CN118193886B - Typhoon movement track forward method projection method and system for marine environment elements - Google Patents

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine environment data analysis, and discloses a typhoon moving track forward method projection method and system of marine environment elements. The method comprises the steps of performing cubic spline interpolation by using typhoon discrete observation records to improve resolution, and solving the left and right normal directions of the typhoon moving direction by using a mathematical vector method; then, the normal distance is determined, a study area is defined, a spatial position data set is formed, and conversion to longitude and latitude coordinates is completed. Further, the remote sensing observation data interpolates the obtained space data set to obtain projected marine environment field remote sensing data; and carrying out iterative solution to obtain a remote sensing observation gridding data set based on all typhoons forward directions and normal directions. And finally, analyzing the marine environment response process by using the gridded data set. The invention can accurately reveal the response results of the marine environment at different orientations of typhoons, and is beneficial to improving the scientific cognition of the interaction of the marine typhoons.

一种海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法及系统A typhoon movement track forward projection method and system for marine environmental elements

技术领域Technical Field

本发明属于海洋环境数据分析技术领域，尤其涉及一种海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法及系统。The present invention belongs to the technical field of marine environment data analysis, and in particular relates to a typhoon movement track forward projection method and system for marine environment elements.

背景技术Background Art

对台风强度进行准确预报，以满足防灾减灾的紧迫需求，具有重要的实际意义。对海洋影响台风强度的过程和机制的认识是对台风强度预报能力提升的主要因素。Accurately forecasting typhoon intensity is of great practical significance to meet the urgent needs of disaster prevention and mitigation. Understanding the process and mechanism of the impact of the ocean on typhoon intensity is the main factor in improving the ability to forecast typhoon intensity.

台风轨迹作为拉格朗日特征数据，在台风右侧风场更为强劲。在β效应、台风移动方向以及台风气旋风场的相互作用下，导致台风移动方向右侧的海洋响应更加显著，引发右侧海域更强烈的海温下降和混合过程。目前，对于这一海洋响应过程的讨论主要基于路径近似为直线的台风情形，而对于转向型台风导致的海洋响应仅单纯地考虑为北侧或东侧的响应。这种挑选方式虽然能够获得台风引起海洋响应的基本形态，但由于忽略了大部分不规则路径台风的海洋响应，得出的结果难以全面系统地反映海洋环境对台风过程的响应，对海洋环境响应的认识也相对不充分。As Lagrangian characteristic data, the typhoon track is stronger on the right side of the typhoon. Under the interaction of the β effect, the typhoon's moving direction, and the typhoon cyclone wind field, the ocean response on the right side of the typhoon's moving direction is more significant, triggering a stronger sea temperature drop and mixing process in the right sea area. At present, the discussion on this ocean response process is mainly based on the typhoon case whose path is approximately a straight line, while the ocean response caused by turning typhoons is simply considered as a response on the north or east side. Although this selection method can obtain the basic form of the ocean response caused by the typhoon, it ignores the ocean response of most irregular path typhoons. The results are difficult to fully and systematically reflect the response of the ocean environment to the typhoon process, and the understanding of the response of the ocean environment is relatively insufficient.

海洋对台风的响应和调制机理是当前海洋与大气科学研究的前沿问题。准确理解在台风不同方位处海洋环境的响应结果，对于进一步深入研究海洋对台风的响应、反馈过程和机理具有至关重要的作用。这有助于提升对海洋台风相互作用的科学认知，推动台风预报参数化方案的升级，具有重要的科学意义和现实价值。The response and modulation mechanism of the ocean to typhoons is a frontier issue in current marine and atmospheric science research. Accurately understanding the response results of the ocean environment at different locations of the typhoon is crucial for further in-depth research on the response, feedback process and mechanism of the ocean to typhoons. This will help to enhance the scientific understanding of the interaction between ocean and typhoons and promote the upgrading of typhoon forecast parameterization schemes, which has important scientific significance and practical value.

发明内容Summary of the invention

为克服相关技术中存在的问题，本发明公开实施例提供了一种海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法及系统。具体涉及利用海洋环境遥感、再分析和预报数据对台风海洋相互作用过程中的海洋反馈及响应过程进行统计分析，并基于台风轨迹和转向方向进行海洋环境要素相对位置进行投影变换的方法。In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the disclosed embodiment of the present invention provides a method and system for forward projection of typhoon movement track of marine environmental elements. Specifically, it relates to a method for statistically analyzing the marine feedback and response process in the typhoon-ocean interaction process using marine environmental remote sensing, reanalysis and forecast data, and projecting the relative positions of marine environmental elements based on the typhoon track and turning direction.

