱和，降低了成本；3. The three-phase power supply cable shares a set of power supply rail magnetic core, the magnetic core utilization rate is high, and it is not easy to be saturated, which reduces the cost;

4.供电轨道极窄，节约了供电轨道所需的成本，同时降低了施工难度；4. The power supply track is extremely narrow, which saves the cost of the power supply track and reduces the difficulty of construction;

5.与目前其他的动态无线供电磁耦合机构相比，传输距离更远、侧移能力更强。5. Compared with other current dynamic wireless power supply electromagnetic coupling mechanisms, the transmission distance is longer and the side shifting ability is stronger.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明具体实施方式中供电轨道的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply rail in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明具体实施方式中的A相供电线缆1与供电轨道磁芯的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of an A-phase power supply cable 1 and a power supply rail magnetic core in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图3为图2的俯视图；Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 2;

图4为本发明具体实施方式中的B相供电线缆2与供电轨道磁芯的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural diagram of the B-phase power supply cable 2 and the power supply rail magnetic core in the specific embodiment of the present invention;

图5为图4的俯视图；Fig. 5 is the top view of Fig. 4;

图6为本发明具体实施方式中的C相供电线缆3与供电轨道磁芯的结构示意图；6 is a schematic structural diagram of the C-phase power supply cable 3 and the power supply rail magnetic core in the specific embodiment of the present invention;

图7为图6的俯视图；Fig. 7 is the top view of Fig. 6;

图8为本发明具体实施方式中的三相供电线缆与供电轨道磁芯的结构示意图；8 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase power supply cable and a power supply rail magnetic core in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图9为图8的俯视图；Fig. 9 is the top view of Fig. 8;

图10为本发明具体实施方式中电能接收装置的接收线圈的结构示意图；10 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving coil of a power receiving device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图11为本发明具体实施方式中电能接收装置的结构示意图；11 is a schematic structural diagram of a power receiving device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图12为本发明具体实施方式中应用于车辆动态无线供电的三相式磁耦合机构的结构示意图；12 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to a vehicle dynamic wireless power supply in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图13为图12的侧视图；Figure 13 is a side view of Figure 12;

图14为车辆动态无线供电过程中发射、接收线圈间互感随位移的变化曲线；Figure 14 is the change curve of the mutual inductance between the transmitting and receiving coils with the displacement during the dynamic wireless power supply of the vehicle;

图15为A相供电线缆1单独作用时等效磁极分布图；Figure 15 is an equivalent magnetic pole distribution diagram when the A-phase power supply cable 1 acts alone;

图16为B相供电线缆2单独作用时等效磁极分布图；Figure 16 is an equivalent magnetic pole distribution diagram when the B-phase power supply cable 2 acts alone;

图17为C相供电线缆3单独作用时等效磁极分布图。FIG. 17 is an equivalent magnetic pole distribution diagram when the C-phase power supply cable 3 acts alone.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict.

下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但不作为本发明的限定。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention.

结合图1至图17说明本实施方式，本实施方式应用于车辆动态无线供电的三相式磁耦合机构，包括用于发射电能的供电轨道和电能接收装置；This embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 17. This embodiment is applied to a three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism for dynamic wireless power supply of vehicles, including a power supply rail for transmitting electric energy and an electric energy receiving device;

供电轨道为三相供电轨道，安装在车辆行进方向的道路下方；The power supply rail is a three-phase power supply rail, which is installed under the road in the direction of vehicle travel;

供电轨道包括三相供电线缆和供电轨道磁芯8，用于约束产生的磁力线走向，其中三相供电线缆缠绕在供电轨道磁芯8上；三相供电线缆通电后产生磁场向电能接收装置传输电能；所述三相供电线缆与供电轨道磁芯8的配合方式为交叉缠绕或顺序缠绕，三相供电线缆除了在空间位置上沿行车方向相差1/3个行车周期距离外，其余完全相同；The power supply track includes a three-phase power supply cable and a power supply track magnetic core 8, which is used to constrain the direction of the generated magnetic lines of force, wherein the three-phase power supply cable is wound on the power supply track magnetic core 8; after the three-phase power supply cable is energized, a magnetic field is generated to receive electrical energy. The device transmits electrical energy; the three-phase power supply cable and the power supply rail magnetic core 8 are matched in a cross-winding or sequential winding, and the three-phase power supply cable differs by 1/3 of the driving cycle distance in the spatial position along the driving direction. The rest are exactly the same;

