CN115317070B - Total knee replacement tibia osteotomy front-rear inclination osteotomy regulator - Google Patents

本发明公开一种全膝置换胫骨截骨前后倾截骨调节器，包括支撑杆，所述支撑杆的一侧设有脚趾定位部，另一侧滑动设有调节杆，所述调节杆上设有连接板，所述连接板一侧设有截骨导向模块，所述截骨导向模块通过调节件与所述连接板连接，所述截骨导向模块包括定位块和导向块，所述定位块与所述调节件可拆卸连接，本发明通过使导向块与定位块的相对位置改变后，导向定位通道的形成一定的角度差，并利用此角度差可直观的计算或判断出导向块上截骨导向槽的倾斜角度，以及相对于胫骨水平方向的角度差，不仅可精准的调整截骨导向槽的导向角度，还可调整截骨导向槽在水平方向的平衡，以此实现精准的提高截骨的效果和精度。

The present invention discloses an anterior-posterior tilt osteotomy adjuster for tibial osteotomy in total knee replacement, comprising a support rod, one side of the support rod is provided with a toe positioning portion, and the other side is slidably provided with an adjusting rod, the adjusting rod is provided with a connecting plate, one side of the connecting plate is provided with an osteotomy guide module, the osteotomy guide module is connected to the connecting plate through an adjusting piece, the osteotomy guide module comprises a positioning block and a guide block, and the positioning block is detachably connected to the adjusting piece. The present invention forms a certain angle difference in the guide positioning channel after the relative position of the guide block and the positioning block is changed, and the angle difference relative to the horizontal direction of the tibia can be intuitively calculated or judged by using this angle difference, so that not only the guiding angle of the osteotomy guide groove can be accurately adjusted, but also the balance of the osteotomy guide groove in the horizontal direction can be adjusted, so as to achieve accurate improvement of the osteotomy effect and accuracy.

Total knee replacement tibia osteotomy front-rear inclination osteotomy regulator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical orthopaedics, in particular to a total knee replacement tibia osteotomy regulator capable of tilting forwards and backwards

Background

The total knee replacement operation refers to replacing damaged bones and cartilages on the surface of a knee joint by using artificial biological materials, normal functions of a patient joint are restored, the total knee replacement is generally adopted only when the patient joint has serious lesions, a certain compartment with lesions is replaced relatively, namely, the knee joint unicondylar replacement is realized, in the replacement process, a tibia osteotomy is an important ring, in the operation, when the bone is subjected to the intramedullary positioning osteotomy mainly, a clamp at the ankle is firstly fixed, a guide rod is aligned with the central line of the tibia, and then a tibia osteotomy guide plate is fixed, in the total knee replacement operation, the tibia osteotomy needs to be adjusted by a 7-10-degree back inclination angle, in the prior art, the adjustment is basically carried out by an ankle embracing device, the manual adjustment is judged basically according to the experience of a doctor, the probability of deviation appears for a new doctor is relatively high, the operation treatment of a patient is not easy, in the determination of the resection part is usually carried out through an osteotomy guide groove or an osteotomy guide plate, after the adjustment on the tibia embracing device is usually carried out, and after the adjustment on the tibia embracing device, the tibia embracing device is firstly, the tibia is regulated again, the adjustment is not beneficial to the actual osteotomy position can not be carried out in time according to the actual osteotomy position adjustment.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a total knee replacement tibial osteotomy adjuster that is tilted anteroposterior.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defect that in the prior art, when the total knee replacement operation is performed, the tibia osteotomies need to have a backward inclination of about 7-10 degrees, in the prior art, a doctor is usually adopted to visually observe and judge the positions of the osteotomies or the osteotomies, and then the tibia is fixed on the tibia through bone nails, so that accurate positioning cannot be realized, and timely change is not facilitated according to the actual conditions of patients in the operation process.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a total knee replacement tibia osteotomy regulator which comprises a supporting rod, wherein one side of the supporting rod is provided with a toe positioning part, the other side of the supporting rod is provided with an adjusting rod in a sliding manner, a connecting plate is arranged on the adjusting rod, one side of the connecting plate is provided with an osteotomy guiding module, the osteotomy guiding module is connected with the connecting plate through an adjusting piece, the osteotomy guiding module comprises a positioning block and a guiding block, the positioning block is detachably connected with the adjusting piece, and the positioning block is connected with the guiding block through an adjusting component;

