CN110677226A - Reference signal sending and receiving method and communication equipment - Google Patents
- ️Fri Jan 10 2020
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及无线通信技术领域，特别是指一种参考信号发送、接收方法及 通信设备。The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular, to a method for sending and receiving a reference signal and a communication device.
背景技术Background technique
5G NR(New Radio，新空口)系统可能采用TDD(Time Division Duplexing， 时分双工)和FDD(Frequency Division Duplexing，频分双工)两种频段使用 方式。当5G NR基站采用TDD工作方式时，5G NR基站可能遭受到远端基站 干扰影响，即远端基站的DL信号可能会对本地基站的UL数据接收造成较强 干扰。因此，5GNR网络需要解决远端基站干扰问题。A 5G NR (New Radio, new air interface) system may adopt two frequency band usage modes, TDD (Time Division Duplexing, time division duplexing) and FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing, frequency division duplexing). When the 5G NR base station adopts the TDD working mode, the 5G NR base station may be affected by the interference of the remote base station, that is, the DL signal of the remote base station may cause strong interference to the UL data reception of the local base station. Therefore, 5GNR networks need to solve the problem of remote base station interference.
针对不同的应用场景，5G NR系统同时设计了多种参数配置(numerology)， 且不同numerology的SCS(subcarrier space，子载波间隔)不同，相应的循环前 缀(CP)长度也不同。一般而言，子载波间隔越大，OFDM符号的时域长度越短， 对应的CP长度也越短，所能容忍的多径时延扩展范围也就相应减小。For different application scenarios, a variety of parameter configurations (numerology) are designed for the 5G NR system at the same time, and the SCS (subcarrier space, subcarrier spacing) of different numerology is different, and the corresponding cyclic prefix (CP) length is also different. Generally speaking, the larger the subcarrier spacing is, the shorter the time domain length of the OFDM symbol is, and the shorter the corresponding CP length is, and the tolerable multipath delay extension range is correspondingly reduced.
考虑远端干扰问题。由于5G NR系统允许网络中同时存在多种numerology， 那么受扰基站所发送的专用干扰检测参考信号的numerology可能和施扰基站 的numerology不同。例如，当施扰基站采用30kHz的子载波间隔时，其所侦 听的专用干扰检测参考信号的子载波间隔可能是15kHz、30kHz或60kHz。Consider the far-end interference problem. Since the 5G NR system allows multiple numerologies to exist in the network at the same time, the numerology of the dedicated interference detection reference signal sent by the victim base station may be different from that of the aggressor base station. For example, when the interfering base station adopts the sub-carrier spacing of 30 kHz, the sub-carrier spacing of the dedicated interference detection reference signal it listens to may be 15 kHz, 30 kHz or 60 kHz.
本地基站如何检测其他基站发来的具有不同numerology的参考信号，目 前尚无有效解决方案。There is no effective solution for how the local base station detects reference signals with different numerologies sent by other base stations.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种参考信号发送、接收方法及通信设备， 在发送端，可以使得不同numerology基站所发送的参考信号的时域波形保持 一致，在接收端，可以降低接收端检测参考信号时所需的处理复杂度。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a reference signal sending and receiving method and communication device. At the sending end, the time domain waveforms of reference signals sent by different numerology base stations can be kept consistent. The processing complexity required to detect the reference signal.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的实施例提供技术方案如下：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
一方面，提供一种参考信号发送方法，应用于第一通信设备，所述方法包 括：In one aspect, a method for sending a reference signal is provided, applied to a first communication device, and the method includes:
根据待发送的参考信号基本序列、第一通信设备的子载波间隔SCS以及 参考信号的参考子载波间隔，生成在每一天线端口上发送的参考信号；Generate a reference signal sent on each antenna port according to the basic sequence of the reference signal to be sent, the subcarrier spacing SCS of the first communication device, and the reference subcarrier spacing of the reference signal;
将生成的参考信号发送给第二通信设备，以便第二通信设备检测到所述参 考信号后，基于检测到的所述参考信号的接收功率，结合幅度缩放因子
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，根据以下公 式生成所述参考信号：When the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is generated according to the following formula:
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
梳齿间隔Q根据如下至少一种公式确定：The comb spacing Q is determined according to at least one of the following formulas:
Q＝SCSreferenceRS/SCSTRP，SCSTRP表示所述第一通信设备的SCS，SCSreferenceRS表 示参考信号的参考SCS，其中，
其中，
进一步地，所述幅度缩放因子
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，根据以下公 式生成所述参考信号：When the reference SCS of the reference signal is less than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is generated according to the following formula:
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
进一步地，further,
所述第一预设参数
进一步地，further,
所述第一预设参数
进一步地，further,
通过预先规定、操作管理维护OAM配置、基站间回程线路backhaul信令 指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少一种：At least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, operation management and maintenance OAM configuration, and backhaul signaling indication of backhaul lines between base stations:
发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号p；the antenna port number p for sending the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本序列
所述参考信号的参考SCS配置SCSreferenceRS；the reference SCS configuration SCS referenceRS of the reference signal;
所述第一预设参数
所述参考信号的频域起始位置
进一步地，further,
在时域上周期发送所述参考信号，且通过预先规定、OAM配置、基站间 backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少一种：The reference signal is periodically sent in the time domain, and at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul signaling indication:
所述参考信号的时域发送周期；the time domain transmission period of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的时域起始发送时刻；the time-domain start transmission moment of the reference signal within the time-domain transmission period;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的持续时长。The duration of the reference signal in the time domain transmission period.
进一步地，further,
在时域上根据预设次数重复发送所述参考信号，且通过预先规定、OAM 配置、基站间backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至 少一种：In the time domain, the reference signal is repeatedly sent according to a preset number of times, and at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method in pre-regulation, OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul signaling indication:
所述参考信号的时域起始发送时刻；the time domain start sending moment of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的单次持续时长；a single duration of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的重复发送次数；the number of times of repeated transmission of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在相邻2次传输之间的时域间隔。The time domain interval between the two adjacent transmissions of the reference signal.
进一步地，further,
所述时间单位按照如下至少一种方法指示：The time unit is indicated in at least one of the following ways:
绝对时长；absolute duration;
根据参考信号的参考SCS确定的正交频分复用符号OS符号数；The number of OFDM symbols OS symbols determined according to the reference SCS of the reference signal;
根据第一通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数；The number of OS symbols determined according to the SCS of the first communication device;
根据第二通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数。The number of OS symbols determined from the SCS of the second communication device.
本发明实施例还提供了一种参考信号发送方法，应用于第一通信设备，所 述方法包括：An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for sending a reference signal, which is applied to the first communication device, and the method includes:
生成参考信号，所述参考信号在时域上具有循环移位特征，且最小循环移 位周期为1/SCSreferenceRS，其中，SCSreferenceRS表示参考信号的参考SCS；generating a reference signal, the reference signal has a cyclic shift characteristic in the time domain, and the minimum cyclic shift period is 1/SCS referenceRS , where SCS referenceRS represents the reference SCS of the reference signal;
将生成的参考信号发送给第二通信设备。The generated reference signal is sent to the second communication device.
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，所述参考信 号循环移位周期为1/SCSTRP，其中，SCSTRP表示所述第一通信设备的子载波间隔SCS。When the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the cyclic shift period of the reference signal is 1/SCS TRP , where SCS TRP represents the subcarrier interval SCS of the first communication device.
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，所述参考信 号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个正交频分复用符号OS所组成的时间区间内所产生 的正交频分复用OFDM基带信号具有如下特性，即：When the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is in a time interval composed of consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OFDM symbols OS from l 1 to l 2 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM baseband signal generated within Has the following characteristics, namely:
其中，
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，所述参考信 号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产生的OFDM基带信号 为When the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is an OFDM baseband signal generated in a time interval consisting of consecutive l 2 -l 1 + 1 OS from l 1 to l 2 for
其中，
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，所述参考信 号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产生的OFDM基带信号 为When the reference SCS of the reference signal is less than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is an OFDM baseband signal generated in a time interval composed of consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 for
其中，
进一步地，further,
所述第一通信设备在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产 生的总的OFDM基带信号为The total OFDM baseband signal generated by the first communication device in the time interval composed of consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 is:
其中，为在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所述 第一通信设备所产生的总的OFDM基带信号；in, is the total OFDM baseband signal generated by the first communication device in the time interval formed by consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 ;
为在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内除所述参考 信号之外的其他信号所产生的OFDM基带信号； an OFDM baseband signal generated for other signals except the reference signal in the time interval formed by consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 ;
且and
其中，
其中，表示除所述参考信号之外的其他信号在第p个天线端口上的第(k,l)个资源元素资源格上的频域信号，所述
如果
进一步地，further,
通过预先规定、操作管理维护OAM配置、基站间回程线路backhaul信令 指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少一种：At least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, operation management and maintenance OAM configuration, and backhaul signaling indication of backhaul lines between base stations:
发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号p；the antenna port number p for sending the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本序列
所述参考信号的参考SCS配置SCSreferenceRS；the reference SCS configuration SCS referenceRS of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的频域起始位置 the starting position of the reference signal in the frequency domain
进一步地，further,
在时域上周期发送所述参考信号，且通过预先规定、OAM配置、基站间 backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少一种：The reference signal is periodically sent in the time domain, and at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul signaling indication:
所述参考信号的时域发送周期；the time domain transmission period of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的时域起始发送时刻；the time-domain start transmission moment of the reference signal within the time-domain transmission period;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的持续时长。The duration of the reference signal in the time domain transmission period.
进一步地，further,
在时域上根据预设次数重复发送所述参考信号，且通过预先规定、OAM 配置、基站间backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至 少一种：In the time domain, the reference signal is repeatedly sent according to a preset number of times, and at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method in pre-regulation, OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul signaling indication:
所述参考信号的时域起始发送时刻；the time domain start sending moment of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的单次持续时长；a single duration of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的重复发送次数；the number of times of repeated transmission of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在相邻2次传输之间的时域间隔。The time domain interval between the two adjacent transmissions of the reference signal.
进一步地，further,
所述时间单位按照如下至少一种方法指示：The time unit is indicated in at least one of the following ways:
绝对时长；absolute duration;
根据参考信号的参考SCS确定的正交频分复用符号OS符号数；The number of OFDM symbols OS symbols determined according to the reference SCS of the reference signal;
根据第一通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数；The number of OS symbols determined according to the SCS of the first communication device;
根据第二通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数。The number of OS symbols determined from the SCS of the second communication device.
本发明实施例还提供了一种参考信号接收方法，应用于第二通信设备，所 述方法包括：An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for receiving a reference signal, which is applied to a second communication device, and the method includes:
接收第一通信设备在频域上发送的参考信号；receiving a reference signal sent by the first communication device in the frequency domain;
根据接收到的参考信号获得所述参考信号的基本序列。The base sequence of the reference signal is obtained from the received reference signal.
