CN108680987A - A kind of network point distribution design method for liquid crystal display light guide plate - Google Patents

本发明涉及一种用于液晶显示导光板的网点分布设计方法，首先计算导光板下表面任意坐标位置处的照度分布取值；接着利用能量守恒原理，基于对任意一个LED光源能量的微分，再与导光板的光出射面的均匀照度分布建立映射关系；利用从LED光源能量的输出到出射均匀面光源的能量传导过程，逆向求解实现该能量传导过程的导光板网点分布；最后将导光网点半径与光源计算点的底面照度建立函数关系，自定义网点分布的位置坐标，通过网点半径大小改变出射表面的底面照度。本发明通过理论计算获得导光板散射网点分布，减少网点设计的改版次数，削减开发时间和成本。

The present invention relates to a design method for dot distribution of a liquid crystal display light guide plate. First, calculate the value of the illuminance distribution at any coordinate position on the lower surface of the light guide plate; Establish a mapping relationship with the uniform illuminance distribution of the light exit surface of the light guide plate; use the energy transmission process from the output of the LED light source energy to the uniform surface light source to reversely solve the network point distribution of the light guide plate to realize the energy transmission process; finally the light guide network points Establish a functional relationship between the radius and the bottom illuminance of the light source calculation point, customize the position coordinates of the dot distribution, and change the bottom illuminance of the exit surface through the size of the dot radius. The present invention obtains the distribution of scattering dots of the light guide plate through theoretical calculation, reduces the number of revisions of dot design, and reduces development time and cost.

一种用于液晶显示导光板的网点分布设计方法A design method for dot distribution of liquid crystal display light guide plate

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及液晶背光模组领域，特别是一种用于液晶显示导光板的网点分布设计方法。The invention relates to the field of liquid crystal backlight modules, in particular to a dot distribution design method for a liquid crystal display light guide plate.

背景技术Background technique

背光模组是整个液晶显示系统的核心，决定了其均匀性、色彩饱和度、色域范围、系统的体积和成本。实际系统中，导光板的规格随着液晶显示机型、用途的变化各异，例如，用于小尺寸的手机、中尺寸的电脑显示器和大尺寸的电视机中的LED数量和规格各不相同，这就需要有针对性的进行导光板散射网点阵列的设计。网点分布理论要求网点图案呈不规则排列并且可以满足任意连续性的填充率分布。The backlight module is the core of the entire liquid crystal display system, which determines its uniformity, color saturation, color gamut, system volume and cost. In the actual system, the specifications of the light guide plate vary with the type and application of the liquid crystal display. For example, the number and specifications of LEDs used in small-sized mobile phones, medium-sized computer monitors, and large-sized TVs are different. , which requires a targeted design of the light guide plate scattering dot array. The dot distribution theory requires that the dot pattern is arranged irregularly and can satisfy any continuous filling rate distribution.

目前，较为典型的网点分布理论有超均匀分布理论、动态均匀理论、斥力缓和法、动态分子法。这些方法都需要先将整个导光板依据亮度分布划分成多个小区域，依据网点密度与亮度值的对应关系，在每个小区域中生成初步的网点分布模型。然后，利用各自的理论方法对区域内网点进行调整，以消除网点的簇拥现象。相对于规则的网点分布理论，不规则网点分布理论可以设计出具有极高不规则性的网点分布，但是此类方法的计算量大、难度大，而且由于光学设计的复杂性及生产加工的限制性，在实际网点设计过程中往往需要多种方法的混合使用，因此不规则网点分布的网点生成速度慢、效率低、不易操作。At present, the more typical dot distribution theories include super-uniform distribution theory, dynamic uniform theory, repulsion mitigation method, and dynamic molecular method. These methods all need to divide the entire light guide plate into multiple small areas according to the brightness distribution, and generate a preliminary dot distribution model in each small area according to the corresponding relationship between the dot density and the brightness value. Then, use their respective theoretical methods to adjust the outlets in the area to eliminate the clustering phenomenon of outlets. Compared with the regular dot distribution theory, the irregular dot distribution theory can design a dot distribution with extremely high irregularity, but this kind of method is computationally intensive and difficult, and due to the complexity of optical design and the limitation In the actual dot design process, it is often necessary to use multiple methods mixedly, so the dot generation with irregular dot distribution is slow, inefficient, and difficult to operate.

本专利研究的液晶显示背光源中，光源主要采用朗伯辐射体的LED灯条，导光板趋向薄型化、窄边框，散射网点成型于导光板底面。In the liquid crystal display backlight studied in this patent, the light source mainly adopts the LED light bar of Lambertian radiator, the light guide plate tends to be thinner and narrower, and the scattering dots are formed on the bottom surface of the light guide plate.

发明内容Contents of the invention

有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提出一种用于液晶显示导光板的网点分布设计方法，取代传统网点设计过程中多方法混合使用、人为经验依赖程度高等问题，通过理论计算获得导光板散射网点分布，减少网点设计的改版次数，削减开发时间和成本。In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a design method for dot distribution of liquid crystal display light guide plate, to replace the problems of mixed use of multiple methods and high dependence on human experience in the traditional dot design process, and to obtain the scattering dots of light guide plate through theoretical calculation distribution, reduce the number of revisions of dot design, and cut development time and cost.

本发明采用以下方案实现：一种用于液晶显示导光板的网点分布设计方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：The present invention adopts the following scheme to realize: a kind of dot distribution design method for liquid crystal display light guide plate, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

步骤S1：计算导光板下表面任意坐标位置处的照度分布取值；Step S1: Calculate the value of the illuminance distribution at any coordinate position on the lower surface of the light guide plate;

步骤S2：利用能量守恒原理，基于对任意一个LED光源能量的微分，再与导光板的光出射面的均匀照度分布建立映射关系；利用从LED光源能量的输出到出射均匀面光源的能量传导过程，逆向求解实现该能量传导过程的导光板网点分布；Step S2: Utilize the principle of energy conservation, based on the differential of the energy of any LED light source, and then establish a mapping relationship with the uniform illuminance distribution of the light exit surface of the light guide plate; use the energy conduction process from the output of the energy of the LED light source to the output of the uniform surface light source , inversely solve the dot distribution of the light guide plate to realize the energy conduction process;

步骤S3：将导光网点半径与光源计算点的底面照度建立函数关系，自定义网点分布的位置坐标，通过网点半径大小改变出射表面的底面照度。Step S3: Establish a functional relationship between the radius of the light guide dots and the illuminance of the bottom surface of the calculation point of the light source, customize the position coordinates of the dot distribution, and change the illuminance of the bottom surface of the exit surface through the size of the dot radius.

其中，该LED光源可以是多个LED组合而成的间断光源，以及CCFL等条状光源，但不限于此。Wherein, the LED light source may be a discontinuous light source composed of a plurality of LEDs, or a strip light source such as CCFL, but is not limited thereto.