a guide positioning channel is formed between the positioning block and the guide block, an osteotomy guide groove is formed in the guide block, two connecting shafts are symmetrically arranged in the osteotomy guide groove in a bilateral symmetry mode, and guide extension plates are arranged on the connecting shafts.

Preferably, the adjusting component comprises two groups of balance parts which are arranged on the positioning block in bilateral symmetry, the balance parts comprise first thread grooves which are formed in the positioning block, first screw rods are arranged in the first thread grooves in a threaded connection mode, first knobs are arranged on one sides of the first screw rods, first ball heads are arranged on the other sides of the first screw rods, the first ball heads are connected with arc cavities formed in the guide blocks, buffer springs are sleeved on the first screw rods and located between the positioning block and the guide blocks, and first nuts are sleeved on the first screw rods.

Preferably, the locating piece has seted up the sliding tray, the sliding tray is equipped with the piston pin in the slip, piston pin one end with the sliding tray passes through telescopic spring and connects, the piston pin other end with the guide block bulb is connected, just be equipped with the notch on the piston pin, a notch terminal surface is equipped with first pointer, be equipped with first angle display table on the guide block, and under the initial state first pointer is directional the zero scale of first angle display table.

Preferably, the adjusting component further comprises a backward tilting adjusting part, the backward tilting adjusting part comprises a second thread groove arranged in the positioning block, a second screw rod is arranged in the second thread groove in a threaded connection mode, one end of the second screw rod is provided with a second knob, the other end of the second screw rod is provided with a second ball head, and the second ball head is connected with a rolling cavity formed in the guide block.

Preferably, the recline adjustment member is located on the eccentric side of the positioning block and the guide block.

Preferably, a groove is formed in one end face of the positioning block, an auxiliary plate is slidably arranged in the groove, the auxiliary plate is connected with the inner wall of the groove through a plurality of reset springs, a second pointer is arranged on the auxiliary plate, a second angle display meter is arranged on the guide block, and the second pointer points to zero scale of the second angle display meter in an initial state.

Preferably, one side of each of the positioning block and one side of each of the guide blocks are arc surfaces.

Preferably, the positioning block is symmetrically provided with two groups of positioning components, the positioning components comprise positioning grooves formed in the positioning block, at least one bone nail passing hole is formed in each positioning groove, and the bone nail passing holes penetrate through the positioning block.

Preferably, the adjusting rod and the connecting plate are adjusted through a fastening knob, a horizontal plate is arranged on the adjusting rod, and a balance adjuster is arranged on the horizontal plate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the positioning block and the guide block are arranged, the guide positioning channel is formed between the positioning block and the guide block, after the relative positions of the positioning block and the positioning block are changed, a certain angle difference is formed in the guide positioning channel, and the inclination angle of the osteotomy guiding groove on the guide block and the angle difference relative to the tibia horizontal direction can be intuitively calculated or judged by utilizing the angle difference.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a total knee replacement tibial osteotomy adjuster of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an osteotomy guiding module of a total knee replacement tibial osteotomy adjuster of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an exploded view of an osteotomy guiding module of a total knee replacement tibial osteotomy adjuster of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an isometric cutaway schematic view of the balance of a total knee replacement tibial osteotomy adjuster of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an isometric cutaway schematic view of a posterior-tilt adjustment component of a total knee replacement tibial osteotomy adjuster of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of another view of an osteotomy guide of a total knee replacement tibial osteotomy adjuster of the present invention.