所述技术方案如下：海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法，包括以下步骤：The technical solution is as follows: A forward projection method of a typhoon moving track of marine environmental elements comprises the following steps:

S1：对拉格朗日特征的台风离散轨迹点进行三次样条插值；S1: Cubic spline interpolation of typhoon discrete track points with Lagrangian characteristics;

S2：将经纬度投影方式(lon,lat)向实际空间距离进行墨卡托投影转换，确定每台风记录点投影转换后的空间点(x,y)；S2: Convert the latitude and longitude projection (lon, lat) to the actual spatial distance through Mercator projection, and determine the spatial point (x, y) after the projection conversion of each typhoon record point;

S3：求算台风移动方向的法向；S3: Calculate the normal direction of the typhoon's movement;

S4：根据台风影响区域范围，确定法向距离，界定研究区域；S4: Determine the normal distance and define the study area according to the scope of the typhoon-affected area;

S5：确定空间分辨率；S5: Determine spatial resolution;

S6：确定台风覆盖范围内前进向及其法向空间点位置，形成空间位置数据集，并完成墨卡托投影(x,y)向经纬度投影(lon,lat)的转换；S6: Determine the forward direction and normal spatial point position within the typhoon coverage area, form a spatial position data set, and complete the conversion from Mercator projection (x, y) to latitude and longitude projection (lon, lat);

S7：海洋环境要素场插值；S7: Interpolation of marine environmental element fields;

S8：对所有台风记录，得到系统完整的台风前进向和法向为基础的网格化数据集；S8: For all typhoon records, a gridded data set based on the systematic and complete typhoon forward direction and normal direction is obtained;

S9：海洋响应过程分析。S9: Analysis of ocean response processes.

在步骤S1中，所述对拉格朗日特征的台风离散轨迹点进行三次样条插值包括：按1小时的间隔进行三次样条插值，得到时间分辨率为1小时的优化后数据集。In step S1, performing cubic spline interpolation on the typhoon discrete track points with Lagrangian characteristics includes: performing cubic spline interpolation at intervals of 1 hour to obtain an optimized data set with a time resolution of 1 hour.

在步骤S2中，所述进行墨卡托投影转换的表达式为：In step S2, the expression for performing Mercator projection conversion is:

式中，Re为地球半径，x为投影后的东西向坐标，y为投影后的南北向坐标，lon为经度，lat为纬度，π为圆周率。Where Re is the radius of the earth, x is the east-west coordinate after projection, y is the north-south coordinate after projection, lon is the longitude, lat is the latitude, and π is the pi.

在步骤S3中，所述求算台风移动方向的法向包括：利用数学矢量法求解台风移动方向左右法向，并按照台风轨迹中起点、中间点和终点的不同特征分别进行计算，得到不同类型台风轨迹点处的左右法向边界点。In step S3, calculating the normal of the typhoon moving direction includes: using a mathematical vector method to solve the left and right normals of the typhoon moving direction, and calculating them respectively according to the different characteristics of the starting point, middle point and end point in the typhoon track to obtain the left and right normal boundary points at different types of typhoon track points.

进一步，所述按照台风轨迹中起点、中间点和终点的不同特征分别进行计算，得到不同类型台风轨迹点处的左右法向边界点包括：Furthermore, the left and right normal boundary points at different types of typhoon track points are obtained by respectively calculating according to different characteristics of the starting point, the middle point and the end point in the typhoon track, including:

设起点为A，起点下一点为中间点B，A点位置左右法向上边界点分别为A₁和A₂，则按照以下公式进行计算：Assume the starting point is A, the point below the starting point is the middle point B, and the left and right normal upward boundary points of point A are _A1 and _A2 respectively. Then calculate according to the following formula:

按照台风轨迹中中间点进行计算，得到不同类型台风轨迹点处的左右法向边界点包括：According to the calculation of the middle point in the typhoon track, the left and right normal boundary points at different types of typhoon track points are obtained, including:

设中间点为B，中间点上一点为起点A、下一点为终点C，中间点B点位置左右法向上边界点分别为B₁和B₂，则按照以下公式进行计算：Assume the middle point is B, the point above the middle point is the starting point A, the point below the middle point is the end point C, and the left and right normals of the middle point B are _B1 and _B2 respectively. Then calculate according to the following formula:

按照台风轨迹中终点进行计算，得到不同类型台风轨迹点处的左右法向边界点包括：According to the end point of the typhoon track, the left and right normal boundary points at different types of typhoon track points are calculated, including:

设终点为C，终点上一点为中间点B，终点C点位置左右法向上边界点分别为C₁和C₂，则按照以下公式进行计算：Assume the end point is C, a point on the end point is the middle point B, and the left and right normal upward boundary points of the end point C are C ₁ and C ₂ respectively, then calculate according to the following formula:

其中，L表示法向距离。Where L represents the normal distance.

在步骤S4中，所述台风影响区域范围为R＝200km，法向距离为200km；In step S4, the typhoon impact area is R=200km, and the normal distance is 200km;

在步骤S5中，所述确定空间分辨率包括：基于海洋响应动力过程的空间尺度和遥感数据的空间分辨率，以r＝10km为法向空间分辨率，并以此界定研究区域内的法向空间分辨率。In step S5, the determining of the spatial resolution includes: based on the spatial scale of the ocean response dynamic process and the spatial resolution of the remote sensing data, taking r=10 km as the normal spatial resolution, and defining the normal spatial resolution in the study area based on this.

