CN115958051B - Cooperative treatment system and treatment method for food wastes and kitchen wastes - Google Patents

The invention provides a method and a system for cooperatively treating food waste and kitchen waste, wherein the method and the system mainly comprise the combination of a food waste treatment system, a methane system, a kitchen waste treatment system, a sewage treatment system, a deodorizing system and a biological drying bin; the food waste and kitchen waste are synchronously treated, three phases (oil, liquid and solid) are separated and respectively treated, and finally solid residues enter a biological drying bin to be finally dried, so that the final synchronous treatment of the two kinds of waste is realized.

Cooperative treatment system and treatment method for food wastes and kitchen wastes

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, in particular to a system and a method for cooperatively disposing food wastes and kitchen wastes.

Background

The food waste is mainly produced from leftovers of restaurants, canteens and other catering industries, and has the characteristics of extremely high water content (about 85% -90%), high oil and salt content, easy corrosion, easy odor and the like.

The kitchen waste mainly refers to waste leftovers and leftovers in daily cooking of residents, and the water content is high (about 60% -80%).

At present, both types of garbage are treated separately;

an anaerobic digestion process is adopted for the main treatment process of the food waste,

Because domestic food waste has high water content, the food waste is usually mixed with kitchen waste for composting, the food waste is seldom subjected to composting treatment independently, and the too high salt content in the food waste also restricts the application of the food waste in the field.

The fodder processing technology mainly adopts physical means to heat the food waste at high temperature, dry, sterilize, remove salt and the like, and can finally generate protein fodder additive, reclaimed water, biogas and other available substances. The technical product is a feed for the breeding industry, has potential homology pollution, is closely related to human health, has high safety risk and is not recommended.

The microbial biochemical treatment machine is to select high temperature compound microbial strain with strong natural vitality and proliferation capability, and to ferment organic waste such as livestock and poultry meat, expired food, food waste and the like at high temperature and high speed in biochemical treatment equipment, so that various organic matters are completely degraded and converted, and finally the microbial fertilizer microbial inoculum and the biological protein feed are prepared. Because the technology needs to add a large amount of other organic matters (such as bran, chaff and the like) into the food waste, the technology has poor reduction effect, the market of products is not well solved, and in addition, the operation energy consumption of the technology is higher.

For advanced kitchen waste treatment technology from abroad, biochemical treatment is mainly adopted basically, wherein the treatment process of combining anaerobic treatment and aerobic treatment is widely accepted and adopted.

But there is currently no complete process system capable of simultaneously processing both types of waste.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the technical problems, the cooperative treatment system and the treatment method for the food waste and the kitchen waste are provided.

The invention adopts the following technical means:

a method for cooperatively treating food waste and kitchen waste comprises the following steps:

Firstly, respectively throwing food wastes and kitchen wastes into an inlet of a drink waste treatment system and an inlet of the kitchen waste treatment system;

The restaurant garbage is subjected to first layer cleaning through a screening primary cleaner, finely divided for pulping, and simultaneously mixed with impurities cleaned by the first layer and sent out;

Kitchen waste is subjected to spiral draining, is put into a pit, and the drained liquid part flows into a draining pool, and the garbage subjected to spiral draining is dehydrated through a mechanical dehydration process, so that water is removed and flows into the draining pool;

Adding fresh structures (such as garden garbage) into the kitchen garbage after mechanical dehydration, and treating the kitchen garbage in a draining pond through a wet anaerobic system;

Settling sand and removing impurities from the food waste subjected to fine pulping, and discharging sand while removing impurities; the method comprises the following steps: after crushing and pulping by a pulping integrated machine, the material is in a slurry shape, has higher viscosity and consistency, and contains a large amount of heavy inert substances left after crushing, such as gravel, crushed shells and the like. The viscosity and the consistency of the slurry are reduced through the dilution of the draining of the hopper, so that the working condition of the sand removal section is more similar to the working condition of the sand setting of sewage treatment, and the non-position efficiency of the inert matters of the slurry is improved. Inorganic solid slag with the thickness of more than 3mm is removed through slag removal of a spiral grating, and is squeezed, and impurities such as fine sand, broken bones and the like can be removed through precipitation of sand in a cyclone type sand setting tank.

