CN117674533A - A linear motor, electromagnetic suspension and vehicle - Google Patents

发明内容Contents of the invention

本申请的一个目的是提供一种直线电机、电磁悬架及车辆的新技术方案。One purpose of this application is to provide a new technical solution for linear motors, electromagnetic suspensions and vehicles.

根据本申请的第一方面，提供了一种直线电机，该直线电机包括：According to a first aspect of the present application, a linear motor is provided, which includes:

初级铁芯，所述初级铁芯为具有中空腔的环形结构；Primary iron core, the primary iron core is an annular structure with a hollow cavity;

次级组件，所述次级组件与所述初级铁芯连接并且二者之间可沿第一方向相对移动；A secondary component, the secondary component is connected to the primary iron core and is relatively movable along the first direction;

位置传感器，所述位置传感器具有第一部件及第二部件；A position sensor having a first component and a second component;

所述第一部件与所述第二部件中的一者与所述初级铁芯连接，另一者与所述次级组件连接；One of the first component and the second component is connected to the primary iron core, and the other is connected to the secondary component;

所述第一部件和/或所述第二部件的至少一部分设置于所述中空腔内。At least a portion of the first component and/or the second component is disposed within the hollow cavity.

可选地，所述直线电机包括初级组件，所述初级组件包括所述初级铁芯和初级芯轴，所述初级芯轴套接在所述中空腔内。Optionally, the linear motor includes a primary component, the primary component includes the primary iron core and a primary mandrel, and the primary mandrel is sleeved in the hollow cavity.

可选地，所述初级芯轴为具有容纳腔的中空结构，所述第一部件和/或所述第二部件的至少一部分设置于所述容纳腔内。Optionally, the primary mandrel is a hollow structure having an accommodation cavity, and at least a part of the first component and/or the second component is disposed in the accommodation cavity.

可选地，所述第一部件为传感器读头，所述传感器读头设置在所述初级芯轴的容纳腔内。Optionally, the first component is a sensor read head, and the sensor read head is disposed in the accommodation cavity of the primary mandrel.

可选地，所述位置传感器还包括传感器引线，所述初级铁芯上设置有穿线孔，所述传感器引线从所述传感器读头处引出并穿设于所述穿线孔。Optionally, the position sensor further includes a sensor lead, a threading hole is provided on the primary core, and the sensor lead is led out from the sensor read head and passed through the threading hole.

可选地，所述初级芯轴包括芯轴本体和承托部，所述芯轴本体套接在所述中空腔内；Optionally, the primary mandrel includes a mandrel body and a supporting part, and the mandrel body is sleeved in the hollow cavity;

所述承托部固定连接在所述芯轴本体的一端且向所述芯轴本体的径向外侧延伸；所述初级铁芯至少部分支撑在所述承托部上。The supporting portion is fixedly connected to one end of the mandrel body and extends radially outward of the mandrel body; the primary iron core is at least partially supported on the supporting portion.

可选地，所述传感器读头设置在所述容纳腔内与所述承托部对应的位置处。Optionally, the sensor read head is disposed in the accommodation cavity at a position corresponding to the supporting portion.

可选地，所述初级芯轴的材质为导磁材料。Optionally, the primary core shaft is made of magnetically permeable material.

可选地，所述第二部件为磁栅条；Optionally, the second component is a magnetic grid strip;

所述直线电机还包括导杆；所述导杆的一端与所述次级组件固定连接，所述导杆的另一端设置于所述容纳腔内；The linear motor also includes a guide rod; one end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the secondary component, and the other end of the guide rod is disposed in the accommodation cavity;

所述磁栅条设置在所述导杆的侧壁处，所述传感器读头与所述磁栅条沿第二方向间隔设置，所述第二方向为所述初级芯轴的径向方向。The magnetic grating strip is disposed at the side wall of the guide rod, and the sensor read head and the magnetic grating strip are spaced apart along a second direction, and the second direction is the radial direction of the primary core axis.

可选地，所述传感器读头与所述磁栅条沿第二方向的最小间距小于等于5mm。Optionally, the minimum distance between the sensor read head and the magnetic grating strip along the second direction is less than or equal to 5 mm.

可选地，所述磁栅条设置在所述导杆的侧壁外表面；或者，所述导杆为中空结构，所述磁栅条设置在所述导杆的侧壁内表面。Optionally, the magnetic grating strips are disposed on the outer surface of the side wall of the guide rod; or, the guide rod is a hollow structure, and the magnetic grating strips are disposed on the inner surface of the side wall of the guide rod.

可选地，所述导杆与所述初级芯轴同轴设置，且所述初级芯轴同轴设置在所述初级铁芯的中空腔内。Optionally, the guide rod is coaxially disposed with the primary core shaft, and the primary core shaft is coaxially disposed within the hollow cavity of the primary iron core.