在步骤S6中，所述完成墨卡托投影(x,y)向经纬度投影(lon,lat)的转换的计算方法如下：In step S6, the calculation method for completing the conversion of the Mercator projection (x, y) to the latitude and longitude projection (lon, lat) is as follows:

式中，x为投影后的东西向坐标，y为投影后的南北向坐标，lon为经度，lat为纬度，π为圆周率。Where x is the east-west coordinate after projection, y is the north-south coordinate after projection, lon is the longitude, lat is the latitude, and π is the pi.

在步骤S7中，所述海洋环境要素场插值包括：利用笛卡尔坐标系的网格化海洋环境要素数据向空间位置数据集进行线性空间插值。In step S7, the marine environment element field interpolation includes: using the gridded marine environment element data of the Cartesian coordinate system to perform linear spatial interpolation on the spatial position data set.

在步骤S9中，所述海洋响应过程分析包括：以得到的投影转向后的网格化数据集进行海洋环境响应过程分析。In step S9, the ocean response process analysis includes: performing ocean environment response process analysis using the obtained gridded data set after projection steering.

本发明的另一目的在于提供一种海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影系统，该系统实施所述海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法，该系统包括：Another object of the present invention is to provide a typhoon movement track forward projection system for marine environmental elements, the system implements the typhoon movement track forward projection method for marine environmental elements, the system comprising:

三次样条插值模块，用于对拉格朗日特征的台风离散轨迹点进行1小时间隔的三次样条插值，增加台风观测的时间和空间分辨率；The cubic spline interpolation module is used to perform cubic spline interpolation of typhoon discrete track points with Lagrangian characteristics at intervals of 1 hour to increase the temporal and spatial resolution of typhoon observations;

空间投影转换模块，用于将经纬度投影方式(lon,lat)向实际空间距离进行墨卡托投影转换，确定每台风记录点投影转换后的空间点(x,y)；The spatial projection conversion module is used to convert the latitude and longitude projection mode (lon, lat) to the actual spatial distance through Mercator projection, and determine the spatial point (x, y) after the projection conversion of each typhoon record point;

台风移动方向的法向求解模块，用于利用数学矢量法求解台风移动方向左右法相，该步骤分按照台风轨迹中起点、中间点和终点的不同特征分别进行计算，得到不同类型台风轨迹点处的左右法向边界点；The module for solving the normal direction of the typhoon's moving direction is used to solve the left and right normal phases of the typhoon's moving direction using the mathematical vector method. This step is calculated separately according to the different characteristics of the starting point, middle point and end point in the typhoon track to obtain the left and right normal boundary points at different types of typhoon track points;

确定空间区域模块，用于根据台风影响区域范围，以R＝200km为限，确定法向距离，界定研究区域；The spatial region determination module is used to determine the normal distance and define the study area according to the range of the typhoon-affected area, with R = 200 km as the limit;

确定空间分辨率模块，用于基于海洋响应动力过程的空间尺度和遥感数据的空间分辨率，以r＝10km为法向空间分辨率，并以此界定研究区域内的法向空间分辨率；Determine the spatial resolution module, which is used to define the normal spatial resolution in the study area based on the spatial scale of the ocean response dynamic process and the spatial resolution of remote sensing data, with r = 10km as the normal spatial resolution;

空间位置数据集形成模块，用于确定台风覆盖范围内前进向及其法向空间点位置，形成空间位置数据集，并完成墨卡托投影(x,y)向经纬度投影(lon,lat)的转换；The spatial position data set formation module is used to determine the forward direction and normal spatial point position within the typhoon coverage area, form a spatial position data set, and complete the conversion from Mercator projection (x, y) to latitude and longitude projection (lon, lat);

海洋环境要素场插值模块，用于利用笛卡尔坐标系的网格化海洋环境要素数据向空间位置数据集进行线性空间插值；The marine environment element field interpolation module is used to perform linear spatial interpolation of the gridded marine environment element data in the Cartesian coordinate system to the spatial position data set;

迭代求解模块，用于对所有台风记录重复迭代，得到系统完整的台风前进向和法向为基础的网格化数据集；Iterative solution module, used to iterate all typhoon records repeatedly to obtain a gridded data set based on the systematic and complete typhoon forward direction and normal direction;

海洋响应过程分析模块，用于对得到的投影转向后的网格化数据集进行海洋环境响应过程分析。The ocean response process analysis module is used to perform ocean environment response process analysis on the gridded data set obtained after projection steering.

结合上述的所有技术方案，本发明所具备的有益效果为：本发明不局限于直线型路径的台风，可对不规则路径台风不同区域的海洋响应进行有效计算，以便于全面、系统的研究不同台风过程中的海洋环境响应，并基于此开展反馈过程和机制机理研究。Combining all the above-mentioned technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is not limited to typhoons with straight paths, and can effectively calculate the ocean responses in different areas of typhoons with irregular paths, so as to comprehensively and systematically study the ocean environment responses during different typhoon processes, and based on this, conduct research on feedback processes and mechanisms.

