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CN112013453A - Regional heating system integrating pipe network classification and intelligent control and transformation method - Google Patents

  • ️Tue Dec 01 2020
一种集成管网分级与智能控制的区域供热系统及改造方法A district heating system integrating pipe network classification and intelligent control and its transformation method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及集中供热技术领域,特别是涉及区域供热既有系统“源网末端”一体化管控的热力系统改造节能方法,具体涉及区域供热系统的动态水力平衡、管网分级改造及智能控制技术耦合,为实现供热系统的分时分区分温精细管控、最大程度地节能并满足用户多种用热需求提供硬件基础。The invention relates to the technical field of central heating, in particular to a thermal system transformation and energy saving method for integrated management and control of the "source network end" of an existing district heating system, in particular to the dynamic hydraulic balance of the district heating system, the hierarchical transformation of the pipe network and intelligent The coupling of control technologies provides a hardware basis for realizing the fine management and control of time-division, temperature-division and temperature-division of the heating system, maximizing energy saving, and meeting the various heating needs of users.

背景技术Background technique

集中供热是我国北方常见的供热形式,由于实际的供热管网运行工况受到制造和施工、工作条件、环境等多方面的影响,传统的管网难以消除管网之间的水力失衡,使得局部末端偏离设计要求,造成冷热不均的现象,并浪费大量热耗。Central heating is a common form of heating in northern my country. Because the actual operating conditions of the heating pipe network are affected by many aspects such as manufacturing and construction, working conditions, and the environment, it is difficult for traditional pipe networks to eliminate the hydraulic imbalance between the pipe networks. , so that the local end deviates from the design requirements, resulting in uneven cooling and heating, and wastes a lot of heat.

集中供热系统有三种结构形式:一次网锅炉直供、二次网换热间接供热和直供间供混合系统。水力和热力的失调是这三种系统都难以避免的问题。尤其是,对于不同类型用户未能进行分区,采用同一管路供暖将造成更多能源浪费。The central heating system has three structural forms: direct supply of primary network boilers, indirect heat supply of secondary network heat exchange and mixed system of direct supply and indirect supply. Hydraulic and thermal imbalances are unavoidable problems in all three systems. In particular, if different types of users fail to be partitioned, using the same pipeline for heating will cause more energy waste.

针对供热系统水力不平衡和过度供热的现象,通常采用增设节流阀、安装变频泵来改善供热管网的运行状况。专利“CN 108826436 A”提出了通过二次侧的温度控制阀进行回水温度调节系统,从而实现二次侧供热自动平衡;专利“CN 209484701 U”提出了一种在每个换热站的一次网和二次都安装有变频泵的分布式变频加压系统;专利“CN 108662655A”在换热站二次侧安装变频泵、一次侧安装温度调节阀,从而实现对二次侧供水温度的控制。专利“CN 201100704 Y”提出了通过电动调节阀调节直接间接混合系统水力平衡的方法。专利“CN 210485885 U”和“CN 209876068 U”都提出了一种基于压力平衡的调节阀门。Aiming at the phenomenon of hydraulic imbalance and excessive heating in the heating system, it is usually used to add a throttle valve and install a variable frequency pump to improve the operation of the heating pipe network. The patent "CN 108826436 A" proposes a temperature adjustment system for the return water through the temperature control valve on the secondary side, so as to realize the automatic balance of the heat supply on the secondary side; the patent "CN 209484701 U" proposes a Distributed variable frequency pressurization system with variable frequency pump installed on both the primary network and the secondary network; the patent "CN 108662655A" installs a variable frequency pump on the secondary side of the heat exchange station and a temperature control valve on the primary side, so as to realize the control of the temperature of the water supply on the secondary side. control. The patent "CN 201100704 Y" proposes a method for adjusting the hydraulic balance of a direct and indirect mixing system through an electric regulating valve. Patents "CN 210485885 U" and "CN 209876068 U" both propose a pressure balance-based regulating valve.

以上方法主要是针对二次网系统的局部水力失调或热失调现象的改善,很少涉及“源网末端”一体化管控的节能改造,尤其很少涉及一次网直供系统以及是具有多种用户类型复杂区域供热系统的节能改造。The above methods are mainly aimed at improving the local hydraulic imbalance or thermal imbalance of the secondary network system, and rarely involve the energy-saving transformation of the integrated management and control of the "source network end", especially the direct supply system of the primary network and those with multiple users. Energy-saving retrofit of complex district heating systems.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种集成管网分级与智能控制的区域供热系统及改造方法,针对供热系统水力不平衡和过度供热的现象,对于既有热力管网进行多层分级,采用高性能的动态压差平衡电动调节装置,耦合智能控制技术,实现控制单元环内压力无关的流量控制及负荷调节。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a district heating system and a transformation method that integrates pipe network grading and intelligent control. The heat pipe network is multi-layered, and the high-performance dynamic pressure difference balance electric adjustment device is used, coupled with intelligent control technology, to realize flow control and load adjustment independent of pressure in the control unit ring.

