CN112796735A - Logging probe - Google Patents

The invention relates to a logging probe, comprising: a conventional combined probe, an acoustic wave combined probe and a short-section probe; the conventional combined probe tube, the acoustic wave combined probe tube and the short section probe tube are connected in series based on preset connection positions; the conventional combined probe is at least used for measuring natural potential, well diameter, well deviation, resistivity and well temperature in a mine; the sound wave combined probe is at least used for measuring current and sound velocity sound amplitude in the mine; the short-section probe is at least used for measuring gamma radiation quantity in the mine and density parameters of the mine. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the integration level is improved on the basis of the existing technical principle of the forming independent logging, so that the logging efficiency is improved, the loss of equipment is reduced, the logging cost is reduced, and the logging time is shortened.

Logging probe

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine exploration, and particularly relates to a logging exploring tube.

Background

At present, the technology for logging uranium ores soaked in sandstone in China is derived from geophysical logging of oil fields and coal fields, a single-parameter logging mode is adopted for a long time, and data required by interpretation can be acquired only by sequentially and independently logging by using a plurality of probe tubes such as a density combination probe tube, a quantitative gamma probe tube, a natural potential probe tube, a well deviation probe tube, a sound wave probe tube and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of long time, low efficiency, high cost and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a logging probe which has the characteristics of high integration level, high logging efficiency, reduced equipment loss, reduced logging cost, reduced logging time and the like.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a logging sonde, comprising: a conventional combined probe, an acoustic wave combined probe and a short-section probe;

the conventional combined probe tube, the acoustic wave combined probe tube and the short section probe tube are connected in series based on preset connection positions;

the conventional combined probe is at least used for measuring natural potential, well diameter, well deviation, resistivity and well temperature in a mine;

the sound wave combined probe is at least used for measuring current and sound velocity sound amplitude in a mine;

the short section probe is at least used for measuring gamma radiation quantity in a mine and density parameters of the mine.

Furthermore, the conventional combined probe comprises a well temperature probe, a three-lateral resistivity probe, a natural potential probe, a well deviation probe and a well diameter probe which are sequentially connected in series.

The sound wave combined probe further comprises a protective shell, wherein the protective shell is made of lead-tin combined materials and covers the conventional combined probe, the sound wave combined probe and the short section probe.

Further, the well casing is made of a non-magnetic material to protect the internal angle sensor from interference.

Furthermore, the support in the well slant detection pipe is made of nonmagnetic duralumin materials, and the well slant detection pipe body is made of nonmagnetic titanium alloy materials.

Furthermore, the sound wave combination probe tube comprises a sound velocity sound amplitude probe tube and a current probe tube which are sequentially connected in series.

Further, the short section probe tube comprises a quantitative gamma probe tube and a density probe tube which are sequentially connected in series.

Further, the short section probe tube comprises a density probe tube and a gamma energy spectrum probe tube which are sequentially connected in series.

Furthermore, the natural potential probe uses a lead electrode, and polysulfone insulating materials are adopted on two sides of the lead electrode.

Further, the well temperature probe adopts a semiconductor thermometer.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the conventional combined probe, the acoustic wave combined probe and the short-section probe are connected in series, so that the parameters in the mine such as natural potential, well diameter, well deviation, resistivity, well temperature, current, acoustic amplitude, gamma radiation amount, density parameters of the mine and the like can be measured at one time, and the integration level is improved on the basis of the existing forming independent logging technical principle, so that the logging efficiency is improved, the loss of equipment is reduced, and the logging cost and the logging time are reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a logging sonde provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of a conventional combination probe provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a connection diagram of a sonic combination probe provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;

fig. 4 is a circuit block diagram of a conventional combination probe provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

In the figure, 1-short section probe; 2-connecting a serial port; 3-a well diameter probe; 4-a well slant probe; 5-a natural potential probe; 6-three lateral resistivity probes; 7-well temperature detecting tube; 8-upper short section; 9-acoustic amplitude sound velocity probe tube; 10-current probe; 11-upper joint; 12-reserving an interface; 13-a polysulfone insulating segment; 14-stainless steel AP electrode; 15-gamma and three lateral circuit boards; 16-an intermediate joint; 17-a gamma detector; 18-natural potential and inclinometer circuit board; 19-a lead electrode; 20-an inclinometer sensor; 21-heating a resistance sensor; 22-a well temperature and well diameter circuit board; 23-well diameter structure; 24-a caliper arm; 25-lower joint.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a logging sonde, including: a conventional combined probe, an acoustic wave combined probe and a short-section probe;

the conventional combined probe tube, the acoustic wave combined probe tube and the short section probe tube are connected in series based on preset connection positions;

the conventional combined probe is at least used for measuring natural potential, well diameter, well deviation, resistivity and well temperature in a mine;

the sound wave combined probe is at least used for measuring current and sound velocity sound amplitude in the mine;

the short-section probe is at least used for measuring gamma radiation quantity in the mine and density parameters of the mine.