可选地，所述导杆的材质及所述传感器读头的壳体的材质均为隔磁材料。Optionally, the material of the guide rod and the housing of the sensor read head are both magnetic isolation materials.

可选地，所述次级组件包括筒状的壳体及设于所述壳体内侧壁的磁钢。Optionally, the secondary assembly includes a cylindrical housing and magnetic steel provided on the inner wall of the housing.

根据本申请的第二方面，提供了一种电磁悬架，所述电磁悬架包括如第一方面所述的直线电机。According to a second aspect of the present application, an electromagnetic suspension is provided, and the electromagnetic suspension includes the linear motor as described in the first aspect.

根据本申请的第三方面，提供了一种车辆，所述车辆包括如第二方面所述的电磁悬架。According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, which vehicle includes the electromagnetic suspension as described in the second aspect.

本申请采用的技术方案能够达到以下有益效果：The technical solution adopted in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

在本申请实施例提供的直线电机中，初级铁芯的中空腔为位置传感器的至少部分结构提供了安装及相对运动的空间，这样有助于减小该直线电机的尺寸，使该直线电机的整体结构更加紧凑。In the linear motor provided by the embodiment of the present application, the hollow cavity of the primary core provides space for installation and relative movement of at least part of the structure of the position sensor, which helps to reduce the size of the linear motor and make the linear motor more compact. The overall structure is more compact.

通过以下参照附图对本申请的示例性实施例的详细描述，本申请的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。Other features and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

现在将参照附图来详细描述本申请的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本申请的范围。Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these examples do not limit the scope of the present application unless otherwise specifically stated.

以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application or its application or uses.

对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。Techniques, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods and devices should be considered a part of the specification.

在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values are to be construed as illustrative only and not as limiting. Accordingly, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the following figures, so that once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need further discussion in subsequent figures.

如图1-图3所示，根据本申请的一个实施例，提供了一种直线电机。该直线电机包括初级铁芯11、次级组件2及位置传感器3，所述初级铁芯11为具有中空腔110的环形结构；As shown in Figures 1-3, according to an embodiment of the present application, a linear motor is provided. The linear motor includes a primary core 11, a secondary component 2 and a position sensor 3. The primary core 11 is an annular structure with a hollow cavity 110;

所述次级组件2与所述初级铁芯11连接并且二者之间可沿第一方向相对移动；所述位置传感器3具有第一部件31及第二部件32；The secondary component 2 is connected to the primary iron core 11 and can move relatively along the first direction; the position sensor 3 has a first component 31 and a second component 32;

所述第一部件31与所述第二部件32中的一者与所述初级铁芯11连接，另一者与所述次级组件2连接；具体地，第一部件31与第二部件32中的一者与初级铁芯11固定连接，另一者与次级组件2固定连接；One of the first component 31 and the second component 32 is connected to the primary iron core 11, and the other is connected to the secondary component 2; specifically, the first component 31 and the second component 32 One of them is fixedly connected to the primary iron core 11, and the other is fixedly connected to the secondary component 2;

所述第一部件31与所述第二部件32相对运动，并且所述第一部件31与所述第二部件32相互配合以感应所述次级组件2与所述初级铁芯11之间的位置变化；所述第一部件31和/或所述第二部件32的至少一部分设置于所述中空腔110内。The first component 31 and the second component 32 move relative to each other, and the first component 31 and the second component 32 cooperate with each other to sense the force between the secondary component 2 and the primary iron core 11 Position change; at least a part of the first component 31 and/or the second component 32 is disposed in the hollow cavity 110 .

在本申请实施例提供的直线电机中，初级铁芯11与次级组件2之间可以进行相对运动，该相对运动为沿初级铁芯11的轴向方向的平移运动，初级铁芯11的轴向方向即为上述第一方向。In the linear motor provided by the embodiment of the present application, relative movement can be performed between the primary iron core 11 and the secondary component 2. The relative movement is a translational movement along the axial direction of the primary iron core 11. The axis of the primary iron core 11 The direction is the above-mentioned first direction.

例如，初级铁芯11为定子，即初级铁芯11固定不动；而次级组件2为动子，即次级组件2相对初级铁芯11进行平移运动。For example, the primary iron core 11 is a stator, that is, the primary iron core 11 is fixed; and the secondary component 2 is a mover, that is, the secondary component 2 moves in translation relative to the primary iron core 11 .

为了检测初级铁芯11与次级组件2之间进行平移运动的相对位置关系，该直线电机设置有位置传感器3，且位置传感器3具有第一部件31及第二部件32。在次级组件2与初级铁芯11相对平移运动的同时，第一部件31与第二部件32也进行相对平移运动。In order to detect the relative positional relationship between the primary iron core 11 and the secondary component 2 during translation motion, the linear motor is provided with a position sensor 3, and the position sensor 3 has a first component 31 and a second component 32. While the secondary component 2 and the primary core 11 move relative to each other in translation, the first component 31 and the second component 32 also move in relative translation.