The reference numerals are as follows:

The toe positioning part 10, the fastening knob 11, the connecting plate 12, the adjusting rod 13, the adjusting piece 14, the horizontal plate 15, the balance adjuster 16, the osteotomy guiding module 2, the positioning block 20, the positioning groove 201, the bone screw passing hole 202, the second thread groove 204, the guiding block 21, the osteotomy guiding groove 210, the connecting shaft 211, the circular arc cavity 212, the rolling cavity 213, the guiding positioning channel 22, the guiding extension plate 23, the piston pin 25, the notch 250, the first pointer 251, the first angle display table 252, the expansion spring 253, the sliding groove 254, the first screw 26, the first ball 261, the first nut 262, the first knob 263, the buffer spring 264, the second screw 27, the second ball 271, the second nut 272, the second knob 273, the auxiliary plate 28, the groove 280, the return spring 281, the second pointer 282, and the second angle display table 283.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

The invention is further illustrated below with reference to figures 1-6 and examples:

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1-3, a bone cutting regulator for total knee replacement tibia anteroposterior inclination comprises a supporting rod 1, wherein one side of the supporting rod 1 is provided with a toe positioning part 10, the other side is provided with an adjusting rod 13 in a sliding manner, the adjusting rod 13 is provided with a connecting plate 12, one side of the connecting plate 12 is provided with a bone cutting guide module 2, the bone cutting guide module 2 is connected with the connecting plate 12 through an adjusting piece 14, the bone cutting guide module 2 comprises a positioning block 20 and a guide block 21, the positioning block 20 is detachably connected with the adjusting piece 14, and the positioning block 20 is connected with the guide block 21 through an adjusting component; after the toe positioning part 10 is placed in the second toe of the patient, the height of the adjusting rod 13 is adjusted, the positioning block 20 on the osteotomy guiding module 2 is positioned at the tibia, and the osteotomy guiding module 2 is adjusted to be parallel to the tibia force line.

Further, a guiding and positioning channel 22 is formed between the positioning block 20 and the guiding block 21, the guiding block 21 is provided with an osteotomy guiding groove 210, two connecting shafts 211 are symmetrically arranged in the osteotomy guiding groove 210 in a left-right direction, the connecting shafts 211 are provided with guiding extension plates 23, when the position of the osteotomy guiding module 2 is adjusted, the osteotomy guiding groove 210 on the guiding block 21 can be positioned at the position where osteotomy is required, the positions of the positioning block 20 and the guiding block 21 are adjusted through an adjusting component, so that the space size of the guiding and positioning channel 22 is adjusted, the backward inclination angle of the osteotomy guiding groove 210 and the levelness of the osteotomy guiding groove 210 can be adjusted, or the osteotomy guiding groove 210 is inclined for a certain angle in a horizontal direction, and then the positioning block 20 is fixedly connected with the tibia of a patient through bone nails, so that the osteotomy guiding groove 210 can accurately provide guiding for a doctor in the osteotomy process, and when the guiding line of the osteotomy guiding groove 210 is determined, the guiding extension plates 23 can intuitively extend out of the osteotomy guiding groove 210 after rotating around the connecting shafts 211;

in the operation process, once the doctor finds that the variation exists at the tibia of the patient and the damage surface is large, the doctor can directly adjust the position of the guide block 21 relative to the positioning block 20 through the adjusting component, and the angle difference formed by the guide positioning channel 22 can be used for intuitively calculating the angle of the osteotomy guiding slot 210, so that the osteotomy guiding slot 210 can be timely adjusted and provides accurate guiding function.

Firstly, it should be noted that in the prior art, the tibial osteotomy needs to have a backward inclination of about 7 ° -10 °, and in the prior art, a doctor is usually adopted to visually observe and determine the position of the osteotomy guiding slot or the osteotomy guiding slot, and then the tibial osteotomy guiding slot is fixed to the tibia through a bone nail, so that accurate positioning cannot be achieved, and timely adjustment is not facilitated in the operation process according to the actual condition of a patient.