进一步地，所述步骤S1具体包括以下步骤：Further, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

步骤S11：收集并确定阵列LED光源的数据信息，根据LED光源的数据信息以及LED光源的特征构建阵列LED光源；Step S11: Collect and determine the data information of the array LED light source, and construct the array LED light source according to the data information of the LED light source and the characteristics of the LED light source;

所述阵列LED光源的数据信息包括LED光源的规格和个数、每个光源之间的中心间隔、阵列两端与导光板边缘的距离、导光板的尺寸规格；所述LED光源的特征包括LED光源的空间配光与位置关系；The data information of the array LED light source includes the specifications and number of LED light sources, the center distance between each light source, the distance between the two ends of the array and the edge of the light guide plate, and the size specification of the light guide plate; the characteristics of the LED light source include LED Spatial light distribution and positional relationship of the light source;

步骤S12：对LED光源的出光在空间坐标系下进行能量划分，求解微分光源在导光板底面的能量分布，将结果积分得到单颗LED光源在导光板底面的传导能量分布。Step S12: Divide the energy of the light emitted by the LED light source in the space coordinate system, solve the energy distribution of the differential light source on the bottom surface of the light guide plate, and integrate the results to obtain the conduction energy distribution of a single LED light source on the bottom surface of the light guide plate.

进一步地，步骤S12具体为：根据实际光源尺寸与导光板入光侧比例进行计算，依次利用自点光源到线状光源再到面光源的计算过程，即，将面光源在平行于入光面的方向上且平行于出光面方向上分作无数段发光线状光源，再在垂直于出光面方向上将线状光源分作无数段发光元，然后分别对两个方向上的微分光源进行积分，求出计算点处产生的总照度。Further, step S12 is specifically: calculate according to the actual size of the light source and the ratio of the light incident side of the light guide plate, and use the calculation process from the point light source to the linear light source and then to the surface light source in turn, that is, the surface light source is parallel to the light incident surface In the direction parallel to the light-emitting surface, it is divided into countless segments of light-emitting linear light sources, and then in the direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface, the linear light source is divided into countless segments of light-emitting elements, and then the differential light sources in the two directions are respectively integrated. , find the total illuminance generated at the calculation point.

进一步地，步骤S12中，求解微分光源在导光板底面的能量分布具体为：背光模组中包括n个LED光源，在笛卡尔坐标系下，设第i个点光源坐标为(0，y_i，z_i)，任意目标点(x，y，0)的底面照度为阵列中多个LED光源对导光板底面的照度叠加结果；阵列LED点光源的个数和位置由设计者自行定义，I_N为发光面在法线方向的发光强度，阵列点光源与任意一点P的水平面照度关系式定义如下：Further, in step S12, solving the energy distribution of the differential light source on the bottom surface of the light guide plate is specifically: the backlight module includes n LED light sources, and in the Cartesian coordinate system, set the coordinates of the i-th point light source as (0, y _i , z _i ), the bottom illuminance of any target point (x, y, 0) is the result of the superimposition of the illuminance of multiple LED light sources in the array on the bottom of the light guide plate; the number and position of the array LED point light sources are defined by the designer, I _N is the luminous intensity of the light-emitting surface in the normal direction, and the relationship between the array point light source and the horizontal plane illuminance at any point P is defined as follows:

定义长度为L的线状光源中每个发光元的纵向配光特性为I_θα＝I_θ0cosα，即f(α)＝cosα，横向配光特性为I_θ0＝I₀₀cosθ，其中I₀₀表示的是垂直面和水平面交线方向上的光强，α表示出射光线与垂直于线状光源长轴的平面所呈的夹角。定义C₉₀平面为通过线状光源光轴且经过线状光源长轴方向所在平面，即水平面；定义平面C₀为通过线状光源光轴且垂直于线状光源长轴方向所在平面，即垂直面。θ表示同时通过线状光源长轴和出射光线的平面与水平面C₉₀所呈角度，I_θ0表示的是在通过线状光源长轴方向且与通过长轴的水平面成θ角的平面与垂直面C₀的交线方向上的光强，I_θα表示在通过线状光源长轴和出射光线平面与水平面C₉₀呈θ角、出射光线与垂直于线状光源长轴的平面成α角的方向上的光强；r为导光板底面计算点P到线状光源的最短距离，线状光源的两端的坐标为(0,y_i1,z)和(0,y_i2,z)；将角度信息转化为笛卡尔直角坐标系下，阵列线状光源在P点处产生的照度E’_h定义如下：Define the longitudinal light distribution characteristic of each light-emitting element in a linear light source with a length L as I _θα =I _θ0 cosα, that is, f(α)=cosα, and the horizontal light distribution characteristic as I _θ0 =I ₀₀ cosθ, where I ₀₀ represents is the light intensity in the direction of the intersection of the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, and α represents the angle between the outgoing light and the plane perpendicular to the long axis of the linear light source. Define the C ₉₀ plane as the plane passing through the optical axis of the linear light source and the long axis direction of the linear light source, that is, the horizontal plane; define the plane C ₀ as the plane passing through the optical axis of the linear light source and perpendicular to the long axis direction of the linear light source, that is, vertical noodle. θ represents the angle between the plane that passes through the long axis of the linear light source and the outgoing light and the horizontal plane C90, and I _θ0 represents the plane that passes through the long axis of the linear light source and forms an _angle θ with the horizontal plane passing through the long axis and the vertical plane The light intensity in the direction of the intersection line of C ₀ , I _θα represents the direction in which the long axis of the linear light source and the plane of the outgoing light form an angle θ with the horizontal plane C ₉₀ , and the direction in which the outgoing light forms an angle α with the plane perpendicular to the long axis of the linear light source The light intensity above; r is the shortest distance from point P calculated on the bottom surface of the light guide plate to the linear light source, and the coordinates of the two ends of the linear light source are (0,y _i1 ,z) and (0,y _i2 ,z); the angle information Transformed into a Cartesian rectangular coordinate system, the illuminance E' _h generated by the array linear light source at point P is defined as follows:

式中，y_ij表示第i个光源两端的y坐标值，j的最大取值为2，表示光源的两端；In the formula, y _ij represents the y-coordinate value of both ends of the i-th light source, and the maximum value of j is 2, which represents the two ends of the light source;

将实际LED光源微元化，在y和z方向上进行二次积分，阵列扩展光源在P点处产生的照度E”_h定义如下：The actual LED light source is micronized, and the quadratic integration is performed in the y and z directions. The illuminance E" _h generated by the array extended light source at point P is defined as follows:

式中，θ_全表示光线在介质材料中传播时的全反射角。In the formula, θ is the _total reflection angle when the light propagates in the medium material.