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第二通信设备的SCS时，根据接收到 的参考信号
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，表示第二通信 设备在第p个天线端口的第k个子载波上的接收信号，
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第二通信设备的SCS时，根据接收到 的参考信号
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
进一步地，further,
通过预先规定、操作管理维护OAM配置、基站间回程线路backhaul信令 指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少一种：At least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, operation management and maintenance OAM configuration, and backhaul signaling indication of backhaul lines between base stations:
发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号p；the antenna port number p for sending the reference signal;
所述参考信号的参考SCS配置SCSreferenceRS；the reference SCS configuration SCS referenceRS of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的频域起始位置
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本序列
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的第一预设参数 the first preset parameter of the reference signal sent on the pth antenna port
本发明实施例还提供了一种第一通信设备，包括处理器和收发器，Embodiments of the present invention further provide a first communication device, including a processor and a transceiver,
所述处理器用于根据待发送的参考信号基本序列、第一通信设备的子载波 间隔SCS以及参考信号的参考子载波间隔，生成在每一天线端口上发送的参 考信号；The processor is configured to generate a reference signal sent on each antenna port according to the basic sequence of the reference signal to be sent, the subcarrier spacing SCS of the first communication device, and the reference subcarrier spacing of the reference signal;
所述收发器用于将生成的参考信号发送给第二通信设备。The transceiver is configured to transmit the generated reference signal to the second communication device.
进一步地，further,
所述处理器具体用于当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的 SCS时，根据以下公式生成所述参考信号：The processor is specifically configured to generate the reference signal according to the following formula when the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device:
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，表示在第p个 天线端口的第k个子载波上的发送信号，
梳齿间隔Q根据如下至少一种公式确定：The comb spacing Q is determined according to at least one of the following formulas:
Q＝SCSreferenceRS/SCSTRP，SCSTRP表示所述第一通信设备的SCS，SCSreferenceRS表 示参考信号的参考SCS，其中，
进一步地，所述幅度缩放因子
进一步地，further,
所述处理器具体用于当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第一通信设备的 SCS时，根据以下公式生成所述参考信号：The processor is specifically configured to generate the reference signal according to the following formula when the reference SCS of the reference signal is less than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device:
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
置，表示在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本 序列，MRS表示所述参考信号的基本序列的长度，
本发明实施例还提供了一种第一通信设备，包括处理器和收发器，Embodiments of the present invention further provide a first communication device, including a processor and a transceiver,
所述处理器用于生成参考信号，所述参考信号在时域上具有循环移位特征， 且最小循环移位周期为1/SCSreferenceRS，其中，SCSreferenceRS表示参考信号的参考SCS；The processor is configured to generate a reference signal, the reference signal has a cyclic shift characteristic in the time domain, and a minimum cyclic shift period is 1/SCS referenceRS , where SCS referenceRS represents a reference SCS of the reference signal;
所述收发器用于将生成的参考信号发送给第二通信设备。The transceiver is configured to transmit the generated reference signal to the second communication device.
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，所述参考信 号循环移位周期为1/SCSTRP，其中，SCSTRP表示所述第一通信设备的子载波间隔 SCS。When the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the cyclic shift period of the reference signal is 1/SCS TRP , where SCS TRP represents the subcarrier interval SCS of the first communication device.
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，所述参考信 号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个正交频分复用符号OS所组成的时间区间内所产生 的正交频分复用OFDM基带信号
其中，
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，所述参考信 号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产生的OFDM基带信号 为When the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is an OFDM baseband signal generated in a time interval consisting of consecutive l 2 -l 1 + 1 OS from l 1 to l 2 for
其中，
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，所述参考信 号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产生的OFDM基带信号 为When the reference SCS of the reference signal is less than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is an OFDM baseband signal generated in a time interval composed of consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 for
其中，
进一步地，further,
所述处理器在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产生的总 的OFDM基带信号为The total OFDM baseband signal generated by the processor in the time interval composed of consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 is:
其中，
且and
其中，表示在第l个OS上的除所述参考信号之外的其他信号所产 生的OFDM基带信号，且in, represents the OFDM baseband signal generated by signals other than the reference signal on the 1 th OS, and
其中，
本发明实施例还提供了一种第二通信设备，包括处理器和收发器，The embodiment of the present invention further provides a second communication device, including a processor and a transceiver,
所述收发器用于接收第一通信设备在频域上发送的参考信号；The transceiver is configured to receive a reference signal sent by the first communication device in the frequency domain;
所述处理器用于根据接收到的参考信号获得所述参考信号的基本序列。The processor is configured to obtain the basic sequence of the reference signal according to the received reference signal.
进一步地，further,
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第二通信设备的SCS时，所述处理器 根据接收到的参考信号
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，表示第二通信 设备在第p个天线端口的第k个子载波上的接收信号，
本发明实施例还提供了一种通信设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在所述 存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序；所述处理器执行所述程序时 实现如上所述的参考信号发送方法或实现如上所述的参考信号接收方法。An embodiment of the present invention also provides a communication device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor; the processor implements the above when executing the program The reference signal transmission method or the reference signal reception method as described above is implemented.
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序， 其特征在于，该程序被处理器执行时实现如上所述的参考信号发送方法中的步 骤或实现如上所述的参考信号接收方法中的步骤。Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that, when the program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method for sending a reference signal are implemented or the above-mentioned method is implemented. The steps in the reference signal receiving method.
本发明的实施例具有以下有益效果：Embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
上述方案中，在发送端的通信设备，通过为不同numerology基站设计不 同的参考信号频域结构，允许5G NR基站能够基于自身的numerology发送专 用参考信号，且可以使得不同numerology基站所发送的专用参考信号的时域 波形保持一致；在接收端，允许复用UL频域接收数据(即通过FFT变换之后 的UL接收数据)，且可以通过简单的频域处理，正确还原出专用参考信号的 频域序列，以降低接收端检测专用参考信号时所需的处理复杂度。In the above solution, by designing different reference signal frequency domain structures for different numerology base stations, the communication device at the transmitting end allows the 5G NR base station to send dedicated reference signals based on its own numerology, and enables the dedicated reference signals sent by different numerology base stations. The time-domain waveforms are consistent; at the receiving end, it is allowed to multiplex the UL frequency-domain received data (that is, the UL received data after FFT transformation), and the frequency-domain sequence of the dedicated reference signal can be correctly restored through simple frequency-domain processing. , so as to reduce the processing complexity required when the receiving end detects the dedicated reference signal.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1a为网络拓扑示意图；Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of a network topology;
图1b为干扰特性示意图；Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of interference characteristics;
图2为基于集中管理器的远端干扰管理机制示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a remote interference management mechanism based on a centralized manager;
图3为第三参考信号的时域收、发位置示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a time domain receiving and transmitting position of a third reference signal;
图4为第三参考信号的空间传播特性示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a spatial propagation characteristic of a third reference signal;
图5a为第三参考信号发射过程示意图；5a is a schematic diagram of a third reference signal transmission process;
图5b为第三参考信号CP结构示意图；5b is a schematic structural diagram of a third reference signal CP;
图5c为第三参考信号接收过程示意图；5c is a schematic diagram of a third reference signal receiving process;
图6为IFFT输出结果x(n)的能量峰值分布特性示意图；Fig. 6 is the energy peak distribution characteristic schematic diagram of IFFT output result x(n);
图7为15kHz、30kHz和60kHz的子载波间隔所对应的信号时域关系示意 图；Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the signal time domain relationship corresponding to the subcarrier spacing of 15kHz, 30kHz and 60kHz;
图8和图9为本发明实施例应用于第一通信设备的参考信号发送方法的流 程示意图；8 and 9 are schematic flowcharts of a reference signal sending method applied to a first communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图10为本发明实施例应用于第二通信设备的参考信号接收方法的流程示 意图；10 is a schematic flowchart of a reference signal receiving method applied to a second communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图11为本发明实施例第一通信设备的结构框图；11 is a structural block diagram of a first communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图12为本发明实施例第二通信设备的结构框图FIG. 12 is a structural block diagram of a second communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention
图13a-图13c为本发明实施例参考信号频域特性示意图；13a-13c are schematic diagrams of frequency domain characteristics of reference signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图14为本发明实施例参考信号时域特性示意图。FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a time domain characteristic of a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的实施例要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面 将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention clearer, detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
在TDD系统(至少包括TD-LTE(Time Division Long Term Evolution，分 时长期演进)系统、和NR(New Radio，新空口)系统)中，由于上、下行同 频，因此如果其他基站的DL(downlink，下行链路)信号经过空间传播到达 本地基站的UL(upLink，上行链路)信号接收窗口内时仍然有较强的接收功 率，则其他基站的DL信号将会对本地基站的UL数据接收造成较强干扰，即 存在较强的交叉链路干扰。其中，干扰基站可能来自于本地基站的近端相邻基 站，也可能来自于远端基站。如图1a所示为网络拓扑示意图，可以看出，当 DL信号传播衰减大时，eNB(Evolved Node B,基站)3不干扰eNB1，且当 DL信号落在GP(guardperiod，保护时隙)中时，eNB2不干扰eNB1。图1b为干扰特性示意图。In a TDD system (including at least a TD-LTE (Time Division Long Term Evolution) system and an NR (New Radio, new air interface) system), since the uplink and downlink are on the same frequency, if the DL ( When the downlink (downlink) signal propagates through space and reaches the UL (upLink, uplink) signal receiving window of the local base station, it still has strong received power, then the DL signals of other base stations will receive the UL data of the local base station. If strong interference is caused, there is strong cross-link interference. Among them, the interfering base station may come from the near-end adjacent base station of the local base station, or may come from the remote base station. Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of the network topology. It can be seen that when the DL signal propagation attenuation is large, eNB (Evolved Node B, base station) 3 does not interfere with eNB1, and when the DL signal falls in the GP (guard period, guard time slot) , eNB2 does not interfere with eNB1. Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the interference characteristics.
当TDD网络中所有基站采用相同的帧结构配置，并且保持时频同步时， 交叉链路干扰问题一般并不严重。When all base stations in the TDD network use the same frame structure configuration and keep time-frequency synchronization, the problem of cross-link interference is generally not serious.
如图1a和图1b所示，考虑近端相邻基站eNB2和远端基站eNB3对本地 基站eNB1的交叉链路干扰情况。As shown in Figures 1a and 1b, consider the cross-link interference of the near-end neighboring base station eNB2 and the far-end base station eNB3 to the local base station eNB1.