The food waste subjected to sand setting and impurity removal is placed into a buffer pool, and then is heated by a heating system, and heating equipment synchronously discharges sand in the heating process;

thirdly, placing the kitchen waste subjected to mechanical mixing into a biological drying bin for drying and deodorizing;

The heated food and beverage rubbish enters a three-phase oil extraction machine to extract oil, the organic solid slag separated by the three phases is sent to a biological drying bin to be dried and deodorized, the slurry separated by the three phases enters a homogenizing tank to be uniformly stirred, hydrolyzed and acidified, good material conditions are provided for anaerobic digestion and stable feeding is carried out to an anaerobic digestion system, the separated oil is separated from grease through an oil filter, and the grease is sent to be recovered;

Step four, the kitchen waste subjected to drying and deodorization treatment is screened out a reflux structure through screening equipment and is mixed with the fresh structure in the step two and then fed into a mechanical mixing material; delivering the slurry of the restaurant garbage output by the homogenizing tank (such as garden garbage) into an anaerobic fermentation tank for fermentation, delivering the slurry to a water sealing tank for final introduction into a biogas treatment system after fermentation, placing discharged slag at the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank into a biogas tank for dehydration by centrifugal dehydration equipment, delivering the dehydrated filtrate into a sewage treatment system, and delivering the dehydrated residue to a biological desiccation bin as biogas slag for desiccation treatment; and (5) the final dried product is transported to an incineration power plant for incineration treatment. A food waste and kitchen waste co-processing system, comprising:

The system comprises a food waste treatment system, a methane system, a kitchen waste treatment system, a sewage treatment system, a deodorizing system and a biological drying bin;

the food waste treatment system comprises: the wet anaerobic treatment system is characterized by comprising a three-phase separation device for separating three phases (oil, liquid and solid) from food waste, an oil phase outward transportation device connected with an oil phase discharge pipeline of the three-phase separation device and used for receiving, storing and outward transportation, and a wet anaerobic treatment system connected with a liquid phase discharge pipeline of the three-phase separation device;

The deodorizing system is used for removing the odor gas in the whole system;

Treating the solid phase waste residue by using a mechanical biological drying system (MECHANICAL BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT);

The sewage treatment system is used for receiving sewage generated when the mechanical biological drying system (MECHANICAL BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT) is used for treating solid-phase waste residues, and synchronously receiving slurry of food waste fermented by the wet anaerobic treatment system;

the kitchen waste treatment system comprises: the spiral draining device is used for draining kitchen waste, the mechanical dewatering device is used for receiving the drained kitchen waste, and the mechanical mixing device is used for receiving the dewatered kitchen waste;

The spiral draining device receives solid-phase slag of the three-phase separating device and discharged slag of the wet anaerobic treatment system at the same time;

The wet anaerobic treatment system receives the percolate from the spiral draining device and the percolate from the mechanical dewatering device at the same time;

the mechanical mixing device receives the added new structure and the recovered structure screened out by the biological drying bin;

the biological drying bin receives the discharged wet material of the mechanical mixing device and performs drying treatment on the wet material;

the waste gas of the biological drying bin enters a deodorizing system for deodorizing, and the drying product passes through a screening device, and the screened structure is used as a recovery structure, and the other products are discharged as final drying products.

Further, the method comprises the steps of,

The biological drying bins are a plurality of, each biological drying bin is a sealable bin body with a rectangular accommodating cavity, an air inlet pipeline is arranged on the ground, a plurality of nozzles for spraying into the cavities are uniformly arranged on the air inlet pipeline, and one end of the bin body is communicated with a gas collecting pipeline of the deodorizing system.

Further, the method comprises the steps of,

An independent centrifugal fan is arranged on a main pipe of an air inlet pipeline of each drying bin, and fresh air and process gas required by drying are mixed and then are introduced into the drying bin body.