本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:

一种集成管网分级与智能控制的区域供热系统改造方法,将能源站作为准一级网,基于热力入口处的进行改造,将原作为一级网的热力入口改造为准二级网;将热力支路和热力末端分别改造成为准三级网和准四级网,以实现控制单元环内压力无关的流量控制及负荷调节;并在准一级网的回水管路上安装水泵和压力表;在准二级网、准三级网的回水管路上安装动态压差平衡阀和压力表,在准四级网的回水管路上安装动态压差平衡阀和分集水器,准一级网、准二级网、准三级网和准四级网内均安装与监控平台连接的通讯模块。A district heating system transformation method integrating pipe network grading and intelligent control, takes the energy station as a quasi-primary network, and transforms it based on the thermal inlet, and transforms the thermal inlet, which was originally a primary network, into a quasi-secondary network; The thermal branch and the thermal terminal are transformed into a quasi-tertiary network and a quasi-quadrant network respectively, so as to realize the flow control and load regulation independent of the pressure in the control unit ring; and install the water pump and pressure gauge on the return pipeline of the quasi-first-level network ; Install dynamic differential pressure balancing valve and pressure gauge on the return pipeline of quasi-secondary network and quasi-tertiary network, install dynamic differential pressure balancing valve and sub-catchment on the return pipeline of quasi-fourth-level network, quasi-first-level network, A communication module connected to the monitoring platform is installed in the quasi-level 2 network, the quasi-level 3 network and the quasi-level 4 network.

本发明提供的另一个技术方案如下:Another technical scheme provided by the present invention is as follows:

一种集成管网分级与智能控制的区域供热系统,包括由供水管路和回水管路相互连通的准一级网、准二级网、准三级网和准四级网,所述准一级网包括与供水管路和回水管路连接的锅炉,所述准一级网、准二级网、准三级网的供水管路上均设有流量计和压力表,所述准一级网的回水管路上设有水泵和压力表,所述准二级网、准三级网的回水管路上均安装有动态压差平衡阀和压力表,所述准四级网的回水管路上安装有动态压差平衡阀和分集水器;A district heating system integrating pipe network grading and intelligent control, including a quasi-primary network, a quasi-secondary network, a quasi-tertiary network and a quasi-quaternary network interconnected by water supply pipelines and return water pipelines. The primary network includes a boiler connected to the water supply pipeline and the return pipeline. The water supply pipelines of the quasi-primary primary network, the quasi-secondary network and the quasi-tertiary network are all provided with flow meters and pressure gauges. There are water pumps and pressure gauges on the return pipeline of the network, dynamic differential pressure balance valves and pressure gauges are installed on the return pipelines of the quasi-secondary network and quasi-tertiary network, and the return pipeline of the quasi-fourth-level network is installed There are dynamic differential pressure balance valve and sub-catchment;

各级管网的供水管路和回水管路上均设置有温度传感器,所述准一级网、准二级网、准三级网内均安装有与各流量计和各温度传感器相连的热量表,还安装有与各动态压差平衡阀、热量表和压力表相连的控制器,所述控制器与各自管网内的通讯模块连接;所述准四级网内安装有触控显示模块和室温传感器,触控显示模块与准四级网内的动态压差平衡阀、温度传感器、室温传感器及通讯模块连接,各个通讯模块与监控平台通过有线和/或无线方式连接。Temperature sensors are installed on the water supply pipelines and return water pipelines of the pipeline networks at all levels, and heat meters connected to each flow meter and each temperature sensor are installed in the quasi-first-level network, quasi-second-level network, and quasi-tertiary-level network. , a controller connected to each dynamic differential pressure balance valve, heat meter and pressure gauge is also installed, the controller is connected to the communication module in the respective pipe network; The room temperature sensor and touch display module are connected to the dynamic differential pressure balance valve, temperature sensor, room temperature sensor and communication module in the quasi-quad-level network, and each communication module is connected to the monitoring platform by wired and/or wireless means.

与现有技术相比,本发明的技术方案所带来的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution of the present invention are:

1.针对整个热力系统进行多层分级,涉及能源站和末端,整个系统分为相互没有影响的独立控制环路。每一个环路只受自己区域负荷变化的影响,而不受系统压力波动的影响。为实现“源网末端”的一体化管控及分层分级精细控管的智能化供热提供了硬件基础。1. Multi-layer classification is carried out for the entire thermal system, involving energy stations and terminals, and the entire system is divided into independent control loops that do not affect each other. Each loop is only affected by load changes in its own area, not by system pressure fluctuations. It provides a hardware foundation for realizing the integrated management and control of the "source network end" and the intelligent heating of hierarchical fine control and management.

2.采用性能可靠的动态压差平衡型电动调节阀,实现对管网的分级及各级管网环内压力无关的流量控制及负荷调节。控制阀始终具有100%的阀权度,可提供始终稳定的控制。2. The dynamic pressure difference balance type electric regulating valve with reliable performance is adopted to realize the grading of the pipe network and the flow control and load adjustment independent of the pressure in the pipe network at all levels. The control valve always has 100% valve authority, providing always stable control.