首先考虑近端相邻基站对本地基站的交叉链路干扰问题(即eNB2DL干扰eNB1UL)。由于运营商在部署TDD网络时，会确保上下行转换GP大于 ISD(inter sitedistance，站间距)，使得近端相邻基站的DL信号经过空间传播 后落在本地基站的GP内，因此近端相邻基站的DL信号一般不会对本地基站 的UL数据接收造成干扰。First, consider the problem of cross-link interference between the near-end neighboring base stations and the local base station (ie, eNB2DL interferes with eNB1UL). When the operator deploys the TDD network, it will ensure that the GP of the uplink and downlink conversion is greater than the ISD (inter site distance, site distance), so that the DL signal of the near-end adjacent base station will fall within the GP of the local base station after spatial propagation. The DL signal of the neighboring base station generally does not cause interference to the UL data reception of the local base station.
再考虑远端基站对本地基站的交叉链路干扰问题(即eNB3DL干扰eNB1 UL)。虽然远端基站(如eNB3)的DL信号经过空间传播后有可能落在本地基站 (如eNB1)的UL信号接收窗口内，但是由于在正常的气候环境中，信号接收功 率随着路程传播距离增加而快速衰减，因此落在本地基站在UL信号接收窗口 内的远端基站DL信号的接收功率通常非常弱，其干扰能量一般可以忽略，因 此远端基站的DL信号一般也不会对本地基站的UL数据接收造成干扰。Then consider the problem of cross-link interference between the remote base station and the local base station (ie, eNB3 DL interferes with eNB1 UL). Although the DL signal of the remote base station (such as eNB3) may fall within the UL signal receiving window of the local base station (such as eNB1) after spatial propagation, the received signal power increases with the propagation distance in a normal weather environment. The DL signal of the remote base station falls within the UL signal receiving window of the local base station, and the received power is usually very weak, and its interference energy can generally be ignored. Therefore, the DL signal of the remote base station generally does not affect the local base station's DL signal. UL data reception causes interference.
然而，在一些特殊的气候环境下(如大气波导)，远端基站的DL信号有可 能对本地基站的UL数据接收造成较强干扰。所述大气波导是一种由于对流层 中存在逆温或水汽随高度急剧变小的层次，在该层中电波形成超折射传播，大 部分电波辐射被限制在这一层内传播的现象。大气波导发生时，远端基站的 DL信号经数十或数百公里的超远距离传输后仍具有较高能量。由于距离较远， 因此远端基站的DL信号经过空间传播后会落在本地基站的UL信号接收窗口 内；且由于大气波导现象，使得远端基站的DL信号经过远距离传播后其信号 功率还很强，因此当存在大气波导现象时，远端基站的DL信号将会对本地基 站的UL数据接收造成较强干扰。However, in some special climatic environments (such as atmospheric waveguides), the DL signal of the remote base station may cause strong interference to the UL data reception of the local base station. The atmospheric duct is a phenomenon in which most of the radio wave radiation is confined in this layer due to the existence of a layer in the troposphere where the temperature inversion or the water vapor decreases sharply with height, and the radio wave forms super-refractive propagation in this layer. When atmospheric ducting occurs, the DL signal of the remote base station still has high energy after being transmitted over a long distance of tens or hundreds of kilometers. Due to the long distance, the DL signal of the remote base station will fall within the UL signal receiving window of the local base station after being propagated in space; and due to the atmospheric waveguide phenomenon, the signal power of the DL signal of the remote base station will remain unchanged after long-distance propagation. Therefore, when there is an atmospheric duct phenomenon, the DL signal of the remote base station will cause strong interference to the UL data reception of the local base station.
TD-LTE现网中发现，江苏、安徽、海南、河南等多省TD-LTE大面积上 行受扰，上行IOT抬升可达25dB，RRC(Radio Resource Control，无线资源 控制)连接建立成功率等KPI(Key Performance Indicator，关键绩效)指标恶 化严重。受扰小区以农村F频段为主，干扰时间主要集中在0:00-8:00；春秋 季节容易出现干扰，受影响基站数几百到几万不等。In the current TD-LTE network, it was found that TD-LTE in Jiangsu, Anhui, Hainan, Henan and other provinces suffered from large-scale uplink interference, and the uplink IOT increased by up to 25dB. RRC (Radio Resource Control, Radio Resource Control) connection establishment success rate and other KPIs (Key Performance Indicator, key performance) indicators deteriorated severely. The affected cells are mainly in the rural F-band, and the interference time is mainly concentrated in 0:00-8:00; interference is easy to occur in spring and autumn, and the number of affected base stations ranges from hundreds to tens of thousands.
应对远端基站干扰问题的一般思路如下：The general idea of dealing with the interference of remote base stations is as follows:
Step 1:定位施扰基站(即干扰源)；Step 1: Locate the interfering base station (ie, the source of interference);
Step 2:对定位出来的施扰基站执行干扰回退操作，如减少施扰基站的下 行时隙，以降低其DL信号对其他基站UL数据接收的干扰。Step 2: Perform an interference fallback operation on the located interferer base station, such as reducing the downlink time slot of the interferer base station, so as to reduce the interference of its DL signal to the UL data reception of other base stations.
为了定位施扰基站，一种直观的解决方案是：让施扰基站发送能够区分不 同基站的专用干扰检测参考信号(记为第一参考信号)。这样，受扰基站通过 检测施扰基站所发送的第一参考信号，就能够判断出谁是自己的干扰源了。In order to locate the interfering base station, an intuitive solution is to let the interfering base station send a dedicated interference detection reference signal (referred to as the first reference signal) that can distinguish different base stations. In this way, the interfered base station can determine who is its own interference source by detecting the first reference signal sent by the interfering base station.
但是，需要注意到，上述第一参考信号仅用于基站间发现远端干扰现象， 因此对收、发基站正常的数据传输而言，第一参考信号都是无用信号，属于网 络信令开销。However, it should be noted that the above-mentioned first reference signal is only used to detect remote interference between base stations. Therefore, for the normal data transmission of the receiving and transmitting base stations, the first reference signal is a useless signal and belongs to the network signaling overhead.
考虑到远端干扰现象通常是由大气波导现象引起的，而大气波导现象并非 经常发生的，因此为了抑制偶然发生的远端干扰问题，而让网络消耗大量资源 经常性的收、发专用参考信号，这种设计方案对整个网络而言是低效的。Considering that the phenomenon of remote interference is usually caused by the phenomenon of atmospheric ducting, and the phenomenon of atmospheric ducting does not occur frequently, in order to suppress the occasional remote interference problem, the network consumes a lot of resources to frequently receive and send dedicated reference signals. , this design is inefficient for the entire network.
针对上述问题，现网中转而采用另外一种技术方案，即让受扰基站确定受 到潜在的远端干扰影响后，才发送能够区分不同基站的专用干扰检测参考信号 (记为第二参考信号)。因此，第二参考信号的发送是有条件的，即只有当受 扰基站猜测自己受到了远端干扰影响后，才发送第二参考信号。由于将经常性 的发送行为改成了触发性的发送行为，因此当远端干扰现象并非频繁发生时， 所述方案有望显著降低发送第二参考信号所需要的网络资源开销。In view of the above problems, another technical solution is adopted in the existing network, that is, after the affected base station is determined to be affected by potential remote interference, it sends a dedicated interference detection reference signal (referred to as the second reference signal) that can distinguish different base stations. . Therefore, the sending of the second reference signal is conditional, that is, the second reference signal is sent only when the disturbed base station guesses that it is affected by the far-end interference. Since the regular sending behavior is changed to the triggered sending behavior, the solution is expected to significantly reduce the network resource overhead required for sending the second reference signal when the remote interference phenomenon does not occur frequently.
注意到上述方案能够工作的潜在前提假设是：受扰基站和施扰基站的信道 存在互易性。即当受扰基站和施扰基站采用相同的帧结构时，施扰基站到受扰 基站的信道衰减特性和受扰基站到施扰基站的信道衰减特性是一致的，因此， 当受扰基站发送第二参考信号时，施扰基站也能够检测出来。Note that a potential premise for the above scheme to work is that the channels of the victim and aggressor base stations are reciprocal. That is, when the disturbed base station and the disturbing base station use the same frame structure, the channel attenuation characteristics from the disturbing base station to the disturbed base station are consistent with the channel attenuation characteristics from the disturbed base station to the disturbing base station. When the second reference signal is used, the interfering base station can also detect it.
总结一下，上述方案特点是：受扰基站发送第二参考信号，施扰基站检测 第二参考信号，进而判断自己潜在干扰到了谁。施扰基站可进一步实施干扰回 退操作，如减少施扰基站的下行时隙，以降低其DL信号对其他基站UL数据 接收的干扰。To sum up, the features of the above solution are: the victim base station sends a second reference signal, and the aggressor base station detects the second reference signal, and then judges who it potentially interferes with. The interfering base station may further perform an interference back-off operation, such as reducing downlink time slots of the interfering base station, so as to reduce the interference of its DL signal to the UL data reception of other base stations.
图2给出了一种基于集中管理器的远端干扰管理机制示意图，其中，图中 将集中管理器称作广域SON。其核心流程包括：Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a remote interference management mechanism based on a centralized manager, wherein the centralized manager is called a wide area SON in the figure. Its core processes include:
受扰基站(记为基站V)猜测受到远端干扰→受扰基站发送专用探测参考 信号→施扰基站(记为基站A)侦听专用探测参考信号，并判断自己是否为干 扰源→施扰站执行干扰回退操作。The disturbed base station (referred to as base station V) guesses that it is interfered by the far-end → the disturbed base station sends a dedicated sounding reference signal → the aggressor base station (referred to as base station A) listens to the dedicated sounding reference signal and judges whether it is an interference source → disturbing The station performs an interference fallback operation.
注意到图2并非代表唯一的实现方式。当网络中不存在集中管理器时，上 述核心流程也能工作。只是当采用了集中管理器，上述核心流程的工作效率可 以有所提高。Note that Figure 2 does not represent the only implementation. The core process described above also works when no centralized manager exists in the network. Only when a centralized manager is used, the efficiency of the above-mentioned core processes can be improved.
LTE网络中专用于探测远端基站干扰的参考信号(记为第三参考信号)结 构如图3所示，图3为第三参考信号的时域收、发位置示意图。当TD-LTE网 络采用9:3:2特殊子帧配置时，受扰基站选择在子帧1的DwPTS中的最后2 个OS(对应于#7-#8号OS)中发送第三参考信号。The structure of the reference signal (denoted as the third reference signal) dedicated to detecting the interference of the remote base station in the LTE network is shown in Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the receiving and sending positions of the third reference signal in the time domain. When the TD-LTE network adopts the 9:3:2 special subframe configuration, the disturbed base station selects the last 2 OSs (corresponding to OS #7-#8) in the DwPTS of subframe 1 to send the third reference signal .