Further, the method comprises the steps of,

The exhaust pipeline of each drying bin is converged on a main exhaust pipeline, a part of gas in the main exhaust pipeline is sent to a biological filter (the biological filter of a concrete structure is formed by a concrete pool which is divided into different areas according to actual dimensions, the bottom of the biological filter is formed by porous concrete plates supported by walls, and air is allowed to uniformly flow in the whole area; an independent fan is arranged in the main fresh air pipeline to suck air;

The pressure detection device is arranged at the sealing joint of the drying bin and connects the pressure data with the valve controller of the main exhaust pipe so as to keep the drying bin in a slight negative pressure state all the time.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention combines the domestic kitchen waste characteristics and the positive influence of waste classification on the kitchen waste, and adopts the treatment process of solid-liquid separation pretreatment, liquid-phase wet anaerobic digestion, solid-phase biological drying and mechanical screening to realize the cooperative treatment of the kitchen waste, reduce the environmental pollution caused by the waste, recycle the available substances therein and change the kitchen waste into valuable.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. can simultaneously treat food waste and kitchen waste.

2. The treatment cycle is complete, and the recyclable materials are more.

3. The economic benefit is high.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a food waste treatment system according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the biogas system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the kitchen waste treatment system of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sewage treatment system according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the ventilation deodorizing system of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biological drying chamber of the invention.

In the figure: 1. lifting beam 2, bin cover 3, body structure 4, nozzle 5, pipeline.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be clear that the dimensions of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface on … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a method for cooperatively treating food waste and kitchen waste, which comprises the following steps:

Firstly, respectively throwing food wastes and kitchen wastes into an inlet of a drink waste treatment system and an inlet of the kitchen waste treatment system;

The restaurant garbage is subjected to first layer cleaning through a screening primary cleaner, finely divided for pulping, and simultaneously mixed with impurities cleaned by the first layer and sent out;

Kitchen waste is subjected to spiral draining, is put into a pit, and the drained liquid part flows into a draining pool, and the garbage subjected to spiral draining is dehydrated through a mechanical dehydration process, so that water is removed and flows into the draining pool;

Adding fresh structures (such as garden garbage) into the kitchen garbage after mechanical dehydration, and treating the kitchen garbage in a draining pond through a wet anaerobic system;

Settling sand and removing impurities from the food waste subjected to fine pulping, and discharging sand while removing impurities; the method comprises the following steps: after crushing and pulping by a pulping integrated machine, the material is in a slurry shape, has higher viscosity and consistency, and contains a large amount of heavy inert substances left after crushing, such as gravel, crushed shells and the like. The viscosity and the consistency of the slurry are reduced through the dilution of the draining of the hopper, so that the working condition of the sand removal section is more similar to the working condition of the sand setting of sewage treatment, and the non-position efficiency of the inert matters of the slurry is improved. Inorganic solid slag with the thickness of more than 3mm is removed through slag removal of a spiral grating, and is squeezed, and impurities such as fine sand, broken bones and the like can be removed through precipitation of sand in a cyclone type sand setting tank.

The food waste subjected to sand setting and impurity removal is placed into a buffer pool, and then is heated by a heating system, and heating equipment synchronously discharges sand in the heating process;

thirdly, placing the kitchen waste subjected to mechanical mixing into a biological drying bin for drying and deodorizing;

The heated food and beverage rubbish enters a three-phase oil extraction machine to extract oil, the organic solid slag separated by the three phases is sent to a biological drying bin to be dried and deodorized, the slurry separated by the three phases enters a homogenizing tank to be uniformly stirred, hydrolyzed and acidified, good material conditions are provided for anaerobic digestion and stable feeding is carried out to an anaerobic digestion system, the separated oil is separated from grease through an oil filter, and the grease is sent to be recovered;

step four, the kitchen waste subjected to drying and deodorization treatment is screened out a reflux structure through screening equipment and is mixed with the fresh structure in the step two and then is fed into mechanical mixing materials (such as garden waste and the like); delivering the slurry of the food waste output by the homogenizing tank into an anaerobic fermentation tank for fermentation, delivering the slurry to a water sealing tank for final introduction into a biogas treatment system, placing discharged slag at the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank into a biogas tank for dehydration by centrifugal dehydration equipment, delivering the dehydrated filtrate into a sewage treatment system, and delivering the dehydrated residue as biogas slag to a biological drying bin for drying treatment; and (5) the final dried product is transported to an incineration power plant for incineration treatment.