本发明有效利用所有台风观测记录，对台风过程产生的海洋响应进行系统、综合研判；以台风前进方向为基础，对台风左右侧方位进行精准判定，精确掌握台风不同方位处海洋的响应过程，具有较强的可操作性和重要的参考价值。本发明提供的投影转换方法，可以应用于仿真实验或者半实物仿真模型，便于更加真实的展示海洋环境场对于台风的具体响应变化过程。The present invention effectively utilizes all typhoon observation records to systematically and comprehensively study the ocean response generated by the typhoon process; based on the typhoon's forward direction, the left and right sides of the typhoon are accurately determined, and the response process of the ocean at different directions of the typhoon is accurately grasped, which has strong operability and important reference value. The projection conversion method provided by the present invention can be applied to simulation experiments or semi-physical simulation models to more realistically display the specific response change process of the ocean environment field to the typhoon.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理；The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure;

图1是本发明实施例提供的海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法流程图；FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for forward projection of a typhoon moving track of marine environmental elements provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明实施例提供的海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法原理图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a forward projection method for typhoon movement tracks of marine environmental elements provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明实施例提供的台风轨迹点投影转换后的空间点图；FIG3 is a spatial point diagram after projection conversion of typhoon track points provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明实施例提供的三种不同轨迹点的法向计算方法示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a normal calculation method for three different trajectory points provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图5是本发明实施例提供的提高时空分辨率后的台风轨迹点；FIG5 is a typhoon track point with improved temporal and spatial resolution provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图6是本发明实施例提供的海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影系统示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of a typhoon moving track forward projection system for marine environmental elements provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图中：1、三次样条插值模块；2、空间投影转换模块；3、台风移动方向的法向求解模块；4、确定空间区域模块；5、确定空间分辨率模块；6、空间位置数据集形成模块；7、海洋环境要素场插值模块；8、迭代求解模块；9、海洋响应过程分析模块。In the figure: 1. Cubic spline interpolation module; 2. Spatial projection conversion module; 3. Normal solution module for typhoon movement direction; 4. Spatial area determination module; 5. Spatial resolution determination module; 6. Spatial position data set formation module; 7. Marine environmental element field interpolation module; 8. Iterative solution module; 9. Marine response process analysis module.

具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION

为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施的限制。In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

本发明实施例提供的海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法及系统创新点在于：本发明提供一种利用笛卡尔坐标系下网格化欧拉式遥感、再分析和预报数据，通过对台风拉格朗日轨迹数据的前向投影转换，计算分布于以台风前进方向为基准的不同方位的海洋环境要素场，明确位于以台风移动方向为基准的台风“前方”“后方”“左侧”和“右侧”等扇区的海洋环境要素场对台风过程的响应过程。The innovative point of the typhoon movement track forward projection method and system for marine environmental elements provided in the embodiments of the present invention is that: the present invention provides a method of utilizing gridded Euler remote sensing, reanalysis and forecast data in a Cartesian coordinate system, through forward projection transformation of typhoon Lagrangian trajectory data, to calculate the marine environmental element fields distributed in different directions based on the typhoon's forward direction, and to clarify the response process of the marine environmental element fields in sectors such as the "front", "back", "left" and "right" of the typhoon based on the typhoon's moving direction to the typhoon process.

本发明首先利用台风离散观测记录进行三次样条插值进行分辨率提升，并利用数学矢量法求解台风移动方向左右法向；然后，确定法向距离，界定研究区域，形成空间位置数据集，并完成向经纬度坐标的转换。再者，遥感观测数据向得到的空间数据集进行插值，得到投影后的海洋环境场遥感数据；并迭代求解，得到所有台风前进向和法向为基础的遥感观测网格化数据集。最后，利用网格化数据集进行海洋环境响应过程分析。The present invention first uses typhoon discrete observation records to perform cubic spline interpolation to improve resolution, and uses mathematical vector method to solve the left and right normals of the typhoon moving direction; then, the normal distance is determined, the research area is defined, a spatial position data set is formed, and the conversion to longitude and latitude coordinates is completed. Furthermore, the remote sensing observation data is interpolated to the obtained spatial data set to obtain the projected marine environment field remote sensing data; and iterative solution is performed to obtain a remote sensing observation grid data set based on the forward direction and normal of all typhoons. Finally, the grid data set is used to analyze the marine environmental response process.

本发明能够准确揭示在台风不同方位处海洋环境的响应结果，对于进一步深入研究海洋对台风的响应、反馈过程和机理具有至关重要的作用。这有助于提升对海洋台风相互作用的科学认知，推动台风预报参数化方案的升级，具有重要的科学意义和现实价值。The present invention can accurately reveal the response results of the ocean environment at different locations of the typhoon, which plays a vital role in further studying the response, feedback process and mechanism of the ocean to the typhoon. This helps to enhance the scientific understanding of the interaction between the ocean and typhoon, promote the upgrading of the typhoon forecast parameterization scheme, and has important scientific significance and practical value.