在本申请实施例提供的直线电机中，位置传感器3的第一部件31和/或第二部件32的至少一部分设置在初级铁芯11的中空腔110内，亦即中空腔110为位置传感器3的至少部分结构提供了安装及相对运动的空间，这样有助于减小该直线电机的尺寸，使该直线电机的整体结构更加紧凑。In the linear motor provided by the embodiment of the present application, at least part of the first component 31 and/or the second component 32 of the position sensor 3 is disposed in the hollow cavity 110 of the primary core 11 , that is, the hollow cavity 110 is the position sensor 3 At least part of the structure provides space for installation and relative movement, which helps to reduce the size of the linear motor and makes the overall structure of the linear motor more compact.

如图1-图3所示，在一个实施例中，所述直线电机包括初级组件1，所述初级组件1包括所述初级铁芯11和初级芯轴10，所述初级芯轴10套接在所述中空腔110内。例如，采用过盈配合的方式将初级芯轴10套接在初级铁芯11的中空腔110内；初级铁芯11的材质为软磁材料，例如铁基合金、钴基合金、硅钢等材质。As shown in Figures 1-3, in one embodiment, the linear motor includes a primary component 1. The primary component 1 includes the primary iron core 11 and a primary mandrel 10. The primary mandrel 10 is sleeved within the hollow cavity 110 . For example, the primary core shaft 10 is sleeved in the hollow cavity 110 of the primary iron core 11 using an interference fit; the primary iron core 11 is made of soft magnetic material, such as iron-based alloy, cobalt-based alloy, silicon steel and other materials.

在一些实施例中，所述初级芯轴10为具有容纳腔100的中空结构，所述第一部件31和/或所述第二部件32的至少一部分设置于所述容纳腔100内。In some embodiments, the primary mandrel 10 is a hollow structure having a receiving cavity 100 , and at least a part of the first component 31 and/or the second component 32 is disposed in the receiving cavity 100 .

在该具体的例子中，初级芯轴10设置为具有容纳腔100的中空结构，这样不仅能够减少制作初级芯轴10所用的材料、减轻初级芯轴10的重量；并且，初级芯轴10的容纳腔100提供了容纳第一部件31和/或第二部件32的至少部分结构的空间，使得该直线电机的整体结构更加紧凑。In this specific example, the primary mandrel 10 is configured as a hollow structure with a receiving cavity 100 , which not only reduces the material used to make the primary mandrel 10 and reduces the weight of the primary mandrel 10 ; The cavity 100 provides a space for accommodating at least part of the structure of the first component 31 and/or the second component 32, making the overall structure of the linear motor more compact.

例如，所述第一部件31为传感器读头，所述传感器读头设置在所述初级芯轴10的容纳腔100内。因此，第一部件31通过初级芯轴10间接与初级铁芯11固定连接；第一部件31具体是与初级芯轴10固定连接，且初级芯轴10与初级铁芯11固定连接。For example, the first component 31 is a sensor read head, and the sensor read head is disposed in the accommodation cavity 100 of the primary mandrel 10 . Therefore, the first component 31 is indirectly fixedly connected to the primary iron core 11 through the primary core shaft 10 ; the first component 31 is specifically fixedly connected to the primary core shaft 10 , and the primary core shaft 10 is fixedly connected to the primary iron core 11 .

第二部件32的一部分伸入到初级芯轴10的容纳腔100内，亦即容纳腔100为第二部件32相对第一部件31沿第一方向的平移运动提供了一定的行程，因此可以节省该直线电机沿第一方向的尺寸。A part of the second component 32 extends into the accommodating cavity 100 of the primary mandrel 10 , that is, the accommodating cavity 100 provides a certain stroke for the translational movement of the second component 32 relative to the first component 31 along the first direction, thus saving money. The size of the linear motor along the first direction.

在一个实施例中，所述位置传感器3还包括传感器引线300，所述初级铁芯11上设置有穿线孔1114，所述传感器引线300从所述传感器读头处引出并穿设于所述穿线孔1114。In one embodiment, the position sensor 3 further includes a sensor lead 300. The primary iron core 11 is provided with a threading hole 1114. The sensor lead 300 is led out from the sensor read head and threaded through the threading hole. Hole 1114.

在该具体的例子中，初级铁芯11上开设的穿线孔1114提供了传感器引线300走线的空间，从而使该直线电机的结构更加紧凑合理。In this specific example, the threading holes 1114 opened on the primary core 11 provide space for the sensor leads 300 to be routed, thereby making the structure of the linear motor more compact and reasonable.