电能接收装置安装在车辆底盘上，通过电磁感应原理产生电压向负载供电，实现电能的无线传输。The electric energy receiving device is installed on the vehicle chassis, and generates voltage to supply power to the load through the principle of electromagnetic induction, so as to realize the wireless transmission of electric energy.

优选实施例中，供电轨道磁芯8包括n个磁芯单元，n个磁芯单元沿行车方向连接在一起，如图1所示，每个磁芯单元包括底部连接磁芯5、立柱6和极靴7，其中n为正整数，且为3的倍数；In a preferred embodiment, the magnetic core 8 of the power supply rail includes n magnetic core units, and the n magnetic core units are connected together along the driving direction. As shown in FIG. 1 , each magnetic core unit includes a bottom connecting magnetic core 5 , a column 6 and a Pole shoe 7, where n is a positive integer and a multiple of 3;

立柱6的底部固定在底部连接磁芯5上，极靴7固定在立柱6的顶部，每个磁芯单元的横截面和纵截面均呈“工”字型。The bottom of the column 6 is fixed on the bottom connecting magnetic core 5, the pole piece 7 is fixed on the top of the column 6, and the cross section and longitudinal section of each magnetic core unit are in the shape of "I".

本实施方式的三相供电线缆均为LIZI线，分别记为A相供电电缆、B相供电电缆、C相供电电缆；三相线缆的规格参数相同，股数及线径视电流幅值和频率而定；三相线缆分别通入幅值相等，相位相差120°的余弦电流；The three-phase power supply cables in this embodiment are all LIZI lines, which are respectively recorded as A-phase power supply cables, B-phase power supply cables, and C-phase power supply cables; the specifications and parameters of the three-phase cables are the same, and the number of strands and the apparent current amplitude of the wire diameter and frequency; three-phase cables respectively pass cosine currents with equal amplitude and 120° phase difference;

优选实施例中，行车周期距离为相邻六个磁芯单元紧密连接在一起后，沿行车方向上的长度。In a preferred embodiment, the driving cycle distance is the length along the driving direction after six adjacent magnetic core units are closely connected together.

优选实施例中，A相供电线缆1进行交叉缠绕的过程为：沿行车方向，从起点开始，A相供电线缆1从第一个磁芯单元至第三个磁芯单元的立柱6的一侧穿入后，再从之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的另一侧穿入，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、立柱6的两侧交替穿入供电线缆，一直延伸到第n个磁芯单元的相应侧后，从第n个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧开始返程，返程时供电线缆采用与去程对称的方式缠绕，穿过n个磁芯单元后从第一个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧穿出，完成A相一匝供电线缆的绕制；In a preferred embodiment, the cross-winding process of the A-phase power supply cable 1 is as follows: along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the A-phase power supply cable 1 extends from the first magnetic core unit to the column 6 of the third magnetic core unit. After one side is penetrated, it is then penetrated from the other side of the next three adjacent magnetic core units, and then the power supply cable is alternately penetrated on both sides of the column 6 with the adjacent three magnetic core units as a cycle, and extends all the way. After reaching the corresponding side of the n-th magnetic core unit, start the return journey from the other side of the column 6 of the n-th magnetic core unit. During the return journey, the power supply cable is wound symmetrically with the outgoing journey and passes through the n magnetic core units. Then pass through the other side of the column 6 of the first magnetic core unit to complete the winding of the A-phase one-turn power supply cable;

重复上述过程，完成N匝A相供电线缆1的绕制，其中匝数N由无线电能传输的功率决定，N为正整数；Repeat the above process to complete the winding of N turns A-phase power supply cable 1, wherein the number of turns N is determined by the power of wireless power transmission, and N is a positive integer;