而施扰基站则在每个无线帧内的UpPTS和子帧2中共16个OS(对应于特 殊子帧的#12-#13号OS，加上子帧2的所有OS)上侦听第三参考信号。The disturbing base station, on the other hand, listens for the third reference on the UpPTS and subframe 2 in each radio frame with a total of 16 OSs (corresponding to the #12-#13 OS in the special subframe, plus all the OSs in subframe 2). Signal.
图4为第三参考信号的空间传播特性示意图。如图4所示，通过远距传播 后，施扰基站接收到的第三参考信号与本地OFDM符号(简记为OS:OFDM symbol)的起始边界一般而言并不对齐。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of spatial propagation characteristics of a third reference signal. As shown in FIG. 4 , after long-distance propagation, the third reference signal received by the disturbing base station is generally not aligned with the starting boundary of the local OFDM symbol (abbreviated as OS: OFDM symbol).
图5a为第三参考信号发射过程，图5b为第三参考信号CP结构，图5c为第三参考信号接收过程。可见，主要接收处理模块包括：(时域接收信 号)→FFT→(频域接收信号)→与本地频域复现信号共轭相乘→IFFT→(时域相 关峰)→相关峰检测。显然，第三参考信号接收处理复杂度主要来自于：FFT 和IFFT操作。FIG. 5a shows the third reference signal transmission process, FIG. 5b shows the third reference signal CP structure, and FIG. 5c shows the third reference signal reception process. It can be seen that the main receiving and processing modules include: (received signal in time domain) → FFT → (received signal in frequency domain) → conjugate multiplication with local frequency domain recurring signal → IFFT → (correlation peak in time domain) → correlation peak detection. Obviously, the complexity of receiving and processing the third reference signal mainly comes from: FFT and IFFT operations.
考虑到正常UL数据接收的第一步操作也包括FFT处理，因此为了降低第 三参考信号接收处理复杂度，一种优化处理方案为：复用正常UL数据接收的 FFT操作，即图5c中除FFT处理模块之外的所有其他模块都是为接收第三参 考信号而专门设计的专用模块。Considering that the first step of normal UL data reception also includes FFT processing, in order to reduce the complexity of the third reference signal reception processing, an optimized processing scheme is: multiplexing the FFT operation of normal UL data reception, that is, dividing the All other modules except the FFT processing module are dedicated modules specially designed for receiving the third reference signal.
注意到UL OS的时域长度＝FFT点数+CP点数。为了能够复用正常UL数 据接收的FFT操作，需要在由施扰基站的UL OS的FFT点数所组成的接收时 间窗口内包括第三参考信号特征序列的时域FFT信号的一个完整的循环移位 版本。因此，为了解决图4所示的空间传播特性导致的信号边界不对齐问题， 需要第三参考信号的时域序列在相邻两个符号上保持相位连续性。Note that the time domain length of the UL OS=FFT points+CP points. In order to be able to multiplex the FFT operation of normal UL data reception, it is necessary to include a complete cyclic shift of the time domain FFT signal of the third reference signal characteristic sequence within the reception time window composed of the FFT points of the UL OS of the interfering base station Version. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of unaligned signal boundaries caused by the spatial propagation characteristics shown in FIG. 4 , it is required that the time-domain sequence of the third reference signal maintains phase continuity on two adjacent symbols.
为此，现有技术采用图5b所示第三参考信号CP结构，即第三参考信号 采用相邻2个OS，且2个符号的CP位置不同，其中，第1个OS的CP放在 前面，而第2个OS上的CP放在后面。则第三参考信号的时域序列在相邻两 个符号上保持相位连续性，即从第三参考信号中间的任意时刻起始，截取一个 具有FFT点数长度的时间接收窗口，都能获得第三参考信号特征序列的时域 FFT信号的一个完整的循环移位版本。To this end, the prior art adopts the third reference signal CP structure shown in FIG. 5b, that is, the third reference signal adopts two adjacent OSs, and the CP positions of the two symbols are different, wherein the CP of the first OS is placed in the front , while the CP on the 2nd OS is placed behind. Then the time-domain sequence of the third reference signal maintains phase continuity on two adjacent symbols, that is, starting from any moment in the middle of the third reference signal, intercepting a time receiving window with the length of FFT points can obtain the third reference signal. A complete cyclic-shifted version of the time-domain FFT signal of the reference signal signature sequence.
图5c为进一步给出了第三参考信号接收过程的数学原理。下面予以简单 介绍。FIG. 5c further presents the mathematical principle of the third reference signal receiving process. A brief introduction is given below.
不妨将第三参考信号的频域序列记为S(k)，0≤k≤NFFT-1，其中NFFT表示 FFT点数。则可将其时域变化序列s(n)，0≤n≤NFFT-1写作：The frequency domain sequence of the third reference signal may be denoted as S(k), 0≤k≤N FFT -1, where N FFT represents the number of FFT points. Then its time domain change sequence s(n), 0≤n≤N FFT -1 can be written as:
将多径信道h(t)建模为The multipath channel h(t) is modeled as
其中，γi代表第i条多径上的功率衰减系数，τi代表第i条多径上的延时， δ(·)为dirac delta函数。Among them, γ i represents the power attenuation coefficient on the ith multipath, τ i represents the delay on the ith multipath, and δ(·) is the dirac delta function.
则可以将受扰基站的时域接收信号表示为
受扰基站在一个具有FFT点数长度的时域接收窗口内对接收到的信号 r(t)采样，并且对采样点做FFT变换。考虑到如下变换关系，The disturbed base station samples the received signal r(t) in a time domain receiving window with the length of FFT points, and performs FFT transformation on the sample points. Considering the following transformation relationship,
记remember
则可将FFT变换后的频域信号R(k)，0≤k≤NFFT-1表示为：Then the frequency domain signal R(k) after FFT transformation, 0≤k≤N FFT -1 can be expressed as:
其中，f0表示施扰基站的子载波间隔。Among them, f 0 represents the subcarrier spacing of the interfering base station.
施扰基站在本地复现第三参考信号的频域序列S(k)，并且将其与频域接收 信号共轭点乘，获得频域乘积信号X(k)为：The perturbing base station reproduces the frequency domain sequence S(k) of the third reference signal locally, and multiplies it with the frequency domain received signal conjugate point to obtain the frequency domain product signal X(k) as:
注意到频域信号X(k)为多径信号的频域变换，表现形式为频域选择性衰 落，因此简单的将集合{X(k)}k中的所有元素累加并不能输出有价值的结果。 为了检测是否存在第三参考信号，还需要对X(k)做IFFT操作，其输出结果x(n) 则为多径信号的冲激函数，即：Note that the frequency domain signal X(k) is the frequency domain transform of the multipath signal, which is expressed in the form of frequency domain selective fading, so simply accumulating all elements in the set {X(k)} k cannot output valuable result. In order to detect whether there is a third reference signal, it is also necessary to perform IFFT operation on X(k), and the output result x(n) is the impulse function of the multipath signal, namely:
显然，如果施扰基站的接收信号中包括第三参考信号，则经过如图5所示 的接收过程后，IFFT输出结果x(n)中包括多径信号的冲激函数，因此通过能 量峰值搜索操作可以判断是否存在第三参考信号，以及获得至少一条多径传播 路径的接收信号能量P|γi|2、及传播延时τi信息。Obviously, if the received signal of the interfering base station includes the third reference signal, after the receiving process shown in Figure 5, the IFFT output result x(n) includes the impulse function of the multipath signal, so the energy peak search The operation can determine whether there is a third reference signal, and obtain the received signal energy P|γ i | 2 and propagation delay τ i information of at least one multipath propagation path.
图6为IFFT输出结果x(n)的能量峰值分布特性示意图。如图6所示，x(n) 序列会出现多个能量峰值，其中，每个能量峰值对应于一条多径信息。不妨设 第i个能量峰值在序列{x(n)}n中的时域位置为
和4G LTE系统类似，5G NR系统也可能采用TDD和FDD两种频段使用 方式。当5G NR基站也采用TDD工作方式时，5G NR基站同样可能遭受到远 端基站干扰影响，即远端基站的DL信号可能会对本地基站的UL数据接收造 成较强干扰。因此，5G NR网络也需要解决远端基站干扰问题。Similar to the 4G LTE system, the 5G NR system may also use two frequency bands, TDD and FDD. When the 5G NR base station also adopts the TDD working mode, the 5G NR base station may also be affected by the interference of the remote base station, that is, the DL signal of the remote base station may cause strong interference to the UL data reception of the local base station. Therefore, 5G NR networks also need to solve the problem of remote base station interference.
不同于4G LTE系统，针对不同的应用场景，5G NR系统同时设计了多种 参数配置(numerology)，且不同numerology的SCS(subcarrier space，子载波间 隔)不同，相应的CP(循环前缀)长度也不同。一般而言，子载波间隔越大，OFDM 符号的时域长度越短，对应的CP长度也越短，所能容忍的多径时延扩展范围 也就相应减小。Different from the 4G LTE system, for different application scenarios, the 5G NR system designs a variety of parameter configurations (numerology) at the same time, and the SCS (subcarrier space, subcarrier spacing) of different numerology is different, and the corresponding CP (Cyclic Prefix) length is also different. Generally speaking, the larger the subcarrier spacing is, the shorter the time domain length of the OFDM symbol is, and the shorter the corresponding CP length is, and the tolerable multipath delay extension range is correspondingly reduced.
图7从上到下依次展示了15kHz、30kHz和60kHz子载波间隔所对应的信 号时域关系示意图。Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the signal time domain relationship corresponding to the subcarrier spacing of 15kHz, 30kHz and 60kHz from top to bottom.
5G NR通过系统设计保证不同numerology的OS边界对齐。如图7所示， 每个15kHzOS包括2个30kHzOS和4个60kHz OS，且三者OS边界对齐。5G NR ensures that the OS boundaries of different numerologies are aligned through system design. As shown in FIG. 7 , each 15kHz OS includes two 30kHz OSs and four 60kHz OSs, and the boundaries of the three OSs are aligned.
注意到在LTE系统中每个slot(ms)的第一个OS的CP较长，为了使得5G NR系统中15kHz numerology的CP结构和LTE系统保持一致，5G NR通过系 统设计使得针对所有的numerology，每隔0.5ms的第一个OS长度也比其他 OS的CP长。Note that the CP of the first OS of each slot (ms) in the LTE system is relatively long. In order to keep the CP structure of the 15kHz numerology in the 5G NR system consistent with that of the LTE system, the 5G NR system is designed so that for all numerology, The length of the first OS every 0.5ms is also longer than the CP of other OSs.