如图1-图3所示，在一个实施例中，所述初级芯轴10包括芯轴本体101和承托部102，所述芯轴本体101套接在所述中空腔110内；As shown in Figures 1-3, in one embodiment, the primary mandrel 10 includes a mandrel body 101 and a supporting portion 102, and the mandrel body 101 is sleeved in the hollow cavity 110;

所述承托部102固定连接在所述芯轴本体101的一端且向所述芯轴本体101的径向外侧延伸；所述初级铁芯11至少部分支撑在所述承托部102上。The supporting portion 102 is fixedly connected to one end of the mandrel body 101 and extends radially outward of the mandrel body 101 ; the primary iron core 11 is at least partially supported on the supporting portion 102 .

在该具体的例子中，在初级芯轴10的芯轴本体101的外侧固定连接有承托部102，承托部102呈环形结构，承托部102围绕芯轴本体101设置。In this specific example, a supporting portion 102 is fixedly connected to the outside of the core body 101 of the primary mandrel 10 . The supporting portion 102 has an annular structure, and the supporting portion 102 is arranged around the core body 101 .

此外，在芯轴本体101的外部套接初级组件1的初级铁芯11，在初级组件1与次级组件2相对运动的过程中，承托部102对初级铁芯11起到了承托的作用，承托部102能够防止初级铁芯11相对初级芯轴10沿轴向发生不必要的相对移位，从而确保直线电机的性能。In addition, the primary core 11 of the primary component 1 is sleeved on the outside of the mandrel body 101. During the relative movement of the primary component 1 and the secondary component 2, the supporting portion 102 plays a role in supporting the primary core 11. , the supporting portion 102 can prevent unnecessary relative displacement of the primary iron core 11 relative to the primary spindle 10 in the axial direction, thereby ensuring the performance of the linear motor.

如图3所示，在一个实施例中，所述传感器读头设置在所述容纳腔100内与所述承托部102对应的位置处。将传感器读头设置在初级芯轴10的具有承托部102的端部位置处，这样不会占用直线电机的行程，使位置传感器3的布置更加合理。As shown in FIG. 3 , in one embodiment, the sensor read head is disposed in the accommodation cavity 100 at a position corresponding to the supporting portion 102 . The sensor read head is arranged at the end of the primary mandrel 10 with the supporting portion 102 , so that the stroke of the linear motor is not occupied and the position sensor 3 is arranged more rationally.

在一些实施例中，作为第一部件31的传感器读头与初级组件1的初级芯轴10连接，在初级组件1为定子的情况下，第一部件31固定不动；而第二部件32与次级组件2连接，在次级组件2为动子的情况下，第二部件32跟随次级组件2一起平移运动。In some embodiments, the sensor read head as the first component 31 is connected to the primary spindle 10 of the primary assembly 1. When the primary component 1 is a stator, the first component 31 is fixed; while the second component 32 is connected to the primary spindle 10 of the primary component 1. The secondary component 2 is connected. When the secondary component 2 is a mover, the second component 32 moves in translation along with the secondary component 2 .

在一个实施例中，所述初级芯轴10的材质为导磁材料。In one embodiment, the primary core shaft 10 is made of magnetically permeable material.

在该具体的例子中，初级芯轴10采用导磁材料制成，例如采用结构钢、模具钢、10号钢等含铁的材料。由于传感器读头设置在初级芯轴10的容纳腔100内，采用导磁材料制成初级芯轴10可以提高该直线电机的性能，如果初级组件1出现磁场外泄的情况，漏出的磁场可以通过导磁材料制成的初级芯轴10导走，从而保护初级芯轴10的容纳腔100内设置的传感器读头不受干扰，确保位置传感器3测量结果的准确性。In this specific example, the primary mandrel 10 is made of magnetically permeable material, such as structural steel, mold steel, No. 10 steel and other iron-containing materials. Since the sensor read head is arranged in the accommodation cavity 100 of the primary core shaft 10 , using magnetically permeable material to make the primary core shaft 10 can improve the performance of the linear motor. If the primary component 1 leaks a magnetic field, the leaked magnetic field can pass through The primary core shaft 10 made of magnetically permeable material is guided away, thereby protecting the sensor read head provided in the accommodation cavity 100 of the primary core shaft 10 from interference, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement results of the position sensor 3.

如图3所示，在一个实施例中，所述第二部件32为磁栅条；所述直线电机还包括导杆4；所述导杆4的一端与所述次级组件2固定连接，所述导杆4的另一端设置于所述容纳腔100内；As shown in Figure 3, in one embodiment, the second component 32 is a magnetic grid strip; the linear motor also includes a guide rod 4; one end of the guide rod 4 is fixedly connected to the secondary assembly 2, The other end of the guide rod 4 is provided in the accommodation cavity 100;

所述磁栅条设置在所述导杆4的侧壁处，所述传感器读头与所述磁栅条沿第二方向间隔设置，所述第二方向为所述初级芯轴10的径向方向。The magnetic grating strip is disposed at the side wall of the guide rod 4 , and the sensor read head and the magnetic grating strip are spaced apart along a second direction, and the second direction is the radial direction of the primary core shaft 10 direction.

