CN109585689A - display panel, display device and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

The invention discloses a display panel, a display device and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the display panel comprises: a substrate; a plurality of pixels including a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel; the optical coupling layer comprises a first optical coupling layer and a second optical coupling layer, the first optical coupling layer covers the first sub-pixel, and the second optical coupling layer covers the second sub-pixel; the first light coupling layer and the second light coupling layer are made of different materials. The invention can make the optical coupling layer have higher refractive index to the light emitted by the corresponding pixel structure, and make each pixel structure have optimal luminous efficiency; on the other hand, through the combination of different optical coupling layers, the refractive index change value of the optical coupling layer to the visible light area is as small as possible, the color cast problem of the display panel is reduced, and the display effect is improved.

Display panel, display device and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of display technology, more particularly to a kind of display panel, display device and preparation method thereof.

Background technique

OLED, i.e. Organic Light Emitting Diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), also known as organic electroluminescence hair Optical device.Fig. 1 is the basic block diagram of OLED, anode 201 ', cathode 202 ' and luminous function including each pixel region of correspondence Ergosphere 20 ', when voltage is applied on anode and cathode, hole is moved to luminous one functional layer 20 ' by hole transmission layer, Electronics is moved to light emitting functional layer 20 ' by electron transfer layer, and the two is compound in light emitting functional layer 20 ', light emitting functional layer material Exciton in material moves to ground state by excitation state and shines.

Light can be interacted with free-moving electrons with photon in cathode when through cathode, generation along The electronic sparse wave that cathode metal surface is propagated, referred to as surface plasmons.Light through cathode metal layer 202 ' when Therefore time can lose part energy.Therefore, generally there is one layer of light coupling layer (Capping in 202 ' top production of cathode at present Layer, CPL), make the generation of surface plasmons by certain inhibition, reduces the damage that light penetrates cathode metal layer 202 ' It loses, improves the light extraction efficiency of light.But in present design, the material of the corresponding light coupling layer 30 ' of different light emitting functional layers 20 ' Expect identical, and same material is different the refractive index of the light of different colours, in general the pixel wavelength that issues light Longer, light coupling layer 30 ' is lower to the refractive index of light, causes the light extraction effect of long wave length direction poor, display panel is shown It is ineffective.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of display panel and display device, it is correspondingly arranged for the light of different colors The light coupling layer of different materials improves light extraction efficiency, saves cost of manufacture.

The present invention provides a kind of display panels, comprising:

Substrate；

Multiple pixels, the pixel include the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and third sub-pixel；

Light coupling layer, the light coupling layer include the first light coupling layer and the second light coupling layer, first light coupling layer First sub-pixel is covered, second light coupling layer covers second sub-pixel；

First light coupling layer is different with the composition material type of second light coupling layer.

Optionally, in the above display panel, first light coupling layer and the second light coupling layer same layer, and it is described First light coupling layer is identical with the second light coupling layer thickness.

Optionally, in the above display panel, first light coupling layer and the second light coupling layer same layer, and it is described First light coupling layer is different with the second light coupling layer thickness.

Optionally, in the above display panel, the rubescent color wavelength light of first sub-pixel, second sub-pixel turn blue Color wavelength light, the third sub-pixel green-emitting wavelength light；

First light coupling layer covers the third sub-pixel or second light coupling layer covers the third picture Element.

It optionally, in the above display panel, further include third light coupling layer, third light coupling layer covering described the Three sub-pixels.

Optionally, in the above display panel, first light coupling layer and the second light coupling layer different layers；

First light coupling layer covers the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and third sub-pixel, second optical coupling The first sub-pixel of layer covering, the second sub-pixel and third sub-pixel.

Optionally, in the above display panel, the composition material type of the third light coupling layer and first optocoupler The composition material species partial for closing layer is identical,

Or, the composition material species partial phase of the composition material type of the third light coupling layer and second coupling layer Together.