Specifically, according to drilling characteristics and well formation requirements of uranium ores, acquisition parameters required by uranium ore well logging are optimized and combined, parameters with good application effects are optimized, meanwhile, the requirements of uranium ore mining and metallurgy measurement are considered, and finally 9 well logging parameters are determined, namely quantitative gamma, density, natural potential, well diameter, well deviation, resistivity, well temperature, current and sound wave. The method comprises the steps of monitoring 5 parameters of natural potential, well diameter, well deviation, resistivity and well temperature as objects detected by a conventional combined probe, detecting 2 parameters of current and sound velocity amplitude as objects detected by a sound wave combined probe, using quantitative gamma and density parameters as independent short section probes, and enabling the sound wave combined probe and the short section probes to be freely connected in series to the conventional combined probe according to requirements for use. The design scheme can improve the circuit integration level to the maximum extent, shorten the length of the probe tube and ensure that various parameters are not interfered with each other in the measurement process.

Specific meanings of various parameters include:

1) quantitative gamma

As the most common geophysical method for internationally measuring uranium mine geology, gamma well logging can intuitively and accurately detect the distribution condition of underground radioactive minerals. The gamma logging probe tube after calibration can judge the uranium content according to the radiation intensity of the ore body to be measured, and the thickness of the emitter can be observed from the logging curve visually, so that a reliable theoretical basis is provided for subsequent mining and construction. The most important point is that uranium ore reserves are calculated according to the measured radioactive intensity and the thickness of an ore body, and the method plays an extremely important role in northern sandstone type uranium ore exploration.

2) Natural potential

Natural potential logging, one of the earliest methods of exploration for analyzing formation information in wells, is a critical item of sandstone-shale profile analysis. Under the condition of no external power supply, the muddy and non-muddy geological structures are distinguished by measuring M, N electrode potential difference in the well. The concentration of ions in the formation water from which hydrocarbons are removed and the concentration of ions in the mud in the borehole are different, and due to the concentration difference, ions of higher concentration are transferred to ions of lower concentration, thus forming an electric current. The natural potential is the height of the measured potential to distinguish the rock medium.

3) Hole diameter

Caliper is the measure of the size of the borehole. Such as a borehole drilled with a 100mm drill bit, the measured hole diameter is either 100mm, or greater than 100mm (called hole enlargement), or less than 100mm (called hole reduction). The measured hole diameter is a visual sense of the size of the drilled borehole. The hole diameter arm is pushed away by the direct current motor, the limit switch is triggered to cut off the power of the motor after the hole diameter arm reaches a set position, the motor stops working, the hole diameter arm is driven by the spring to change along with the size of the drilled hole diameter, the hole diameter arm is connected with the pull rod potentiometer, direct current voltage is supplied to the pull rod potentiometer, and therefore the change of the hole diameter is converted into the change of the voltage.

4) Well deviation

Well deviation at a certain depth in a well can be represented by two angular values: one is the angle of the well axis from vertical, called the dip angle; the other is the angle between the projection of the well axis on the horizontal plane and the magnetic north direction, called azimuth. Well deviation measurements are the dip and azimuth of the well and are used to determine the dip of the seam and to calculate or correct the seam thickness.

5) Resistivity of

The resistivity is divided into micro-lateral, bi-lateral and tri-lateral, which differ in depth of investigation, with deep lateral being the largest in depth of investigation, shallow lateral being the second, and micro-lateral being the smallest. In the case of high-salinity mud or in the drilling of high-resistance stratum, only a small part of the supply current of the common resistivity logging method flows through the stratum, and the measurement result hardly reflects the resistivity change of the stratum accurately. The lateral logging adopts a method of focusing the power supply current, the current flowing out of the main electrode approximately vertically flows into the stratum, the influence of well fluid and low-resistance rock stratum on the calculated resistivity is reduced, the measured and calculated apparent resistivity is closer to the real resistivity of the rock stratum, the measuring curve has large gradient and good symmetry, and the lateral logging has good effects on dividing the ore bed and the thin ore bed and researching the structure of the ore bed.