在该具体的例子中，位置传感器3完全设置在该直线电机的内部。具体地，第一部件31与初级组件1的初级芯轴10连接，又由于次级组件2套设在初级组件1的外部，亦即初级组件1位于次级组件2的内部，因此位置传感器3的第一部件31也位于次级组件2的内部。In this specific example, the position sensor 3 is arranged entirely inside the linear motor. Specifically, the first component 31 is connected to the primary spindle 10 of the primary component 1, and since the secondary component 2 is sleeved outside the primary component 1, that is, the primary component 1 is located inside the secondary component 2, so the position sensor 3 The first part 31 is also located inside the secondary assembly 2 .

并且，第二部件32设置在导杆4的侧壁处，而导杆4的一部分伸入到初级芯轴10的容纳腔100内，因此第二部件32也位于次级组件2的内部。因此，位置传感器3的设置不会增大该直线电机的整体外形尺寸，该直线电机的整体结构更加紧凑。Moreover, the second component 32 is disposed at the side wall of the guide rod 4 , and a part of the guide rod 4 extends into the receiving cavity 100 of the primary mandrel 10 , so the second component 32 is also located inside the secondary assembly 2 . Therefore, the arrangement of the position sensor 3 will not increase the overall size of the linear motor, and the overall structure of the linear motor will be more compact.

此外，第一部件31与第二部件32沿初级芯轴10的径向方向间隔设置，以提供第一部件31与第二部件32之间相互感应测量所需要的距离。In addition, the first component 31 and the second component 32 are spaced apart along the radial direction of the primary mandrel 10 to provide the distance required for mutual induction measurement between the first component 31 and the second component 32 .

在一个实施例中，所述传感器读头与所述磁栅条沿第二方向的最小间距小于等于5mm。In one embodiment, the minimum distance between the sensor read head and the magnetic grating strip along the second direction is less than or equal to 5 mm.

在该具体的例子中，第一部件31与第二部件32之间的最小间距小于或者等于5mm，这样能够保证位置传感器3的测量精度，确保位置传感器3的测量结果较为准确、误差较小。In this specific example, the minimum distance between the first component 31 and the second component 32 is less than or equal to 5 mm, which can ensure the measurement accuracy of the position sensor 3 and ensure that the measurement results of the position sensor 3 are more accurate and have smaller errors.

在一个实施例中，所述磁栅条设置在所述导杆4的侧壁外表面；或者，所述导杆4为中空结构，所述磁栅条设置在所述导杆4的侧壁内表面。In one embodiment, the magnetic grating strips are disposed on the outer surface of the side wall of the guide rod 4; or, the guide rod 4 is a hollow structure, and the magnetic grating strips are disposed on the side walls of the guide rod 4. The inner surface.

在该具体的例子中，由于位置传感器3的第一部件31为传感器读头，位置传感器3的第二部件32为磁栅条。磁栅条沿第一方向的尺寸较大，即长度较长，因此更加适合于设置在导杆4的侧壁处，使该位置传感器3的布置更加合理。In this specific example, since the first component 31 of the position sensor 3 is a sensor read head, the second component 32 of the position sensor 3 is a magnetic grating strip. The size of the magnetic grid strip along the first direction is larger, that is, the length is longer, so it is more suitable to be arranged at the side wall of the guide rod 4, making the arrangement of the position sensor 3 more reasonable.

例如，磁栅条设置在导杆4的侧壁外表面；或者，将导杆4设置为中空结构，磁栅条设置在导杆4的侧壁内表面。For example, the magnetic grating strips are arranged on the outer surface of the side wall of the guide rod 4; or the guide rod 4 is set as a hollow structure, and the magnetic grating strips are arranged on the inner surface of the side wall of the guide rod 4.

在一个实施例中，所述导杆4的材质及所述传感器读头的壳体的材质均为隔磁材料。In one embodiment, the material of the guide rod 4 and the housing of the sensor read head are both magnetic isolation materials.

在该具体的例子中，传感器读头的外壳以及导杆4均采用隔磁材料制成，如果该直线电机内部出现磁场外泄的情况，隔磁材料可以避免该直线电机内部漏出的磁场传导至位置传感器3附近而影响位置传感器3的测量结果。因此，采用隔磁材料制成传感器读头的外壳及导杆4，可以确保测量结果的准确性。In this specific example, the housing of the sensor read head and the guide rod 4 are made of magnetic isolation materials. If a magnetic field leaks from inside the linear motor, the magnetic isolation materials can prevent the leaked magnetic field from inside the linear motor from being transmitted to near the position sensor 3, thereby affecting the measurement results of the position sensor 3. Therefore, the housing and guide rod 4 of the sensor read head are made of magnetic isolation materials to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results.