Optionally, in the above display panel, the composition material type of the third light coupling layer and first optocoupler The composition material type of the composition material type, second light coupling layer of closing layer is different.

Optionally, in the above display panel, first light coupling layer and the second light coupling layer different layers；

First light coupling layer covers the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and third sub-pixel, second optical coupling The first sub-pixel of layer covering, the second sub-pixel and third sub-pixel.

Optionally, in the above display panel, the folding for the light that first light coupling layer issues first sub-pixel Penetrating rate is n1, and second light coupling layer is less than the difference that the refractive index for the light that second sub-pixel issues is n2, n1 and n2 Or it is equal to 0.3.

Optionally, in the above display panel, the material of first light coupling layer includes phenanthroline class, benzimidazole At least one of class, benzacridine class, dibenzo acridine class and bipyridyliums compound；

The material of second light coupling layer includes at least one in aromatic amine, carbazoles and dihydracridine compound Kind.

The present invention also provides a kind of display device, the display device includes display panel described in any of the above embodiments.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of production methods of display panel, comprising:

One substrate is provided；

Multiple pixels are formed on the substrate, and the pixel includes the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and third sub- picture Element；

The first light coupling layer is formed in first pixel, first light coupling layer covers first sub-pixel；

The second light coupling layer is formed in second pixel, second light coupling layer covers second sub-pixel；

Wherein, first light coupling layer is different with the composition material type of second light coupling layer.

Optionally, in the production method of above-mentioned display panel, the light coupling layer using be deposited, be coated with, inkjet printing Or silk-screen printing technique is made.

Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that protrude as follows:

Technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is formed by covering above the dot structure of different luminescent colors The different light coupling layer of material category, on the one hand, can make light coupling layer that there is the light that corresponding dot structure issues higher Refractive index, thus make each dot structure have optimal luminous efficiency, improve the light extraction efficiency of display panel；Another party Face can make light coupling layer small as far as possible to the variations in refractive index value of visible region by the combination of different light coupling layers, from And reduce the colour cast problem of display panel, improve the display effect of display panel.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of OLED structure in the prior art；

Fig. 2 is a kind of the schematic diagram of the section structure of display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 8 is a kind of production method flow diagram of display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 9 is a kind of schematic diagram of display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

To make the above purposes, features and advantages of the invention more obvious and understandable, below in conjunction with attached drawing and implementation The present invention will be further described for example.

It should be noted that elaborating detail in the following description to fully understand the present invention.But this hair Bright to be different from other way described herein with a variety of and be implemented, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice in the present invention Similar popularization is done in the case where culvert.Therefore the present invention is not limited by following public specific embodiment.

In addition it is also necessary to explanation, attached drawing is all made of simplified form and using non-accurate ratio, only to side Just, the purpose of the apparent aid illustration embodiment of the present invention.

It should be appreciated that term "and/or" used herein is only a kind of incidence relation for describing affiliated partner, indicate There may be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, can indicate: individualism A, exist simultaneously A and B, individualism B these three Situation.In addition, character "/" herein, typicallys represent the relationship that forward-backward correlation object is a kind of "or".

It will be appreciated that though sub-pixel may be described in embodiments of the present invention using first, second, third, etc., but These sub-pixels should not necessarily be limited by these terms.These terms are only used to for sub-pixel being distinguished from each other out.For example, not departing from this hair In the case where bright scope of embodiments, the first sub-pixel can also be referred to as the second sub-pixel, similar, and the second sub-pixel can also be with Referred to as the first sub-pixel.

The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of display panels, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is a kind of display surface provided by the invention The schematic diagram of the section structure of plate.The display panel includes substrate 10, multiple pixels 20, and pixel 20 includes the first sub-pixel 21, the Two sub-pixels 22 and third sub-pixel (not shown).Light coupling layer 30, light coupling layer 30 include the first light coupling layer 31 and second Light coupling layer 32.Wherein, the first light coupling layer 31 covers the first sub-pixel 21, and the second light coupling layer 32 covers the second sub-pixel 22.First light coupling layer 31 is different with the composition material type of the second light coupling layer 32.

