CN115926403A - Degradable foamed plastic master batch and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
- ️Fri Apr 07 2023
CN115926403A - Degradable foamed plastic master batch and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable foamed plastic master batch and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Publication number
- CN115926403A CN115926403A CN202211515938.8A CN202211515938A CN115926403A CN 115926403 A CN115926403 A CN 115926403A CN 202211515938 A CN202211515938 A CN 202211515938A CN 115926403 A CN115926403 A CN 115926403A Authority
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- China Prior art keywords
- parts
- master batch
- plastic master
- foamed plastic
- foaming Prior art date
- 2022-11-30 Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 241000345998 Calamus manan Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000012950 rattan cane Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920002494 Zein Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000005019 zein Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940093612 zein Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017059 organic montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 9
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000296615 Celastrus strigillosus Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a degradable foamed plastic master batch which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of polylactic acid, 1.8-3.2 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, 2.1-4.3 parts of zein, 1.5-2.4 parts of nano rattan bark powder, 0.5-1.2 parts of nucleating agent and 0.2-0.8 part of foaming agent. According to the invention, the polyhydroxy butyric acid and valeric acid copolyester and the zein are added into the raw materials to promote the crosslinking of polylactic acid, so that the melt strength of a polylactic acid system is effectively improved. The nano rattan bark powder is added to ensure that the foam pores formed by the foaming plastic master batch are uniform, the distribution density of the foam pores on the plastic master batch is high, and further the density of the plastic master batch is low. The foaming plastic master batch prepared by the synergistic effect of the polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, the zein, the nano rattan bark powder, the nucleating agent and the foaming agent has high foaming ratio, and various performances of the foaming plastic are effectively improved. The raw materials used in the invention can be degraded. The invention also provides a preparation method of the degradable foamed plastic master batch, and the preparation process is easy to operate and convenient for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plastic master batch, in particular to a degradable foamed plastic master batch and a preparation method thereof.
Background
High molecular weight polymers have been widely used in the manufacture of various fields related to human life. The foamed plastic is a high polymer composite material with excellent properties, has excellent properties of light weight, impact energy absorption, good heat insulation and sound insulation and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of packaging, heat preservation, sound insulation and the like. However, the traditional foamed plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and the like are made from non-renewable petroleum resources, and can hardly be decomposed when placed in natural environment after being used, so that a large amount of white pollution is generated, and a large amount of toxic and harmful substances are generated after incineration treatment, so that the environment and resources are pressed difficultly.
The problems of 'petroleum resource shortage' and 'white pollution' caused by plastic products are gradually serious, and the bio-based degradable materials gradually receive attention from people. Biodegradable plastics are plastics which can be degraded by the action of microorganisms to carbon dioxide or/and methane, water and mineralized inorganic salts of the elements contained therein and nascent biomass in nature under conditions such as soil or sandy soil, or under specific conditions such as composting conditions or anaerobic digestion conditions or aqueous culture media.
Polylactic acid (PLA) has good biodegradability and mechanical properties similar to polystyrene, and is considered to be an environmentally friendly polymer material having the greatest industrial prospects. The polylactic acid foamed plastic shows the advantages, is particularly applied to the aspects of packaging materials, buffer materials, heat insulation materials and the like, can reduce the material consumption and cost, can improve the service performance of the material, and has wide application space as an environment-friendly high polymer material. However, polylactic acid foamed plastics have certain problems, such as the problems of cell breakdown and surface collapse caused by easy melt fracture and the like, which are very likely to occur in the foaming process due to the defects of low melt strength, slow crystallization rate and the like of polylactic acid, and poor foaming uniformity and foaming ratio, so that the high-foaming-ratio polylactic acid foamed materials are difficult to be prepared commercially. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to develop a biodegradable foamed plastic having good properties.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the degradable foamed plastic master batch, which solves the problems of low melt strength, slow crystallization rate and poor foaming magnification of polylactic acid.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the degradable foaming plastic master batch.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the degradable foamed plastic master batch comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of polylactic acid, 1.8-3.2 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, 2.1-4.3 parts of zein, 1.5-2.4 parts of nano rattan bark powder, 0.5-1.2 parts of nucleating agent and 0.2-0.8 part of foaming agent.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of polylactic acid, 2.8 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, 3.2 parts of zein, 1.9 parts of nano rattan bark powder, 0.8 part of nucleating agent and 0.5 part of foaming agent.
