CN111603743A - A kind of sports teaching tennis serve training device - Google Patents

本发明涉及一种体育教学网球发球训练装置，属于体育训练辅助用具技术领域，包括：给球装置，用于间歇式的供给网球；发球装置，其和给球装置连通，用于将网球抛出；周向转角调节装置，设置在发球装置的下方，用于调节发球装置的周向转角；倾角调节装置，设置在周向转角调节装置的下方，用于调节发球装置的倾角。本发明能模拟实际对抗中的网球落点模式，使得球的落点变化多样，使得训练模式多样且综合性高，能有效的提高运动员的水平，提高训练效率，实用性强，值得推广。

The invention relates to a tennis serving training device for sports teaching, belonging to the technical field of sports training auxiliary appliances, comprising: a ball feeding device for intermittently supplying tennis balls; ; Circumferential rotation angle adjustment device, arranged below the ball service device, used to adjust the circumferential rotation angle of the ball service device; Inclination angle adjustment device, arranged below the circumferential rotation angle adjustment device, used to adjust the inclination of the ball service device. The invention can simulate the tennis landing pattern in actual confrontation, make the ball landing varied, and make the training patterns diverse and comprehensive, effectively improving the level of athletes, improving training efficiency, strong practicability, and worthy of popularization.

一种体育教学网球发球训练装置A kind of sports teaching tennis serve training device

技术领域technical field

本发明属于体育训练辅助用具技术领域，具体涉及一种体育教学网球发球训练装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of sports training aids, and in particular relates to a tennis serving training device for sports teaching.

背景技术Background technique

在体育训练项目中，网球由于对抗性强，运动量大而备受爱好健身的人群的喜爱。Among sports training programs, tennis is favored by fitness-loving people because of its strong confrontation and large amount of exercise.

网球的常规训练中，大部分时间需要双人对抗，这需要依赖于陪练员的发挥稳定性，同时，由于需要来回的捡球，浪费了很多的训练时间，因此，使得训练的效率很低。还有一部分网球训练使用的是常规的发球装置，但是目前，网球发球装置大多依赖于将球直线打出来完成发球动作，由于这类设备仅仅只能给球提供抛物线运动形式的单向运动，同时，落点比较确定，因此不能最大程度的提供实际对抗中模式，显得训练模式比较单一，不能有效的提高运动员的水平。In the regular training of tennis, two-person confrontation is required most of the time, which depends on the stability of the sparring player. At the same time, because of the need to pick up the ball back and forth, a lot of training time is wasted, so the training efficiency is very low. Another part of tennis training uses conventional serving devices, but at present, most of the tennis serving devices rely on hitting the ball straight out to complete the serving action, because such equipment can only provide the ball with one-way motion in the form of a parabolic motion, and at the same time , the placement point is relatively certain, so it cannot provide the actual mode of confrontation to the greatest extent, and the training mode is relatively simple, which cannot effectively improve the level of athletes.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种体育教学网球发球训练装置，以便解决现有技术中的不足。In view of this, the present invention provides a tennis service training device for sports teaching, so as to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.

本发明的技术方案是：The technical scheme of the present invention is:

一种体育教学网球发球训练装置，包括：A sports teaching tennis service training device, comprising:

给球装置，用于间歇式的供给网球；Ball feeding device for intermittent feeding of tennis balls;

发球装置，其和给球装置连通，用于将网球抛出；a ball serving device, which communicates with the ball feeding device, and is used for throwing the tennis ball;

周向转角调节装置，设置在发球装置的下方，用于调节发球装置的周向转角；The circumferential rotation angle adjustment device is arranged below the ball-serving device, and is used to adjust the circumferential rotation angle of the ball-serving device;

倾角调节装置，设置在周向转角调节装置的下方，用于调节发球装置的倾角。The inclination angle adjusting device is arranged below the circumferential rotation angle adjusting device, and is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the ball launching device.

