CN1205073A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

As shown in figure 10, known

301 as this air conditioner comprises

306 and bypass circulation (being represented by dotted lines) 313;

306 sequentially has:

302,

303, colod-application excessively dual

310,

304,

305, four-

309 and

308;

313 on the

321 between above-mentioned

303 and the dual

310 with

306 branches, by

312 and dual

310, near the

322 above-mentioned

308 inlets, converge with major loop 306.So far, as single cold-producing mediums such as cold-producing medium use HCFC (liquid chlorofluorocarbon) 22.Condenser (for example, to the outdoor air heat radiation) 303 makes the condensation of refrigerant of

302 outputs, separates on

321 along

306 main flow cold-producing medium that flows and the bypass flow cold-producing medium that flows along bypass circulation 313.The main flow cold-producing medium in dual

310, by with crosses by the heat exchange of the above-mentioned bypass flow cold-producing medium behind the

312 cold after, reduce pressure by main expansion mechanism 304.And the main flow cold-producing medium is by evaporimeter (for example, from room air heat absorption) 305 evaporations, by four-

309 and the

308 that carries out gas-liquid separation, is inhaled into compressor 302.On the other hand, the bypass flow cold-producing medium is after reducing pressure by above-mentioned

312, by evaporating with the heat exchange of main flow cold-producing medium in dual tubing heat exchanger 310.After this, the bypass flow cold-producing medium converges with the main flow cold-producing medium near the

322

308 inlets.

Like this, cold by utilizing 310 pairs of main flow cold-producing mediums of dual tubing heat exchanger to carry out, compared with not carrying out cold situation, can increase the refrigerating effect of main flow cold-producing medium.Also have, because by from cold-producing medium stream, making bypass flow branch that the volume flow of main flow cold-producing medium has been reduced, so, as the pressure of Figure 11 B-than enthalpy diagram (below, be called " ph figure ") shown in, can reduce in the

305 and

302 absorbs pressure loss Δ P in the side lines (for relatively, the pressure loss Δ Po that did not carry out when cold being shown among Figure 11 A).Thereby, can improve the refrigerating capacity of system.Moreover the position of representing with A, B, C among Figure 11 B is corresponding to A, B near the point on Figure 10

301 322, the state that C is ordered.As seeing clearly well by Figure 11 C that illustrates after Figure 11 B is partly amplified, the bypass flow cold-producing medium that arrival A is ordered converges with the main flow cold-producing medium that arrival B is ordered, and can access the state that C is ordered.

As shown in fig. 1, the air conditioner of one embodiment of the invention comprises

1, and

1 comprises

6 and bypass circulation (being represented by dotted lines) 13.As cold-producing medium, use the mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant that constitutes by R-32/134a or R-407C along

1 circulation.

6 sequentially has:

2, and

3, as the dual

10 of crossing colod-application heat exchanger, as the main expansion mechanism 4 of the 1st expansion mechanism,

5, four-

9 and reservoir 8.Bypass

13 on the

21 between

3 and the dual

10 with

6 branches, by

12 and dual

10, near the

22

8 inlets, converge with

6 as the 2nd expansion mechanism.Dual

10 carries out heat exchange at the main flow cold-producing medium that flows along

6 and between by bypass flow cold-producing medium behind the

12, that flow along above-mentioned bypass circulation 13.That is, utilize, constitute with simple loop and also can carry out cold the main flow cold-producing medium by the bypass flow cold-producing medium behind the bypass expansion mechanism 12.In detail, as pattern as shown in Fig. 4 A, dual

10 has:

10a; The

10b that is provided with concentric circles in the outside of interior pipe 10a.Setting makes the direction of flow of refrigerant, so that the bypass flow cold-producing medium that flows in the

10a, and clip the tube wall of the

10a with conductivity of heat along the main flow cold-producing medium that the

10c between

10a and the

10b flows, along opposite mutually direction flow (reverse flow type heat exchanger).Like this, use under the situation of reverse flow type heat exchanger at

10, shown in Fig. 4 B, become bigger at MTD both sides, relevant with the flow direction between main flow cold-producing medium and the bypass flow cold-producing medium of the tube wall of the

10a with conductivity of heat.For example, become than the MTD of flow-type heat exchanger situation is big in the same way shown in Fig. 4 C.The result is to improve the ability of

10.