较佳的，所述线状光源的光强分布用两个平面上的光强分布曲线表示。一个平面通过线状光源的纵轴(长轴)，此平面上的光强分布曲线称为纵向(水平面或C₉₀面)光强分布曲线；另一个平面与线状光源长轴垂直，这个平面上的光强分布曲线称为横向(垂直面或C₀)光强分布曲线。Preferably, the light intensity distribution of the linear light source is represented by light intensity distribution curves on two planes. One plane passes through the longitudinal axis (major axis) of the linear light source, and the light intensity distribution curve on this plane is called the longitudinal (horizontal plane or C ₉₀ plane) light intensity distribution curve; the other plane is perpendicular to the long axis of the linear light source, and this plane The light intensity distribution curve on is called the transverse (vertical plane or C ₀ ) light intensity distribution curve.

进一步地，步骤S2具体包括以下步骤：Further, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

步骤S21：基于能量守恒原理，假定光学系统不存在额外吸收、散射等能量消耗，根据已得到的阵列LED光源数据信息，构建阵列LED光源对导光板底面能量分布；Step S21: Based on the principle of energy conservation, assuming that there is no energy consumption such as additional absorption and scattering in the optical system, according to the obtained array LED light source data information, construct the energy distribution of the array LED light source to the bottom surface of the light guide plate;

步骤S22：定义导光板出射面的照度分布情况及其数学表示形式，完善导光板内能量传导情况的理论表达；Step S22: Define the illuminance distribution on the exit surface of the light guide plate and its mathematical expression, and improve the theoretical expression of the energy transmission in the light guide plate;

步骤S23：建立阵列LED光源对导光板底面的照度分布与预定义的导光板出射面的照度分布之间的映射关系，通过数值求解得到导光板网点阵列分布和直径；Step S23: Establish a mapping relationship between the illuminance distribution of the array LED light source on the bottom surface of the light guide plate and the predefined illuminance distribution on the exit surface of the light guide plate, and obtain the dot array distribution and diameter of the light guide plate through numerical calculation;

步骤S24：根据导光板网点阵列分布和直径，构建具有散射网点的导光板结构模型，利用光学仿真软件建立导光板模型，完成背光膜片的选材及属性设置，生成散射网点阵列，验证背光模组的光学性能。Step S24: According to the distribution and diameter of the dot array of the light guide plate, construct a structural model of the light guide plate with scattering dots, use optical simulation software to establish the light guide plate model, complete the material selection and attribute setting of the backlight film, generate the scattering dot array, and verify the backlight module optical performance.

进一步地，步骤S3具体为：将导光板底面划分为n部分，定义导光板出射面为均匀面光源，每部分散射出导光板的光线能量均为同一定值；设导光板底面垂直于xoy平面上的照度分布与散射网点半径大小成反比关系，通过递推得到导光板底面的照度分布与网点半径的关系为：Further, step S3 is specifically as follows: divide the bottom surface of the light guide plate into n parts, define the exit surface of the light guide plate as a uniform surface light source, and the light energy scattered out of the light guide plate by each part is the same constant value; set the bottom surface of the light guide plate to be perpendicular to the xoy plane The illuminance distribution on the surface is inversely proportional to the radius of the scattering dots, and the relationship between the illuminance distribution on the bottom surface of the light guide plate and the dot radius is obtained by recursion:

式中，C_k表示的是第k部分中导光板底面的照度分布，r_k对应于第k部分中散射网点半径分布，C₁表示光线进入导光板的初始照度E_h分布，由阵列LED光源唯一确定。In the formula, C _k represents the illuminance distribution of the bottom surface of the light guide plate in the k-th part, r _k corresponds to the radius distribution of the scattering dots in the k-th part, and C ₁ represents the initial illuminance E _h distribution of the light entering the light guide plate, which is determined by the array LED light source Only sure.

较佳的，步骤S24中，利用光学仿真软件建立导光板，仿真和建立模型可以采用TracePro、Lighttools等光学仿真软件，但不限于此。Preferably, in step S24, the optical simulation software is used to establish the light guide plate, and optical simulation software such as TracePro and Lighttools can be used for simulation and model building, but is not limited thereto.

特别的，本发明所提出的方法可用于液晶显示背光源导光板，还可以用于普通照明光源用导光板、灯箱导光板等应用场景。In particular, the method proposed by the present invention can be used in light guide plates for liquid crystal display backlight sources, and can also be used in application scenarios such as light guide plates for general lighting sources and light box light guide plates.

与现有技术相比，本发明有以下有益效果：本发明为了达到效率、均匀性、颜色特性等多重要求，提出一种基于LED数量、规格的导光板散射网点分布设计的理论方法，取代传统网点设计过程中多方法混合使用、人为经验依赖程度高等问题，通过理论计算获得导光板散射网点分布，减少网点设计的改版次数，削减开发时间和成本。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In order to meet multiple requirements such as efficiency, uniformity, and color characteristics, the present invention proposes a theoretical method for designing the distribution of light guide plate scattering dots based on the number and specifications of LEDs, replacing the traditional In the dot design process, there are problems such as mixed use of multiple methods and high dependence on human experience. The distribution of scattered dots on the light guide plate is obtained through theoretical calculations, which reduces the number of revisions in dot design and reduces development time and costs.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例中导光板散射网点阵列分布的设计流程图。Fig. 1 is a design flow chart of the distribution of the array of scattering dots on the light guide plate in the embodiment of the present invention.

图2为本发明实施例中笛卡尔坐标系下导光板点光源位置示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the positions of point light sources on a light guide plate in a Cartesian coordinate system in an embodiment of the present invention.

图3为本发明实施例中LED光源与导光板之间的位置关系。Fig. 3 shows the positional relationship between the LED light source and the light guide plate in the embodiment of the present invention.

图4为本发明实施例中笛卡尔坐标系下导光板线状光源位置示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of the linear light source on the light guide plate in the Cartesian coordinate system in the embodiment of the present invention.

图5为本发明实施例中空间光强分布示意图及两个角度参量的定义。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of spatial light intensity distribution and definitions of two angle parameters in an embodiment of the present invention.

图6为本发明实施例中线状光源与导光板之间的位置关系。FIG. 6 shows the positional relationship between the linear light source and the light guide plate in the embodiment of the present invention.

图7为本发明实施例中笛卡尔坐标系下导光板扩展光源位置示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the position of the extended light source on the light guide plate in the Cartesian coordinate system in the embodiment of the present invention.

图8为本发明实施例中扩展光源光线角度示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the light angle of the extended light source in the embodiment of the present invention.

图9为本发明实施例中导光板底面分块示意图。FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the bottom surface of the light guide plate in the embodiment of the present invention.

图10为本发明实施例中基于微结构阵列设计的导光板微散射网点半径分布轮廓曲面。FIG. 10 is a curved surface of radius distribution profile of micro-scattering dots on a light guide plate based on microstructure array design in an embodiment of the present invention.