更进一步的，5G NR系统允许网络中同时存在多种numerology。例如， 对于一般城市覆盖，5G基站可能采用30kHz子载波间隔，以便容忍更大的多 径时延扩展；而对于高铁沿线基站，则有可能采用60kHz子载波间隔，以便 支持更大的终端移动速度。那么，5G NR网络中将会存在30kHz和60kHz子 载波间隔共存的情况。Further, the 5G NR system allows multiple numerologies to exist simultaneously in the network. For example, for general urban coverage, 5G base stations may use 30kHz subcarrier spacing to tolerate greater multipath delay spread; while for base stations along high-speed rail lines, 60kHz subcarrier spacing may be used to support greater terminal movement speeds . Then, there will be coexistence of 30kHz and 60kHz subcarrier spacing in the 5G NR network.
考虑远端干扰问题。由于5G NR系统允许网络中同时存在多种numerology， 那么受扰基站所发送的专用干扰检测参考信号的numerology可能和施扰基站 的numerology不同。例如，当施扰基站采用30kHz的子载波间隔时，其所侦 听的专用干扰检测参考信号的子载波间隔可能是15kHz、30kHz或60kHz。Consider the far-end interference problem. Since the 5G NR system allows multiple numerologies to exist in the network at the same time, the numerology of the dedicated interference detection reference signal sent by the victim base station may be different from that of the aggressor base station. For example, when the interfering base station adopts the sub-carrier spacing of 30 kHz, the sub-carrier spacing of the dedicated interference detection reference signal it listens to may be 15 kHz, 30 kHz or 60 kHz.
本地基站如何检测其他基站发来的具有不同numerology的参考信号，目 前尚无有效解决方案。There is no effective solution for how the local base station detects reference signals with different numerologies sent by other base stations.
一种直观的解决方案是：针对所述专用于基站间通信的参考信号，网络中 所有基站约定相同numerology。网络中所有基站根据相同的numerology，发 送和接收所述专用参考信号，而所述专用参考信号的numerology可能与本地 基站的正常数据接收所使用的numerology不同。An intuitive solution is: for the reference signal dedicated to communication between base stations, all base stations in the network agree on the same numerology. All base stations in the network transmit and receive the dedicated reference signal according to the same numerology, and the numerology of the dedicated reference signal may be different from the numerology used by the local base station for normal data reception.
注意到基站侧的接收信号采样率由接收信号带宽决定。例如，在LTE系 统中，当系统带宽(亦即最大信号带宽)为20MHz时，基站所采用的采样率为 30.72MHz。Note that the sampling rate of the received signal on the base station side is determined by the bandwidth of the received signal. For example, in the LTE system, when the system bandwidth (that is, the maximum signal bandwidth) is 20MHz, the sampling rate used by the base station is 30.72MHz.
Numerology变化不会影响采样率，只会影响FFT变换的点数。不妨设系 统带宽保持为20MHz。Numerology changes do not affect the sample rate, only the number of points for the FFT transform. Might as well set the system bandwidth to 20MHz.
当采用15kHz的SCS时，所对应的OFDM符号长度(s)为＝1/15kHz，
同理，当采用30kHz的SCS时，所对应的OFDM符号长度(s)为＝1/30kHz，
同理，当采用60kHz的SCS时，所对应的OFDM符号长度(s)为＝1/60kHz，
如图5所示，所述专用参考信号的接收可能至少包括FFT和IFFT两步操 作。如果所述专用参考信号的numerology与本地基站的正常数据接收所使用 的numerology不同，那么在图5所示的流程中，由于不同numerology对应于 不同的FFT变换点数，因此同一套FFT电路输出结果就不能同时用于UL数 据接收和专用参考信号检测了。这时，在基站侧接收机中，需要针对所述专用 参考信号的numerology，专门设计一条新的FFT算法模块，或者需要和数据 分时使用FFT模块。总之，与图5所示的基于UL频域接收数据复用的参考信 号检测流程相比，上述为具有约定numerology的专用参考信号设计专用接收 电路的直观解决方案将显著增加接收机算法复杂度。As shown in Fig. 5, the reception of the dedicated reference signal may include at least two operations of FFT and IFFT. If the numerology of the dedicated reference signal is different from the numerology used by the local base station for normal data reception, in the process shown in FIG. 5, since different numerologies correspond to different FFT transform points, the output result of the same set of FFT circuits is Can not be used for UL data reception and dedicated reference signal detection at the same time. At this time, in the base station side receiver, a new FFT algorithm module needs to be specially designed for the numerology of the dedicated reference signal, or the FFT module needs to be used in time division with the data. In conclusion, compared with the reference signal detection flow based on UL frequency-domain received data multiplexing shown in Figure 5, the above-mentioned intuitive solution of designing a dedicated receiving circuit for a dedicated reference signal with an agreed numerology will significantly increase the receiver algorithm complexity.
本发明实施例提供一种参考信号发送、接收方法及通信设备，在发送端， 可以使得不同numerology基站所发送的参考信号的时域波形保持一致，在接 收端，可以降低接收端检测参考信号时所需的处理复杂度。Embodiments of the present invention provide a reference signal sending and receiving method and communication device. At the sending end, the time domain waveforms of reference signals sent by different numerology base stations can be kept consistent, and at the receiving end, the time when the receiving end detects the reference signal can be reduced. The required processing complexity.
本发明实施例提供一种参考信号发送方法，应用于第一通信设备，如图8所示，所述方法包括：An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for sending a reference signal, which is applied to a first communication device. As shown in FIG. 8 , the method includes:
步骤101：根据待发送的参考信号基本序列、第一通信设备的子载波间隔 SCS以及参考信号的参考子载波间隔，生成在每一天线端口上发送的参考信号；Step 101: Generate a reference signal sent on each antenna port according to the basic sequence of the reference signal to be sent, the subcarrier spacing SCS of the first communication device, and the reference subcarrier spacing of the reference signal;
步骤102：将生成的参考信号发送给第二通信设备，以便第二通信设备检 测到所述参考信号后，基于检测到的所述参考信号的接收功率，结合幅度缩放 因子
本实施例中，在发送端的通信设备，通过为不同numerology基站设计不 同的参考信号频域结构，允许5GNR基站能够基于自身的numerology发送专 用参考信号，且可以使得不同numerology基站所发送的专用参考信号的时域 波形保持一致；在接收端，允许复用UL频域接收数据(即通过FFT变换之后 的UL接收数据)，且可以通过简单的频域处理，正确还原出专用参考信号的 频域序列，以降低接收端检测专用参考信号时所需的处理复杂度。In this embodiment, by designing different reference signal frequency domain structures for different numerology base stations, the communication device at the transmitting end allows the 5GNR base station to send dedicated reference signals based on its own numerology, and enables the dedicated reference signals sent by different numerology base stations. The time-domain waveforms are consistent; at the receiving end, it is allowed to multiplex the UL frequency-domain received data (that is, the UL received data after FFT transformation), and the frequency-domain sequence of the dedicated reference signal can be correctly restored through simple frequency-domain processing. , so as to reduce the processing complexity required when the receiving end detects the dedicated reference signal.
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，根据以下公 式生成所述参考信号：When the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is generated according to the following formula:
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
Q根据如下至少一种公式确定：Q is determined according to at least one of the following formulas:
Q＝SCSreferenceRS/SCSTRP，SCSTRP表示所述第一通信设备的SCS，SCSreferenceRS表 示参考信号的参考SCS，其中，
当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，根据以下公 式生成所述参考信号：When the reference SCS of the reference signal is less than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is generated according to the following formula:
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
进一步地，所述第一预设参数
进一步地，所述第一预设参数
进一步地，通过预先规定、操作管理维护OAM配置、基站间回程线路 backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少一种：Further, at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, operation management and maintenance OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul line backhaul signaling indication:
发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号p；the antenna port number p for sending the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本序列 the basic sequence of the reference signal sent on the pth antenna port
所述参考信号的参考SCS配置SCSreferenceRS；the reference SCS configuration SCS referenceRS of the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的第一预设参数
所述参考信号的频域起始位置 the starting position of the reference signal in the frequency domain
进一步地，在时域上周期发送所述参考信号，且通过预先规定、OAM配 置、基站间backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少 一种：Further, the reference signal is periodically sent in the time domain, and at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method in pre-regulation, OAM configuration, and backhaul signaling between base stations:
所述参考信号的时域发送周期；the time domain transmission period of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的时域起始发送时刻；the time-domain start transmission moment of the reference signal within the time-domain transmission period;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的持续时长。The duration of the reference signal in the time domain transmission period.
进一步地，在时域上根据预设次数重复发送所述参考信号，且通过预先规 定、OAM配置、基站间backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下 参数中的至少一种：Further, the reference signal is repeatedly sent according to a preset number of times in the time domain, and at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method in pre-regulation, OAM configuration, and backhaul signaling between base stations:
所述参考信号的时域起始发送时刻；the time domain start sending moment of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的单次持续时长；a single duration of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的重复发送次数；the number of times of repeated transmission of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在相邻2次传输之间的时域间隔。The time domain interval between the two adjacent transmissions of the reference signal.
进一步地，所述时间单位按照如下至少一种方法指示：Further, the time unit is indicated according to at least one of the following methods:
绝对时长；absolute duration;
根据参考信号的参考SCS确定的正交频分复用符号OS符号数；The number of OFDM symbols OS symbols determined according to the reference SCS of the reference signal;
根据第一通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数；The number of OS symbols determined according to the SCS of the first communication device;
根据第二通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数。The number of OS symbols determined from the SCS of the second communication device.
本发明实施例还提供了一种参考信号发送方法，应用于第一通信设备，如 图9所示，所述方法包括：An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for sending a reference signal, which is applied to a first communication device. As shown in FIG. 9 , the method includes:
步骤201：生成参考信号，所述参考信号在时域上具有循环移位特征，且 最小循环移位周期为1/SCSreferenceRS，其中，SCSreferenceRS表示参考信号的参考SCS；Step 201: Generate a reference signal, the reference signal has a cyclic shift feature in the time domain, and the minimum cyclic shift period is 1/SCS referenceRS , where SCS referenceRS represents the reference SCS of the reference signal;
步骤202：将生成的参考信号发送给第二通信设备。Step 202: Send the generated reference signal to the second communication device.
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时， 所述参考信号循环移位周期为1/SCSTRP，其中，SCSTRP表示所述第一通信设备的 子载波间隔SCS。Further, when the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the cyclic shift period of the reference signal is 1/SCS TRP , where SCS TRP represents the subcarrier interval SCS of the first communication device .