实施例1，如图1所示，本发明实施例提供的海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法包括：Embodiment 1, as shown in FIG1 , the typhoon moving track forward projection method of the marine environment elements provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

S1：对拉格朗日特征的台风离散轨迹点进行三次样条插值；S1: Cubic spline interpolation of typhoon discrete track points with Lagrangian characteristics;

台风观测记录时空分辨率提升，对拉格朗日特征的台风离散轨迹点进行1小时间隔的三次样条插值，增加台风观测的时间和空间分辨率；The temporal and spatial resolution of typhoon observation records is improved. Cubic spline interpolation is performed at 1-hour intervals on the discrete trajectory points of the typhoon with Lagrangian characteristics to increase the temporal and spatial resolution of typhoon observations.

S2：将经纬度投影方式(lon,lat)向实际空间距离进行墨卡托投影转换，确定每台风记录点投影转换后的空间点(x,y)；S2: Convert the latitude and longitude projection (lon, lat) to the actual spatial distance through Mercator projection, and determine the spatial point (x, y) after the projection conversion of each typhoon record point;

进行空间投影转换，将经纬度投影方式(lon,lat)向实际空间距离进行墨卡托投影转换，确定每台风记录点投影转换后的空间点(x,y)，单位为km。Perform spatial projection conversion, convert the latitude and longitude projection mode (lon, lat) to the actual spatial distance through Mercator projection, and determine the spatial point (x, y) after projection conversion of each typhoon recording point, in km.

示例性的，所述进行墨卡托投影转换计算方法如下：Exemplarily, the calculation method for performing Mercator projection conversion is as follows:

式中，Re为地球半径，x为投影后的东西向坐标，y为投影后的南北向坐标，lon为经度，lat为纬度，π为圆周率。Where Re is the radius of the earth, x is the east-west coordinate after projection, y is the north-south coordinate after projection, lon is the longitude, lat is the latitude, and π is the pi.

S3：求算台风移动方向的法向；S3: Calculate the normal direction of the typhoon's movement;

利用数学矢量法求解台风移动方向左右法向，该步骤分按照台风轨迹中起点、中间点和终点的不同特征分别进行计算，得到不同类型台风轨迹点处的左右法向边界点。The mathematical vector method is used to solve the left and right normals of the typhoon's moving direction. This step is calculated separately according to the different characteristics of the starting point, middle point and end point in the typhoon track to obtain the left and right normal boundary points at different types of typhoon track points.

示例性的，所述按照台风轨迹中起点进行计算，得到不同类型台风轨迹点处的左右法向边界点包括：Exemplarily, the calculation is performed according to the starting point in the typhoon track to obtain the left and right normal boundary points at different types of typhoon track points, including:

设起点为A，起点下一点为中间点B，A点位置左右法向上边界点分别为A₁和A₂，则按照以下公式进行计算：Assume the starting point is A, the point below the starting point is the middle point B, and the left and right normal upward boundary points of point A are _A1 and _A2 respectively. Then calculate according to the following formula:

按照台风轨迹中中间点进行计算，得到不同类型台风轨迹点处的左右法向边界点包括：According to the calculation of the middle point in the typhoon track, the left and right normal boundary points at different types of typhoon track points are obtained, including:

设中间点为B，中间点上一点为起点A、下一点为终点C，中间点B点位置左右法向上边界点分别为B₁和B₂，则按照以下公式进行计算：Assume the middle point is B, the point above the middle point is the starting point A, the point below the middle point is the end point C, and the left and right normals of the middle point B are _B1 and _B2 respectively. Then calculate according to the following formula:

按照台风轨迹中终点进行计算，得到不同类型台风轨迹点处的左右法向边界点包括：According to the end point of the typhoon track, the left and right normal boundary points at different types of typhoon track points are calculated, including:

设终点为C，终点上一点为中间点B，终点C点位置左右法向上边界点分别为C₁和C₂，则按照以下公式进行计算：Assume the end point is C, a point on the end point is the middle point B, and the left and right normal upward boundary points of the end point C are C ₁ and C ₂ respectively, then calculate according to the following formula:

其中，L表示法向距离。Where L represents the normal distance.

S4：根据台风影响区域范围，确定法向距离，界定研究区域；S4: Determine the normal distance and define the study area according to the scope of the typhoon-affected area;

根据台风影响区域范围，以R＝200km为限，确定法向距离200km，界定研究区域。According to the scope of the typhoon-affected area, with R = 200 km as the limit, the normal distance of 200 km was determined to define the study area.

S5：确定空间分辨率；S5: Determine spatial resolution;

基于海洋响应动力过程的空间尺度和遥感数据的空间分辨率，以r＝10km为法向空间分辨率，并以此界定研究区域内的法向空间分辨率；可以理解，空间分辨率的确定基于人工经验，通过综合考虑遥感数据精度和海洋响应动力过程的空间尺度确定10km分辨率。Based on the spatial scale of the ocean response dynamic process and the spatial resolution of remote sensing data, r = 10 km is used as the normal spatial resolution, and the normal spatial resolution in the study area is defined as such. It can be understood that the determination of the spatial resolution is based on artificial experience, and the 10 km resolution is determined by comprehensively considering the accuracy of remote sensing data and the spatial scale of the ocean response dynamic process.