Preferably, the nucleating agent is one of organic montmorillonite, calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide.
Preferably, the foaming agent is one of azodicarbonamide and azodiisobutyronitrile.
Preferably, the average particle size of the rattan bark powder is 50-100nm.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the degradable foamed plastic master batch comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, zein, nano rattan bark powder, a nucleating agent and a foaming agent, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder to melt, extruding the melt, cooling and granulating to obtain the degradable foamed plastic master batch.
Preferably, the melting temperature in the twin-screw extruder is 160-180 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a degradable foamed plastic master batch, which is characterized in that polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate and zein are added into raw materials, so that the crosslinking of polylactic acid is promoted, and the melt strength of a polylactic acid system is effectively improved. The nano rattan bark powder is added to ensure that the foam formed by the foaming plastic master batch has uniform cells, the distribution density of the cells on the plastic master batch is high, and the density of the plastic master batch is low. The foaming plastic master batch prepared by the synergistic effect of the polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate, the zein, the nano rattan bark powder, the nucleating agent and the foaming agent has high foaming ratio, and various performances of the foaming plastic are effectively improved. The raw materials used in the invention are degradable, have no pollution to the environment and belong to green and environment-friendly materials.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the degradable foamed plastic master batch, and the preparation process is easy to operate and convenient for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.
Example 1
The degradable foamed plastic master batch is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of polylactic acid, 2.8 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, 3.2 parts of zein, 1.9 parts of nano rattan bark powder with the average particle size of 50-100nm, 0.8 part of organic montmorillonite and 0.5 part of azodicarbonamide.
The nano rattan bark powder is prepared by the following method: drying and crushing the outer skin of celastrus orbiculatus, grinding by using a high-energy ball mill, and spray drying to obtain the nano rattan bark powder with the average particle size of 50-100nm.
A preparation method of degradable foamed plastic master batch comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, polyhydroxybutyrate valerate, zein, nano rattan bark powder, organic montmorillonite and azodicarbonamide, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, melting at 160 ℃, extruding, cooling and granulating the melt to obtain the degradable foamed plastic master batch.
Example 2
A degradable foamed plastic master batch is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of polylactic acid, 1.8 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, 2.1 parts of zein, 1.5 parts of nano rattan bark powder with the average particle size of 50-100nm, 0.5 part of calcium carbonate and 0.2 part of azodiisobutyronitrile.
The nano rattan bark powder is prepared by the following method: drying and pulverizing the outer skin of celastrus orbiculatus, grinding by using a high-energy ball mill, and spray drying to obtain the nano rattan bark powder with the average particle size of 50-100nm.
A preparation method of degradable foamed plastic master batch comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, polyhydroxybutyrate valerate, zein, nano rattan bark powder, calcium carbonate and azobisisobutyronitrile, adding into a double-screw extruder, melting at the temperature of 170 ℃, extruding, cooling and granulating the melt to obtain the degradable foamed plastic master batch.
Example 3
A degradable foamed plastic master batch is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of polylactic acid, 3.2 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, 4.3 parts of zein, 2.4 parts of nano rattan bark powder, 1.2 parts of silicon dioxide and 0.8 part of azodicarbonamide.
The nano rattan bark powder is prepared by the following method: drying and pulverizing the outer skin of celastrus orbiculatus, grinding by using a high-energy ball mill, and spray drying to obtain the nano rattan bark powder with the average particle size of 50-100nm.