3.耦合通讯模块及智能控制技术,以及性能可靠的热计量仪表、压力变送器等,既可以实现热网不同层级用户多种用热需求的精细管控,又有利于热源及水泵的运行优化,最大程度地实现节能减排。3. Coupling communication modules and intelligent control technology, as well as reliable heat metering instruments, pressure transmitters, etc., can not only realize the fine management and control of various heat consumption needs of users at different levels of the heat network, but also facilitate the operation optimization of heat sources and pumps , to maximize energy saving and emission reduction.

4.耦合智能控制技术,将远传远控通讯模块(有线或无线通讯)耦合到所有监控点,可实现监控信息与远程服务器的交互传送。可结合控制单元的负荷预测与系统孪生模型仿真给出优化运行参考,实现系统分层分级精细管控的智慧供热,满足用户多种用热需求同时最大程度地实现节能减排。4. Coupling intelligent control technology, coupling the remote control communication module (wired or wireless communication) to all monitoring points, which can realize the interactive transmission of monitoring information and remote server. It can be combined with the load prediction of the control unit and the simulation of the system twin model to provide a reference for optimal operation, realize the intelligent heating of the system with hierarchical and fine management and control, and meet the various heating needs of users while maximizing energy conservation and emission reduction.

5.加装的控制设备及仪表均具备手动或自动、线上或线下、就地或远程、不同层级不同调节模式的切换功能,性能可靠,精度高。例如,热表测量精度不低于0.2%,室温传感器装置精度不低于0.1℃;控制阀始终具有100%的阀权度,提供始终稳定的控制。5. The installed control equipment and instruments all have the switching function of manual or automatic, online or offline, local or remote, and different adjustment modes at different levels, with reliable performance and high precision. For example, the measurement accuracy of the heat meter is not less than 0.2%, and the accuracy of the room temperature sensor device is not less than 0.1℃; the control valve always has 100% valve authority, providing always stable control.

6.锅炉直供系统,在热力入口采用动态压差平衡型电动调节阀进行改造,整个系统被分隔成若干个完全独立的控制环路。可实现各热力入口层级环内压力无关的流量精细调节与控制,即一级网直供系统改造升级成为准二级网。6. The boiler direct supply system is transformed with a dynamic pressure difference balance type electric regulating valve at the thermal inlet, and the whole system is divided into several completely independent control loops. It can realize the fine adjustment and control of the flow independent of the pressure in the ring of each thermal inlet level, that is, the direct supply system of the primary network is transformed and upgraded to a quasi-secondary network.

7.热力支路内部,同样采用动态压差平衡型电动调节阀,分隔成若干个完全独立的控制环路,可有效改善支路层级的水力不平衡及部分支路过度供热现象。7. Inside the thermal branch, the dynamic pressure difference balance type electric regulating valve is also used, which is divided into several completely independent control loops, which can effectively improve the hydraulic imbalance of the branch level and the excessive heating phenomenon of some branches.

8.供热末端,同样采用动态压差平衡型电动调节阀,结合户内分集水器及自方管控界面友好控制面板,可有效实现分时分区分温的精细管控,最大程度地节能并满足用热需求。8. At the heating end, the dynamic pressure difference balance type electric regulating valve is also used, combined with the indoor sub-catchment and the friendly control panel of the self-control interface, which can effectively realize the fine management and control of time-division and temperature-division, maximize energy saving and meet the needs of users. heat demand.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的供热管网分级改造结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical transformation structure of the heating pipe network of the present invention.

图2是能源站改造为准一级网的结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quasi-first-level network in the transformation of an energy station.

图3是供热入口改造为准二级网的结构示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quasi-secondary network transformed into the heating inlet.

图4是供热支路改造为准三级网的结构示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quasi-tertiary network in the reconstruction of the heating branch.

图5是供热末端改造为准四级网的结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quasi-four-level network reformed at the heating end.

图6是实施例供热系统所在区域示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the area where the heating system of the embodiment is located.

图7实施案例热力入口控制阀位特性曲线。Fig. 7 The characteristic curve of the thermal inlet control valve position of the implementation case.

图8a和图8b是实施案例两个供暖年度能源站燃气总量与电耗总量比较。Figures 8a and 8b are the comparison of the total gas consumption and the total electricity consumption of the two heating annual energy stations in the implementation case.

图9是实施案例改造前后能源站燃气日用量比较。Figure 9 is a comparison of the daily gas consumption of the energy station before and after the implementation of the case transformation.

图10是实施案例改造后能源站管控区域燃气节约率比较。Figure 10 shows the comparison of the gas saving rate in the energy station control area after the implementation of the case transformation.

图11是实施案例(B站)与采用传统节能方法的同类能源站(D站)比较。Figure 11 is a comparison of the implementation case (station B) with the same energy station (station D) using traditional energy-saving methods.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

本发明提供一种区域供热“源网末端”一体化管控的热力系统及节能改造方法。针对供热系统水力不平衡和过度供热的现象,对于既有热力管网进行多层分级,采用高性能的动态压差平衡电动调节装置,耦合智能控制技术,实现控制单元环内压力无关的流量控制及负荷调节。具体技术方案如图1-图5所示。The invention provides a thermal system and an energy-saving transformation method for integrated management and control of the "source network end" of district heating. In view of the phenomenon of hydraulic imbalance and excessive heating in the heating system, the existing heating pipe network is multi-layered, and a high-performance dynamic pressure difference balance electric adjustment device is used, coupled with intelligent control technology, to realize the pressure-independent control of the inner ring of the control unit. Flow control and load regulation. The specific technical solutions are shown in Figures 1-5.