S6：确定台风覆盖范围内前进向及其法向空间点位置，形成空间位置数据集，并完成墨卡托投影(x,y)向经纬度投影(lon,lat)的转换；S6: Determine the forward direction and normal spatial point position within the typhoon coverage area, form a spatial position data set, and complete the conversion from Mercator projection (x, y) to latitude and longitude projection (lon, lat);

完成墨卡托投影(x,y)向经纬度投影(lon,lat)的转换的计算方法如下：The calculation method to complete the conversion from Mercator projection (x, y) to latitude and longitude projection (lon, lat) is as follows:

式中，x为投影后的东西向坐标，y为投影后的南北向坐标，lon为经度，lat为纬度，π为圆周率。Where x is the east-west coordinate after projection, y is the north-south coordinate after projection, lon is the longitude, lat is the latitude, and π is the pi.

可以理解，此过程为步骤S1、步骤S4和步骤S5的下一步，确定1小时分辨率、200km范围和10km的法向分辨率后，自动形成这一数据集。It can be understood that this process is the next step of step S1, step S4 and step S5, and after determining the 1-hour resolution, 200 km range and 10 km normal resolution, this data set is automatically formed.

S7：海洋环境要素场插值；S7: Interpolation of marine environmental element fields;

利用笛卡尔坐标系的网格化海洋环境要素数据向步骤S6的空间位置数据集进行线性空间插值；Using the gridded marine environment element data of the Cartesian coordinate system to perform linear spatial interpolation on the spatial position data set of step S6;

S8：对所有台风记录，得到系统完整的台风前进向和法向为基础的网格化数据集；S8: For all typhoon records, a gridded data set based on the systematic and complete typhoon forward direction and normal direction is obtained;

S9：海洋响应过程分析；S9: Analysis of ocean response processes;

以得到的投影转向后的网格化数据集进行海洋环境响应过程分析。The obtained gridded dataset after projection steering is used to analyze the marine environmental response process.

通过上述实施例可知，本发明可以为人工智能海洋环境预报系统提供一种台风环境下遥感数据场的空间投影转换方式，便于利用转换后的数据进行海洋环境现象的分析，为海洋灾害的预警报提供重要支撑。在应用本技术方案后，可以有效提高预报精度和受众的认可度，有利于预报系统的推广应用。Through the above embodiments, it can be seen that the present invention can provide a spatial projection conversion method of remote sensing data field under typhoon environment for artificial intelligence marine environment forecasting system, which is convenient for analyzing marine environmental phenomena using the converted data and provides important support for early warning of marine disasters. After applying this technical solution, the forecast accuracy and audience recognition can be effectively improved, which is conducive to the promotion and application of the forecast system.

台风引发右侧海域更强烈的海温下降和混合过程。但台风轨迹作为拉格朗日特征数据，传统处理方法仅适用于近直线运动的台风过程，无法表达转向型台风导致的海洋响应的左右侧差异，难以全面系统地反映海洋环境对台风过程的响应。本发明的技术方案填补了这一技术空白，通过对台风拉格朗日轨迹数据的前向投影转换，计算分布于以台风前进方向为基准的不同方位的海洋环境要素场，明确位于以台风移动方向为基准的台风“前方”“后方”“左侧”和“右侧”等扇区的海洋环境要素场对台风过程的响应过程。The typhoon triggers a stronger drop in sea temperature and mixing process in the right sea area. However, as Lagrangian characteristic data, the typhoon trajectory is only applicable to typhoon processes with nearly linear motion through traditional processing methods. It cannot express the left-right differences in ocean responses caused by turning typhoons, and it is difficult to comprehensively and systematically reflect the response of the ocean environment to the typhoon process. The technical solution of the present invention fills this technical gap. By forward projection transformation of the typhoon Lagrangian trajectory data, the ocean environment element fields distributed in different directions based on the typhoon's forward direction are calculated, and the response process of the ocean environment element fields in sectors such as the "front", "back", "left" and "right" of the typhoon based on the typhoon's moving direction to the typhoon process is clarified.

实施例2，作为本发明的另一种的实施方式，如图2所示，本发明实施例提供的海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法包括：Example 2, as another implementation of the present invention, as shown in FIG2, the typhoon movement track forward projection method of the marine environment elements provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:

步骤1：确定台风观测记录的时间和空间位置，对观测记录进行三次样条插值，得到时间分辨率为1小时的优化后数据集。Step 1: Determine the time and spatial location of the typhoon observation records, perform cubic spline interpolation on the observation records, and obtain an optimized data set with a time resolution of 1 hour.

步骤2：将经纬度投影方式向实际空间距离进行投影转换。Step 2: Convert the latitude and longitude projection to the actual spatial distance.

步骤3：利用数学矢量法求解台风移动方向左右法向；。Step 3: Use mathematical vector method to solve the left and right normal directions of the typhoon's movement direction;.

步骤4：确定法向距离，界定研究区域，形成空间位置数据集，并完成向经纬度坐标的转换。Step 4: Determine the normal distance, define the study area, form a spatial location dataset, and complete the conversion to latitude and longitude coordinates.