在一个实施例中，所述次级组件2包括筒状的壳体21及设于所述壳体21内侧壁的磁钢22。In one embodiment, the secondary component 2 includes a cylindrical housing 21 and a magnet 22 provided on the inner wall of the housing 21 .

在一个实施例中，所述导杆4与所述初级芯轴10同轴设置，且所述初级芯轴10同轴设置在所述初级铁芯11的中空腔110内。In one embodiment, the guide rod 4 is coaxially disposed with the primary core shaft 10 , and the primary core shaft 10 is coaxially disposed within the hollow cavity 110 of the primary iron core 11 .

在该具体的例子中，导杆4、初级芯轴10、初级铁芯11及壳体21均为同轴设置，这样直线电机的结构更加紧凑，并且直线平移的效果更好。In this specific example, the guide rod 4, the primary core shaft 10, the primary iron core 11 and the housing 21 are all coaxially arranged, so that the structure of the linear motor is more compact and the linear translation effect is better.

在一些实施例中，所述初级铁芯11包括多个第一铁芯111、第二铁芯112及第三铁芯113；In some embodiments, the primary iron core 11 includes a plurality of first iron cores 111, second iron cores 112 and third iron cores 113;

所述第二铁芯112远离所述承托部102设置，所述第三铁芯113靠近所述承托部102设置，多个所述第一铁芯111沿第一方向层叠设置且位于所述第二铁芯112与所述第三铁芯113之间。The second iron core 112 is arranged away from the supporting part 102, the third iron core 113 is arranged close to the supporting part 102, and a plurality of the first iron cores 111 are stacked along the first direction and located at the between the second iron core 112 and the third iron core 113 .

在一个实施例中，所述磁栅条的截面呈半环形。In one embodiment, the cross-section of the magnetic grating strip is semi-circular.

在该具体的例子中，磁栅条是截面为半环形的形状，这样可以确保在该直线电机的工作过程中，如果磁栅条与传感器读头之间发生了轻微的相对旋转，磁栅条与传感器读头仍然能够相互配合以检测位置信息。In this specific example, the magnetic grating strip has a semi-circular cross-section, which ensures that during the operation of the linear motor, if a slight relative rotation occurs between the magnetic grating strip and the sensor read head, the magnetic grating strip will The sensor read head can still cooperate with each other to detect position information.

在一个实施例中，所述磁栅条设置有两个，两个所述磁栅条相对所述导杆4对称设置；所述传感器读头与所述磁栅条一一对应设置。In one embodiment, there are two magnetic grating strips, and the two magnetic grating strips are arranged symmetrically with respect to the guide rod 4; the sensor read head is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the magnetic grating strips.

在该具体的例子中，设置两个磁栅条以及两个传感器读头，磁栅条与传感器读头一一对应。亦即设置两对磁栅条及传感器读头，这样能够提高位置传感器3测量的可靠性；例如当其中一对磁栅条及传感器读头发生故障时，仍然可以依靠另外一对磁栅条及传感器读头进行测量。In this specific example, two magnetic grating strips and two sensor read heads are provided, and the magnetic grating strips correspond to the sensor read heads one-to-one. That is to say, two pairs of magnetic grating strips and sensor read heads are provided, which can improve the measurement reliability of the position sensor 3; for example, when one pair of magnetic grating strips and sensor read heads fails, the other pair of magnetic grating strips and sensor read heads can still be relied on. The sensor read head takes the measurement.

在一个实施例中，两个所述磁栅条均沿第一方向延伸设置且两个所述磁栅条沿第一方向的长度相等；In one embodiment, the two magnetic grating strips are extended along the first direction and the lengths of the two magnetic grating strips along the first direction are equal;

两个所述磁栅条其中一者包括M个第一磁极、另一者包括N个第二磁极，所述第一磁极沿第一方向的长度大于所述第二磁极沿第一方向的长度。One of the two magnetic grating strips includes M first magnetic poles and the other includes N second magnetic poles. The length of the first magnetic poles along the first direction is greater than the length of the second magnetic poles along the first direction. .

在该具体的例子中，两个磁栅条的总长度相同，但是两个磁栅条中包含的单个磁极的长度不同。例如，两个磁栅条分别为第一磁栅条和第二磁栅条，其中第一磁栅条包含M个长度较长的第一磁极，第二磁栅条包含N个长度较短的第二磁极。In this specific example, the overall length of the two magnetic grating strips is the same, but the length of the individual magnetic poles contained in the two magnetic grating strips is different. For example, the two magnetic grating strips are a first magnetic grating strip and a second magnetic grating strip. The first magnetic grating strip contains M first magnetic poles with a longer length, and the second magnetic grating strip contains N shorter length magnetic poles. The second magnetic pole.