B相供电线缆2进行交叉缠绕的过程为：沿行车方向，从起点开始，B相供电线缆1从第一个磁芯单元至第二个磁芯单元的立柱6的一侧穿入后，再从之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的另一侧穿入，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、立柱6的两侧交替穿入供电线缆，一直延伸到第n个磁芯单元相应侧后，从第n个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧开始返程，返程时供电线缆采用与去程对称的方式缠绕，穿过n个磁芯单元后从第一个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧穿出，完成B相一匝供电线缆的绕制；The process of cross-winding the B-phase power supply cable 2 is: along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the B-phase power supply cable 1 penetrates from the first magnetic core unit to the side of the column 6 of the second magnetic core unit. , and then penetrate from the other side of the next three adjacent magnetic core units, and then take the three adjacent magnetic core units as a period, alternately penetrate the power supply cables on both sides of the column 6, and extend to the nth magnetic core unit. After the corresponding side of the core unit, start the return journey from the other side of the column 6 of the nth core unit. During the return journey, the power supply cable is wound symmetrically with the outgoing journey. The other side of the column 6 of the core unit is pierced to complete the winding of one turn of the B-phase power supply cable;

重复上述过程，完成N匝B相供电线缆2的绕制；Repeat the above process to complete the winding of N turns B-phase power supply cable 2;

C相供电线缆3进行交叉缠绕的过程为：沿行车方向，从起点开始，C相供电线缆3从第一个磁芯单元的立柱6的一侧穿入后，再从之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的另一侧穿入，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、立柱6的两侧交替穿入供电线缆，一直延伸到第n个磁芯单元的相应侧后，从第n个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧开始返程，返程时供电线缆采用与去程对称的方式缠绕，穿过n个磁芯单元后从第一个磁芯单元的立柱6的另一侧穿出，完成C相一匝供电线缆的绕制；The process of cross-winding the C-phase power supply cable 3 is as follows: along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the C-phase power supply cable 3 penetrates from one side of the column 6 of the first magnetic core unit, and then from the adjacent adjacent The other side of the three magnetic core units is penetrated, and then the power supply cables are alternately penetrated on both sides of the column 6 with the adjacent three magnetic core units as a period, and extend to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, The return journey starts from the other side of the column 6 of the nth magnetic core unit. During the return journey, the power supply cable is wound symmetrically with the outgoing journey. Pass through the other side to complete the winding of one turn of the C-phase power supply cable;

重复上述过程，完成N匝C相供电线缆3的绕制；Repeat the above process to complete the winding of N turns C-phase power supply cable 3;

将在起点处的三相供电线缆的接线端连接在一起，实现星型连接。Connect the terminals of the three-phase supply cables together at the starting point for a star connection.

以A相供电线缆1为例，如图2和图3所示，A相供电线缆1紧贴第一个磁芯单元的立柱6右侧(或左侧)穿入，沿行车方向水平布线，延伸至第四个磁芯单元时从该磁芯单元的立柱6左侧(右侧)穿出，之后再延伸至第七个磁芯单元的立柱6右侧(左侧)穿入，在从第十个磁芯单元的立柱6左侧(右侧)穿出…A相供电线缆1从相邻三个磁芯单元的立柱6一侧穿入后，从之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的另一侧穿出，一直延伸到第n个磁芯单元的相应侧后，从该单元立柱6的另一侧开始返程，返程时A相供电线缆1采用相同的方式继续紧贴立柱6延伸，绕过n个磁芯单元后从第一个磁芯单元的立柱6左侧(或右侧)穿出，完成一匝供电线缆1的绕制，重复上述过程，即可完成N匝供电线缆1的绕制，其中匝数N由无线电能传输的功率决定,其中N为正整数；Taking the A-phase power supply cable 1 as an example, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the A-phase power supply cable 1 is inserted into the right (or left) side of the column 6 of the first magnetic core unit, and is horizontal along the driving direction. The wiring, when extending to the fourth magnetic core unit, goes out from the left side (right side) of the column 6 of the magnetic core unit, and then extends to the right side (left side) of the column 6 of the seventh magnetic core unit. After passing through the left side (right side) of the column 6 of the tenth magnetic core unit... After the A-phase power supply cable 1 is passed through the column 6 side of the three adjacent magnetic core units, the next three adjacent The other side of the magnetic core unit goes out and extends to the corresponding side of the nth magnetic core unit, and then starts the return journey from the other side of the column 6 of the unit. During the return journey, the A-phase power supply cable 1 continues to be tightened in the same way. Stick the column 6 to extend, bypass the n magnetic core units and pass through the left side (or right side) of the column 6 of the first magnetic core unit to complete the winding of one turn of the power supply cable 1, and repeat the above process. Complete the winding of N turns of power supply cable 1, wherein the number of turns N is determined by the power of wireless power transmission, where N is a positive integer;