首先,采用“源网末端”一体化分层分级精细管控节能改造的技术路线,针对供热系统水力不平衡和过度供热现象,对于既有热力管网进行多层分级管控改造。以天津某区域供热系统为例,既有系统为5台燃气锅炉直供末端用户的一级网供热系统,供热面积23万平。改造前的各个热力入口安装有静态平衡阀,对入口的流量进行了初调节,但再次调节阀门后无法保证整体管网的水力平衡,也无法进实现负荷随时间变化的动态调节;部分入口的内部支路没有安装任何水力调节装置,上下楼层存在着严重的水力不平衡;供热末端房间已安装的关断阀或分集水器也无法很好地实现供热末端的流量平衡和实时调节。进行改造的方法为:基于热力入口处的改造,将热力入口的一级网改造成准二级网,即相互没有影响的独立控制环路;热力支路和热力末端房间改造成为准三级网、准四级网,可实现控制单元环内压力无关的流量控制及负荷调节。First of all, adopt the technical route of “source network end” integrated layered and graded fine management and control of energy-saving transformation, and carry out multi-layered management and control transformation of the existing heating pipe network in response to the hydraulic imbalance and excessive heat supply in the heating system. Taking a district heating system in Tianjin as an example, the existing system is a primary network heating system with 5 gas-fired boilers directly supplying end users, with a heating area of 230,000 square meters. Before the renovation, each thermal inlet was installed with a static balance valve, which initially adjusted the flow of the inlet, but after adjusting the valve again, the hydraulic balance of the overall pipe network could not be guaranteed, and the dynamic adjustment of the load over time could not be achieved; There is no hydraulic adjustment device installed in the internal branch, and there is a serious hydraulic imbalance between the upper and lower floors; the shut-off valve or sub-catchment installed in the heating terminal room cannot well achieve the flow balance and real-time adjustment of the heating terminal. The transformation method is as follows: based on the transformation of the thermal inlet, the primary network of the thermal inlet is transformed into a quasi-secondary network, that is, an independent control loop that does not affect each other; the thermal branch and the thermal end room are transformed into a quasi-tertiary network. , Quasi-four-level network, which can realize flow control and load regulation independent of pressure in the control unit ring.

其次,管网分级改造包括加装性能可靠的动态压差平衡阀、热量表、压力表等,耦合智能控制技术,既可以实现对管网的分级,又可以实现各级管网环内压力无关的流量控制及负荷调节,有利于热源及水泵的运行优化,满足用户多种用热需求同时最大程度地节能减排。设备的具体布置方式为:以天津某区域供热系统为例,既有系统为5台燃气锅炉直供末端用户的供热系统,供热面积23万平。能源站内的改造,包括加装高性能的热量表、压力表,耦合智能控制技术,可实现锅炉负荷、水泵频率及水电气热等信息实时远传远监,有利于对热源及水泵运行优化;热力入口及内部管控热力支路,加装性能可靠的动态压差平衡阀、热量表、压力表等,耦合智能控制技术,可实现控制节点水力热力信息实时远传远监远控;热力末端用户,加装性能可靠的分集水器、动态压差平衡阀、热量表、压量表、室温传感器等,耦合智能控制技术,可实现控制节点水力热力信息的实时远传远监远控及故障诊断预警报警等功能。Secondly, the grading transformation of the pipeline network includes the installation of reliable dynamic differential pressure balance valves, heat meters, pressure gauges, etc., coupled with intelligent control technology, which can not only realize the classification of the pipeline network, but also realize that the pressure inside the pipe network at all levels is independent of the pressure. The optimal flow control and load regulation are beneficial to the operation optimization of the heat source and the water pump, meeting the various heat demands of users while maximizing energy conservation and emission reduction. The specific arrangement of the equipment is as follows: Taking a district heating system in Tianjin as an example, the existing system is a heating system with 5 gas-fired boilers directly supplying end-users, with a heating area of 230,000 square meters. The transformation of the energy station, including the installation of high-performance heat meters and pressure meters, coupled with intelligent control technology, can realize real-time remote monitoring of boiler load, pump frequency, water, electricity and heat, etc., which is conducive to the optimization of heat source and pump operation; The thermal inlet and internal control thermal branch are installed with reliable dynamic differential pressure balance valve, heat meter, pressure gauge, etc., coupled with intelligent control technology, which can realize real-time remote transmission and remote monitoring of hydraulic and thermal information of control nodes; thermal end users , install reliable sub-catchment, dynamic differential pressure balance valve, heat meter, pressure gauge, room temperature sensor, etc., coupled with intelligent control technology, can realize real-time remote transmission, remote monitoring and fault diagnosis of hydraulic and thermal information of control nodes Early warning and alarm functions.