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时， 所述参考信号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个正交频分复用符号OS所组成的时间区 间内所产生的正交频分复用OFDM基带信号
其中，
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时， 所述参考信号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产生的OFDM基带信号为Further, when the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is generated in a time interval formed by consecutive 1 2 -1 1 +1 OS from 1 1 to 1 2 The OFDM baseband signal is
其中，
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时， 所述参考信号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产生的 OFDM基带信号为Further, when the reference SCS of the reference signal is less than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is generated in a time interval formed by consecutive 12-11 + 1 OS from 11 to 12 The OFDM baseband signal is
其中，
进一步地，所述第一通信设备在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间 区间内所产生的总的OFDM基带信号为Further, the total OFDM baseband signal generated by the first communication device in a time interval composed of consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 is:
其中，
为在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内除所述参考 信号之外的其他信号所产生的OFDM基带信号； an OFDM baseband signal generated for other signals except the reference signal in the time interval formed by consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 ;
且and
其中，
其中，表示除所述参考信号之外的其他信号在第p个天线端口上的第 (k,l)个资源元素资源格上的频域信号，所述
进一步地，通过预先规定、操作管理维护OAM配置、基站间回程线路 backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少一种：Further, at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, operation management and maintenance OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul line backhaul signaling indication:
发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号p；the antenna port number p for sending the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本序列 the basic sequence of the reference signal sent on the pth antenna port
所述参考信号的参考SCS配置SCSreferenceRS；the reference SCS configuration SCS referenceRS of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的频域起始位置
进一步地，在时域上周期发送所述参考信号，且通过预先规定、OAM配 置、基站间backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少 一种：Further, the reference signal is periodically sent in the time domain, and at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method in pre-regulation, OAM configuration, and backhaul signaling between base stations:
所述参考信号的时域发送周期；the time domain transmission period of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的时域起始发送时刻；the time-domain start transmission moment of the reference signal within the time-domain transmission period;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的持续时长。The duration of the reference signal in the time domain transmission period.
进一步地，在时域上根据预设次数重复发送所述参考信号，且通过预先规 定、OAM配置、基站间backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下 参数中的至少一种：Further, the reference signal is repeatedly sent according to a preset number of times in the time domain, and at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method in pre-regulation, OAM configuration, and backhaul signaling between base stations:
所述参考信号的时域起始发送时刻；the time domain start sending moment of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的单次持续时长；a single duration of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的重复发送次数；the number of times of repeated transmission of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在相邻2次传输之间的时域间隔。The time domain interval between the two adjacent transmissions of the reference signal.
进一步地，所述时间单位按照如下至少一种方法指示：Further, the time unit is indicated according to at least one of the following methods:
绝对时长；absolute duration;
根据参考信号的参考SCS确定的正交频分复用符号OS符号数；The number of OFDM symbols OS symbols determined according to the reference SCS of the reference signal;
根据第一通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数；The number of OS symbols determined according to the SCS of the first communication device;
根据第二通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数。The number of OS symbols determined from the SCS of the second communication device.
本实施例中，在发送端的通信设备，通过为不同numerology基站设计不 同的参考信号频域结构，允许5GNR基站能够基于自身的numerology发送专 用参考信号，且可以使得不同numerology基站所发送的专用参考信号的时域 波形保持一致；在接收端，允许复用UL频域接收数据(即通过FFT变换之后 的UL接收数据)，且可以通过简单的频域处理，正确还原出专用参考信号的 频域序列，以降低接收端检测专用参考信号时所需的处理复杂度。In this embodiment, by designing different reference signal frequency domain structures for different numerology base stations, the communication device at the transmitting end allows the 5GNR base station to send dedicated reference signals based on its own numerology, and enables the dedicated reference signals sent by different numerology base stations. The time-domain waveforms are consistent; at the receiving end, it is allowed to multiplex the UL frequency-domain received data (that is, the UL received data after FFT transformation), and the frequency-domain sequence of the dedicated reference signal can be correctly restored through simple frequency-domain processing. , so as to reduce the processing complexity required when the receiving end detects the dedicated reference signal.
本发明实施例还提供了一种参考信号接收方法，应用于第二通信设备，如 图10所示，所述方法包括：An embodiment of the present invention further provides a reference signal receiving method, which is applied to a second communication device. As shown in FIG. 10 , the method includes:
步骤301：接收第一通信设备在频域上发送的参考信号；Step 301: Receive a reference signal sent by a first communication device in the frequency domain;
步骤302：根据接收到的参考信号获得所述参考信号的基本序列。Step 302: Obtain the basic sequence of the reference signal according to the received reference signal.
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第二通信设备的SCS时， 根据接收到的参考信号
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第二通信设备的SCS时， 根据接收到的参考信号
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，表示第二通信 设备在第p个天线端口的第k个子载波上的接收信号，
进一步地，通过预先规定、操作管理维护OAM配置、基站间回程线路 backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少一种：Further, at least one of the following parameters is determined by at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, operation management and maintenance OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul line backhaul signaling indication:
发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号p；the antenna port number p for sending the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本序列
所述参考信号的参考SCS配置SCSreferenceRS；the reference SCS configuration SCS referenceRS of the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的第一预设参数
所述参考信号的频域起始位置
本实施例中，在发送端的通信设备，通过为不同numerology基站设计不 同的参考信号频域结构，允许5GNR基站能够基于自身的numerology发送专 用参考信号，且可以使得不同numerology基站所发送的专用参考信号的时域 波形保持一致；在接收端，允许复用UL频域接收数据(即通过FFT变换之后 的UL接收数据)，且可以通过简单的频域处理，正确还原出专用参考信号的 频域序列，以降低接收端检测专用参考信号时所需的处理复杂度。In this embodiment, by designing different reference signal frequency domain structures for different numerology base stations, the communication device at the transmitting end allows the 5GNR base station to send dedicated reference signals based on its own numerology, and enables the dedicated reference signals sent by different numerology base stations. The time-domain waveforms are consistent; at the receiving end, it is allowed to multiplex the UL frequency-domain received data (that is, the UL received data after FFT transformation), and the frequency-domain sequence of the dedicated reference signal can be correctly restored through simple frequency-domain processing. , so as to reduce the processing complexity required when the receiving end detects the dedicated reference signal.
下面结合具体的实施例以及附图对本发明的参考信号发送方法及接收方 法进行进一步介绍：The reference signal sending method and receiving method of the present invention are further introduced below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:
具体实施例一Specific embodiment one
本实施例提供一种应用于发送基站(即上述第一通信设备)的参考信号发 送方法，其频域资源映射关系为：The present embodiment provides a reference signal sending method applied to a sending base station (that is, the above-mentioned first communication device), and its frequency domain resource mapping relationship is:
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号；Wherein, p represents the antenna port number used for sending the reference signal;
表示所述参考信号的频域起始位置； Indicates the starting position of the reference signal in the frequency domain;
表示在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本序列， 其中，MRS表示所述参考信号的基本序列的长度； represents the basic sequence of the reference signal sent on the pth antenna port, wherein M RS represents the length of the basic sequence of the reference signal;
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，When the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device,
其中，
如图13a所示，不妨设参考信号的参考SCS(SCSreferenceRS)为60kHz。As shown in FIG. 13a, it is possible to set the reference SCS (SCS referenceRS ) of the reference signal to be 60 kHz.
当发送基站的SCS(SCSTRP)等于60kHz时，所述发送基站根据
当发送基站的SCS(SCSTRP)等于30kHz时，所述发送基站根据When the SCS (SCS TRP ) of the transmitting base station is equal to 30 kHz, the transmitting base station
当发送基站的SCS(SCSTRP)等于15kHz时，所述发送基站根据When the SCS (SCS TRP ) of the transmitting base station is equal to 15 kHz, the transmitting base station according to
其中
而当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，根据以下 公式生成所述参考信号，设置Q＝1。And when the reference SCS of the reference signal is less than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is generated according to the following formula, and Q=1 is set.
例如，不妨设参考信号的参考SCS(SCSreferenceRS)为60kHz。For example, the reference SCS (SCS referenceRS ) of the reference signal may be set to 60 kHz.
当发送基站的SCS(SCSTRP)等于120kHz时，所述发送基站根据When the SCS (SCS TRP ) of the transmitting base station is equal to 120 kHz, the transmitting base station according to
对于
所述频分复用方式指的是：单个基站或和/或多个基站所发送的所述参考 信号在频域上正交。具体实现方法包括：为多个基站配置不同天线端口，或为 单个基站配置多个天线端口，且每个天线端口上所发送的所述参考信号具有正 交的频域资源。如将不同天线端口的所述参考信号映射到不同的频域起始位置
所述码分复用方式指的是：单个基站或和/或多个基站所发送的所述参考 信号的基本序列在码域上具有较低的互相关特性。具体实现方法包括：为多个 基站配置不同天线端口，或为单个基站配置多个天线端口，且每个天线端口上 所发送的所述参考信号具有不同的基本序列。当采用码分复用方式时，允许将 不同天线端口的所述参考信号映射到相同的频域起始位置
进一步地，所述幅度缩放因子
接收基站(即上述第二通信设备)检测到所述参考信号后，基于检测到的 所述参考信号的接收功率，结合幅度缩放因子
进一步地，所述幅度缩放因子
通过本实施例的参考信号发送方法，能够保证所述基站无论是否发送所述 参考信号，对应OFDM符号上总的功率基本保持不变。With the method for sending a reference signal in this embodiment, it can be ensured that the total power on the corresponding OFDM symbol remains basically unchanged regardless of whether the base station sends the reference signal or not.
通过固定所述幅度缩放因子
不妨设不同OS上PDSCH非零元素的EPRE基本保持不变。则无论是否 发送所述参考信号，对应OFDM符号上总的功率应该基本保持不变。It may be assumed that the EPRE of non-zero elements of PDSCH on different OSs remains basically unchanged. Then no matter whether the reference signal is sent or not, the total power on the corresponding OFDM symbol should remain basically unchanged.
否则，如果发送所述参考信号，将导致对应OFDM符号上总的功率出现 显著变化，那么对发送基站而言，将会增加其所服务UE在相邻OS上的DL 接收信号功率的动态变化范围，进而可能会影响UE侧DL数据的接收性能； 而对于发送基站的相邻基站而言，其将体验到逐OS显著变化的干扰信号，也 将影响其所服务UE的DL数据接收性能。Otherwise, if the reference signal is sent, the total power on the corresponding OFDM symbol will change significantly, then for the transmitting base station, the dynamic range of the DL received signal power of the UE served by the UE on the adjacent OS will be increased. , which may affect the reception performance of DL data on the UE side; and for the neighboring base station of the transmitting base station, it will experience the interference signal that varies significantly from OS to OS, and will also affect the DL data reception performance of the UE it serves.
为了使得所述基站无论是否发送所述参考信号，对应OFDM符号上总的 功率都能基本保持不变，本实施例所采用的方法为：设置所述幅度缩放因子
则不妨设OS上包括Q·MRS个RE，且将PDSCH的EPRE记为EIRPPDSCH。 则当所述OS上只存在PDSCH时，则该OS上总功率为 PPDSCH_OS＝Q·MRS·EIRPPDSCH。Then it may be assumed that Q·M RS REs are included on the OS, and the EPRE of PDSCH is denoted as EIRP PDSCH . Then, when only PDSCH exists on the OS, the total power on the OS is P PDSCH_OS =Q·M RS ·EIRP PDSCH .