进一步的，所述发球装置包括：Further, the ball serving device includes:

发球筒，其直径与网球的直径间隙配合；The ball cylinder, the diameter of which fits with the diameter of the tennis ball;

击球板，设置在发球筒内，且与发球筒的中心线垂直设置，所述击球板的周向侧壁上设置有用于减小摩擦力方便击球板沿着发球筒内壁快速移动的导向装置；The batting plate is arranged in the teeing barrel and is perpendicular to the center line of the teeing barrel. Guiding device;

限位板，设置在发球筒内，且与发球筒的中心线垂直设置，位于击球板背离发球筒的出口的一侧；The limit plate is arranged in the ball cylinder, and is perpendicular to the center line of the ball cylinder, and is located on the side of the hitting plate that is away from the outlet of the ball cylinder;

弹性件一，设置在限位板和击球板之间，其一端与限位板固定连接，另一端与击球板固定连接；The first elastic piece is arranged between the limit plate and the batting plate, one end of which is fixedly connected with the limiter plate, and the other end is fixedly connected with the batting plate;

辊轮，架设在发球筒内，其中心线与发球筒的中心线垂直；The roller is erected in the ball cylinder, and its center line is perpendicular to the center line of the ball cylinder;

牵引绳，缠绕在辊轮上，一端与辊轮固定，另一端依次穿过限位板和弹性件一之后在其末端固定击球板。The traction rope is wound on the roller, one end is fixed with the roller, and the other end passes through the limit plate and the elastic piece in turn, and then fixes the batting plate at the end thereof.

进一步的，所述导向装置包括：Further, the guide device includes:

半球面导向槽，至少有两个，均布的开设在发球筒的内壁上，沿着发球筒的长度方向设置；There are at least two hemispherical guide grooves, which are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the ball serving barrel, and are arranged along the length direction of the ball serving barrel;

半球面安装槽，至少有两个，均布的开设在击球板的周向侧壁上；There are at least two hemispherical mounting grooves, which are evenly distributed on the circumferential side wall of the bat;

滚子，至少有两个，对应卡装在半球面导向槽和半球面安装槽内。The rollers, at least two, are correspondingly clamped in the hemispherical guide groove and the hemispherical installation groove.

进一步的，还包括：Further, it also includes:

气动力加速结构，设置在所述发球筒内，包括：The aerodynamic acceleration structure, which is arranged in the ball barrel, includes:

气缸，固定在所述发球筒内壁；a cylinder, fixed on the inner wall of the ball cylinder;

引流槽，至少有一个，开设在限位板上；There is at least one drainage groove, which is set on the limit plate;

管道，一端与气缸连通，另一端与引流槽连通；One end of the pipe is connected with the cylinder, and the other end is connected with the drainage groove;

调速器，固定在所述发球筒内壁，设置在管道上。The governor is fixed on the inner wall of the ball cylinder and is arranged on the pipeline.

进一步的，所述周向转角调节装置包括电动分度盘，所述电动分度盘的上端与发球筒固定。Further, the circumferential rotation angle adjusting device includes an electric indexing plate, and the upper end of the electric indexing plate is fixed to the ball cylinder.

进一步的，所述倾角调节装置包括：Further, the inclination adjustment device includes:

安装板，所述安装板的上端面与电动分度盘固定；an installation plate, the upper end face of the installation plate is fixed with the electric indexing plate;

柱体，垂直设置在安装板的下方；The column is vertically arranged below the mounting plate;

球头座，设置在所述安装板和柱体之间，所述球头座的固定座与柱体固定，所述球头座的转动体与所述安装板固定；a ball head seat, arranged between the mounting plate and the cylinder, the fixing seat of the ball head seat is fixed with the cylinder body, and the rotating body of the ball head seat is fixed with the mounting plate;

气压缸，一端与柱体铰接，另一端与安装板铰接；Pneumatic cylinder, one end is hinged with the cylinder, and the other end is hinged with the mounting plate;

弹性件二，设置在与气压缸相对的一侧，一端与柱体固定，另一端与安装板固定。The second elastic piece is arranged on the side opposite to the pneumatic cylinder, one end is fixed with the cylinder, and the other end is fixed with the mounting plate.

进一步的，所述柱体为伸缩式结构，用于调节发球装置的高度。Further, the column body is a telescopic structure, which is used to adjust the height of the ball serving device.

进一步的，所述给球装置包括：Further, the ball feeding device includes:

球箱，架设在发球装置的上方；The ball box is erected above the serving device;

供球通道，用于连通球箱和发球筒；The ball supply channel is used to connect the ball box and the ball cylinder;

电机，架设在球箱上；The motor is erected on the ball box;

挡球曲杆，数目是四个，均布设置在电机的输出轴上，用于挡住球箱出口或者逐个下放网球。There are four ball-blocking levers, which are evenly arranged on the output shaft of the motor, and are used to block the outlet of the ball box or lower the tennis balls one by one.