B相线缆2和C相线缆3与供电轨道磁芯8的配合方式与A相线缆1相比，除了在空间上沿行车方向相差

外，其余完全相同，其中，l表示为一个行车周期距离，即三相供电线缆在空间上沿行车方向相差1/3个行车周期距离，如图4至7所示。Compared with the A-phase cable 1, the matching mode of the B-phase cable 2 and the C-phase cable 3 and the power supply rail magnetic core 8 is different in space along the driving direction.

Except that, the rest are exactly the same, where l represents the distance of one driving cycle, that is, the three-phase power supply cables are spatially separated by 1/3 of the driving cycle distance along the driving direction, as shown in Figures 4 to 7.

采用上述缠绕方式之后，三相供电线缆与供电轨道磁芯结构示意图如图8和图9所示。After the above winding method is adopted, the schematic diagrams of the three-phase power supply cable and the magnetic core of the power supply track are shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 .

优选实施例中，A相供电线缆1进行顺序缠绕的过程为：In a preferred embodiment, the sequence of winding the A-phase power supply cable 1 is as follows:

沿行车方向，从起点开始，A相供电线缆按顺时针或逆时针缠绕第一个至第三个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝后，再反方向缠绕之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、交替方向缠绕供电线缆，直至缠绕到第n个磁芯单元，完成N匝A相供电线缆1的绕制；Along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the A-phase power supply cable is wound clockwise or counterclockwise around the columns 6 of the first to third magnetic core units for a total of N turns, and then the three adjacent magnetic cores are wound in the opposite direction. The column 6 of the unit has a total of N turns, and then the power supply cable is wound in alternating directions with the adjacent three magnetic core units as a cycle, until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, and the winding of N turns of the A-phase power supply cable 1 is completed;

B相供电线缆2进行顺序缠绕的过程为：The sequential winding process of the B-phase power supply cable 2 is as follows:

沿行车方向，从起点开始，B相供电线缆按顺时针或逆时针缠绕第一个至第二个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝后，再反方向缠绕之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、方向交替缠绕供电线缆，直至缠绕到第n个磁芯单元，完成N匝B相供电线缆2的绕制；Along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the B-phase power supply cable is wound clockwise or counterclockwise around the columns 6 of the first to second magnetic core units for a total of N turns, and then the three adjacent magnetic cores are wound in the opposite direction. The column 6 of the unit has a total of N turns, and then the power supply cable is alternately wound with three adjacent magnetic core units as cycles and directions, until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, and the winding of N turns of the B-phase power supply cable 2 is completed;

C相供电线缆3进行顺序缠绕的过程为：The sequential winding process of the C-phase power supply cable 3 is as follows:

沿行车方向，从起点开始，C相供电线缆按顺时针或逆时针缠绕第一个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝后，再反方向缠绕之后相邻的三个磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝，之后以相邻三个磁芯单元为周期、方向交替缠绕供电线缆，直至缠绕到第n个磁芯单元，完成N匝C相供电线缆3的绕制；Along the driving direction, starting from the starting point, the C-phase power supply cable is wound clockwise or counterclockwise to the column 6 of the first magnetic core unit for a total of N turns, and then wound in the opposite direction to the column 6 of the three adjacent magnetic core units. There are N turns in total, and then the power supply cable is alternately wound in the cycle and direction of three adjacent magnetic core units until the nth magnetic core unit is wound, and the winding of N turns of the C-phase power supply cable 3 is completed;

将在第n个磁芯单元尾部的三相供电线缆的接线端连接在一起，实现星型连接。Connect the terminals of the three-phase power supply cables at the tail of the nth core unit together to achieve a star connection.