当所述OS上只存在所述参考信号时，所述参考信号的基本序列以梳齿结 构映射到频域资源上，其基本序列长度为MRS、梳齿间隔为Q，则所述参考信 号的非零元素的EPRE为
因此，将所述幅度缩放因子设置成
具体实施例二Specific embodiment two
本实施例提供一种应用于发送基站(即上述第一通信设备)的参考信号发 送方法，所述参考信号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产 生的OFDM基带信号
其中，SCSTRP表示当前发送基站的SCS；
本实施例通过数学公式，描述参考信号在时域上具有循环移位特征，且循 环移位周期为
不妨设通过NFFT点的FFT操作生成所述参考信号的OFDM基带信号，则 对应的时域采样间隔为
再设第l个OS的CP包括NCP,l个采样点，则第l个OS的时域长度为 (NCP,l+NFFT)Ts。Assuming that the CP of the 1 th OS includes N CP and 1 sampling points, the time domain length of the 1 th OS is (N CP,1 +N FFT )T s .
则可进一步将从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所持续的时长
还可将所述参考信号产生的OFDM基带信号的时域循环移位特性等效表 示为：The time-domain cyclic shift characteristic of the OFDM baseband signal generated by the reference signal can also be equivalently expressed as:
一具体示例A中，所述参考信号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时 间区间内所产生的OFDM基带信号为In a specific example A, the OFDM baseband signal generated by the reference signal in a time interval composed of consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 is:
其中，
显然，Obviously,
即根据具体示例A所设计的所述参考信号的OFDM基带信号产生方法符 合本实施例所述的特性。根据具体示例A的参考信号的时域波形如图14所示。That is, the method for generating the OFDM baseband signal of the reference signal designed according to the specific example A conforms to the characteristics described in this embodiment. The time-domain waveform of the reference signal according to the specific example A is shown in FIG. 14 .
不妨设参考信号的参考SCS(SCSreferenceRS)为60kHz。May wish to set the reference SCS (SCS referenceRS ) of the reference signal to 60kHz.
SCSTRP＝60kHzSCS TRP = 60kHz
当发送基站的SCS(SCSTRP)等于60kHz时，如果将所述参考信号的时域 时长配置成8个OS(相对于发送基站的SCS设置)，则通过具体示例A所示的 OFDM基带信号产生方法将产生如图14所示的具有时域循环移位移位特性的 波形。When the SCS (SCS TRP ) of the transmitting base station is equal to 60 kHz, if the time domain duration of the reference signal is configured to be 8 OSs (relative to the SCS setting of the transmitting base station), the OFDM baseband signal shown in the specific example A is generated. The method will produce a waveform with time domain cyclic shift shift characteristics as shown in Figure 14.
SCSTRP＝30kHzSCS TRP = 30kHz
当发送基站的SCS(SCSTRP)等于30kHz时，如果将所述参考信号的时域 时长配置成4个OS(相对于发送基站的SCS设置)，同样能够产生如图14所 示的具有时域循环移位移位特性的波形。When the SCS (SCS TRP ) of the transmitting base station is equal to 30 kHz, if the time domain duration of the reference signal is configured to be 4 OSs (relative to the SCS setting of the transmitting base station), the same time domain as shown in Figure 14 can be generated. The waveform of the cyclic shift shift characteristic.
注意到FFT/IFFT变换具有如下性质：频域信号离散对应于时域信号周期 重复。由于参考SCS为60kHz，且发送基站的SCS为30kHz，因此所述参考 信号在频域上采用梳齿结构(梳齿间隔为2个RE)，对应于频域离散，则其IFFT 变换产生的时域信号具有周期重复特性，即在如图14所示的1/30kHz的IFFT 时域窗口内，具有2个周期重复信号，且每个周期内的信号与当发送基站的 SCS等于60kHz，且采用相同的所述参考信号基本序列时所产生的时域IFFT 信号相同。Note that the FFT/IFFT transform has the property that the frequency domain signal discrete corresponds to the time domain signal periodic repetition. Since the reference SCS is 60 kHz, and the SCS of the transmitting base station is 30 kHz, the reference signal adopts a comb-tooth structure in the frequency domain (the comb-tooth interval is 2 REs), which corresponds to the frequency domain dispersion, then the time generated by the IFFT transform is The domain signal has the characteristic of periodic repetition, that is, in the IFFT time domain window of 1/30 kHz as shown in Figure 14, there are 2 periodic repeated signals, and the signal in each cycle is equal to the SCS of the transmitting base station at 60 kHz, and uses When the basic sequence of the reference signal is the same, the generated time-domain IFFT signals are the same.
IFFT变换后，通过上述方案所示的OFDM基带信号产生方法，以1/30kHz 的IFFT时域窗口为重复周期，再将IFFT信号以循环移位的方式填满4个OS (相对于发送基站的SCS设置)，则可获得如图14所示的具有时域循环移位移 位特性的波形。After IFFT transformation, through the OFDM baseband signal generation method shown in the above scheme, the IFFT time domain window of 1/30 kHz is used as the repetition period, and then the IFFT signal is filled with 4 OSs (relative to the transmission base station's SCS setting), the waveform with time domain cyclic shift shift characteristics as shown in Figure 14 can be obtained.
可见，通过上述具体实施例一和具体实施例二所述的方法，当所述参考信 号基本序列相同，且所产生的参考信号的时域长度保持一致时，无论发送基站 采用哪种SCS，其最终产生的时域参考信号波形都是相同的。It can be seen that, with the methods described in the first and second embodiments above, when the basic sequences of the reference signals are the same and the time domain lengths of the generated reference signals are consistent, no matter which SCS the transmitting base station adopts, its basic sequence is the same. The resulting time-domain reference signal waveforms are all the same.
对于SCSTRP＝60kHz的情况同理，在此不再赘述。The same is true for the case where SCS TRP = 60 kHz, and details are not repeated here.
一具体示例B中，所述发送基站在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时 间区间内所产生的总的OFDM基带信号为In a specific example B, the total OFDM baseband signal generated by the transmitting base station in the time interval composed of consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 is:
其中，
为在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所述参考信号 所产生的OFDM基带信号； is an OFDM baseband signal generated by the reference signal in a time interval formed by consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 ;
且and
其中，
其中，
具体实施例三Specific embodiment three
本实施例提供一种应用于接收基站(即上述第二通信设备)的参考信号接 收方法，根据频域接收信号
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号；Wherein, p represents the antenna port number used for sending the reference signal;
表示在第p个天线端口上检测到的所述参考信号的基本序 列，其中，MRS表示所述参考信号的基本序列的长度； represents the base sequence of the reference signal detected on the pth antenna port, wherein M RS represents the length of the base sequence of the reference signal;
本实施例提出一种基于参考信号时频结构设计的高效解决方案。在发送端， 该方案通过为不同numerology基站设计不同的所述专用参考信号频域结构， 允许5G NR基站能够基于自身的numerology发送所述专用参考信号，且可以 使得不同numerology基站所发送的所述专用参考信号的时域波形保持一致； 在接收端，允许复用UL频域接收数据(即通过FFT变换之后的UL接收数据)， 且可以通过简单的频域处理，正确还原出所述专用参考信号的频域序列，以降 低接收端检测所述专用参考信号时所需的处理复杂度。This embodiment proposes an efficient solution based on reference signal time-frequency structure design. At the transmitting end, this solution allows the 5G NR base station to send the dedicated reference signal based on its own numerology by designing different frequency domain structures of the dedicated reference signals for different numerology base stations, and enables the different numerology base stations to send the The time-domain waveform of the dedicated reference signal is consistent; at the receiving end, it is allowed to multiplex the UL frequency-domain received data (that is, the UL received data after FFT transformation), and the dedicated reference can be correctly restored through simple frequency-domain processing The frequency domain sequence of the signal is used to reduce the processing complexity required by the receiving end to detect the dedicated reference signal.
本发明实施例还提供了一种第一通信设备，如图11所示，包括处理器11 和收发器12，An embodiment of the present invention further provides a first communication device, as shown in FIG. 11 , including a processor 11 and a transceiver 12,
所述处理器11用于根据待发送的参考信号基本序列、第一通信设备的子 载波间隔SCS以及参考信号的参考子载波间隔，生成在每一天线端口上发送 的参考信号；The processor 11 is configured to generate a reference signal sent on each antenna port according to the basic sequence of the reference signal to be sent, the subcarrier spacing SCS of the first communication device, and the reference subcarrier spacing of the reference signal;
所述收发器12用于将生成的参考信号发送给第二通信设备，以便第二通 信设备检测到所述参考信号后，基于检测到的所述参考信号的接收功率，结合 幅度缩放因子
本实施例中，在发送端的通信设备，通过为不同numerology基站设计不 同的参考信号频域结构，允许5G NR基站能够基于自身的numerology发送专 用参考信号，且可以使得不同numerology基站所发送的专用参考信号的时域 波形保持一致；在接收端，允许复用UL频域接收数据(即通过FFT变换之后 的UL接收数据)，且可以通过简单的频域处理，正确还原出专用参考信号的 频域序列，以降低接收端检测专用参考信号时所需的处理复杂度。In this embodiment, by designing different reference signal frequency domain structures for different numerology base stations, the communication device at the transmitting end allows the 5G NR base station to send dedicated reference signals based on its own numerology, and enables the dedicated reference signals sent by different numerology base stations. The time domain waveform of the signal remains consistent; at the receiving end, it is allowed to multiplex the UL frequency domain received data (that is, the UL received data after FFT transformation), and the frequency domain of the dedicated reference signal can be correctly restored through simple frequency domain processing. sequence to reduce the processing complexity required by the receiving end to detect the dedicated reference signal.