It should be noted that when the composition material of the first light coupling layer 31 and the second light coupling layer 32 is a kind of single material When material, the first light coupling layer 31 being previously mentioned in the embodiment of the present invention is different with the composition material type of the second light coupling layer 32, The molecular formula for referring specifically to 32 composition material of the first light coupling layer 31 and the second light coupling layer is not identical.Also need to illustrate It is that in practical applications, the material of light coupling layer can be the mixing of multiple material, when the first light coupling layer 31 and/or second When light coupling layer 32 includes multiple material, as long as having one kind in the composition material of the first light coupling layer 31 and the second light coupling layer 32 The molecular formula of material is not identical, it can is interpreted as the composition material type of the first light coupling layer 31 and the second light coupling layer 32 not Together.

In general, the design of light coupling layer 30 ' is made using one layer of positive dispersion material, covers display panel One flood structure of all pixels, referring to Figure 1.Since the wavelength of the light of different colours is different, for composition material kind For the single light coupling layer of class, light coupling layer 30 ' is different to the refractive index of different colours light.In 450nm~630nm wavelength model In enclosing, as the increase refractive index of wavelength tapers off trend, it will lead to light coupling layer and the refractive index of long wavelength light be decreased obviously, The light extraction efficiency of long wavelength is deteriorated, and display panel is easy to produce colour cast problem, influences display effect.

Embodiment provided by the invention is covered each by different luminescent colors using the diverse light coupling layer of composition material Sub-pixel, can for different colours light selection different materials preparation light coupling layer be corresponding to it, make light coupling layer pair The light of different colours has close or identical refractive index, can reduce in display panel light coupling layer to high band and low band Light coupling layer especially can be improved to the extraction efficiency of long wavelength light, so as to specific aim in refractive index difference between light Improvement display panel colour cast problem, improve display panel display effect.

Optionally, continuing with referring to fig. 2, in embodiments of the present invention, the first light coupling layer 31 and the second light coupling layer 32 Same layer setting, and the first light coupling layer 31 is identical with 32 thickness of the second light coupling layer.In prior art, light coupling layer is by true What the method for sky vapor deposition was made, the thickness of light coupling layer is controlled by the time of vapor deposition, when 31 He of the first light coupling layer The thickness of second light coupling layer 32 is identical, can save process costs.

Optionally, Fig. 3 is referred to, Fig. 3 is the sectional view of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in this hair In bright embodiment, the first light coupling layer 31 and the setting of 32 same layer of the second light coupling layer, and the second optocoupler of the first light coupling layer 31 It is different to close 32 thickness of layer.In general, change light coupling layer to different wave length in addition to the composition material of adjustment light coupling layer 30 Other than the refractive index of light, it can also be imitated by changing the light path of the light of different wave length to control the extraction of 30 pairs of light of light coupling layer Rate, the light coupling layer by the way that different-thickness is arranged are matched with its material, can be further improved extraction of the light coupling layer to light Efficiency improves the display effect of display panel.

First light coupling layer 31 provided in an embodiment of the present invention and the second light coupling layer 32 can be covered not for it With the pixel of color, suitable light coupling layer composition material type is selected, so that it may adjust light coupling layer to different colours light Refractive index promotes the light extraction efficiency of different colours light to greatest extent, reduces light coupling layer to the light extraction efficiency of different colours light Influence deviation, while the thickness without additionally changing its corresponding light coupling layer for the pixel of different luminescent colors, on the one hand, can On the other hand the thickness of display panel can also be reduced with the yield for improving display panel simultaneously in saving cost of manufacture.