以A相供电线缆1为例，从起点开始，沿行车方向将供电轨道磁芯8中各磁芯单元分别编号为1号、2号、3号…n号磁芯单元，供电线缆1按顺时针(逆时针)水平缠绕第1、2、3号磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝后，再逆时针(顺时针)缠绕第4、5、6号磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝，再顺时针缠绕第7、8、9号磁芯单元的立柱6共N匝…直至缠绕到第n号磁芯单元为止；B相线缆2和C相线缆3与供电轨道磁芯8的配合方式与A相线缆1相比，除了在空间上沿行车方向相差

外，其余完全相同；在第n号磁芯单元尾部，将完成缠绕的三相供电线缆连接在一起，即星形连接；值得注意的是，由于三相供电线缆在空间上相差

会导致某一相或某两相供电线缆在缠绕过程中，最后缠绕的一组磁芯单元不足3个，此时只缠绕剩余的磁芯单元即可；Taking the A-phase power supply cable 1 as an example, starting from the starting point, the magnetic core units in the magnetic core 8 of the power supply track are numbered as No. 1, No. 2, No. 3... After winding the columns 6 of the No. 1, 2, and 3 magnetic core units horizontally clockwise (counterclockwise) for a total of N turns, wind the columns 6 of the No. 4, 5, and 6 magnetic core units counterclockwise (clockwise) for a total of N Turn clockwise around the column 6 of the No. 7, 8, and 9 magnetic core units for a total of N turns... until the n-th magnetic core unit is wound; B-phase cable 2 and C-phase cable 3 and the power supply rail magnetic core Compared with the A-phase cable 1, the matching method of 8 is different in space along the driving direction.

In addition, the rest are exactly the same; at the tail of the nth magnetic core unit, the three-phase power supply cables that have been wound are connected together, that is, star connection; it is worth noting that because the three-phase power supply cables are different in space

It will lead to the winding of a certain phase or a two-phase power supply cable, and the last set of magnetic core units to be wound is less than 3, and only the remaining magnetic core units can be wound at this time;

对于上述两种缠绕方式，三相供电线缆均紧密绕制在轨道磁芯8中立柱6的不同位置处，且三相供电线缆之间彼此不相互交叉；For the above two winding methods, the three-phase power supply cables are tightly wound at different positions of the column 6 in the track magnetic core 8, and the three-phase power supply cables do not cross each other;

如图10和图11所示，本实施方式中电能接收装置包括接收线圈9和接收端磁芯10；接收端磁芯10铺设在接收线圈9的上方，接收线圈9通过电磁感应原理产生电压向负载供电，实现电能的无线传输。As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , in this embodiment, the power receiving device includes a receiving coil 9 and a receiving end magnetic core 10 ; the receiving end magnetic core 10 is laid above the receiving coil 9 , and the receiving coil 9 generates a voltage direction through the principle of electromagnetic induction. Load power supply to realize wireless transmission of electric energy.