进一步的，所述弹性件二与弹性件一是硬弹簧。Further, the second elastic member and the first elastic member are hard springs.

本发明提供的一种体育教学网球发球训练装置，发球落点不确定，可以给网球提供多种训练模式。The present invention provides a tennis service training device for sports teaching, the service landing point is uncertain, and various training modes can be provided for tennis.

与现有技术相比，本发明能模拟实际对抗中的网球落点模式，使得训练模式多样且综合性高，能有效的提高运动员的水平，提高训练效率，实用性强，值得推广。Compared with the prior art, the present invention can simulate the tennis landing pattern in the actual confrontation, so that the training patterns are diverse and comprehensive, can effectively improve the level of athletes, improve training efficiency, and has strong practicability and is worthy of promotion.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

图2为本发明的发球装置结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the serving device of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明提供了一种体育教学网球发球训练装置，下面结合图1到图2的结构示意图，对本发明进行说明。The present invention provides a tennis serve training device for physical education. The present invention will be described below with reference to the schematic structural diagrams of FIGS. 1 to 2 .

实施例1Example 1

如图1所示，本发明提供的一种体育教学网球发球训练装置，包括：给球装置、发球装置7、周向转角调节装置和倾角调节装置。As shown in FIG. 1 , a tennis serving training device for physical education provided by the present invention includes: a ball feeding device, a serving device 7 , a circumferential rotation angle adjustment device and an inclination angle adjustment device.

发球装置7，其和给球装置连通，用于将网球抛出。The ball serving device 7, which is in communication with the ball feeding device, is used for throwing the tennis ball.

进一步的，如图2所示，发球装置7包括：Further, as shown in FIG. 2 , the ball serving device 7 includes:

发球筒700，其直径与网球的直径间隙配合；The ball cylinder 700, the diameter of which is clearance fit with the diameter of the tennis ball;

击球板701，设置在发球筒700内，击球板701与发球筒700的中心线垂直设置，击球板701的周向侧壁上设置有用于减小摩擦力方便击球板701沿着发球筒700内壁快速移动的导向装置。The hitting blade 701 is arranged in the ball barrel 700, and the ball hitting blade 701 is arranged perpendicular to the center line of the ball barrel 700. The circumferential side wall of the ball hitting blade 701 is provided with a side wall for reducing the frictional force and making it easier for the ball hitting blade 701 to follow the direction of the ball. The guide device for the rapid movement of the inner wall of the ball barrel 700 .

进一步的，导向装置包括：Further, the guiding device includes:

半球面导向槽，至少有两个，均布的开设在发球筒700的内壁上，沿着发球筒700的长度方向设置；There are at least two hemispherical guide grooves, which are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the ball serving barrel 700, and are arranged along the length direction of the ball serving barrel 700;

半球面安装槽，至少有两个，均布的开设在击球板701的周向侧壁上；There are at least two hemispherical mounting grooves, which are evenly distributed on the circumferential side wall of the bat 701;

滚子，至少有两个，对应卡装在半球面导向槽和半球面安装槽内。The rollers, at least two, are correspondingly clamped in the hemispherical guide groove and the hemispherical installation groove.

击球板701移动时，卡装在击球板701周向的滚子沿着开设在击球板701的周向侧壁上的半球面安装槽长度方向移动，由于滚子和滑槽接触面小，滑动系数小，因此产生的阻力很小，使得击球板701的可迅速移动。When the bat 701 moves, the rollers clamped in the circumferential direction of the bat 701 move along the length of the hemispherical surface mounting groove formed on the circumferential side wall of the bat 701. Small, the sliding coefficient is small, so the resistance generated is small, so that the blade 701 can move quickly.

发球筒700内还设置有限位板703，限位板703与发球筒700的中心线垂直设置，位于击球板701背离发球筒700的出口的一侧，用于击球板701的限位。A limiting plate 703 is also arranged in the serving barrel 700 . The limiting plate 703 is perpendicular to the centerline of the serving barrel 700 and is located on the side of the hitting plate 701 away from the outlet of the serving barrel 700 for limiting the hitting plate 701 .

在限位板703和击球板701之间有弹性件一702，弹性件一702的一端与限位板703固定连接，弹性件一702的另一端与击球板701固定连接。There is an elastic piece 702 between the limiting plate 703 and the hitting board 701 .