By arranging the positioning block 20 and the guiding block 21 and forming the guiding and positioning channel 22 between the positioning block 20 and the guiding block 21, the invention can directly adjust the position of the guiding block 21 relative to the positioning block 20 when the relative position of the guiding block 21 and the positioning block 20 is changed, and can intuitively calculate or judge the inclination angle of the osteotomy guiding slot 210 on the guiding block 21 and the angle difference relative to the tibia horizontal direction by utilizing the angle difference, thereby not only accurately adjusting the guiding angle of the osteotomy guiding slot 210, but also adjusting the balance of the osteotomy guiding slot 210 in the horizontal direction, and directly adjusting the position of the guiding block 21 relative to the positioning block 20 when a doctor finds that the tibia is mutated or the tibia damaged surface is larger in the operation process, and simultaneously calculating the guiding angle of the osteotomy guiding slot 210 again according to the angle difference of the guiding and positioning channel 22, thereby realizing accurate improvement of the osteotomy effect and precision.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2-4, the adjusting assembly includes two sets of balancing components symmetrically disposed on the positioning block 20, the balancing components include a first knob 263 disposed on the positioning block 20, the first knob 263 is disposed on one side of the first screw 26 and is connected with the first knob 261 by an internal thread of the first knob 203, the first knob 261 is connected with a circular arc cavity 212 disposed on the guide block 21, a buffer spring 264 is disposed on the first screw 26 and is located between the positioning block 20 and the guide block 21, a first nut 262 is disposed on the first screw 26, after the positioning block 20 is adjusted to the tibia of a patient, the first knob 263 can drive the first screw 26 to rotate by a first knob 263, the first screw 26 is connected with the first knob 203 by threads, so that the first knob 261 is driven to move up and down after the first screw 26 rotates, the first knob 261 is connected with the guide block 21 by the knob, and the other side of the guide block 21 is limited by the balancing components symmetrically disposed on the other side of the guide block 21, so that when the first knob 261 moves up and down, the guide block 21 can be tilted to a certain degree relative to the guide block 21, and the first screw can be adjusted to the tibia 20 by a certain angle relative to the guide block 20, and the first screw can be adjusted by a certain angle relative to the tibia 20, and the first screw can be adjusted by a certain angle relative to the guide block 20.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the positioning block 20 is provided with a sliding groove 254, the sliding groove 254 is located in the middle of the positioning block 20, a piston pin 25 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 254, one end of the piston pin 25 is connected with the sliding groove 254 through a telescopic spring 253, the other end of the piston pin 25 is connected with the ball head of the positioning block 21, a notch 250 is disposed on the piston pin 25, a first pointer 251 is disposed on one end surface of the notch 250, a first angle display table 252 is disposed on the positioning block 21, the first pointer 251 points to the zero scale of the first angle display table 252 in the initial state, when the main doctor adjusts the position of the positioning block 21 relative to the positioning block 20 through manual rotation of the first knob 263, when the position of the positioning block 21 relative to the horizontal direction of the positioning block 20 is changed, the angle difference formed at the positioning channel 22 is guided, the angle difference formed by the first pointer 251 on the positioning block 21 can be displayed intuitively, so that when the main doctor adjusts the position of the positioning block 21 relative to the horizontal direction of the positioning block 20, the main doctor can accurately adjust the guide line of the osteotomy guide 210 through the first pointer 251.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 3-5, the adjusting component further includes a backward tilt adjusting component, the backward tilt adjusting component includes a second threaded groove 204 disposed in the positioning block 20, a second screw rod 27 is disposed in the second threaded groove 204 in a threaded connection manner, a second knob 273 is disposed at one end of the second screw rod 27, a second ball head 271 is disposed at the other end of the second screw rod, the second ball head 271 is connected with a ball head of a rolling cavity 213 disposed on the positioning block 21, a second nut 272 is disposed at one end of the second screw rod 27, the backward tilt adjusting component is disposed on eccentric sides of the positioning block 20 and the guiding block 21, and the backward tilt adjusting component is disposed on the eccentric sides of the positioning block 20, so that when the main doctor rotates the second knob 273 manually, the second knob 273 drives the second screw rod 27 to rotate, and the guiding block 21 is limited by balance components disposed on two sides of the second screw rod 27, so that the second ball head 271 is driven to tilt relative to the position of the positioning block 21, and at this time, the tilt angle of the guiding block 21 relative to the rolling cavity 213 is achieved, and the left-right tibial resection is required to cut by about 7 ° when the left-right tibial resection is achieved.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, a groove 280 is formed on one end surface of the positioning block 20, an auxiliary plate 28 is slidably disposed in the groove 280, the auxiliary plate 28 is connected with the inner wall of the groove 280 through a plurality of return springs 281, a second pointer 282 is disposed on the auxiliary plate 28, a second angle display table 283 is disposed on the guiding block 21, and the second pointer 282 points to the zero scale of the second angle display table 283 in the initial state, when a doctor adjusts the backward tilting angle of the osteotomy guiding slot 210 on the guiding block 21 by adjusting the backward tilting adjusting component, at this time, the angle of the guiding block 21 relative to the positioning block 20 is changed, the guiding positioning channel 22 is at the backward tilting angle to form an angle difference, at this time, the position of the second angle display table 283 on the guiding block 21 relative to the second pointer 282 is changed, at this time, the angle difference occurring on the guiding block 21 relative to the positioning block 20 can be visually displayed through the direction of the second pointer 282 on the second angle display table 283, so that when the doctor adjusts the backward tilting direction of the guiding block 21 relative to the positioning block 20, the backward tilting direction of the positioning block 210 is determined, and when the doctor determines the backward guiding line of the osteotomy guiding slot 210 is precisely adjusted through the second pointer 282.

