CN1508965A - Self-adjusting oscillator of USB connection interface - Google Patents

A self-tuning oscillator for a USB interface, comprising: at least one voltage control oscillator for generating a USB synchronous oscillation signal to the line of the USB electronic device, wherein the synchronous frequency in the USB synchronous oscillation signal is used as the reference frequency for the line work in the USB electronic device; and at least one frequency feedback calculation and adjustment unit, which is connected with a USB connection interface to capture the synchronous signals of the D + data line and the D-data line of the USB, and is connected with the synchronous frequency feedback generated by the voltage control oscillator to judge according to the ratio of the synchronous signal to the synchronous frequency, and sends a frequency adjustment signal to the voltage control oscillator to relatively adjust the speed of the synchronous frequency generated by the voltage control oscillator; the invention adopts non-quartz oscillation to generate synchronous frequency, can effectively reduce noise components in signals, reduces the cost of circuit design, simplifies the circuit, and can obtain the synchronous frequency with stable precision by a feedback closed loop mode.

USB连接界面的自调式振荡器Self-tuning oscillator for USB interface

技术领域technical field

本发明有关于一种USB连接界面的自调式振荡器，尤指一种用于USB连接界面的同步振荡信号产生，及以非石英振荡频率构成的自调式振荡器。The invention relates to a self-adjusting oscillator for a USB connection interface, in particular to a self-adjusting oscillator for synchronous oscillation signal generation of the USB connection interface and composed of a non-quartz oscillation frequency.

背景技术Background technique

USB(Universal Serial Bus-USBs)连接器是广泛应用于与USB界面电路的连结，通过USB接头可以将信号与USB界面电路相连结，进而让USB信号可以传输至USB界面电路所连结的USB电子设备中，但在USB电子设备的USB界面电路与USB信号连结传输的过程中，USB电子设备内的电路动作或控制动作必需与USB信号传输取得同步，因此，必需在USB界面电路中加设一同步振荡器来产生同步频率，以确保电路信号传输及动作的同步。The USB (Universal Serial Bus-USBs) connector is widely used in connection with the USB interface circuit. The signal can be connected to the USB interface circuit through the USB connector, so that the USB signal can be transmitted to the USB electronic device connected to the USB interface circuit. However, in the process of connecting and transmitting the USB interface circuit of the USB electronic device and the USB signal, the circuit action or control action in the USB electronic device must be synchronized with the USB signal transmission. Therefore, a synchronization must be added to the USB interface circuit. The oscillator is used to generate the synchronous frequency to ensure the synchronization of circuit signal transmission and action.

如图4所示，为习知的USB连接界面的同步振荡器作法，是利用USB信号传输过程中的D+资料线与D-资料线在每隔一定时间即会产生的一组固定的同步信号D1及D2(请参考USBV1.1规格说明)，将此信号撷取后，配合一石英振荡元件与振荡电路来产生同步频率，但以石英振荡元件所组成的石英振荡线路，在应用于USB界面电路连接时，首先是石英振荡线路本身因石英振荡元件成本较高及线路设计相当复杂的因素，而致使整个振荡线路的成本亦相对偏高，不符电路应用的经济成本与产业利用价值；除此之外，石英振荡元件为自然频率易产生杂讯，而使USB连接界面的USB连接器存有电磁杂讯干扰的问题，影响USB连接界面的线路与信号连结传输的品质与稳定度。As shown in Figure 4, the conventional synchronous oscillator method of the USB connection interface is to use a set of fixed synchronous signals generated by the D+ data line and the D- data line during the USB signal transmission process at regular intervals D1 and D2 (please refer to the USBV1.1 specification description), after the signal is captured, a crystal oscillator and an oscillator circuit are used to generate a synchronous frequency, but the crystal oscillator circuit composed of a crystal oscillator is used in the USB interface When the circuit is connected, first of all, the cost of the crystal oscillator circuit itself is relatively high due to the high cost of the crystal oscillator component and the rather complicated circuit design, which does not meet the economic cost and industrial utilization value of the circuit application; in addition In addition, the natural frequency of the quartz oscillator is easy to generate noise, and the USB connector of the USB connection interface has the problem of electromagnetic noise interference, which affects the quality and stability of the line and signal connection transmission of the USB connection interface.

发明内容Contents of the invention

缘此，本发明的主要目的即是提供一种连接界面的自调式振荡器，具有一电压控制振荡器及频率反馈计算调整单元，可以用非石英振荡元件及石英振荡频率方式来产生USB连接界面的同步频率，以降低电路成本。Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-tuning oscillator with a connection interface, which has a voltage-controlled oscillator and a frequency feedback calculation and adjustment unit, and can use non-quartz oscillating components and quartz oscillating frequency methods to generate a USB connection interface synchronization frequency to reduce circuit cost.