图11为本发明实施例中基于点光源的导光板系统在目标面的照度分布。FIG. 11 shows the illuminance distribution on the target surface of the light guide plate system based on point light source in the embodiment of the present invention.

图12为本发明实施例中基于线状光源的导光板系统在目标面的照度分布。Fig. 12 is the illuminance distribution on the target surface of the light guide plate system based on the linear light source in the embodiment of the present invention.

图13为本发明实施例中基于扩展光源的导光板系统在目标面的照度分布。Fig. 13 shows the illuminance distribution on the target surface of the light guide plate system based on the extended light source in the embodiment of the present invention.

图14为本发明实施例中导光网点整齐分布和交错分布示意图。Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the neat distribution and staggered distribution of the light guide network points in the embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific implementations, and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

如图1以及图2所示，本实施例提供了一种用于液晶显示导光板的网点分布设计方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a kind of dot distribution design method for liquid crystal display light guide plate, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

步骤S1：计算导光板下表面任意坐标位置处的照度分布取值；Step S1: Calculate the value of the illuminance distribution at any coordinate position on the lower surface of the light guide plate;

步骤S2：利用能量守恒原理，基于对任意一个LED光源能量的微分，再与导光板的光出射面的均匀照度分布建立映射关系；利用从LED光源能量的输出到出射均匀面光源的能量传导过程，逆向求解实现该能量传导过程的导光板网点分布；Step S2: Utilize the principle of energy conservation, based on the differential of the energy of any LED light source, and then establish a mapping relationship with the uniform illuminance distribution of the light exit surface of the light guide plate; use the energy conduction process from the output of the energy of the LED light source to the output of the uniform surface light source , inversely solve the dot distribution of the light guide plate to realize the energy conduction process;

步骤S3：将导光网点半径与光源计算点的底面照度建立函数关系，自定义网点分布的位置坐标，通过网点半径大小改变出射表面的底面照度。Step S3: Establish a functional relationship between the radius of the light guide dots and the illuminance of the bottom surface of the calculation point of the light source, customize the position coordinates of the dot distribution, and change the illuminance of the bottom surface of the exit surface through the size of the dot radius.

其中，该LED光源可以是多个LED组合而成的间断光源，以及CCFL等条状光源，但不限于此。Wherein, the LED light source may be a discontinuous light source composed of a plurality of LEDs, or a strip light source such as CCFL, but is not limited thereto.

其中，图2为本发明实施例中笛卡尔坐标系下导光板点光源位置示意图。Wherein, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of positions of point light sources on a light guide plate in a Cartesian coordinate system in an embodiment of the present invention.

在本实施例中，所述步骤S1具体包括以下步骤：In this embodiment, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

步骤S11：收集并确定阵列LED光源的数据信息，根据LED光源的数据信息以及LED光源的特征构建阵列LED光源；Step S11: Collect and determine the data information of the array LED light source, and construct the array LED light source according to the data information of the LED light source and the characteristics of the LED light source;

所述阵列LED光源的数据信息包括LED光源的规格和个数、每个光源之间的中心间隔、阵列两端与导光板边缘的距离、导光板的尺寸规格；所述LED光源的特征包括LED光源的空间配光与位置关系；The data information of the array LED light source includes the specifications and number of LED light sources, the center distance between each light source, the distance between the two ends of the array and the edge of the light guide plate, and the size specification of the light guide plate; the characteristics of the LED light source include LED Spatial light distribution and positional relationship of the light source;

步骤S12：对LED光源的出光在空间坐标系下进行能量划分，求解微分光源在导光板底面的能量分布，将结果积分得到单颗LED光源在导光板底面的传导能量分布。Step S12: Divide the energy of the light emitted by the LED light source in the space coordinate system, solve the energy distribution of the differential light source on the bottom surface of the light guide plate, and integrate the results to obtain the conduction energy distribution of a single LED light source on the bottom surface of the light guide plate.

在本实施例中，步骤S12具体为：根据实际光源尺寸与导光板入光侧比例进行计算，依次利用自点光源到线状光源再到面光源的计算过程，即，将面光源在平行于入光面的方向上且平行于出光面方向上分作无数段发光线状光源，再在垂直于出光面方向上将线状光源分作无数段发光元，然后分别对两个方向上的微分光源进行积分，求出计算点处产生的总照度。In this embodiment, step S12 is specifically: calculate according to the actual size of the light source and the ratio of the light incident side of the light guide plate, and use the calculation process from the point light source to the linear light source and then to the surface light source in turn, that is, the surface light source is parallel to In the direction of the light incident surface and parallel to the direction of the light output surface, it is divided into countless segments of light-emitting linear light sources, and then in the direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface, the linear light source is divided into countless segments of light-emitting elements, and then the differentials in the two directions are respectively The light source is integrated to find the total illuminance produced at the calculation point.

在本实施例中，步骤S12中，求解微分光源在导光板底面的能量分布具体为：背光模组中包括n个LED光源，在笛卡尔坐标系下，设第i个点光源坐标为(0，y_i，z_i)，任意目标点(x，y，0)的底面照度为阵列中多个LED光源对导光板底面的照度叠加结果；阵列LED点光源的个数和位置由设计者自行定义，I_N为发光面在法线方向的发光强度，阵列点光源与任意一点P的水平面照度关系式定义如下：In this embodiment, in step S12, solving the energy distribution of the differential light source on the bottom surface of the light guide plate is specifically as follows: the backlight module includes n LED light sources, and in the Cartesian coordinate system, set the coordinates of the i-th point light source as (0 , y _i , _zi ), the bottom surface illuminance of any target point (x, y, 0) is the result of the superimposed illuminance of multiple LED light sources in the array on the bottom surface of the light guide plate; the number and position of the array LED point light sources are up to the designer Definition, IN is the luminous intensity of the light _- emitting surface in the normal direction, and the horizontal plane illuminance relationship between the array point light source and any point P is defined as follows:

定义长度为L的线状光源中每个发光元的纵向配光特性为I_θα＝I_θ0cosα，即f(α)＝cosα，横向配光特性为I_θ0＝I₀₀cosθ，其中I₀₀表示的是垂直面和水平面交线方向上的光强，α表示出射光线与垂直于线状光源长轴的平面所呈的夹角。定义C₉₀平面为通过线状光源光轴且经过线状光源长轴方向所在平面，即水平面；θ表示同时通过线状光源长轴和出射光线的平面与水平面C₉₀所成的角度，I_θ0表示的是在通过线状光源长轴方向且与通过长轴的水平面成θ角的平面与垂直面C₀的交线方向上的光强，I_θα表示同时在通过线状光源长轴和出射光线的平面与水平面C₉₀呈θ角、出射光线与垂直于线状光源长轴的平面成α角的方向上的光强；r为导光板底面计算点P到线状光源的最短距离，线状光源的两端的坐标为(0,y_i1,z)和(0,y_i2,z)；将角度信息转化为笛卡尔直角坐标系下，阵列线状光源在P点处产生的照度E’_h定义如下：Define the longitudinal light distribution characteristic of each light-emitting element in a linear light source with a length L as I _θα =I _θ0 cosα, that is, f(α)=cosα, and the horizontal light distribution characteristic as I _θ0 =I ₀₀ cosθ, where I ₀₀ represents is the light intensity in the direction of the intersection of the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, and α represents the angle between the outgoing light and the plane perpendicular to the long axis of the linear light source. Define the C _{90 plane} as the plane that passes through the optical axis of the linear light source and passes through the direction of the long axis of the linear light source, that is, the horizontal _plane ; Indicates the light intensity in the direction of the intersection of the plane passing through the long axis of the linear light source and forming an angle θ with the horizontal plane passing through the long axis and the vertical plane C ₀ , I _θα represents the light intensity passing through the long axis of the linear light source and exiting at the same time The plane of the light and the horizontal plane C ₉₀ form an angle θ, and the light intensity in the direction in which the outgoing light forms an angle α with the plane perpendicular to the long axis of the linear light source; r is the shortest distance from the calculated point P on the bottom surface of the light guide plate to the linear light source, The coordinates of the two ends of the linear light source are (0,y _i1 ,z) and (0,y _i2 ,z); the angle information is transformed into the Cartesian rectangular coordinate system, and the illuminance E' generated by the array linear light source at point P _h is defined as follows:

式中，y_ij表示第i个光源两端的y坐标值，j的最大取值为2，表示光源的两端；In the formula, y _ij represents the y-coordinate value of both ends of the i-th light source, and the maximum value of j is 2, which represents the two ends of the light source;

将实际LED光源微元化，在y和z方向上进行二次积分，阵列扩展光源在P点处产生的照度E”_h定义如下：The actual LED light source is micronized, and the quadratic integration is performed in the y and z directions. The illuminance E" _h generated by the array extended light source at point P is defined as follows:

式中，θ_全表示光线在介质材料中传播时的全反射角。In the formula, θ is the _total reflection angle when the light propagates in the medium material.

较佳的，在本实施例中，所述线状光源的光强分布用两个平面上的光强分布曲线表示。一个平面通过线状光源的纵轴(长轴)，此平面上的光强分布曲线称为纵向(水平面或C₉₀面)光强分布曲线；另一个平面与线状光源长轴垂直，这个平面上的光强分布曲线称为横向(垂直面或C₀)光强分布曲线。如图5所示。Preferably, in this embodiment, the light intensity distribution of the linear light source is represented by light intensity distribution curves on two planes. One plane passes through the longitudinal axis (major axis) of the linear light source, and the light intensity distribution curve on this plane is called the longitudinal (horizontal plane or C ₉₀ plane) light intensity distribution curve; the other plane is perpendicular to the long axis of the linear light source, and this plane The light intensity distribution curve on is called the transverse (vertical plane or C ₀ ) light intensity distribution curve. As shown in Figure 5.

在本实施例中，步骤S2具体包括以下步骤：In this embodiment, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

步骤S21：基于能量守恒原理，假定光学系统不存在额外吸收、散射等能量消耗，根据已得到的阵列LED光源数据信息，构建阵列LED光源对导光板底面能量分布；Step S21: Based on the principle of energy conservation, assuming that there is no energy consumption such as additional absorption and scattering in the optical system, according to the obtained array LED light source data information, construct the energy distribution of the array LED light source to the bottom surface of the light guide plate;

步骤S22：定义导光板出射面的照度分布情况及其数学表示形式，完善导光板内能量传导情况的理论表达；Step S22: Define the illuminance distribution on the exit surface of the light guide plate and its mathematical expression, and improve the theoretical expression of the energy transmission in the light guide plate;

步骤S23：建立阵列LED光源对导光板底面的照度分布与预定义的导光板出射面的照度分布之间的映射关系，通过数值求解得到导光板网点阵列分布和直径；Step S23: Establish a mapping relationship between the illuminance distribution of the array LED light source on the bottom surface of the light guide plate and the predefined illuminance distribution on the exit surface of the light guide plate, and obtain the dot array distribution and diameter of the light guide plate through numerical calculation;

步骤S24：根据导光板网点阵列分布和直径，构建具有散射网点的导光板结构模型，利用光学仿真软件建立导光板模型，完成背光膜片的选材及属性设置，生成散射网点阵列，验证背光模组的光学性能。Step S24: According to the distribution and diameter of the dot array of the light guide plate, construct a structural model of the light guide plate with scattering dots, use optical simulation software to establish the light guide plate model, complete the material selection and attribute setting of the backlight film, generate the scattering dot array, and verify the backlight module optical performance.

在本实施例中，步骤S3具体为：将导光板底面划分为n部分，定义导光板出射面为均匀面光源，每部分散射出导光板的光线能量均为同一定值；设导光板底面垂直于xoy平面上的照度分布与散射网点半径大小成反比关系，通过递推得到导光板底面的照度分布与网点半径的关系为：In this embodiment, step S3 is specifically as follows: divide the bottom surface of the light guide plate into n parts, define the exit surface of the light guide plate as a uniform surface light source, and the light energy scattered out of the light guide plate by each part is the same constant value; set the bottom surface of the light guide plate to be vertical The illuminance distribution on the xoy plane is inversely proportional to the radius of the scattering dots, and the relationship between the illuminance distribution on the bottom surface of the light guide plate and the dot radius is obtained by recursion:

式中，C_k表示的是第k部分中导光板底面的照度分布，r_k对应于第k部分中散射网点半径分布，C₁表示光线进入导光板的初始照度E_h分布，由阵列LED光源唯一确定。In the formula, C _k represents the illuminance distribution of the bottom surface of the light guide plate in the k-th part, r _k corresponds to the radius distribution of the scattering dots in the k-th part, and C ₁ represents the initial illuminance E _h distribution of the light entering the light guide plate, which is determined by the array LED light source Only sure.

较佳的，在本实施例中，步骤S24中，利用光学仿真软件建立导光板，仿真和建立模型可以采用TracePro、Lighttools等光学仿真软件，但不限于此。Preferably, in this embodiment, in step S24, an optical simulation software is used to establish the light guide plate, and optical simulation software such as TracePro and Lighttools can be used for simulation and model building, but is not limited thereto.

特别的，本实施例所提出的方法可用于液晶显示背光源导光板，还可以用于普通照明光源用导光板、灯箱导光板等应用场景。In particular, the method proposed in this embodiment can be used for a light guide plate of a liquid crystal display backlight source, and can also be used in application scenarios such as a light guide plate for a general lighting source, a light box light guide plate, and the like.