A preparation method of degradable foamed plastic master batch comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, zein, nano rattan bark powder, silicon dioxide and azodicarbonamide, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, melting at 180 ℃, extruding, cooling and granulating the melt to obtain the degradable foamed plastic master batch.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a degradable foamed plastic master batch, which is different from example 1 in that: the polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate copolymer was omitted, and the procedure was as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides a degradable foamed plastic master batch, which is different from example 1 in that: zein was omitted and the process was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 provides a degradable foamed plastic master batch, which is different from example 1 in that: the polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate copolyester was omitted, and the amount of zein was adjusted to 6 parts, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 provides a degradable foamed plastic master batch, which is different from example 1 in that: zein was omitted, and the amount of polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate was adjusted to 6 parts, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 provides a degradable foamed plastic master batch, which is different from example 1 in that: the nano rattan bark powder was omitted and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 provides a degradable foamed plastic master batch, which is different from example 1 in that: the nano rattan bark powder was replaced with general rattan bark powder (obtained by drying rattan bark and conventionally pulverizing, and the particle size was not nano-grade), and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Test examples
The foamed plastic master batches prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were melted in a twin-screw foaming extruder at 170 ℃ using a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and nitrogen as a foaming agent (volume ratio of the two was 2). The density of the foamed plastic mother particle in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 6 was measured in accordance with GB1033-86, and the expansion ratio was calculated from the volume ratio of the same mass of the foamed material and the plastic mother particle, and the results are shown in table 1.
The melt strength of the foamed plastic master batches of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 6 was measured at 160 ℃ using a melt strength tester, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the density of the plastic base particle in example 1 was lower, and the expansion ratio and the melt strength were higher. In comparative examples 1 to 4, one of polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate and zein was omitted, and the performance of the product was inferior to that of example 1 regardless of the increase in the amount of the remaining components. In comparative example 5, the nano rattan bark powder is omitted, and in comparative example 6, the nano rattan bark powder is adjusted to be the common rattan bark powder, so that the density, the foaming ratio and the melt strength of the product are reduced to different degrees. It can be known that the nano rattan bark powder in the foaming plastic master batch can better play a role.
The plastic master batches of examples 1 to 3 were injection molded into 1cm × 1cm × 1mm thin plastic sample pieces, dried to a constant weight, embedded in soil having a depth of about 20cm in the natural environment, 60 days later, the samples were taken out, washed clean, dried to a constant weight, and the degradation mass loss rate of each group was calculated, with the results shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Sample(s) | Degradation mass loss rate |
Example 1 | 83% |
Example 2 | 85% |
Example 3 | 82% |
As can be seen from Table 2, the foamed plastic master batch of the present invention has good biodegradability, is environment-friendly, and helps to reduce the "white pollution" caused by waste plastic products.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The degradable foaming plastic master batch is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of polylactic acid, 1.8-3.2 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, 2.1-4.3 parts of zein, 1.5-2.4 parts of nano rattan bark powder, 0.5-1.2 parts of nucleating agent and 0.2-0.8 part of foaming agent.
2. The degradable foaming plastic master batch according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of polylactic acid, 2.8 parts of polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, 3.2 parts of zein, 1.9 parts of nano rattan bark powder, 0.8 part of nucleating agent and 0.5 part of foaming agent.
3. The master batch of the degradable foamed plastic according to claim 1, wherein the nucleating agent is one of organic montmorillonite, calcium carbonate or silica.
4. The degradable foamed plastic masterbatch according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is one of azodicarbonamide and azodiisobutyronitrile.
5. The master batch of the degradable foamed plastic according to claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the rattan bark powder is 50-100nm.
6. The method for preparing the degradable foamed plastic masterbatch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing polylactic acid, polyhydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate, zein, nano rattan bark powder, a nucleating agent and a foaming agent, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder to melt, extruding the melt, cooling and granulating to obtain the degradable foamed plastic master batch.
7. The method for preparing the master batch of the degradable foamed plastic according to claim 6, wherein the melting temperature in the twin-screw extruder is 160-180 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
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CN117343610A (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-01-05 | 佛山市涂亿装饰材料科技有限公司 | Insulating paint for new energy battery and preparation method thereof |
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CN117343610B (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-04-02 | 佛山市涂亿装饰材料科技有限公司 | Insulating paint for new energy battery and preparation method thereof |
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