6) Density of

The density is measured by a radioactive source that emits energetic particles into the formation to bombard the atoms of the formation, and is density per unit volume of rock, including solids and fluids. The density probe is mainly used for measuring the density of an ore bed and the positions of the interfaces of cement, fine gravel materials and coarse gravel materials when the ground immersion mining drill hole is formed into a well.

7) Well temperature

Well temperature logging, also known as thermal logging, can measure the earth temperature gradient; the method comprises the following steps of searching a well section for producing liquid in a liquid production well, and searching an injected well section in an injection well; for a thermal oil production well, the steam injection effect can be checked through the well temperature measurement of an adjacent well; the effect of fracture acidizing construction and the like can be evaluated. In uranium mine exploration, well temperature logging is mainly used for judging the position of a cement interface after well formation.

8) Sonic amplitude

The propagation velocity of the acoustic wave is different in different formations. The sonic velocity probe emits a sonic wave downhole through the probe, which propagates from the mud to the formation, which records the time t (depending on lithology and porosity) required for the sonic wave to travel through a 1m formation as a function of depth. The denser the rock, the smaller the time difference, the looser the rock, the greater the porosity, the greater the time difference. In the fracture zone or fissure zone of the tight rock formation, when sound waves pass through, sound wave energy is greatly absorbed and attenuated, so that the sound wave time difference is rapidly increased, and the characteristic of cycle skip is sometimes generated.

9) Electric current

When the internal resistance of the power supply line is small and the power supply electrode passes through rock strata with different resistivities in the well, the power supply current changes along with the change of the grounding resistance of the electrode. When the grounding resistance is increased, the current is reduced; and vice versa. The method of recording this current change is called recording a galvanic log. The method is mainly used for explaining the well cementation quality in uranium mining and metallurgy, and is used for determining the PVP floral tube position, the drilling water level height and the like.

The conventional combined probe, the acoustic wave combined probe and the short-section probe are connected in series, so that the parameters in the mine such as natural potential, well diameter, well deviation, resistivity, well temperature, current, acoustic amplitude, gamma radiation amount, density parameters of the mine and the like in the mine can be measured at one time, and the integration level is improved on the basis of the existing forming independent logging technical principle, so that the logging efficiency is improved, the loss of equipment is reduced, and the logging cost and the logging time are reduced.

Various parameters are concentrated in a limited space of a probe tube, the influence of interference factors exists, and the requirements of different parameters on the measurement environment are different. The drilling top angle and the drilling azimuth angle are measured by using the geomagnetic field, a magnetic field sensor adopted for measurement is a magnetic sensitive device, various magnetic fields such as electromagnetic induction caused by steel structures around the sensor and a transformer, a coil and a power-on parallel wire in an electronic circuit, noise of a power supply and the like can influence the reliability of a measurement result, so that a bracket material inside a probe near a well inclination measurement module is made of a nonmagnetic hard aluminum material, an external sleeve structure is also made of a nonmagnetic titanium alloy material, the well inclination sensor and a well inclination measurement circuit are far away from other circuit modules in the probe, and the influence of an interference magnetic field on the measurement of the drilling top angle and the drilling azimuth angle is effectively reduced.

The sound wave combined probe tube combines 2 parameters such as sound velocity amplitude, current and the like, mainly plays a role in well cementation measurement in uranium mining and metallurgy logging, and is used for measuring drilling quality parameters such as cement, fine gravel material and coarse gravel material interface positions and water levels.

Uranium ore exploration logging is different from oil logging, and its bore diameter is mostly about 100mm, for small-bore logging, consequently the design of exploring tube structure must realize the miniaturization to satisfy uranium ore exploration logging actual work's needs. By optimizing the mechanical structure design, the volume of the probe tube is reduced to the maximum extent.

The quantitative gamma probe, the density probe and the gamma energy spectrum probe can be combined to quantitatively divide the grade and the thickness of a uranium ore layer by adopting an FD-3019 probe, can be connected and carried in a detachable mode, does not influence the regular calibration of the probe, and is very convenient to use.

The density probe tube and the quantitative gamma probe tube are mutually influenced, so that the density probe tube and the quantitative gamma probe tube are independently designed into the short sections which can be connected in series, the density probe tube is mainly used for measuring a finished well during uranium mine exploration and can be matched with the quantitative gamma probe tube for use, the gamma probe tube is connected in series during open well measurement, and the density probe tube is connected in series during finished well measurement.