与驱动装置连接的辊轮705，架设在发球筒700内，其中心线与发球筒700的中心线垂直。The roller 705 connected with the driving device is erected in the ball bowl 700 , and its center line is perpendicular to the center line of the ball bowl 700 .

牵引绳704缠绕在辊轮705上，牵引绳704的一端与辊轮705固定，牵引绳704的另一端依次穿过限位板703和弹性件一702之后与击球板701固定。The traction rope 704 is wound on the roller 705, one end of the traction rope 704 is fixed to the roller 705, and the other end of the traction rope 704 passes through the limiting plate 703 and the elastic member 1 702 in turn and is fixed to the hitting plate 701.

使用中，辊轮705转动，带动牵引绳704转动缠绕在辊轮705上，同步的拉动击球板701在导向装置的限位下向辊轮705侧移动，压缩弹性件一702发生形变，同时产生蓄能力，当辊轮705失去驱动装置的牵引力后，蓄能力开始启动，反弹作用下将击球板701向外快速推出，从而将发球筒700内的网球击打出去。In use, the roller 705 rotates, which drives the traction rope 704 to rotate and wrap around the roller 705, and synchronously pulls the hitting plate 701 to move to the side of the roller 705 under the limit of the guide device, and the compression elastic member 1 702 deforms, and at the same time The accumulating capacity is generated. When the roller 705 loses the traction force of the driving device, the accumulating capacity starts, and under the action of rebound, the hitting plate 701 is quickly pushed out, thereby hitting the tennis ball in the ball cylinder 700 out.

用于间歇式的供给网球的给球装置的结构包括：The structure of the ball feeding device for intermittent feeding of tennis balls includes:

用于存放网球的球箱10，架设在发球装置7的上方。A ball box 10 for storing tennis balls is erected on the top of the serving device 7 .

供球通道8，用于连通球箱10和发球筒700；The ball supply channel 8 is used to connect the ball box 10 and the ball cylinder 700;

电机，架设在球箱10上，用于带动挡球曲杆9转动。The motor, which is erected on the ball box 10, is used to drive the ball blocking lever 9 to rotate.

挡球曲杆9，数目是四个，均布设置在电机的输出轴上，用于挡住球箱10出口或者逐个下放网球。The number of the ball blocking levers 9 is four, which are evenly arranged on the output shaft of the motor, and are used to block the exit of the ball box 10 or lower the tennis balls one by one.

周向转角调节装置，设置在发球装置7的下方，用于调节发球装置7的周向转角。The circumferential rotation angle adjusting device is arranged below the ball-serving device 7 and is used to adjust the circumferential rotation angle of the ball-serving device 7 .

周向转角调节装置包括电动分度盘6，所述电动分度盘6的上端与发球筒700固定。The circumferential rotation angle adjustment device includes an electric indexing plate 6 , and the upper end of the electric indexing plate 6 is fixed to the ball cylinder 700 .

电动分度盘6转动时，带动发球筒700转动，实现发球筒700的周向转角调节，使得发出去的网球落点的偏角发生变化。When the electric indexing plate 6 rotates, it drives the ball cylinder 700 to rotate, so as to realize the adjustment of the circumferential rotation angle of the ball cylinder 700, so that the deflection angle of the landing point of the tennis balls sent out changes.

倾角调节装置，设置在周向转角调节装置的下方，用于调节发球装置7的倾角。The inclination angle adjusting device is arranged below the circumferential rotation angle adjusting device, and is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the ball launching device 7 .

进一步的，所述倾角调节装置包括：Further, the inclination adjustment device includes:

安装板5，所述安装板5的上端面与电动分度盘6固定；Mounting plate 5, the upper end face of the mounting plate 5 is fixed with the electric indexing plate 6;

柱体2，垂直设置在安装板5的下方；The column body 2 is vertically arranged below the mounting plate 5;

球头座4，设置在所述安装板5和柱体2之间，所述球头座4的固定座与柱体2固定，球头座4的转动体与所述安装板5固定；The ball head seat 4 is arranged between the mounting plate 5 and the cylinder body 2 , the fixed seat of the ball head seat 4 is fixed with the cylinder body 2 , and the rotating body of the ball head seat 4 is fixed with the mounting plate 5 ;

气压缸1，一端与柱体2铰接，另一端与安装板5铰接；Pneumatic cylinder 1, one end is hinged with cylinder 2, and the other end is hinged with mounting plate 5;

弹性件二3，设置在与气压缸1相对的一侧，一端与柱体2固定，另一端与安装板5固定。The second elastic member 3 is arranged on the side opposite to the pneumatic cylinder 1 , one end is fixed with the cylinder 2 , and the other end is fixed with the mounting plate 5 .