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时， 所述处理器11具体用于根据以下公式生成所述参考信号：Further, when the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the processor 11 is specifically configured to generate the reference signal according to the following formula:
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
梳齿间隔Q根据如下至少一种公式确定：The comb spacing Q is determined according to at least one of the following formulas:
Q＝SCSreferenceRS/SCSTRP，SCSTRP表示所述第一通信设备的SCS，SCSreferenceRS表 示参考信号的参考SCS，其中，
进一步地，所述幅度缩放因子
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时， 所述处理器11具体用于根据以下公式生成所述参考信号：Further, when the reference SCS of the reference signal is less than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the processor 11 is specifically configured to generate the reference signal according to the following formula:
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
进一步地，所述第一预设参数
进一步地，所述第一预设参数
进一步地，所述处理器11具体用于通过预先规定、操作管理维护OAM 配置、基站间回程线路backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参 数中的至少一种：Further, the processor 11 is specifically configured to determine at least one of the following parameters through at least one indication method in pre-regulation, operation management and maintenance OAM configuration, and backhaul signaling indication between base stations:
发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号p；the antenna port number p for sending the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本序列
所述参考信号的参考SCS配置SCSreferenceRS；the reference SCS configuration SCS referenceRS of the reference signal;
所述第一预设惨
所述参考信号的频域起始位置
进一步地，所述收发器12具体用于在时域上周期发送所述参考信号，且 通过预先规定、OAM配置、基站间backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法， 确定如下参数中的至少一种：Further, the transceiver 12 is specifically configured to periodically send the reference signal in the time domain, and determines at least one of the following parameters through at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul signaling indication: A sort of:
所述参考信号的时域发送周期；the time domain transmission period of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的时域起始发送时刻；the time-domain start transmission moment of the reference signal within the time-domain transmission period;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的持续时长。The duration of the reference signal in the time domain transmission period.
进一步地，所述收发器12具体用于在时域上根据预设次数重复发送所述 参考信号，且通过预先规定、OAM配置、基站间backhaul信令指示中的至少 一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少一种：Further, the transceiver 12 is specifically configured to repeatedly send the reference signal according to a preset number of times in the time domain, and is determined as follows through at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul signaling indication. At least one of the parameters:
所述参考信号的时域起始发送时刻；the time domain start sending moment of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的单次持续时长；a single duration of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的重复发送次数；the number of times of repeated transmission of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在相邻2次传输之间的时域间隔。The time domain interval between the two adjacent transmissions of the reference signal.
进一步地，所述时间单位按照如下至少一种方法指示：Further, the time unit is indicated according to at least one of the following methods:
绝对时长；absolute duration;
根据参考信号的参考SCS确定的正交频分复用符号OS符号数；The number of OFDM symbols OS symbols determined according to the reference SCS of the reference signal;
根据第一通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数；The number of OS symbols determined according to the SCS of the first communication device;
根据第二通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数。The number of OS symbols determined from the SCS of the second communication device.
本发明实施例还提供了一种第一通信设备，如图11所示，包括处理器11 和收发器12，An embodiment of the present invention further provides a first communication device, as shown in FIG. 11 , including a processor 11 and a transceiver 12,
所述处理器11用于生成参考信号，所述参考信号在时域上具有循环移位 特征，且最小循环移位周期为1/SCSreferenceRS，其中，SCSreferenceRS表示参考信号的 参考SCS；The processor 11 is configured to generate a reference signal, the reference signal has a cyclic shift characteristic in the time domain, and the minimum cyclic shift period is 1/SCS referenceRS , where SCS referenceRS represents the reference SCS of the reference signal;
所述收发器12用于将生成的参考信号发送给第二通信设备。The transceiver 12 is used for sending the generated reference signal to the second communication device.
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时， 所述参考信号循环移位周期为1/SCSTRP，其中，SCSTRP表示所述第一通信设备的 子载波间隔SCS。Further, when the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the cyclic shift period of the reference signal is 1/SCS TRP , where SCS TRP represents the subcarrier interval SCS of the first communication device .
当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，所述参考信 号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个正交频分复用符号OS所组成的时间区间内所产生 的正交频分复用OFDM基带信号
其中，
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时， 所述参考信号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产生的 OFDM基带信号为Further, when the reference SCS of the reference signal is greater than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is generated in a time interval formed by consecutive 1 2 -1 1 +1 OS from 1 1 to 1 2 The OFDM baseband signal is
其中，
当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第一通信设备的SCS时，所述参考信 号在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间内所产生的OFDM基带信号 为When the reference SCS of the reference signal is less than or equal to the SCS of the first communication device, the reference signal is an OFDM baseband signal generated in a time interval composed of consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 for
其中，
进一步地，所述处理器11在从l1到l2连续l2-l1+1个OS所组成的时间区间 内所产生的总的OFDM基带信号为Further, the total OFDM baseband signal generated by the processor 11 in the time interval composed of consecutive l 2 -l 1 +1 OS from l 1 to l 2 is:
其中，
且and
其中，表示在第l个OS上的除所述参考信号之外的其他信号所产 生的OFDM基带信号，且in, represents the OFDM baseband signal generated by signals other than the reference signal on the 1 th OS, and
其中，
进一步地，所述处理器11用于通过预先规定、操作管理维护OAM配置、 基站间回程线路backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的 至少一种：Further, the processor 11 is configured to determine at least one of the following parameters through at least one indication method in pre-stipulation, operation management and maintenance OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul line backhaul signaling indication:
发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号p；the antenna port number p for sending the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本序列
所述参考信号的参考SCS配置SCSreferenceRS；the reference SCS configuration SCS referenceRS of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的频域起始位置
进一步地，所述收发器12用于在时域上周期发送所述参考信号，且通过 预先规定、OAM配置、基站间backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确 定如下参数中的至少一种：Further, the transceiver 12 is configured to periodically send the reference signal in the time domain, and determines at least one of the following parameters through at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul signaling indication kind:
所述参考信号的时域发送周期；the time domain transmission period of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的时域起始发送时刻；the time-domain start transmission moment of the reference signal within the time-domain transmission period;
所述参考信号在所述时域发送周期内的持续时长。The duration of the reference signal in the time domain transmission period.
进一步地，所述收发器12用于在时域上根据预设次数重复发送所述参考 信号，且通过预先规定、OAM配置、基站间backhaul信令指示中的至少一种 指示方法，确定如下参数中的至少一种：Further, the transceiver 12 is configured to repeatedly send the reference signal according to a preset number of times in the time domain, and determine the following parameters through at least one indication method among pre-stipulation, OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul signaling indication: At least one of:
所述参考信号的时域起始发送时刻；the time domain start sending moment of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的单次持续时长；a single duration of the reference signal;
所述参考信号的重复发送次数；the number of times of repeated transmission of the reference signal;
所述参考信号在相邻2次传输之间的时域间隔。The time domain interval between the two adjacent transmissions of the reference signal.
进一步地，所述时间单位按照如下至少一种方法指示：Further, the time unit is indicated according to at least one of the following methods:
绝对时长；absolute duration;
根据参考信号的参考SCS确定的正交频分复用符号OS符号数；The number of OFDM symbols OS symbols determined according to the reference SCS of the reference signal;
根据第一通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数；The number of OS symbols determined according to the SCS of the first communication device;
根据第二通信设备的SCS确定的OS符号数。The number of OS symbols determined from the SCS of the second communication device.
本发明实施例还提供了一种第二通信设备，如图12所示，包括处理器21 和收发器22，The embodiment of the present invention further provides a second communication device, as shown in FIG. 12, including a processor 21 and a transceiver 22,
所述收发器22用于接收第一通信设备在频域上发送的参考信号；The transceiver 22 is configured to receive the reference signal sent by the first communication device in the frequency domain;
所述处理器21用于根据接收到的参考信号获得所述参考信号的基本序列。The processor 21 is configured to obtain the basic sequence of the reference signal according to the received reference signal.
进一步地，当参考信号的参考SCS大于或等于第二通信设备的SCS时， 所述处理器根据接收到的参考信号
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
进一步地，所述处理器21用于当参考信号的参考SCS小于或等于第二通 信设备的SCS时，通过以下方法根据接收到的参考信号
其中，p表示用于发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号，
进一步地，所述处理器21用于通过预先规定、操作管理维护OAM配置、 基站间回程线路backhaul信令指示中的至少一种指示方法，确定如下参数中的 至少一种：Further, the processor 21 is configured to determine at least one of the following parameters through at least one indication method in pre-stipulation, operation management and maintenance OAM configuration, and inter-base station backhaul line backhaul signaling indication:
发送所述参考信号的天线端口编号p；the antenna port number p for sending the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的基本序列
所述参考信号的参考SCS配置SCSreferenceRS；the reference SCS configuration SCS referenceRS of the reference signal;
所述在第p个天线端口上发送的所述参考信号的幅度缩放因子
所述参考信号的频域起始位置
本实施例中，在发送端的通信设备，通过为不同numerology基站设计不 同的参考信号频域结构，允许5GNR基站能够基于自身的numerology发送专 用参考信号，且可以使得不同numerology基站所发送的专用参考信号的时域 波形保持一致；在接收端，允许复用UL频域接收数据(即通过FFT变换之后 的UL接收数据)，且可以通过简单的频域处理，正确还原出专用参考信号的 频域序列，以降低接收端检测专用参考信号时所需的处理复杂度。In this embodiment, by designing different reference signal frequency domain structures for different numerology base stations, the communication device at the transmitting end allows the 5GNR base station to send dedicated reference signals based on its own numerology, and enables the dedicated reference signals sent by different numerology base stations. The time-domain waveforms are consistent; at the receiving end, it is allowed to multiplex the UL frequency-domain received data (that is, the UL received data after FFT transformation), and the frequency-domain sequence of the dedicated reference signal can be correctly restored through simple frequency-domain processing. , so as to reduce the processing complexity required when the receiving end detects the dedicated reference signal.
本发明实施例还提供了一种通信设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在所述 存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序；所述处理器执行所述程序时 实现如上所述的参考信号发送方法或实现如上所述的参考信号接收方法。An embodiment of the present invention also provides a communication device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor; the processor implements the above when executing the program The reference signal transmission method or the reference signal reception method as described above is implemented.
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序， 其特征在于，该程序被处理器执行时实现如上所述的参考信号发送方法中的步 骤或实现如上所述的参考信号接收方法中的步骤。Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that, when the program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method for sending a reference signal are implemented or the above-mentioned method is implemented. The steps in the reference signal receiving method.
计算机可读介质包括永久性和非永久性、可移动和非可移动媒体可以由任 何方法或技术来实现信息存储。信息可以是计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序 的模块或其他数据。计算机的存储介质的例子包括，但不限于相变内存 (PRAM)、静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、其 他类型的随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、电可擦除可编程只读 存储器(EEPROM)、快闪记忆体或其他内存技术、只读光盘只读存储器 (CD-ROM)、数字多功能光盘(DVD)或其他光学存储、磁盒式磁带，磁带磁 磁盘存储或其他磁性存储设备或任何其他非传输介质，可用于存储可以被计算 设备访问的信息。按照本文中的界定，计算机可读介质不包括暂存电脑可读媒 体(transitory media)，如调制的数据信号和载波。Computer readable media includes both persistent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media and can be implemented by any method or technology for storage of information. Information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), Flash Memory or other memory technology, Compact Disc Read Only Memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic tape cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. Computer-readable media, as defined herein, excludes transitory computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技 术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰， 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.