由于同样长度的磁极反应到信号上的曲线相同，因此如果仅借助于第一磁栅条进行测量，将无法得知具体位置是第一磁栅条中的哪个第一磁极；同样地，如果仅借助于第二磁栅条进行测量，将无法得知具体位置是第二磁栅条中的哪个第二磁极。因此需要同时借助第一磁栅条和第二磁栅条，两个磁栅条相互配合以进行准确测量。Since magnetic poles of the same length react with the same curve on the signal, if the measurement is only performed with the help of the first magnetic grating strip, it will not be possible to know which first magnetic pole in the first magnetic grating strip the specific position is; similarly, if only the first magnetic pole is measured, By measuring with the aid of the second magnetic grating strip, it will be impossible to know which second magnetic pole in the second magnetic grating strip the specific position is. Therefore, it is necessary to use the first magnetic grating strip and the second magnetic grating strip at the same time, and the two magnetic grating strips cooperate with each other for accurate measurement.

并且，第一磁极的长度与第二磁极的长度之间不成倍数关系；例如，第一磁极的长度为5，第二磁极的长度为2。Moreover, there is no multiple relationship between the length of the first magnetic pole and the length of the second magnetic pole; for example, the length of the first magnetic pole is 5 and the length of the second magnetic pole is 2.

如图3所示，在一个实施例中，所述次级组件2包括壳体21，所述壳体21呈筒状，所述壳体21套设于所述初级组件1的外部；As shown in Figure 3, in one embodiment, the secondary component 2 includes a housing 21, the housing 21 is cylindrical, and the housing 21 is sleeved on the outside of the primary component 1;

所述壳体21的内侧壁设置有第一减震垫23，在所述次级组件2与所述初级组件1沿第一方向相对下行时，所述第一减震垫23与所述承托部102抵接以对所述次级组件2进行下行限位。A first shock-absorbing pad 23 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 21. When the secondary component 2 and the primary component 1 move downward relative to each other in the first direction, the first shock-absorbing pad 23 and the bearing The supporting portion 102 contacts to limit the downward movement of the secondary assembly 2 .

在该具体的例子中，设置在次级组件2的壳体21内侧壁的第一减震垫23可以对次级组件2进行下行限位，亦即，在次级组件2相对初级组件1向下移动的过程中，承托部102撞上第一减震垫23进行限位，防止初级组件1与次级组件2之间脱离。In this specific example, the first shock absorbing pad 23 provided on the inner wall of the housing 21 of the secondary assembly 2 can limit the downward movement of the secondary assembly 2 , that is, when the secondary assembly 2 moves toward the primary assembly 1 During the downward movement, the supporting portion 102 hits the first shock absorbing pad 23 to limit the position, preventing the primary component 1 and the secondary component 2 from being separated.

如图3所示，在一个实施例中，所述次级组件2还包括磁钢22，所述磁钢22套接在所述壳体21的内侧，所述第一减震垫23位于所述磁钢22的朝向所述承托部102的底部。As shown in FIG. 3 , in one embodiment, the secondary assembly 2 further includes a magnet 22 , the magnet 22 is sleeved inside the housing 21 , and the first shock absorbing pad 23 is located there. The bottom of the magnet 22 faces the supporting portion 102 .

在该具体的例子中，第一减震垫23具体是设置在磁钢22的朝向承托部102的底部，从而确保第一减震垫23能够在次级组件2的运动过程中为磁钢22提供有效的保护作用。In this specific example, the first shock absorbing pad 23 is specifically disposed on the bottom of the magnet 22 facing the supporting portion 102 , thereby ensuring that the first shock absorbing pad 23 can act as a magnet during the movement of the secondary assembly 2 22 provides effective protection.

如图3所示，在一个实施例中，所述壳体21的壳底211的内侧设置有第二减震垫24，在所述次级组件2与所述初级组件1沿第一方向相对上行时，所述第二减震垫24与所述承托部102抵接以对所述次级组件2进行上行限位。As shown in Figure 3, in one embodiment, a second shock absorbing pad 24 is provided inside the bottom 211 of the housing 21, when the secondary component 2 and the primary component 1 are opposite to each other along the first direction. When moving upward, the second shock absorbing pad 24 contacts the supporting portion 102 to limit the upward movement of the secondary assembly 2 .