使用中，需要调节倾角时，气压缸1的活塞杆伸出或者缩回，即可带动安装板5沿着球头座4发生上下的摆动，实现对安装板5的倾角的变化，同步实现发球筒700的倾角的变化，使得网球抛出时形成的抛物线发生变化，从而改变网球的下落速度和落点。In use, when the inclination angle needs to be adjusted, the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 1 is extended or retracted, which can drive the mounting plate 5 to swing up and down along the ball head seat 4 to realize the change of the inclination angle of the mounting plate 5 and synchronously realize the service of the ball. The change of the inclination of the barrel 700 changes the parabola formed when the tennis ball is thrown, thereby changing the falling speed and the falling point of the tennis ball.

进一步的，弹性件二3与弹性件一702是硬弹簧。Further, the second elastic member 3 and the first elastic member 702 are hard springs.

实施例2Example 2

为了进一步的改进本发明，提高训练模式的多样性，将柱体2设定为伸缩式结构，用于调节发球装置7的高度，从而改变网球的下落速度和落点。In order to further improve the present invention and increase the diversity of training modes, the column body 2 is set as a telescopic structure for adjusting the height of the ball serving device 7, thereby changing the falling speed and the falling point of the tennis ball.

实施例3Example 3

为了进一步的改进以实现击球板701的击球速度的变化，在本装置上还设置了气动力加速结构。In order to further improve to realize the change of the hitting speed of the hitting blade 701, an aerodynamic acceleration structure is also provided on the device.

气动力加速结构设置在发球筒700内，其结构包括：The aerodynamic acceleration structure is arranged in the ball cylinder 700, and its structure includes:

固定在发球筒700内壁上的气缸706；the cylinder 706 fixed on the inner wall of the ball cylinder 700;

管道，一端与气缸706连通，另一端与引流槽连通；The pipe, one end is communicated with the cylinder 706, and the other end is communicated with the drainage groove;

引流槽的数目可以为多个，其中一端均连通，另一端分布的开设在限位板703上。The number of drainage grooves may be multiple, one end of which is connected, and the other end is distributed on the limiting plate 703 .

调速器，设置在管道上，与发球筒700内壁固定。The governor is arranged on the pipeline and is fixed to the inner wall of the ball cylinder 700 .

气缸706内的气体经管道到引流槽流出，作用在击球板701上。The gas in the cylinder 706 flows out through the pipeline to the drainage groove, and acts on the hitting plate 701 .

使用中，通过调速器可以控制管道内气流流速，从而改变作用在击球板701上的气流的压力，使得形成的对击球板701的推力的大小可以调节，气流的压力和弹簧的复位力协同作用下，实现对击球板701的推力的大小可调，从而使得网球的飞出速度可变。In use, the flow rate of the airflow in the pipeline can be controlled by the governor, so as to change the pressure of the airflow acting on the batting plate 701, so that the size of the thrust formed on the batting plate 701 can be adjusted, and the pressure of the air flow and the reset of the spring can be adjusted. Under the synergistic effect of the force, the magnitude of the thrust to the hitting paddle 701 can be adjusted, so that the flying speed of the tennis ball can be changed.

本发明提供的一种体育教学网球发球训练装置，能模拟实际对抗中的网球落点模式，使得球的落点变化多样，使得训练模式多样且综合性高，能有效的提高运动员的水平，提高训练效率，实用性强，值得推广。The tennis serve training device for physical education provided by the present invention can simulate the tennis landing pattern in actual confrontation, so that the landing point of the ball changes in various ways, so that the training patterns are diverse and comprehensive, and can effectively improve the level of athletes and improve the Training efficiency, strong practicability, worthy of promotion.

以上公开的仅为本发明的较佳的具体实施例，但是，本发明实施例并非局限于此，任何本领域技术人员能思之的变化都应落入本发明的保护范围。The above disclosures are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, however, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.