It should be noted that display panel generally comprises the sub-pixel of three kinds of color of light of hair, i.e. red wavelength light R, green Wavelength light G and blue wavelength light B three primary colors.The light coupling layer being made of homogenous material is mainly to red wavelength light and to blue The refractive index difference of wavelength light is larger, and green wavelength light forms same material between red wavelength and blue wavelength For the light coupling layer of ingredient, to the refractive index of green wavelength light with to blue wavelength light/red wavelength light refringence It is worth relatively small.

Optionally, Fig. 4 is referred to, Fig. 4 is the cross-section structure signal of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure.The embodiment of the present invention is turned blue dice wavelength light, third sub- picture with the rubescent color wavelength light of the first sub-pixel 21, the second sub-pixel 22 It is illustrated for plain 23 green-emitting wavelength lights.Can choose at this time glow green third sub-pixel 23 and burn red the One sub-pixel 21 shares the first light coupling layer 31, i.e. the first light coupling layer 31 covers the first sub-pixel 21 and third sub-pixel 23.

Optionally, Fig. 5 is referred to, Fig. 5 is the cross-section structure signal of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure.The third sub-pixel 23 of glow green and the second sub-pixel 22 of the coloured light that turns blue share the second light coupling layer 32, i.e. the second light Coupling layer 32 covers the second sub-pixel 22 and third sub-pixel 23.

Further, Fig. 6 is referred to, Fig. 6 is that the cross-section structure of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention shows It is intended to.When display panel to display effect it is more demanding when, display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention further includes third light Coupling layer 33, third light coupling layer 33 cover third sub-pixel 23.At this point, third sub-pixel 23 does not need and the first sub-pixel 21 The first light coupling layer 31 is shared, does not also need to share the second light coupling layer 32 with the second sub-pixel 22, third picture can be directed to The characteristic for the light that element 23 issues selects there is the material of higher refractive index to prepare third light coupling layer third sub-pixel 23 33, to further increase light coupling layer to the light extraction efficiency of pixel in entire display panel, promote display panel entirety Display effect.

The material of third light coupling layer 33 can choose entirely different with the first light coupling layer 31, the second light coupling layer 32 Material.When the first light coupling layer 31 and the second light coupling layer 32 include a variety of different materials, third light coupling layer 33 is formed The composition material type of material category and first light coupling layer 31 can part it is identical or third light coupling layer 33 forms Material category is identical with the composition material species partial of second light coupling layer 33, further, third light coupling layer 33 Material can be the mixing of the composition material of the first light coupling layer 31 and the second light coupling layer 32, can use between different materials Synergistic effect, adjust the refractive index of light that third light coupling layer 33 issues third sub-pixel, improve and show light extraction efficiency.

Optionally, Fig. 7 is referred to, Fig. 7 is the cross-section structure signal of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure.First light coupling layer 31 and 32 different layers of the second light coupling layer, and the first sub-pixel 21 of the first light coupling layer 31 covering, Second sub-pixel 22 and third sub-pixel 23, the second light coupling layer 32 cover the first sub-pixel 21, the second sub-pixel 22 and third The refractive index of sub-pixel 23, first the 31 to the second light coupling layer of light coupling layer 32 is gradually increasing at gradient.Pass through stack-design Mode is cooperated using the first light coupling layer 31 of different refractivity and the second light coupling layer 32, optocoupler equally can be improved The light extraction efficiency for closing 30 pairs of layer different luminescent color pixels 20, improves colour cast, improves display effect.At this point, due to light coupling layer 31 and light coupling layer 32 be the flood structure for covering pixel 20, the thickness of light coupling layer can be the same or different, depending on Depending on actual demand.The thickness of light coupling layer can be selected according to the type of luminescent material used in organic display panel It selects.Further, the quantity of light coupling layer can be not limited to the first light coupling layer 31 and the second light coupling layer 32, can be according to reality The quantity of border increase in demand light coupling layer, refractive index are regulated and controled, to meet the needs of display panel.