The gamma energy spectrum probe tube is mainly applied to uranium-thorium mixed ore exploration to distinguish the content of uranium-thorium.

The well diameter arm pushing part is basically located in the middle of the probe, and the center of gravity of the probe is just in the middle of the probe when the probe is pushed to measure the well diameter and the three lateral resistivities, so that the probe can be kept balanced in the well logging process.

Placing the well deviation measurement above the quantitative gamma is beneficial to keep the probe balanced during logging.

The natural potential measuring electrode is positioned in the middle part and is used for reducing the smooth pressing of the metal shell of the probe tube on the natural potential as much as possible, the lead electrode is adopted as the natural potential electrode, the self-excitation potential of lead is low, the relative price is low, and the performance-price ratio is high. The polysulfone insulating materials are used on the two sides of the lead electrode, so that the lead electrode is high in strength and good in insulating property.

The well temperature detecting pipe is positioned at the uppermost part, and the well temperature detecting pipe uses a semiconductor thermometer, so that the structure is simple and short, and the total length of the combined pipe is not influenced.

The three-lateral resistivity probe is positioned at the lower part of the well temperature, and the characteristics that the longer the shielding electrode is, the better the measured resistivity curve is are mainly considered; however, due to the size limitation of the instrument, the resistivity probe tube arranged at the uppermost part can be used as an upper shielding electrode by virtue of a cable connector, so that the length of one shielding electrode is saved, and the total length of the combined probe tube is shortened as much as possible.

In some embodiments of the invention, in order to facilitate the study of the influence of coupling interference among the parameters, the parameters are designed into independent probe tubes, and the connectable socket is designed.

The conventional combined exploring tube is mainly formed by combining 5 pups with different parameters, namely upper pups, well temperature, three lateral resistivity, natural potential, well deviation and well diameter. Each short section can be connected by a serial port, the upper part of the instrument can be hung with a bridle, and the lower part of the instrument can be continuously connected with the instrument with the same mechanical interface.

The sound wave combined probe tube is mainly formed by combining an upper short section, a sound velocity amplitude and a current short section with 2 parameters. The upper part of the instrument can be hung with a bridle, and the lower part can be connected with the same mechanical interface instrument.

The quantitative gamma and density parameters are used as single short joints, and can be freely connected in series to the combined probe tube through the upper short joint for use.

In order to protect the internal structure of the logging probe tube from being influenced, a protective shell made of lead-tin composite materials can be arranged outside the logging, so that the integrity and the safety of the internal structure can be guaranteed while accurate measurement is realized.

Referring to the hardware circuit design of each part shown in fig. 4, as the length of the combined probe does not exceed 3m in the specific use process and structural parts occupying more length sizes, such as resistivity electrodes, inclination measurement, well diameter and the like, need to be placed, the scheme of external short circuit subdivision is abandoned. The comprehensive consideration adopts whole probe structure, and the scheme that the internal circuit subdivides the module, and the subdivision of whole instrument module into 3 groups of modularization includes: the system comprises a gamma three-lateral resistivity module, an automatic inclination measuring module and a well diameter and well temperature module.

Can put the measurement when hanging FD3019 short circuit during specific use: natural potential, apex angle, azimuth, temperature, quantitative gamma; lifting measurement: three lateral resistivities, well diameters, quantitative gamma (wall adherence). When articulating the density short circuit, transfer and measure: natural potential, apex angle, azimuth, temperature, density (not adherent), uplift measurement: three lateral resistivity, well diameter, density (wall attachment). The person skilled in the art can select the application according to the actual situation, and the invention is not limited herein.

The logging probe provided by the above embodiment of the present invention is based on 9 logging parameters of logging: quantifying gamma, density, natural potential, well diameter, well deviation, resistivity, well temperature, current, acoustic, etc. The method is characterized in that 5 parameters such as natural potential, well diameter, well deviation, resistivity and well temperature are used as a conventional combined probe, 2 parameters such as current and sound velocity amplitude are used as a sound wave combined probe, quantitative gamma and density parameters are used as independent short sections, and the single short sections can be freely connected to the combined probe in series according to requirements for use. The design scheme can improve the circuit integration level to the maximum extent, shorten the length of the probe tube and ensure that various parameters are not interfered with each other in the measurement process, thereby improving the logging speed, reducing the logging cost and improving the logging efficiency.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

What has been described above includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the aforementioned embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term "includes" is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising" as "comprising" is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean a "non-exclusive or".

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.