So, condenser (for example, to the outdoor air heat radiation) 3 makes the condensation of refrigerant of compressor shown in Figure 12 outputs, separates on

21 along

6 main flow cold-producing medium that flows and the bypass flow cold-producing medium that flows along bypass circulation 13.The main flow cold-producing medium in

10, by with crosses by the heat exchange of the above-mentioned bypass flow cold-producing medium behind the

12 cold after, reduce pressure by main expansion mechanism 4.And the main flow cold-producing medium is by evaporimeter (for example, from room air heat absorption) 5 evaporations, by four-

9 and the

8 that carries out gas-liquid separation, is inhaled into compressor 2.On the other hand, the bypass flow cold-producing medium is after reducing pressure by

12, by evaporating with the heat exchange of main flow cold-producing medium in heat exchanger 10.After this, the bypass flow cold-producing medium converges with the main flow cold-producing medium near the

22

8 inlets.

Like this, cold by utilizing 10 pairs of main flow cold-producing mediums of heat exchanger to carry out, compared with not carrying out cold situation, can increase the refrigerating effect of main flow cold-producing medium.Also have, because by from cold-producing medium stream, making bypass flow branch that the volume flow of main flow cold-producing medium has been reduced, so, with do not carry out cold situation (with reference to Figure 11 A) and compared, as the pressure of Fig. 2-, can reduce in the

5 and pressure loss Δ P that

2 absorbs in the side lines than as shown in the enthalpy diagram (ph figure).Thereby, can improve the refrigerating capacity of system.Moreover the place of representing with A, B, C among Fig. 2 is corresponding to A, B near the point on Figure 1A

1 22, the state that C is ordered.

And, because it is different mutually to constitute the boiling point of each cold-producing medium of the mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant that flows along

1, so, in the ph figure shown in Fig. 2, in two-phase region (wet steam range), on thermoisopleth, produce gradient (for the inclination of specific enthalpy axle.Below, be called " thermograde ").Compare with the situation of using the unitary system cryogen, make the inlet temperature reduction of

5 because of the thermograde of this two-phase region.Thereby, make the fluid that absorbs heat by evaporimeter 5 (for example, the room air that contacts and circulate with the fin of evaporimeter) and become big by the temperature difference between the cold-producing medium in this

5, the heat-exchange capacity of

5 is increased.For example, as shown in Figure 3,, then make the heat-exchange capacity of

5 increase about 15% if the inlet temperature of

5 reduces 2deg.The result is, compares with the situation of using the unitary system cryogen, can make cold refrigerating capacity improve that part that heat-exchange capacity increased that effect has only further improved evaporimeter 5.Also have, as shown in Figure 1A because

13 between

3 and

10 with

6 branches, so, utilize

10 and cold excessively object is the main flow cold-producing medium.Thereby, can do the size of

10 lessly.

Moreover, as shown in Figure 1B, also can make bypass circulation 13 (

21A) and

6 branches between

10 and main expansion mechanism 4.Under these circumstances because by after the

10, with main flow cold-producing medium branch the bypass flow cold-producing medium enter in the

12, so the possibility that two-phase fluid enters

12 diminishes.Thereby, there is not

12 to cause the possibility of vibration, can stably work.

As mentioned above,

10 is utilizing

3 to become main flow cold-producing medium condensing state, that flow along

6, and by behind the

12, carry out heat exchange between the bypass flow cold-producing medium.That is,

10 is basically as by after the

3, by the main flow cold-producing medium before the

5, and the bypass flow cold-producing medium between carry out heat exchange liquid-liquid heat exchanger work.In contrast, as shown in Figure 5,, also can use gas phase main flow cold-producing medium, make

10 as liquid suction heat exchanger work by

5 backs (compressor suction side) for cold to being undertaken by the main flow cold-producing medium behind the condenser 5.Just, under the situation that such as shown in fig. 1

10 is worked as liquid-liquid heat exchanger, as shown in the ph figure of Fig. 7 A, because of the thermograde of two-phase region, the MTD Δ Tm relevant with the flow direction in

10 becomes bigger than the Δ Tm (shown in Fig. 7 B) under the situation of working as liquid suction heat exchanger.Thereby, can make the size of

10 smaller, the suction side degree of superheat that does not produce

2 becomes big such unfavorable condition (with reference to Fig. 6).The result is can more effectively bring into play because of using the effect of the refrigerating capacity improvement that mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant produced.