步骤5：遥感观测数据向步骤(4)的空间数据集进行线性空间插值，得到投影后的SST数据；Step 5: Linearly interpolate the remote sensing observation data to the spatial data set in step (4) to obtain the projected SST data;

步骤6：迭代求解，得到所有台风前进向和法向为基础的遥感观测海洋环境数据场网格化数据集。Step 6: Iterate the solution to obtain a gridded dataset of remote sensing observation ocean environment data based on the forward direction and normal direction of all typhoons.

步骤7：利用网格化数据集进行海洋环境响应过程分析。Step 7: Use the gridded dataset to analyze the marine environmental response process.

其中，利用三次样条插值和数学矢量法对台风轨迹进行投影转换，利用转换后的高精度网格点进行遥感数据插值，得到遥感得到的海洋环境场的基于台风前进方向和法向为基准坐标系的海洋环境数据。Among them, the typhoon track is projected and transformed using cubic spline interpolation and mathematical vector method, and the remote sensing data is interpolated using the converted high-precision grid points to obtain the ocean environment data of the remotely sensed ocean environment field based on the typhoon's forward direction and normal as the reference coordinate system.

实施例3，以2017年13号台风“天鸽”和长期逐日SST遥感观测数据为例，进行本发明实施例提供的海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影方法的描述，具体包括：Example 3, taking Typhoon Hato No. 13 in 2017 and long-term daily SST remote sensing observation data as an example, describes the typhoon movement track forward projection method of marine environmental elements provided by the embodiment of the present invention, specifically including:

第一步，首先确定台风观测记录的时间和空间位置，对观测记录进行三次样条插值，得到时间分辨率为1小时的优化后数据集。In the first step, we first determine the time and spatial location of the typhoon observation records, perform cubic spline interpolation on the observation records, and obtain an optimized data set with a time resolution of 1 hour.

第二步，将经纬度投影方式向实际空间距离进行投影转换，确定每台风记录点投影转换后的空间点，单位为km(图3)。The second step is to transform the latitude and longitude projection method into the actual spatial distance and determine the spatial point after the projection transformation of each typhoon record point in km (Figure 3).

第三步，利用数学矢量法求解台风移动方向左右法向，该步骤分按照台风轨迹中起点、中间和终点的不同特征分别进行计算(图4)。The third step is to use the mathematical vector method to solve the left and right normal directions of the typhoon's moving direction. This step is calculated separately according to the different characteristics of the starting point, middle and end point of the typhoon track (Figure 4).

第四步，以R＝200km为限，确定法向距离200km，界定研究区域；根据海洋响应过程，以r＝10km为法向空间分辨率，并以此界定研究区域内的法向空间分辨率，形成空间位置数据集(图5)，并完成向经纬度坐标的转换。The fourth step is to determine the normal distance of 200 km with R = 200 km as the limit to define the study area; according to the ocean response process, r = 10 km is used as the normal spatial resolution, and the normal spatial resolution in the study area is defined to form a spatial position data set (Figure 5), and complete the conversion to longitude and latitude coordinates.

第五步，利用网格化的SST遥感观测向第四步的空间数据集进行插值，得到投影后的SST数据；Step 5: Use the gridded SST remote sensing observations to interpolate the spatial data set in step 4 to obtain the projected SST data;

第六步，对所有台风记录重复以上步骤，得到所有台风前进向和法向为基础的SST网格化数据集。In the sixth step, the above steps are repeated for all typhoon records to obtain the SST gridded dataset based on the forward direction and normal direction of all typhoons.

第七步，利用网格化数据集进行海洋环境响应过程分析，分析台风左右侧、前后方的海洋响应空间性差异。The seventh step is to use the gridded data set to analyze the marine environmental response process and analyze the spatial differences in the marine response on the left and right sides and in front and behind the typhoon.

通过利用网格化的SST遥感观测向空间数据集进行插值，得到投影后的SST数据的结果可以清晰地展示台风移动过程中整个轨迹周边的SST响应过程，结合时间变化过程，则可以对海洋响应过程进行有效分析，揭示台风对海洋影响的空间异质性和作用机制，并进一步用于探讨不同区域海洋变化对台风影响的作用机制。该方法对于加强海洋台风相互作用的科学认识，推动台风强度预报模型参数方案更新换代有重要的科学意义和实际价值。By interpolating the gridded SST remote sensing observations to the spatial data set, the projected SST data can clearly show the SST response process around the entire track during the typhoon movement. Combined with the time change process, the ocean response process can be effectively analyzed, revealing the spatial heterogeneity and mechanism of the typhoon's impact on the ocean, and further used to explore the mechanism of the impact of ocean changes on typhoons in different regions. This method has important scientific significance and practical value for strengthening the scientific understanding of the interaction between ocean typhoons and promoting the updating of typhoon intensity forecast model parameter schemes.