The restaurant garbage and kitchen garbage cooperative treatment system as shown in fig. 1 to 7 comprises:

The system comprises a food waste treatment system, a methane system, a kitchen waste treatment system, a sewage treatment system, a deodorizing system and a biological drying bin;

the food waste treatment system comprises: the wet anaerobic treatment system is characterized by comprising a three-phase separation device for separating three phases (oil, liquid and solid) from food waste, an oil phase outward transportation device connected with an oil phase discharge pipeline of the three-phase separation device and used for receiving, storing and outward transportation, and a wet anaerobic treatment system connected with a liquid phase discharge pipeline of the three-phase separation device;

The deodorizing system is used for removing the odor gas in the whole system;

Treating the solid phase waste residue by using a mechanical biological drying system (MECHANICAL BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT);

The sewage treatment system is used for receiving sewage generated when the mechanical biological drying system (MECHANICAL BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT) is used for treating solid-phase waste residues, and synchronously receiving slurry of food waste fermented by the wet anaerobic treatment system;

the kitchen waste treatment system comprises: the spiral draining device is used for draining kitchen waste, the mechanical dewatering device is used for receiving the drained kitchen waste, and the mechanical mixing device is used for receiving the dewatered kitchen waste;

The spiral draining device receives solid-phase slag of the three-phase separating device and discharged slag of the wet anaerobic treatment system at the same time;

The wet anaerobic treatment system receives the percolate from the spiral draining device and the percolate from the mechanical dewatering device at the same time;

the mechanical mixing device receives the added new structure and the recovered structure screened out by the biological drying bin;

the biological drying bin receives the discharged wet material of the mechanical mixing device and performs drying treatment on the wet material;

the waste gas of the biological drying bin enters a deodorizing system for deodorizing, and the drying product passes through a screening device, and the screened structure is used as a recovery structure, and the other products are discharged as final drying products.

Further, as shown in fig. 7, the specific structure of each biological drying chamber includes: the drying bin comprises a body structure 3 (namely, each side wall) for forming a containing cavity with an opening at the top, a bin cover 2 arranged at the top of the body structure 3 and used for blocking the opening at the top, a lifting beam 1 fixed on the bin cover 2, a plurality of pipelines 5 arranged in the ground structure of the drying bin, and a plurality of nozzles 4 which are arranged on the pipelines 5 and are in spraying directions into the drying bin;

The biological drying bins are a plurality of, each biological drying bin is a sealable bin body with a rectangular accommodating cavity, an air inlet pipeline is arranged on the ground, a plurality of nozzles for spraying into the cavities are uniformly arranged on the air inlet pipeline, and one end of the bin body is communicated with a gas collecting pipeline of the deodorizing system.

Further, the method comprises the steps of,

An independent centrifugal fan is arranged on a main pipe of an air inlet pipeline of each drying bin, and fresh air and process gas required by drying are mixed and then are introduced into the drying bin body.

Further, the method comprises the steps of,

The exhaust pipeline of each drying bin is converged on a main exhaust pipeline, a part of gas in the main exhaust pipeline is sent to a biological filter (the biological filter of a concrete structure is formed by a concrete pool which is divided into different areas according to actual dimensions, the bottom of the biological filter is formed by porous concrete plates supported by walls, and air is allowed to uniformly flow in the whole area; an independent fan is arranged in the main fresh air pipeline to suck air;

The pressure detection device is arranged at the sealing joint of the drying bin and connects the pressure data with the valve controller of the main exhaust pipe so as to keep the drying bin in a slight negative pressure state all the time.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention combines the domestic kitchen waste characteristics and the positive influence of waste classification on the kitchen waste, and adopts the treatment process of solid-liquid separation pretreatment, liquid-phase wet anaerobic digestion, solid-phase biological drying and mechanical screening to realize the cooperative treatment of the kitchen waste, reduce the environmental pollution caused by the waste, recycle the available substances therein and change the kitchen waste into valuable.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.