因此改造后的一种集成管网分级与智能控制的区域供热系统,具体包括由供水管路和回水管路相互连通的准一级网、准二级网、准三级网和准四级网,见图1至图5;准一级网包括与供水管路和回水管路连接的锅炉,准一级网、准二级网、准三级网的供水管路上均设有流量计1和压力表4,准一级网的回水管路上设有水泵8和压力表4,准二级网、准三级网的回水管路上均安装有动态压差平衡阀5和压力表4,准四级网的回水管路上安装有动态压差平衡阀5和分集水器10;Therefore, a transformed district heating system integrating the classification of pipe networks and intelligent control includes a quasi-first-level network, a quasi-second-level network, a quasi-tertiary-level network and a quasi-four-level network interconnected by the water supply pipeline and the return water pipeline. See Figure 1 to Figure 5; the quasi-primary network includes boilers connected to the water supply pipeline and the return water pipeline, and the water supply pipelines of the quasi-primary network, the quasi-secondary network, and the quasi-tertiary network are equipped with flow meters 1 And the pressure gauge 4, the water pump 8 and the pressure gauge 4 are installed on the return pipeline of the quasi-first-level network, and the dynamic pressure balance valve 5 and the pressure gauge 4 are installed on the return pipeline of the quasi-secondary network and the quasi-tertiary network. A dynamic differential pressure balance valve 5 and a sub-catchment 10 are installed on the return pipeline of the four-stage network;

各级管网的供水管路和回水管路上均设置有温度传感器2,准一级网、准二级网、准三级网内均安装有与各流量计1和各温度传感器2相连的热量表3,还安装有与各动态压差平衡阀5、热量表3和压力表4相连的控制器6,控制器6与各自管网内的通讯模块7连接;准四级网内安装有触控显示模块12和室温传感器11,触控显示模块12与准四级网内的动态压差平衡阀5、温度传感器2、室温传感器11及通讯模块7连接,各个通讯模块7与监控平台通过有线和/或无线方式连接。Temperature sensors 2 are installed on the water supply pipelines and return water pipelines of the pipeline networks at all levels. The quasi-first-level network, the quasi-second-level network, and the quasi-tertiary-level network are equipped with heat connected to each flow meter 1 and each temperature sensor 2. Table 3, a controller 6 connected to each dynamic differential pressure balance valve 5, heat meter 3 and pressure gauge 4 is also installed, and the controller 6 is connected to the communication module 7 in the respective pipe network; Control display module 12 and room temperature sensor 11, touch display module 12 is connected with dynamic differential pressure balance valve 5, temperature sensor 2, room temperature sensor 11 and communication module 7 in the quasi-quad-level network, and each communication module 7 is connected to the monitoring platform by wired connection and/or wireless connection.

对于上述动态压差平衡阀,是一个集压差控制器与电动调节阀为一体的动态压差平衡型电动调节阀。1)具有动态平衡功能。只要保持系统资用压力足够,控制单元内可根据负荷变化要求通过电动实时调节,不论系统压力如何变化,阀门都能够动态地平衡系统的阻力,使其流量不受系统压力波动的影响而保持需求值。整个系统分为相互没有影响的独立控制环路。整个系统对于多环路系统,任何一个环路的调节都不会对其它环路产生干扰,同时任何一个环路都不会受到其它环路调节的影响,系统越大,这种动态平衡的特性就越明显,每一个环路只受自己区域负荷变化的影响,而不受系统压力波动的影响,因此很容易达到并维持平衡状态。2)具有优良的电动调节功能。控制单元内只受标准控制信号的影响,而不受系统压力波动的影响,使系统调节更稳定,更节能,特别适用于系统负荷变化较大的变流量系统中。3)优化水泵设置。由于该阀门可实现控制单元内的动态压差平衡,确保其他末端用户在进行调节时,管网整体水力工况产生的变化不会造成局部末端的流量变化,实现环内压力无关的流量控制,从而避免水力失调造成的能源浪费。系统所需的水泵扬程和流量远低于传统系统。For the above-mentioned dynamic differential pressure balance valve, it is a dynamic differential pressure balance type electric regulating valve which integrates a differential pressure controller and an electric regulating valve. 1) With dynamic balance function. As long as the system capital pressure is maintained enough, the control unit can be adjusted in real time according to the load change requirements. No matter how the system pressure changes, the valve can dynamically balance the resistance of the system, so that the flow rate is not affected by the system pressure fluctuation and maintains the demand. value. The entire system is divided into independent control loops that do not affect each other. For a multi-loop system, the adjustment of any one loop will not interfere with other loops, and any loop will not be affected by the adjustment of other loops. The larger the system, the more dynamic balance it is. It is more obvious that each loop is only affected by the load changes in its own area and not affected by the system pressure fluctuation, so it is easy to reach and maintain the equilibrium state. 2) It has excellent electric adjustment function. The control unit is only affected by the standard control signal, not by the system pressure fluctuation, which makes the system regulation more stable and energy-saving, especially suitable for variable flow systems with large system load changes. 3) Optimize the pump settings. Because the valve can realize the dynamic pressure difference balance in the control unit, it can ensure that when other end users are adjusting, the change of the overall hydraulic working condition of the pipe network will not cause the flow change of the local end, and realize the flow control independent of the pressure in the ring. Thereby avoiding energy waste caused by hydraulic imbalance. The pump head and flow required by the system are much lower than traditional systems.