本实施方式的接收线圈9由同一平面上相邻的两个矩形线圈串联组成，两个矩形线圈的绕向相反(顺时针或逆时针)，每个矩形线圈包含多匝，且每个矩形线圈的长度小于

其中线圈宽度和匝数均由无线电能传输的功率决定；正常工作时，两个线圈中电流走向相反(顺时针或逆时针)；The receiving coil 9 in this embodiment is composed of two adjacent rectangular coils on the same plane connected in series, the two rectangular coils are wound in opposite directions (clockwise or counterclockwise), each rectangular coil contains multiple turns, and each rectangular coil length is less than

The coil width and the number of turns are determined by the power of wireless power transmission; during normal operation, the currents in the two coils go in opposite directions (clockwise or counterclockwise);

本实施方式中的接收线圈9中线缆均为LIZI线；The cables in the receiving coil 9 in this embodiment are all LIZI cables;

本实施方式中接收端磁芯10铺设在接收线圈9上方，接收端磁芯10包括M条条形磁芯，M条条形磁芯沿接收线圈9轴线平行供电轨道对称放置，用于引导供电轨道产生的磁力线走向，M为正整数。In this embodiment, the magnetic core 10 at the receiving end is laid above the receiving coil 9 . The magnetic core 10 at the receiving end includes M strip-shaped magnetic cores. The M strip-shaped magnetic cores are symmetrically placed along the axis of the receiving coil 9 and parallel to the power supply track for guiding the power supply. The direction of the magnetic field lines generated by the orbit, M is a positive integer.

如图12和图13所示，电能接收装置位于供电轨道的正上方，随车辆一起移动；As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, the power receiving device is located just above the power supply track and moves with the vehicle;

本发明提出的应用于车辆动态无线供电的三相式磁耦合机构的工作原理如下：The working principle of the three-phase magnetic coupling mechanism applied to the dynamic wireless power supply of the vehicle proposed by the present invention is as follows:

三相供电线缆通入幅值相同，相位相差120°的余弦电流，沿行车方向分别形成如图15至图17所示的极距为dp的等效磁极；l表示为一个行车周期距离，且满足：l＝2·dp；三相供电线缆在空间上相差

绕制，故通电后形成的等效磁极空间上也相差

使得三相供电线缆和接收线圈间的互感随车辆行驶满足图14所示曲线，即：The three-phase power supply cables are fed with cosine currents with the same amplitude and a phase difference of 120°, respectively forming equivalent magnetic poles with a pole distance of dp as shown in Figure 15 to Figure 17 along the driving direction; l is the distance of one driving cycle, And satisfy: l=2·dp; the three-phase power supply cables are different in space

Winding, so the equivalent magnetic pole space formed after power-on is also different

Make the mutual inductance between the three-phase power supply cable and the receiving coil meet the curve shown in Figure 14 with the vehicle running, namely:

式中M_A-Pu、M_B-Pu、M_C-Pu分别表示三相供电线缆和接收线圈间的互感，x表示车辆沿行进方向行驶的距离，l表示行车周期距离；where M _A-Pu , M _B-Pu , and M _C-Pu represent the mutual inductance between the three-phase power supply cable and the receiving coil, respectively, x represents the distance the vehicle travels along the traveling direction, and l represents the driving cycle distance;

根据电磁感应原理，接收线圈中产生的感应电压为：According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the induced voltage generated in the receiving coil is:

其中ω表示电流的角频率，I表示电流的幅值；where ω is the angular frequency of the current, and I is the amplitude of the current;

由于行波磁场的速度远大于行车速度，可以认为感应电压为幅值恒定的余弦电压，故车辆动态充电过程中输出功率恒定。虽然在本文中参照了特定的实施方式来描述本发明，但是应该理解的是，这些实施例仅仅是本发明的原理和应用的示例。因此应该理解的是，可以对示例性的实施例进行许多修改，并且可以设计出其他的布置，只要不偏离所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围。应该理解的是，可以通过不同于原始权利要求所描述的方式来结合不同的从属权利要求和本文中所述的特征。还可以理解的是，结合单独实施例所描述的特征可以使用在其他所述实施例中。Since the speed of the traveling wave magnetic field is much greater than the driving speed, the induced voltage can be considered as a cosine voltage with a constant amplitude, so the output power is constant during the dynamic charging process of the vehicle. Although the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the invention. It should therefore be understood that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments and other arrangements can be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the features described in the various dependent claims and herein may be combined in different ways than are described in the original claims. It will also be appreciated that features described in connection with a single embodiment may be used in other described embodiments.