具体的，如图3所示，本实施例分析图3中的角度关系，α表示入射光线与其在xoz平面上的投影之间的夹角，θ_i则表示第i个LED出射的光线在xoz平面上的投影与xoy平面所呈的夹角。根据余弦辐射体的光学特性，与I_θ方向成α角的发光强度I_θα可用以下数学表达式描述：Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, this embodiment analyzes the angular relationship in Figure 3, α represents the angle between the incident light and its projection on the xoz plane, and θ _i represents the light emitted by the i-th LED at xoz The angle between the projection on the plane and the xoy plane. According to the optical properties of the cosine radiator, the luminous intensity I _θα at an angle α to the direction of I _θ can be described by the following mathematical expression:

I_θα＝I_θ×cosα；I _θα = I _θ ×cosα;

在垂直于xoy平面且过OP点的平面中，可将已获得的二维平面位置坐标关系应用其中，那么入射光线在指向平面N上P点的所产生的法线方向照度E_n可以用下式计算：In the plane perpendicular to the xoy plane and passing through the point OP, the obtained two-dimensional plane position coordinate relationship can be applied to it, then the normal direction illuminance E _n generated by the incident light pointing to the point P on the plane N can be used as follows formula calculation:

不难得到光源在水平面上P点所产生的照度E_h为：It is not difficult to obtain the illuminance E _h generated by the light source at point P on the horizontal plane as:

根据图3中的角度关系，入射光线在坐标系中的几何关系满足下列数学表达式：According to the angular relationship in Figure 3, the geometric relationship of the incident light in the coordinate system satisfies the following mathematical expression:

图4为本发明实施例中笛卡尔坐标系下导光板线状光源位置示意图。在笛卡尔坐标系下，阵列LED点光源的个数和位置可以由设计者自行定义，联立以上公式，最终可得到阵列光源与任意一点P的水平面照度E_h关系式：Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of the linear light source on the light guide plate in the Cartesian coordinate system in the embodiment of the present invention. In the Cartesian coordinate system, the number and position of the array LED point light source can be defined by the designer. By combining the above formulas, the relationship between the array light source and the horizontal plane illuminance E _h of any point P can be finally obtained:

如图6所示，在笛卡尔坐标系下，将导光板的入光侧定义为直角坐标系的yoz平面，线状光源放置于实际LED光源中心位置，长度为L的线状光源微分化后取任意一个发光元dy，由于发光元dy在导光板底面所产生的照度符合平方反比定律，则可以得到dy在P点处所产生的I_θ0方向上的照度E_n之间的关系：As shown in Figure 6, in the Cartesian coordinate system, the light incident side of the light guide plate is defined as the yoz plane of the Cartesian coordinate system, the linear light source is placed at the center of the actual LED light source, and the linear light source with a length of L is differentiated Taking any light-emitting element dy, since the illuminance generated by the light-emitting element dy on the bottom surface of the light guide plate conforms to the inverse square law, the relationship between the illuminance _En in the direction of I _θ0 generated by dy at point P can be obtained:

式中，l指的是线状光源的发光元dy与某计算点P两点之间连线的距离。整个线状光源在P点处产生的I_θ0方向上的照度E_n可由发光单元的照度积分获得：In the formula, l refers to the distance between the luminous element dy of the linear light source and a certain calculation point P. The illuminance En in the direction of I _θ0 generated by the entire linear light source at point P can be obtained from the illuminance integral of the light _- emitting unit:

其中，α₁和α₂分别表示线状光源两端和P点的连线与I_θ0方向所产生的张角。这里定义线状光源的两端的坐标为(0,y_i1,z)和(0,y_i2,z)，i同样用于区别位于入光侧阵列不同位置处的LED点光源，所有线状光源距离导光板底面的高度是一致的，则所有线状光源的z坐标都相等。Among them, α ₁ and α ₂ respectively represent the opening angles generated by the connection line between the two ends of the linear light source and point P and the direction of I _θ0 . Here, the coordinates of the two ends of the linear light source are defined as (0,y _i1 ,z) and (0,y _i2 ,z). If the heights from the bottom surface of the light guide plate are the same, then the z coordinates of all linear light sources are equal.

定义线状光源中每个发光元dy的纵向配光特性为I_θα＝I_θ0cosα，即f(α)＝cosα，横向配光特性为I_θ0＝I₀₀cosθ，其中I₀₀表示的是垂直面和水平面交线方向上的光强。将纵向配光特性代入公式，可将角度信息转化为笛卡尔直角坐标系下单个线状光源在P点处产生的照度的函数表达式，根据积分求和，阵列线状光源在P点处产生的照度E’_h可表示如下：Define the vertical light distribution characteristic of each light-emitting element dy in the linear light source as I _θα =I _θ0 cosα, that is, f(α)=cosα, and the horizontal light distribution characteristic as I _θ0 =I ₀₀ cosθ, where I ₀₀ represents the vertical The light intensity in the direction of the intersection line between the plane and the horizontal plane. By substituting the longitudinal light distribution characteristics into the formula, the angle information can be transformed into a functional expression of the illuminance generated by a single linear light source at point P in the Cartesian rectangular coordinate system. According to the integral summation, the array linear light source is generated at point P The illuminance E' _h can be expressed as follows:

为了使模拟仿真能获得更接近实际的照度分布，首先将实际LED光源微元化，导光板未分布网点时照度的模拟情况如图7以及8所示，将扩展光源在平行于入光面且平行于出光面方向上看作无数线状光源组合，线状光源的长轴方向垂直于导光板底面xoy，微元dz在导光板底面所产生的照度符合平方反比定律，积分可得整个线状光源在P点处产生的垂直于导光板底面的照度为：In order to make the simulation more close to the actual illuminance distribution, the actual LED light source is first micro-elementized, and the illuminance simulation situation when the light guide plate is not distributed is shown in Figures 7 and 8. The extended light source is parallel to the light incident surface and The direction parallel to the light-emitting surface is regarded as a combination of countless linear light sources. The long axis direction of the linear light source is perpendicular to the bottom surface xoy of the light guide plate. The illuminance generated by the microelement dz on the bottom surface of the light guide plate conforms to the inverse square law. The illuminance generated by the light source at point P perpendicular to the bottom surface of the light guide plate is:

假设每一发光微元的纵向配光特性为I_θα＝I_θ0 cosα，即f(α)＝cosα，横向配光特性为I_θ0＝I₀₀ cosθ，其中I₀₀表示的是垂直面和水平面交线方向上的光强。定义扩展光源两端的坐标为(0,y_i1,z_i1)和(0,y_i2,z_i2)，联立公式可以得到扩展光源在计算点P处产生的垂直于导光板底面的照度E”_h函数表达式：Assume that the vertical light distribution characteristic of each light-emitting micro-element is I _θα =I _θ0 cosα, that is, f(α)=cosα, and the horizontal light distribution characteristic is I _θ0 =I ₀₀ cosθ, where I ₀₀ represents the intersection of the vertical plane and the horizontal plane. The light intensity in the direction of the line. Define the coordinates at both ends of the extended light source as (0, y _i1 , z _i1 ) and (0, y _i2 , z _i2 ), the simultaneous formula can get the illuminance E perpendicular to the bottom surface of the light guide plate generated by the extended light source at the calculation point P" _h function expression:

如图9所示，在导光板底面将导光板划分为n部分，若要在导光板出射面得到均匀面光源，则每部分散射出导光板的光线能量均为同一定值。为了简化数学模型可作如下假设：导光板底面垂直于xoy平面上的照度分布与散射网点半径大小成反比关系，则不同区域网点散射的能量满足的差分方程可以描述为：As shown in Figure 9, the light guide plate is divided into n parts on the bottom surface of the light guide plate. If a uniform surface light source is to be obtained on the exit surface of the light guide plate, the light energy scattered out of the light guide plate by each part has the same constant value. In order to simplify the mathematical model, the following assumptions can be made: the illuminance distribution on the bottom surface of the light guide plate perpendicular to the xoy plane is inversely proportional to the radius of the scattering dots, and the difference equation satisfied by the scattering energy of the dots in different regions can be described as:

C_kr_k＝C_k-1r_k-1；C _k r _k = C _k-1 r _k-1 ;

式中，C_k表示的是第k部分中导光板底面的照度分布，r_k对应于第k部分中散射网点半径分布。同理，C_k-1和r_k-1分别是第k-1部分中导光板底面的照度分布和第k-1部分中散射网点半径分布。第k部分的所得光线能量是已经经过第k-1部分的散射网点散射后得到的，即第k部分的光线能量取决于到达第k-1部分的光线能量和被第k-1部分中散射网点散射的光线能量，则到达第k部分的光线能量可表示为：In the formula, C _k represents the illuminance distribution on the bottom surface of the light guide plate in the kth part, and r _k corresponds to the radius distribution of the scattering dots in the kth part. Similarly, C _k-1 and r _k-1 are respectively the illuminance distribution on the bottom surface of the light guide plate in the k-1 part and the radius distribution of the scattering dots in the k-1 part. The obtained light energy of the k-th part is obtained after being scattered by the scattering network points of the k-1th part, that is, the light energy of the k-th part depends on the light energy reaching the k-1th part and being scattered by the k-1th part The light energy scattered by the network point, then the light energy reaching the kth part can be expressed as:

C_k＝C_k-1(1-r_k-1)；C _k =C _k-1 (1-r _k-1 );

通过公式的迭代计算，导光板底面的照度分布与网点半径的关系可以通过下列式子递推求得：Through the iterative calculation of the formula, the relationship between the illuminance distribution on the bottom surface of the light guide plate and the dot radius can be calculated by the following formula:

式中，C₁表示光线进入导光板的初始照度E_h分布，由阵列LED光源唯一确定。对上式合并同类项后整理得到下列式子：In the formula, _C1 represents the initial illuminance E _h distribution of light entering the light guide plate, which is uniquely determined by the array LED light source. After merging similar items in the above formula, the following formula is obtained:

接下来本实施例以创立美有机玻璃板材有限公司的一款120mm×70mm×2mm的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(Polymethylmethacrylate,PMMA)导光板作为设计目标，侧入式LED光源芯片的发光有效区域为4mm×1.4mm，LED芯片厚度为0.8mm。根据产品规格书的参数，该LED可以在典型功率0.2瓦特时输出25流明的光通量。考虑到按整齐矩阵排列的网点易于产生摩尔条纹影响均匀性，为了避免该问题，本实施例采用网点位置交错分布的设计方案，图14即为导光网点整齐分布(图14(a))和交错分布(图14(b))示意图。X_pitch表示平行于x轴方向的同一直线上相邻两点之间的距离，设置为1.14mm；同理，Y_pitch表示的是平行于y轴方向的同一直线上相邻两点之间的距离，设置为2mm。Next, in this embodiment, a 120mm×70mm×2mm polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) light guide plate produced by Chuangmei Plexiglass Sheet Co., Ltd. is used as the design target. The effective area of the side-entry LED light source chip is 4mm×1.4mm, LED chip thickness is 0.8mm. According to the parameters of the product specification, the LED can output a luminous flux of 25 lumens at a typical power of 0.2 watts. Considering that the dots arranged in a neat matrix are easy to produce moiré fringes and affect the uniformity, in order to avoid this problem, this embodiment adopts the design scheme of staggered distribution of dot positions, and Figure 14 is the neat distribution of light guide dots (Figure 14(a)) and Schematic diagram of the staggered distribution (Fig. 14(b)). X_pitch represents the distance between two adjacent points on the same line parallel to the x-axis direction, set to 1.14mm; similarly, Y_pitch represents the distance between two adjacent points on the same line parallel to the y-axis direction, Set to 2mm.

在本实施例中，根据点光源的推导，经过Matlab数值求解可以得到用于5.5英寸PMMA导光板的散射网点的半径分布轮廓曲面，如图10所示。图10(a)可以看出，网点半径大小分布随计算点与光源的距离增大而增大，由于导光板底面的能量分布随计算点与光源的距离增大而减小，所以近光源区域设计为小网点使得光线能量大概率向远离光源区域传播，因此，图10(a)中散射网点的半径分布轮廓曲面符合设计初衷。图10(b)是以线状光源作为设计光源得到的散射网点的半径分布轮廓曲面，散射网点的半径分布考虑了LED光源在入光侧产生的萤火虫效应，但网点半径随计算点与光源的距离增大而减小，远光源区域网点半径值小至几纳米，这并不符合设计中的网点半径大小的变化规律。图10(c)是基于扩展光源设计得到的散射网点半径分布轮廓曲面，集成了点光源以及线状光源的特点，使得导光板的出光情况更加接近实际情况。导光板网点的分布情况由LED配光特性以及阵列分布位置决定，整个导光板网点分布区域的大小定义为116mm×66mm。按照设计参数中对散射网点半径分布的定义，首先将利用X_pitch和Y_pitch参数对所有网点位置进行离散化定位并计算所有网点位置的照度分布，再根据导光板底面的照度求解散射网点半径大小值，自定义散射网点位置以进一步优化，提升设计自由度。In this embodiment, according to the derivation of the point light source, the radius distribution contour surface of the scattering dots used in the 5.5-inch PMMA light guide plate can be obtained through Matlab numerical solution, as shown in FIG. 10 . It can be seen from Figure 10(a) that the size distribution of the dot radius increases with the distance between the calculation point and the light source, and because the energy distribution on the bottom surface of the light guide plate decreases with the increase of the distance between the calculation point and the light source, the area near the light source The design of small dots makes the light energy spread to the area far away from the light source with a high probability. Therefore, the radius distribution contour surface of the scattering dots in Figure 10(a) conforms to the original design intention. Figure 10(b) is the curved surface of the radius distribution profile of the scattering dots obtained by using a linear light source as the design light source. The radius distribution of the scattering dots takes into account the firefly effect produced by the LED light source on the light incident side, but the radius of the dots varies with the distance between the calculation point and the light source. The distance increases and decreases, and the dot radius value in the far light source area is as small as a few nanometers, which does not conform to the change rule of the dot radius in the design. Figure 10(c) is the curved surface of the radius distribution profile of the scattering dots based on the extended light source design, which integrates the characteristics of point light sources and linear light sources, making the light output of the light guide plate closer to the actual situation. The distribution of the dots of the light guide plate is determined by the light distribution characteristics of the LED and the distribution position of the array. The size of the dot distribution area of the whole light guide plate is defined as 116mm×66mm. According to the definition of the radius distribution of the scattering dots in the design parameters, firstly use the X_pitch and Y_pitch parameters to discretize the position of all dots and calculate the illuminance distribution of all dot positions, and then calculate the radius value of the scattering dots according to the illuminance of the bottom surface of the light guide plate. Customize the location of scattering dots for further optimization, increasing the degree of design freedom.