实施例4，如图6所示，本发明实施例提供的海洋环境要素的台风移动轨迹前向法投影系统包括：Embodiment 4, as shown in FIG6 , the typhoon movement track forward projection system of the marine environment elements provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

三次样条插值模块1，用于对拉格朗日特征的台风离散轨迹点进行1小时间隔的三次样条插值，增加台风观测的时间和空间分辨率；Cubic spline interpolation module 1 is used to perform cubic spline interpolation of typhoon discrete track points with Lagrangian characteristics at intervals of 1 hour to increase the temporal and spatial resolution of typhoon observations;

空间投影转换模块2，用于将经纬度投影方式(lon,lat)向实际空间距离进行墨卡托投影转换，确定每台风记录点投影转换后的空间点(x,y)；The spatial projection conversion module 2 is used to convert the latitude and longitude projection mode (lon, lat) to the actual spatial distance by Mercator projection, and determine the spatial point (x, y) after the projection conversion of each typhoon record point;

台风移动方向的法向求解模块3，用于利用数学矢量法求解台风移动方向左右法相，该步骤分按照台风轨迹中起点、中间点和终点的不同特征分别进行计算，得到不同类型台风轨迹点处的左右法向边界点；The normal solution module 3 of the typhoon moving direction is used to solve the left and right normal phases of the typhoon moving direction by using the mathematical vector method. This step is calculated according to the different characteristics of the starting point, the middle point and the end point in the typhoon track to obtain the left and right normal boundary points at different types of typhoon track points;

确定空间区域模块4，用于根据台风影响区域范围，以R＝200km为限，确定法向距离，界定研究区域；Determine the spatial region module 4, which is used to determine the normal distance and define the study area according to the range of the typhoon impact area, with R = 200km as the limit;

确定空间分辨率模块5，用于基于海洋响应动力过程的空间尺度和遥感数据的空间分辨率，以r＝10km为法向空间分辨率，并以此界定研究区域内的法向空间分辨率；Determine the spatial resolution module 5, which is used to define the normal spatial resolution within the study area based on the spatial scale of the ocean response dynamic process and the spatial resolution of the remote sensing data, with r = 10 km as the normal spatial resolution;

空间位置数据集形成模块6，用于确定台风覆盖范围内前进向及其法向空间点位置，形成空间位置数据集，并完成墨卡托投影(x,y)向经纬度投影(lon,lat)的转换；The spatial position data set forming module 6 is used to determine the forward direction and the normal spatial point position within the typhoon coverage area, form a spatial position data set, and complete the conversion from Mercator projection (x, y) to latitude and longitude projection (lon, lat);

海洋环境要素场插值模块7，用于利用笛卡尔坐标系的网格化海洋环境要素数据向空间位置数据集进行线性空间插值；The marine environment element field interpolation module 7 is used to perform linear spatial interpolation on the spatial position data set using the gridded marine environment element data of the Cartesian coordinate system;

迭代求解模块8，用于对所有台风记录重复迭代，得到系统完整的台风前进向和法向为基础的网格化数据集；Iterative solution module 8 is used to repeatedly iterate all typhoon records to obtain a gridded data set based on the systematic and complete typhoon forward direction and normal direction;

海洋响应过程分析模块9，用于对得到的投影转向后的网格化数据集进行海洋环境响应过程分析。The ocean response process analysis module 9 is used to perform ocean environment response process analysis on the gridded data set obtained after the projection steering.

在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述或记载的部分，可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

上述装置/单元之间的信息交互、执行过程等内容，由于与本发明方法实施例基于同一构思，其具体功能及带来的技术效果，具体可参见方法实施例部分，此处不再赘述。Since the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the above-mentioned devices/units are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present invention, their specific functions and technical effects can be found in the method embodiment part and will not be repeated here.

所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能单元、模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能单元、模块完成，即将所述装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能单元或模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。实施例中的各功能单元、模块可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中，上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。另外，各功能单元、模块的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分，并不用于限制本发明的保护范围。上述系统中单元、模块的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程。Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment.

本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机设备，该计算机设备包括：至少一个处理器、存储器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述至少一个处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述任意各个方法实施例中的步骤。An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor, wherein the processor implements the steps in any of the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时可实现上述各个方法实施例中的步骤。An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments can be implemented.

本发明实施例还提供了一种信息数据处理终端，所述信息数据处理终端用于实现于电子装置上执行时，提供用户输入接口以实施如上述各方法实施例中的步骤，所述信息数据处理终端不限于手机、电脑、交换机。An embodiment of the present invention further provides an information data processing terminal, which, when executed on an electronic device, provides a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments. The information data processing terminal is not limited to mobile phones, computers, and switches.

本发明实施例还提供了一种服务器，所述服务器用于实现于电子装置上执行时，提供用户输入接口以实施如上述各方法实施例中的步骤。An embodiment of the present invention further provides a server, which is used to provide a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments when executed on an electronic device.

本发明实施例提供了一种计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在电子设备上运行时，使得电子设备执行时可实现上述各个方法实施例中的步骤。An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer program product. When the computer program product runs on an electronic device, the electronic device can implement the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program product.

所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，该计算机程序在被处理器执行时，可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中，所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机可读介质至少可以包括：能够将计算机程序代码携带到拍照装置/终端设备的任何实体或装置、记录介质、计算机存储器、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random AccessMemory，RAM)、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质。例如U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等。If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present application implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, which can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may at least include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code to the camera/terminal device, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium. For example, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a disk or an optical disk.

以上所述，仅为本发明较优的具体的实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.