本发明的再一目的即是在提供一种USB连接界面的自调式振荡器，其中，电压控制振荡器反馈所产生的同步频率给频率反馈计算调整单元，以形成一具回校控制的闭回路系统，可以降低犯连接界面与信号连结及传输的电磁杂讯。Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-tuning oscillator with a USB connection interface, wherein the synchronous frequency generated by the voltage-controlled oscillator feedback is given to the frequency feedback calculation and adjustment unit to form a closed loop of back-to-calibration control The system can reduce the electromagnetic noise of the connection interface and signal connection and transmission.

为达上述的目的，本发明提出了一种USB连接界面的自调式振荡器，包含有：至少一电压控制振荡器，用来产生一USB同步振荡信号给USB电子设备的线路，该USB同步振荡信号中的同步频率作为USB电子设备内的线路工作的基准频率；以及至少一频率反馈计算调整单元，连结一USB连接界面，以撷取USB的D+资料线与D-资料线的同步信号，并接受电压控制振荡器产生的同步频率反馈，以通过该撷取USB的D+资料线与D-资料线的同步信号与电压控制振荡器所反馈的同步频率的比值大小进行判断，而依据反馈的同步频率快或慢的判定结果，发出一频率调整信号给电压控制振荡器，以相对调整电压控制振荡器所产生的同步频率的快、慢，使该电压控制振荡器可以用非石英振荡方式输出USB同步频率。In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a self-tuning oscillator for a USB connection interface, including: at least one voltage-controlled oscillator, which is used to generate a USB synchronous oscillation signal to the circuit of the USB electronic device, and the USB synchronous oscillation The synchronous frequency in the signal is used as the reference frequency of the circuit in the USB electronic device; and at least one frequency feedback calculation and adjustment unit is connected to a USB connection interface to capture the synchronous signal of the D+ data line and the D- data line of the USB, and Accept the synchronous frequency feedback generated by the voltage-controlled oscillator, and judge by the ratio of the synchronous signal of the D+ data line and D- data line that is captured by the USB to the synchronous frequency fed back by the voltage-controlled oscillator, and based on the feedback synchronous As a result of determining whether the frequency is fast or slow, a frequency adjustment signal is sent to the voltage-controlled oscillator to relatively adjust the speed and slowness of the synchronous frequency generated by the voltage-controlled oscillator, so that the voltage-controlled oscillator can output USB in a non-quartz oscillation mode. sync frequency.

本发明的自调式振荡器采非石英振荡产生同步频率，可有效降低信号中的杂讯成份，并且，以有别于习知的非石英振荡器作法，可以降低线路设计的成本及精简线路，而有利于产业上的利用，同时，此种以反馈闭回路的同步频率产生方式，也可以获较精率稳定的同步频率，诚为一极具产业利用价值的绝佳发明。The self-adjusting oscillator of the present invention adopts non-quartz oscillation to generate synchronous frequency, which can effectively reduce the noise component in the signal, and, different from the conventional non-quartz oscillator, can reduce the cost of circuit design and simplify the circuit. It is beneficial to industrial application. At the same time, this kind of synchronous frequency generation method with feedback closed loop can also obtain a more accurate and stable synchronous frequency. It is an excellent invention with great industrial application value.

本发明的详细构造及实际操作，将通过以下详细的说明使的明确，同时，列举一较佳实施例，并佐以相关图式，俾使其技术内容及结构空间形态得以更加清楚明了。The detailed structure and actual operation of the present invention will be clarified through the following detailed description, and at the same time, a preferred embodiment is listed, accompanied by related drawings, so that its technical content and structural space form can be more clearly understood.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的电路方块图；Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;

图2是本发明的系统动作流程图；Fig. 2 is a system action flowchart of the present invention;

图3是本发明的电压调整振荡器输出同步频率的波形响应图；Fig. 3 is the waveform response diagram of the output synchronous frequency of the voltage adjustment oscillator of the present invention;

图4为习知USB连接界面的资料线上的同步信号波形图。FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a synchronization signal on a data line of a conventional USB connection interface.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

首先请参阅图1所示，为本发明的电路方块图，其中，该自调式振荡器100，至少包含一电压控制振荡器(VOC)10及频率反馈计算调整单元20，该电压控制振荡器10用来产生一USB同步振荡信号X，该USB同步振荡信号X的频率则为最终所欲获取的同步频率，且该USB同步振荡信号X可提供给一电子设备200作为电路动作或控制的同步频率的基准信号，该USB电子设备200则为USB打印机、USB数据机等电脑周边设备。First please refer to FIG. 1, which is a circuit block diagram of the present invention, wherein the self-tuning oscillator 100 includes at least a voltage-controlled oscillator (VOC) 10 and a frequency feedback calculation and adjustment unit 20, and the voltage-controlled oscillator 10 Used to generate a USB synchronous oscillation signal X, the frequency of the USB synchronous oscillation signal X is the final synchronous frequency to be obtained, and the USB synchronous oscillation signal X can be provided to an electronic device 200 as a synchronous frequency for circuit operation or control The reference signal of the USB electronic device 200 is a computer peripheral device such as a USB printer and a USB modem.