在光学仿真软件TracePro中构建了包括阵列LED光源、PMMA导光板、反射片、扩散膜、棱镜膜。LED芯片的发光表面与导光板入光侧的距离为0.1mm，为装配预留了一定间隙，同时保证了系统的紧凑。导光板和各膜片按照实际尺寸建模，散射网点阵列先编写为TracePro宏语言，再由Reptile属性导入，最终完成的整个光学系统建模。In the optical simulation software TracePro, the array LED light source, PMMA light guide plate, reflector, diffusion film, and prism film were constructed. The distance between the light-emitting surface of the LED chip and the light incident side of the light guide plate is 0.1mm, which reserves a certain gap for assembly and ensures the compactness of the system at the same time. The light guide plate and each diaphragm are modeled according to the actual size, and the scattering dot array is first written in the TracePro macro language, and then imported by the Reptile attribute, and finally the entire optical system is modeled.

导光板网点分布决定了背光系统光能利用率和出光均匀性，根据散射网点阵列的算法推导得到了点光源——线状光源——面光源条件下网点分布的轮廓曲面，将光源定义为阵列点光源，并置于导光板左侧，且为长边入光，从图11可以看到出光面很不均匀，从入光侧到远离光源区域照度增强明显，在距离光源最远的区域达到了照度的峰值，其主要原因是由于点光源与实际的LED芯片在发光面积和发光强度分布都有很大区别导致。The dot distribution of the light guide plate determines the light energy utilization rate and light uniformity of the backlight system. According to the algorithm of the scattering dot array, the contour surface of the dot distribution under the condition of point light source-linear light source-surface light source is obtained, and the light source is defined as an array. A point light source is placed on the left side of the light guide plate, and the light enters from the long side. From Figure 11, it can be seen that the light output surface is very uneven, and the illuminance increases significantly from the light incident side to the area far away from the light source. The peak of the illuminance is lowered, the main reason is that there is a big difference between the point light source and the actual LED chip in the light-emitting area and luminous intensity distribution.

对导光板出光面均匀性的评价采用国际通用的ANSI九点法。ANSI九点法测试均匀性的方法是在测得目标面上的点1-9的亮度值(Luminance)的基础上，取其中的最小值和最大值相除得到最终的均匀性，根据对于照度均匀性的计算方法，该初始化设计的系统在采用实际LED芯片模拟时的照度均匀性仅为13.612％，能量利用率为86.33％，很难满足实际出光均匀性的需求。The evaluation of the uniformity of the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate adopts the internationally accepted ANSI nine-point method. The ANSI nine-point method for testing uniformity is based on the measured luminance values (Luminance) of points 1-9 on the target surface, and dividing the minimum and maximum values to obtain the final uniformity. According to the illuminance Uniformity calculation method, the initial designed system has an illumination uniformity of only 13.612% and an energy utilization rate of 86.33% when the actual LED chip simulation is used, which is difficult to meet the actual demand for uniformity of light output.

将光源定义为阵列线状光源，并置于导光板左侧，且为长边入光，如图12可以看出阵列线状光源远光源区域能量趋近于零，导光板近光侧则有大量光线出射。分析其主要原因为导光板近光源区域分布网点远大于远光源区域网点半径，光线经过近光源区域散射后，由于远光源区域导光网点半径很小，光线被散射的概率大大降低；导光板两侧照度大则是由于两个侧边的反射片导致出光，能量利用率只有76.66％，由于远光源区域照度值趋近于零，所以均匀性无法评价。The light source is defined as an array linear light source, and placed on the left side of the light guide plate, and the long side receives light. As shown in Figure 12, it can be seen that the energy of the array linear light source is close to zero in the far light source area, while the near light side of the light guide plate has Lots of light coming out. Analysis of the main reason is that the dots distributed in the near light source area of the light guide plate are much larger than the dot radius in the far light source area. The large side illumination is due to the light emitted by the two side reflectors, and the energy utilization rate is only 76.66%. Since the illumination value in the far light source area approaches zero, the uniformity cannot be evaluated.

图13是基于扩展光源5.5英寸导光板的出光照度分布图，根据系统仿真结果，不考虑各光学膜片的能量损失等因素，导光板的光线传输效率达到了90.9％。按照ANSI九点法计算出导光板的照度均匀性提升到89.89％，达到了出光均匀性的设计目标。在图11、图12中，基于点光源设计方案导致出光不均匀的现象也得到了极大的改进，避免了远、近光源区域网点半径过大过小的问题。结果表明：在进行散射网点分布设计时，阵列LED光源并不能简单构建为阵列点光源或者阵列线状光源的模型，在二者基础上采用基于扩展光源的网点分布能够获得有效设计，证明了该设计方法的正确性和实用性。Figure 13 is a distribution diagram of the output light intensity of a 5.5-inch light guide plate based on the extended light source. According to the system simulation results, the light transmission efficiency of the light guide plate reaches 90.9%, regardless of factors such as energy loss of each optical film. Calculated according to the ANSI nine-point method, the illumination uniformity of the light guide plate is increased to 89.89%, reaching the design goal of light uniformity. In Figure 11 and Figure 12, the phenomenon of uneven light output based on the point light source design scheme has also been greatly improved, avoiding the problem of too large or too small dot radii in the far and near light source areas. The results show that: in the design of scattering dot distribution, the array LED light source cannot be simply constructed as an array point light source or an array linear light source model, and an effective design can be obtained by adopting the dot distribution based on the extended light source on the basis of the two, which proves the The correctness and practicality of the design method.

以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.