Fig. 8 illustrates and comprises that the refrigeration heat that stores in the use ice carried out another embodiment air conditioner of

101 to cold-producing medium.This

101 comprises

106 and short-circuit loop 113.As cold-producing medium, use the mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant that constitutes by R-32/134a or R-407C along

101 circulations.

106 sequentially has:

102 as the

103 of condenser, is used for the

107 of temporary transient store refrigerant, the 2nd

112, as the 1st

104 of the 1st expansion mechanism, as the

105 of evaporimeter, reservoir 108.Being parallel-connected on the 2nd

112 as outside link 110b, the indoor link 11C of the accumulation of heat of crossing colod-application heat exchanger with heat exchanger 110.In filling, the

110a that crawls along vertical direction is set, forms accumulation of heat with

110 as the

109 of the water W of accumulation of heat medium.The 1st open and close valve 111 is inserted into accumulation of heat with on the

109 and the pipe arrangement between the link 110b of outside of heat exchanger 110.Short-

113, converges with

106 near the inlet of

108 with branch between the

109 of

110 and the 1st open and close valve 111 from accumulation of heat.The 2nd open and

114 is inserted on the short-circuit loop 113.According to the running status of air conditioner and from the signal of each thermistor Th1, Th2, pressure sensor Ps, utilize the aperture of switching, the 1st

104 and the 2nd

112 of controller for opening and closing 116 control the 1st open and close valves 111 and the 2nd open and

114.

When regenerative operation, utilize controller for opening and closing 116 to make the 1st open and close valve 111 become the state of closing, make the 2nd open and

114 become out state, make the 1st

104 become full-shut position, simultaneously, according to aperture from signal controlling the 2nd

112 of thermistor Th1, pressure sensor Ps.At this moment, the cold-producing medium of

102 outputs is (among Fig. 8, represent the direction that flows with solid arrow) utilize

103 condensations, by holding vessel the 107, the 2nd

112, use in the

110, after evaporating, in accumulation of heat by the 2nd open and

114 of short-

113 with the heat exchange of above-mentioned water W,

108 by

106 is inhaled into compressor 102.Water W in the

109 is by condensation is attached to as ice on the surface of

110a with the heat exchange of the cold-producing medium that passes through cooling tube 110a.Thus, the refrigeration heat is stored in

109.

When carrying out the refrigerating operaton of accumulation of heat recovery, utilize controller for opening and closing 116 to make the 1st open and close valve 111 become out state, make second open and

114 become the state of closing, according to from signal controlling the 1st

104 of thermistor Th2, pressure sensor Ps and the aperture of the 2nd electric expansion valve 112.At this moment, the cold-producing medium of

102 output (among Fig. 8, the with dashed lines arrow is represented the direction that flows) utilizes

103 condensations, by holding vessel 107.After this, the part of cold-producing medium is by the 2nd

112, directly arrive point 110C, but, remaining cold-producing medium passes through the 1st open and close valve 111 from branch point 110b, the heat exchange of the ice that accumulation of heat generates by with regenerative operation the time in

110 cross cold after, arrive point 110C.At this moment, utilize the aperture of the 2nd

112 to determine by the cold-producing medium of the 2nd

112 and the flow-rate ratio of using the cold-producing medium of

110 by accumulation of heat.Because it is cold that accumulation of heat uses the refrigeration heat that stores in ice that above-mentioned cold-producing medium was carried out with

110, so, can carry out cold to cold-producing medium effectively by cooling tube 110.After the cold-producing medium that converges on the point 110C is by 104 decompressions of the 1st electric expansion valve,,, be inhaled into

102 by

108 by in

105, evaporating with the heat exchange of room air.

Like this, carried out coldly with 110 pairs of cold-producing mediums of heat exchanger by accumulation of heat, compared, and can increase refrigerating effect with not carrying out cold situation.And, because the boiling point of each cold-producing medium of the mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant of formation inflow

105 is different mutually, so, in the ph figure shown in Fig. 2, in two-phase region (wet steam range), on thermoisopleth, produce gradient (for the inclination of specific enthalpy axle.Below, be called " thermograde ").Compare with the situation of using the unitary system cryogen, make the inlet temperature reduction of

105 because of the thermograde of this two-phase region.Thereby, make the room air that dispels the heat by

105 and become big by the temperature difference between the cold-producing medium in this

105, the heat-exchange capacity of

105 is increased.The result is, compares with the situation of using the unitary system cryogen, can make cold refrigerating capacity improve that part that heat-exchange capacity increased that effect has only further improved

105.