In this embodiment, one side of each of the positioning block 20 and the guiding block 21 is an arc surface so that the guiding block 21 and the positioning block 20 can be better attached to the tibia.

Further, the above embodiment can realize the precise angle adjustment of the osteotomy guiding slot 210 in the horizontal direction and the backward inclination angle in the tibial osteotomy process of the invention, and can also be used for mainly treating a doctor to meet a variant tibia in the operation process without readjusting the guiding of the osteotomy guiding slot 210 after removing bone nails again, and the invention can make the angle difference formed by the guiding positioning channel 22 be the guiding line of the osteotomy guiding slot 210 after the position of the guiding block 21 is changed relative to the positioning block 20 according to the position of the guiding block 21, thereby being capable of directly and precisely adjusting the position of the guiding block 21 for the operation again.

Further, referring to fig. 2, two sets of positioning components are symmetrically disposed on the positioning block 20, each positioning component includes a positioning slot 201 formed on the positioning block 20, at least one bone nail passing hole 202 is formed in the positioning slot 201, the bone nail passing hole 202 penetrates through the positioning block 20, after the positioning block 20 is used as a force line reference of the tibia by the support rod 1, the positioning block 20 can be fixed to the tibia of the patient by inserting the bone nail into the bone nail passing hole 202, and after the operation is completed, the bone nail is taken out, and the positioning block 20 is taken out from the tibia.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the adjusting rod 13 and the connecting plate 12 are adjusted by the fastening knob 11, the adjusting rod 13 is provided with a horizontal plate 15, and the horizontal plate 15 is provided with a balance adjuster 16, after the toe positioning part 10 and the balance adjuster 16 determine that the force lines of the positioning block 20 and the tibia are parallel, the osteotomy guiding module 2 and the tibia can be attached by rotating the adjusting piece 14, then the horizontal position of the positioning block 20 is adjusted under the action of the balance adjuster 16, after the osteotomy guiding module 2 is fixed on the tibia by bone nails, the adjusting piece 14 is rotated again to detach the osteotomy guiding module 2 from the adjusting piece 14.

The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed as preferred embodiments, but not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate from the foregoing description that various extensions and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.