最后,耦合智能控制技术,将远传远控通讯模块耦合到所有监控平台,通过装在其中的远传通讯模块(有线或无线通讯),实现监控信息与远程服务器的交互传送,结合控制单元的负荷预测与系统孪生模型仿真给出优化运行参考,实现系统分层分级精细管控的智慧供热,满足用户多种用热需求同时最大程度地实现节能减排。Finally, the intelligent control technology is coupled, and the remote communication module is coupled to all monitoring platforms, and the remote communication module (wired or wireless communication) installed in it realizes the interactive transmission of monitoring information and the remote server. Load forecasting and system twin model simulation provide a reference for optimal operation, realize intelligent heating with hierarchical and fine-grained management and control of the system, meet users' various heat demands while maximizing energy conservation and emission reduction.

另外,加装的控制设备及仪表均具备手动或自动、线上或线下、就地或远程、不同层级不同调节模式的切换功能,性能可靠,精度高。例如,热表测量精度不低于0.2%,室温传感器装置精度不低于0.1℃;控制阀始终具有100%的阀权度,提供始终稳定的控制。In addition, the installed control equipment and instruments all have the switching function of manual or automatic, online or offline, local or remote, and different adjustment modes at different levels, with reliable performance and high precision. For example, the measurement accuracy of the heat meter is not less than 0.2%, and the accuracy of the room temperature sensor device is not less than 0.1℃; the control valve always has 100% valve authority, providing always stable control.

具体的,以天津某校园区域供热系统为例,一种集成管网分级与智能控制的区域供热系统节能改造方法的具体实施方式如下:Specifically, taking the district heating system of a campus in Tianjin as an example, the specific implementation of a district heating system energy-saving transformation method integrating pipe network classification and intelligent control is as follows:

该系统于2019-2020供暖季在天津某校园区域供热系统实现了应用,该供热系统所在区域示意图如图6所示。对该能源站所属28个热力入口实现了源网一体化智能化管控,精确验证了综合节能20-30%的理论分析结果,为最终实现60-70%的节能目标奠定了基础。参见图7-图11,其中图7实施案例各个热力入口控制阀位特性曲线;图8a和图8b是实施案例两个供暖年度能源站燃气总量与电耗总量比较;图9是实施案例改造前后能源站燃气日用量比较;图10是实施案例改造后能源站管控区域燃气节约率比较;图11是实施案例(B站)与采用传统节能方法的同类能源站(D站)比较。The system was implemented in the district heating system of a campus in Tianjin during the 2019-2020 heating season. The schematic diagram of the area where the heating system is located is shown in Figure 6. The 28 thermal inlets belonging to the energy station have realized the integrated intelligent management and control of the source and network, which has accurately verified the theoretical analysis results of the comprehensive energy saving of 20-30%, and laid the foundation for the final realization of the energy-saving target of 60-70%. Referring to Figures 7-11, the characteristic curves of each thermal inlet control valve position in the implementation case of Figure 7; Figures 8a and 8b are the comparison of the total gas consumption and the total electricity consumption of the two heating annual energy stations in the implementation case; Figure 9 is the implementation case Comparison of the daily gas consumption of the energy station before and after the transformation; Figure 10 is the comparison of the gas saving rate in the energy station management and control area after the implementation of the case transformation; Figure 11 is the comparison of the implementation case (station B) and the similar energy station (station D) using traditional energy-saving methods.

采用分层分级精细管控分阶段节能改造的理念,4台燃气锅炉直供用户的一级网改造成热力入口可监控可远传远控的准二级网,热力支路实现三级网、局部到热力末端独立房间的四级网智慧管控。Adopting the concept of staged energy-saving transformation of hierarchical and fine management and control, the first-level network of 4 gas-fired boilers directly supplied to users is transformed into a quasi-secondary network that can be monitored and controlled remotely by the thermal inlet, and the thermal branch realizes three-level network, local Four-level network intelligent management and control to the independent room at the thermal end.