In order to carry out common refrigerating operaton, not carrying out accumulation of heat reclaims, utilize controller for opening and closing 116 to make the 1st open and close valve 111 and second open and

114 become the state of closing, make second

112 become full-gear, aperture according to from signal controlling the 1st

104 of thermistor Th2, pressure sensor Ps gets final product.At this moment, the cold-producing medium of

102 outputs utilizes

103 condensations, by holding vessel the 107, the 2nd

112, evaporates by

105, by

108, is inhaled into

102.

The equipment H of outdoor unit A is the equipment that couples together with array apparatus under

205 handles: reservoir 208; Utilize change-over

207 compressor driven 201; Four-

202;

203; Cross colod-

225; During refrigerating operaton, the check-

209 that cold-producing medium is only passed through along a direction (among the figure, the direction of representing with solid arrow); Be parallel-connected on the check-

209

204 of the warm operation of system usefulness.Similarly, another equipment I is the equipment that couples together with array apparatus under

205 handles: reservoir 208; Utilize change-over

207 compressor driven 201; Four-

202;

203; Cross colod-

225B; During refrigerating operaton, the check-

209 that cold-producing medium is only passed through along a direction; Be parallel-connected to

204 on the check-

209, the warm operation of system usefulness.Each indoor unit B, C, D, E are same internal structure, are respectively the unit that couples together with array apparatus under

212 handles:

210; During the warm operation of system, make the cold-producing medium check-

213 that only opposite direction is passed through along with refrigerating operaton the time; Be parallel-connected to

211 on the check-

213, that refrigerating operaton is used.Moreover, below, be illustrated with regard to refrigerating operaton.

In indoor unit B, C,

215, another

216 form a

217, by

215, unit B, C in the pipe are connected in parallel mutually, by

216, can be connected to indoor unit B, C cold-producing medium circularly on the equipment H of outdoor unit A simultaneously.Similarly, in indoor unit D, E,

218, another

219 form another

220, by

218, indoor unit D, E are connected in parallel mutually, by

219, can be connected to indoor unit D, E cold-producing medium circularly on another equipment I of outdoor unit A simultaneously.The pressure sensor 235,236 that is used to detect each refrigerant loop running status is set near the suction side (refrigerant inlet of outdoor unit A) of the

201 of each refrigerant loop 217,220.

Bypass line 230,230B are arranged between the

220 of the

217 of equipment H side and equipment I side.Bypass circulation 230 (having refrigerant piping 227,228) is near downstream side (outlet the during refrigerating operaton) branch of the

203 of

220, by the colod-

225 of the mistake of open and close valve 231,

226,

217, near the inlet of the reservoir 208 of

220, converge with refrigerant loop 220.Bypass

230B (having

227B, 228B) is near downstream side (outlet the during refrigerating operaton) branch of the

203 of

217, by the colod-

225B of the mistake of open and

231B,

226B,

220, near the inlet of the reservoir 208 of

217, converge with refrigerant loop 217.Cross colod-

225 and for example similarly constitute with dual

10 shown in Fig. 4 A, the main flow cold-producing medium that flows along

217 with between the bypass flow cold-producing medium mobile, carry out heat exchange from the

230 of

220 branches.On the other hand, cross cool-heat-

225B, carry out heat exchange at the main flow cold-producing medium that flows along

220 and between the bypass flow cold-producing medium mobile from the

230B of

217 branches.

When not carrying out cold common refrigerating operaton, utilize not shown control device to make open and close valve 231 and the 231B of bypass circulation 230,230B become the state of closing.At this moment,

217 and

220 carry out refrigerating operaton independently of each other.For example, in

220, the cold-producing medium of

201 outputs (among Fig. 9, representing stream with solid arrow) utilizes

203 condensations of working as condenser, by being in

225B, the check-

209 that does not carry out under the heat exchange state.After this,

211 decompressions by each indoor unit B, C evaporate by the

210 that works as evaporimeter, and the reservoir 208 by outdoor unit A are inhaled into compressor 201.In

217, also be same.