在该具体的例子中，设置在壳体21的内底面的第二减震垫24可以对次级组件2进行上行限位，亦即，在次级组件2相对初级组件1向上移动的过程中，承托部102撞上第二减震垫24进行限位，防止初级组件1与次级组件2之间脱离。In this specific example, the second shock absorbing pad 24 provided on the inner bottom surface of the housing 21 can limit the upward movement of the secondary assembly 2 , that is, when the secondary assembly 2 moves upward relative to the primary assembly 1 , the supporting portion 102 hits the second shock absorbing pad 24 to limit the position, preventing the primary component 1 and the secondary component 2 from being separated.

此外，第一铁芯111包括本体部1111和定位部1112，定位部1112设置于本体部1111，且定位部1112在本体部1111的一个侧面呈凸起结构，定位部1112在本体部1111的另一个侧面呈凹陷结构；In addition, the first iron core 111 includes a body part 1111 and a positioning part 1112. The positioning part 1112 is provided on the body part 1111, and the positioning part 1112 has a convex structure on one side of the body part 1111. The positioning part 1112 is on the other side of the body part 1111. One side has a concave structure;

相邻两个第一铁芯111通过各自的定位部1112连接，其中一个第一铁芯111的定位部1112嵌设连接于另一个第一铁芯111的定位部1112中。Two adjacent first iron cores 111 are connected through respective positioning portions 1112 , and the positioning portion 1112 of one first iron core 111 is embedded and connected to the positioning portion 1112 of the other first iron core 111 .

在本体部1111开设有用于放置绕组线圈12的容置槽1113，在容置槽1113内开设有穿线孔1114，穿线孔1114用于穿设绕组线圈12的导线以及传感器引线300。The main body 1111 is provided with an accommodating slot 1113 for placing the winding coil 12 , and a threading hole 1114 is opened in the accommodating slot 1113 . The threading hole 1114 is used for threading the wires of the winding coil 12 and the sensor lead 300 .

此外，在初级芯轴10的容纳腔100内设置有分隔件13，分隔件13包括底壁131、围绕底壁131设置的筒状侧壁132以及围绕筒状侧壁132设置的外沿133；In addition, a partition 13 is provided in the accommodation cavity 100 of the primary mandrel 10. The partition 13 includes a bottom wall 131, a cylindrical side wall 132 arranged around the bottom wall 131, and an outer edge 133 arranged around the cylindrical side wall 132;

其中，筒状侧壁132沿第一方向延伸设置，亦即筒状侧壁132的延伸方向与芯轴本体101的延伸方向相同；并且筒状侧壁132与芯轴本体101同轴设置；Wherein, the cylindrical side wall 132 extends along the first direction, that is, the extension direction of the cylindrical side wall 132 is the same as the extension direction of the mandrel body 101; and the cylindrical side wall 132 is coaxially arranged with the mandrel body 101;

其中，底壁131设置在筒状侧壁132的沿第一方向的一端且位于筒状侧壁132的内侧；外沿133设置在筒状侧壁132的沿第一方向的另一端且位于筒状侧壁132的外侧。The bottom wall 131 is provided at one end of the cylindrical side wall 132 along the first direction and is located inside the cylindrical side wall 132; the outer edge 133 is provided at the other end of the cylindrical side wall 132 along the first direction and is located inside the cylindrical side wall 132. The outer side of the side wall 132.

导杆4的一部分连同磁栅条的一部分伸入到筒状侧壁132内；因此上述结构的分隔件13为导杆4与磁栅条沿第一方向的运动提供一定的行程量，从而有利于减小该直线电机沿第一方向的尺寸。A part of the guide rod 4 and a part of the magnetic grid strip extend into the cylindrical side wall 132; therefore, the partition 13 of the above structure provides a certain amount of stroke for the movement of the guide rod 4 and the magnetic grid strip in the first direction, thereby having It is beneficial to reduce the size of the linear motor along the first direction.

其中，容纳腔100在分隔件13的背离导杆4的一侧布设为直线电机散热的冷却组件。The accommodating cavity 100 is arranged on the side of the partition 13 away from the guide rod 4 as a cooling component for heat dissipation of the linear motor.

根据本申请的另一个实施例，提供了一种电磁悬架，所述电磁悬架包括如上所述的直线电机。According to another embodiment of the present application, an electromagnetic suspension is provided, and the electromagnetic suspension includes the linear motor as described above.

根据本申请的又一个实施例，提供了一种车辆，所述车辆包括如上所述的电磁悬架。According to yet another embodiment of the present application, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle including the electromagnetic suspension as described above.

上文实施例中重点描述的是各个实施例之间的不同，各个实施例之间不同的优化特征只要不矛盾，均可以组合形成更优的实施例，考虑到行文简洁，在此则不再赘述。The above embodiments focus on the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different optimization features between the various embodiments are not inconsistent, they can be combined to form a better embodiment. Considering the simplicity of the writing, they will not be discussed here. Repeat.

虽然已经通过例子对本申请的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本申请的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本申请的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本申请的范围由所附权利要求来限定。Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.