该热力管网系统具体技术改造主要包括,(1)能源站:站内总供回水管加装DN500的超声波热量表,最小测量流量为7.375m3/h(精度0.18%);(2)热力入口:28个热力入口,更换口径范围为DN80-DN150的热量表,测量精度0.18%。回水管加装口径范围为DN80-DN150的动态压差平衡型电动调节阀实现水力平衡及调控;(3)热力入口内部的热力支路:严重水力失调过度供热支路回水管加装DN100或DN65的动态压差平衡型电动调节阀;(4)热力末端房间:选择供热管网末端支路的代表性房间,更换分集水器和加装口径为DN32、DN25、DN25的动态压差平衡型电动调节阀,加装温湿度传感器,测量精度0.1℃。The specific technical transformation of the heat pipe network system mainly includes: (1) Energy station: the total water supply and return pipes in the station are equipped with DN500 ultrasonic heat meters, with a minimum measurement flow of 7.375m 3 /h (accuracy 0.18%); (2) heat inlet : 28 thermal inlets, replace the heat meter with a diameter range of DN80-DN150, the measurement accuracy is 0.18%. The return pipe is equipped with a dynamic pressure difference balance type electric regulating valve with a diameter range of DN80-DN150 to realize hydraulic balance and regulation; (3) Thermal branch inside the thermal inlet: serious hydraulic imbalance and excessive heating branch return pipe is installed with DN100 or DN65 dynamic differential pressure balance type electric regulating valve; (4) Thermal terminal room: select the representative room of the branch at the end of the heating pipe network, replace the sub-catchment and install the dynamic differential pressure balance with the diameter of DN32, DN25 and DN25 Type electric control valve, equipped with temperature and humidity sensor, the measurement accuracy is 0.1 ℃.

另外,耦合通讯模块及智能控制技术,以及性能可靠的压力变送器等。将远传远控通讯模块(有线或无线通讯)耦合到所有监控点,可实现监控信息与远程服务器的交互传送。In addition, coupling communication modules and intelligent control technology, as well as pressure transmitters with reliable performance, etc. The remote transmission and remote control communication module (wired or wireless communication) is coupled to all monitoring points, which can realize the interactive transmission of monitoring information and remote server.

结合控制单元的负荷预测与系统孪生模型仿真给出优化运行参考,既可以实现热网不同层级用户多种用热需求的精细管控,又有利于热源及水泵的运行优化,满足用户多种用热需求同时最大程度地实现节能减排。Combined with the load prediction of the control unit and the simulation of the system twin model, the optimal operation reference is given, which can not only realize the fine management and control of the various heat demand of users at different levels of the heat network, but also facilitate the optimization of the operation of the heat source and water pump to meet the various heat consumption of users. Demand while maximizing energy conservation and emission reduction.

该实施案例于2019-2020供暖季实施了第一阶段节能改造,经历了前期勘查、前期模拟及分析、热网智能化改造、系统信号调试等一系列进程,初期已实现了总站及28个楼宇热力入口的智慧管控(未管控入口负荷占比18.9%)。This implementation case implemented the first stage of energy-saving renovation in the heating season of 2019-2020. It has gone through a series of processes such as preliminary investigation, preliminary simulation and analysis, intelligent transformation of heating network, and system signal debugging. At the initial stage, the main station and 28 buildings have been realized. Smart management and control of thermal inlets (18.9% of uncontrolled inlet loads).

基于能源站里水电气表的计量(含未管控高区,设计负荷占比13.5%),分析2019-2020本项目实施效果,并与2018-2019改造前比较。能耗对比分析中,进行了不同阶段的比较,包括两个年度的整个供暖季比较、学期时段及假期时段的同期比较。Based on the metering of the water and electricity meters in the energy station (including the uncontrolled high area, the design load accounts for 13.5%), the implementation effect of the project in 2019-2020 is analyzed and compared with that before the transformation in 2018-2019. In the comparative analysis of energy consumption, comparisons at different stages were carried out, including the comparison of the entire heating season of the two years, the comparison of the same period during the semester period and the holiday period.

2019-2020供暖年度,燃气用量135.62万方,电用量32.5万kWh,水用量5325吨,三项折合单耗7.585kg标煤/m3。相比上个供暖年度,燃气用量减少47.25万方,耗电量减少9.6万kWh,两项折合减少碳排放1100吨。相比2018-2019供暖季,2019-2020燃气用量减少25.66%,电用量减少22.87%,具体如图8a和8b所示。In the heating year from 2019 to 2020, the gas consumption was 1.3562 million cubic meters, the electricity consumption was 325,000 kWh, and the water consumption was 5,325 tons. Compared with the previous heating year, the gas consumption decreased by 472,500 cubic meters, and the electricity consumption decreased by 96,000 kWh, which is equivalent to a reduction of 1,100 tons of carbon emissions. Compared with the 2018-2019 heating season, the gas consumption in 2019-2020 decreased by 25.66%, and the electricity consumption decreased by 22.87%, as shown in Figures 8a and 8b.

图9是实施案例改造前后能源站燃气日用量比较,图10是实施案例改造后能源站管控区域燃气节约率比较。相比上年度,考虑供暖时长因素、考虑气象因素、未管控入口因素,本发明专利技术实施第一阶段燃气节约率为31.07%。Figure 9 is the comparison of the daily gas consumption of the energy station before and after the implementation of the case transformation, and Figure 10 is the comparison of the gas saving rate in the energy station management and control area after the implementation of the case transformation. Compared with the previous year, considering the factors of heating time, meteorological factors, and uncontrolled entrance factors, the gas saving rate in the first stage of the implementation of the patented technology of the present invention is 31.07%.