When refrigerant loop 217,220 carries out refrigerating operaton independently,, suppose for example to be judged as and have a surplus, in

220 1 sides refrigeration shortage of heat at

217 1 sides refrigeration heat based on the output of pressure sensor 235,236.According to this judged result, by control device open and close valve 231 is set at the state of closing, 231B is set at out state open and close valve, transfers to

220 and carries out cold refrigerating operaton.At this moment, make a part of branch of the cold-producing medium that flows along cold-producing

217, flow along

230B as bypass flow cold-producing medium (among Fig. 9, the with dashed lines arrow is represented the direction that flows).The result is, crosses colod-

225B and carry out heat exchange between the main flow cold-producing medium that flows along

220 and the bypass flow cold-producing medium mobile along bypass circulation 230.That is, in

220,

203 condensations that the cold-producing medium utilization of

201 outputs is worked as condenser were undertaken cold by heat exchanger 225B.Thus, by check-valves 209.After this,

211 decompressions by each indoor unit B, C evaporate by the

210 that works as evaporimeter, and the reservoir 208 by outdoor unit A are inhaled into

201.

Like this, cold by utilizing

225B that cold-producing medium was carried out, compared with not carrying out cold situation, can increase refrigerating effect.And, because the boiling point of each cold-producing medium of the mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant of formation inflow

210 is different, so, in the ph figure shown in Fig. 2, in two-phase region (wet steam range), on thermoisopleth, produce gradient (for the inclination of specific enthalpy axle.Below, be called " thermograde ").Compare with the situation of using the unitary system cryogen, make the inlet temperature reduction of

210 because of the thermograde of this two-phase region.Thereby, make the room air that dispels the heat by

210 and become big by the temperature difference between the cold-producing medium in this

210, the heat-exchange capacity of

210 is increased.The result is, compares with the situation of using the unitary system cryogen, can make cold refrigerating capacity improve that part that heat-exchange capacity increased that effect has only further improved

210.

When refrigerant loop 217,220 carries out refrigerating operaton independently, output based on pressure sensor 235,236, have a surplus being judged as on the contrary at

220 1 sides refrigeration heat with above-mentioned situation, under the situation of

217 1 sides refrigeration shortage of heat, according to this judged result, by control device open and close valve 231 is set at out state, 231B is set at the state of closing open and close valve, transfers to

217 and carries out cold refrigerating operaton.

1. air conditioner, it comprises makes the order mobile refrigerant loop (1,101,217) of cold-producing medium with compressor (2,102,201), condenser (3,103,203), mistake colod-application heat exchanger (10,110,225), the 1st expansion mechanism (4,104,211) and evaporimeter (5,105,210), it is characterized in that, use mixed non-azeotropic refrigerant as described cold-producing medium.

2. air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described refrigerant loop (1) comprises bypass circulation (13), bypass circulation (13) between described condenser (3) and the 1st expansion mechanism (4) with major loop (6) branch, on described compressor (2) suction side, converge with described major loop (6); Simultaneously, in bypass circulation (13), has the 2nd expansion mechanism (12);

The colod-application heat exchanger of described mistake (10) the main flow cold-producing medium that flows along described major loop (6) with by behind described the 2nd expansion mechanism (12), carry out heat exchange along described bypass circulation (13) between the mobile bypass flow cold-producing medium.

3. air conditioner according to claim 2 is characterized in that:

Described bypass circulation (13) is at described condenser (3) and cross between the colod-application heat exchanger (10) and described major loop (6) branch.

4. air conditioner according to claim 2 is characterized in that:

Described bypass circulation (13) between colod-application heat exchanger of described mistake (10) and the 1st expansion mechanism (4) with described major loop (6) branch.

5. according to each described air conditioner in the claim 2,3 or 4, it is characterized in that:

The colod-application heat exchanger of described mistake (10) is for described main flow cold-producing medium and described bypass flow cold-producing medium clip the wall (10a) with conductivity of heat, along the mobile reverse flow type heat exchanger of opposite mutually direction.

6. air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The colod-application heat exchanger of described mistake (110) uses the refrigeration heat that stores in ice, carried out cold to described cold-producing medium.

7. air conditioner according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The colod-application heat exchanger of mistake (225) of described refrigerant loop (217) uses the refrigeration heat of supplying with from other refrigerant loops (220), carries out cold to described cold-producing medium.