Optionally, in order to reduce the light extraction efficiency losses of different pixels, when the rubescent color wavelength light of the first sub-pixel 21, second When sub-pixel 22 sends out blue wavelength light, the material composi of the first light coupling layer 31 provided in the embodiment of the present invention be can wrap At least one of phenanthroline class, benzimidazole, benzacridine class, dibenzo acridine class and bipyridyliums compound are included, it To the refractive index n1 higher of 550nm~630nm light, ranges of indices of refraction is 2.0~2.2.The material group of second light coupling layer 32 May include at least one of aromatic amine, carbazoles and dihydracridine compound at ingredient, they to 450nm~ The refractive index n2 higher of 550nm light, ranges of indices of refraction are 2.0~2.3.The difference of n1 and n2 is less than or equal to 0.3, i.e. optocoupler at this time It closes layer and 0.3 is less than or equal to the specific refractivity of whole visible regions.

Using above-mentioned material, the refractive index difference between high band light and low band light is smaller, can reduce to different face The light extraction efficiency deviation of coloured light, can balanced feux rouges, green light and blue light light-out effect and keep visual angle more uniform.In addition, having People uses some common OLED organic materials as light coupling layer material, such as CPB etc..Refractive index is in visible-range Greater than 1.7, less than 2.0, but 1.7 refractive index makes the light extraction effect of light coupling layer general, and display panel goes out light efficiency Rate is unsatisfactory.Therefore, different light coupling layers can be made to different colours using the material in the embodiments of the present invention Light all has higher refractive index, can improve the light extraction efficiency of display panel.In addition to this, material property, above-mentioned material are based on It is small to visible absorption coefficient, that is, will not be additional for light of the wavelength within the scope of 450nm~650nm that pixel issues Increase the loss of light.

It should be noted that the material composition of light coupling layer is not limited to above-mentioned material, can also for above-mentioned organic material and Inorganic light takes out material doped obtained material, the light of pixel 20 can be made to scatter in light coupling layer by doping.With The development of material, can also have the material of higher refractive index make to obtain light coupling layer the light of different colours using other 30。

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of production method of display panel, this method is used In making above-mentioned display panel, in conjunction with Fig. 2, as shown in figure 8, Fig. 8 is display panel production side provided by the embodiment of the present invention The flow chart of method, the production method include:

Step S10: a substrate 10 is provided.

Step S11: forming multiple pixels 20 on the substrate 10, and pixel includes 22 He of the first 21 second sub-pixel of sub-pixel Third sub-pixel 23.

Step S12: forming the first light coupling layer 31 on the first sub-pixel 21, and the first light coupling layer 31 covers the first sub- picture Element 21.

Step S13: forming the second light coupling layer 32 on the second sub-pixel 22, and the second light coupling layer 32 covers the second sub- picture Element 22.

Wherein, the first light coupling layer 31 is different with the composition material type of the second light coupling layer 32.

Optionally, above-mentioned light coupling layer can be formed using vapor deposition, spin coating, inkjet printing or silk-screen printing technique.

It should be understood that when there is also third light coupling layer 33, in the first light coupling layer 31 and the second optical coupling After layer 32 completes, third light coupling layer 33, third are made using vapor deposition, spin coating, inkjet printing or silk-screen printing technique Optical coupling 33 covers third sub-pixel 23.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of display devices, as shown in figure 9, Fig. 9 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention one The schematic diagram of kind display device.The display device includes above-mentioned display panel 100.Wherein, the specific structure of display panel has been It is described in detail in the above-described embodiments, details are not described herein again.Certainly, display device shown in Fig. 9 is only schematic Illustrate, which can make any such as mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop, electric paper book or television set to have The electronic equipment of display function.

The display device as provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes above-mentioned display panel 100, display device tool There is higher light extraction efficiency, while the luminescent color colour cast problem of pixel can also be improved, improves the display effect of display device.

The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that Specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to of the invention Protection scope.