项目实施节能改造费用,主要包括热力系统改造费用和通讯管控平台软硬件费用,实施案例的投资回收年限为2-3年。The cost of energy-saving renovation of the project mainly includes the cost of thermal system renovation and the cost of software and hardware of the communication management and control platform. The investment recovery period of the implementation case is 2-3 years.

表1本实施例能源站燃气/电/水消耗Table 1 Consumption of gas/electricity/water in the energy station of this embodiment

Figure BDA0002693870980000071

Figure BDA0002693870980000071

2019-2020供暖年度的日燃气用量明显降低,供暖中后期的节能效果尤为显著。尤其供暖末期叠加寒假,采用间隙供暖及末端补偿,能源站锅炉和水泵均超低负荷运行,相比连续供暖及上年度同期,日燃气用量大幅降低。The daily gas consumption in the heating year from 2019 to 2020 has been significantly reduced, and the energy saving effect in the middle and later stages of heating is particularly significant. Especially during the winter vacation at the end of the heating period, the use of intermittent heating and terminal compensation, the boilers and water pumps of the energy station are operated at ultra-low load, and the daily gas consumption is greatly reduced compared with the continuous heating and the same period of the previous year.

表2实施案例能源站燃气量两个供暖年度不同时段同期比较Table 2 Comparison of the gas volume of the energy station in the two heating years at different times during the same period of the implementation case

Figure BDA0002693870980000072

Figure BDA0002693870980000072

*对照组为上个供暖年度同期,且同属学期或寒假*The control group is the same period of the last heating year, and both belong to the semester or winter vacation

实施案例(B站)与采用传统节能方法的同类能源站(D站)比较。两个供热站热力系统基本特征相同,同时期建设,同样运维人员,同属校园综合楼宇建筑群,其中B站采用本发明的技术方案,D站采用传统节能方法。相比上年度,2019-2020年度B站电量和燃气用量降低幅度明显高于D站。折合标煤单耗B站2019-2020年度为7.59kg/㎡,比节能改造前2018-2019年度降低25.6%。D站采用传统节能方法,2019-2020年度比2018-2019年度降低10.7%。因此,B站采用本发明技术方案,相比D站采用传统节能方法综合节能率高出14.9%,具体如图11所示。The implementation case (station B) is compared with a similar energy station (station D) using traditional energy-saving methods. The basic characteristics of the thermal systems of the two heating stations are the same. They are constructed at the same period and have the same operation and maintenance personnel. They belong to the campus complex. Station B adopts the technical solution of the present invention, and station D adopts the traditional energy-saving method. Compared with the previous year, in 2019-2020, the reduction in electricity and gas consumption of station B was significantly higher than that of station D. The unit consumption of standard coal at Station B in 2019-2020 is 7.59kg/㎡, which is 25.6% lower than that in 2018-2019 before the energy-saving renovation. Station D adopts traditional energy-saving methods, which is 10.7% lower in 2019-2020 than in 2018-2019. Therefore, the comprehensive energy saving rate of station B using the technical solution of the present invention is 14.9% higher than that of station D using the traditional energy saving method, as shown in FIG. 11 .

表3实施案例能源站(B站)和同类能源站(D站)比较Table 3 Comparison of energy stations (station B) and similar energy stations (station D) in the implementation case

Figure BDA0002693870980000081

Figure BDA0002693870980000081

综上,实施案例采用本发明技术方案,集成管网分级与智能控制技术,4台燃气锅炉直供用户的一级网改造成为各热力入口运行状况可实时监控且远传的准二级网,部分入口内部支路实现三级网、局部到末端独立房间的四级网智慧管控。用户反馈,该技术可以极大地改善温度失调问题,投资少且节能效果显著。足不出户就可以解决供暖问题,同时节约大量的人力物力,破解了运营人员水平低导致的能耗过高、供热不平衡等问题,极大降低了运维工作量和工作强度。该实践成果可推广应用于热网用户较为复杂的情况下供热的精细化管控,最终实现较大幅度的节能减排。To sum up, the implementation case adopts the technical scheme of the present invention, which integrates the classification of the pipe network and the intelligent control technology. The primary network of the four gas-fired boilers directly supplied to the user is transformed into a quasi-secondary network that can monitor the operation status of each thermal inlet in real time and transmit it remotely. Part of the internal branches of the entrance realize the intelligent management and control of the three-level network and the four-level network from the local to the terminal independent room. According to user feedback, this technology can greatly improve the temperature imbalance problem, with low investment and significant energy saving effect. The heating problem can be solved without leaving home, while saving a lot of manpower and material resources, solving the problems of excessive energy consumption and unbalanced heating caused by the low level of operators, and greatly reducing the workload and intensity of operation and maintenance. The practical results can be applied to the refined management and control of heating in the case of complex heating network users, and ultimately achieve a larger energy saving and emission reduction.

本发明并不限于上文描述的实施方式。以上对具体实施方式的描述旨在描述和说明本发明的技术方案,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,并不是限制性的。在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下还可做出很多形式的具体变换,这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The above description of the specific embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned specific embodiments are only illustrative and not restrictive. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many specific transformations under the inspiration of the present invention, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.