上述的电压控制振荡器10所产生的USB同步振荡信号X则向该频率反馈计算调整单元20反馈，使该频率反馈计算调整单元20获得同步频率的反馈，该频率反馈计算调整单元20的型态不限，可以是微集成电路或等效的线路来构成，一方面除了接受电压控制振荡器10的同步频率反馈外，并连接一USB连接界面300，以撷取来自如图4所示的USB的D+资料线与D-资料线的同步信号D1及D2，并进而计算同步信号D1、D2与上述同步频率的比值，并依比值大小予以送出一频率调整信号J，以调整电压控制振荡器10所产生的同步频率的快、慢，而达到所欲控制的频率目标范围，有关于此同步频率的调整及操作步骤在以下文中会有详尽的说明，容后陈明。The USB synchronous oscillation signal X generated by the voltage-controlled oscillator 10 is fed back to the frequency feedback calculation and adjustment unit 20, so that the frequency feedback calculation and adjustment unit 20 obtains the feedback of the synchronous frequency. The type of the frequency feedback calculation and adjustment unit 20 Not limited, it can be formed by a micro-integrated circuit or an equivalent circuit. On the one hand, in addition to receiving the synchronous frequency feedback of the voltage-controlled oscillator 10, it is also connected to a USB connection interface 300, so as to capture data from the USB interface 300 as shown in FIG. 4 . The synchronous signals D1 and D2 of the D+ data line and the D- data line, and then calculate the ratio of the synchronous signal D1, D2 to the above-mentioned synchronous frequency, and send a frequency adjustment signal J according to the ratio to adjust the voltage control oscillator 10 The generated synchronous frequency is fast or slow, and reaches the frequency target range to be controlled. The adjustment and operation steps of this synchronous frequency will be described in detail in the following text, which will be presented later.

请再配合图2所示，本发明的自调式振荡器100的动作流程，包含步骤400～440，其中：Please refer to FIG. 2, the action flow of the self-tuning oscillator 100 of the present invention includes steps 400-440, wherein:

(400)同步信号撷取。是通过频率反馈计算调整单元20连结USB连接界面300，以撷取USB同步信号D1及D2(请参考图4所示)；(400) Synchronization signal acquisition. The frequency feedback calculation and adjustment unit 20 is connected to the USB connection interface 300 to capture the USB synchronization signals D1 and D2 (please refer to FIG. 4 );

(410)计算及判断反馈频率与同步信号的比值大小。即以频率反馈计算调整单元20将步骤400所撷取的同步信号D1及D2与电压控制振荡器10所输出的同步频率作比值计算，并依比值大小判定同步频率是否太快或太慢，如太慢则进行步骤(420)，如太快则进行步骤(430)；(410) Calculating and judging the ratio of the feedback frequency to the synchronous signal. That is, the frequency feedback calculation and adjustment unit 20 calculates the ratio between the synchronous signals D1 and D2 captured in step 400 and the synchronous frequency output by the voltage-controlled oscillator 10, and determines whether the synchronous frequency is too fast or too slow according to the ratio, as If it is too slow, then proceed to step (420), if it is too fast, then proceed to step (430);

(420)产生加速的频率调整信号。即当反馈的同步频率经频率反馈调整计算单元20计算判断为太慢时，则由频率反馈调整计算单元20送出加速的频率调整信号J给电压控制振荡器10。(420) Generate an accelerated frequency adjustment signal. That is, when the feedback synchronous frequency is judged to be too slow by the frequency feedback adjustment calculation unit 20 , the frequency feedback adjustment calculation unit 20 sends an accelerated frequency adjustment signal J to the VCO 10 .

(430)产生减速的频率调整信号。即当反馈的同步频率经频率反馈调整计算单元20计算判断为太快时，则由频率回投调整计算单元20送出减速的频率调整信号J给电压控制振荡器10。(430) Generate a frequency adjustment signal for deceleration. That is, when the feedback synchronous frequency is judged to be too fast by the frequency feedback adjustment calculation unit 20 , the frequency feedback adjustment calculation unit 20 sends a decelerated frequency adjustment signal J to the VCO 10 .

(440)由电压控制振荡器产生同步频率。(440) Generating a synchronization frequency from a voltage controlled oscillator.

以上所述本发明的自调式振荡器100的动作流程，仅为是便于说明本发明的技术内容所列举的操作步骤说明实施例之一，并非用以限制本发明的范畴，举凡是针对本发明中的电压控制振荡器10与频率反馈调整计算单元20所为的等效操作的流程，当不脱本发明所主张的范围。The operation process of the self-tuning oscillator 100 of the present invention described above is only one of the examples of operation steps listed to facilitate the description of the technical content of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The flow of equivalent operations performed by the VCO 10 and the frequency feedback adjustment calculation unit 20 should not depart from the scope of the present invention.

请再参阅图3所示，为本发明的自调式振荡器100中的电压控制振荡器10输出的同步频率的波形响应图，其中，横座标轴T为时间轴，纵座标轴V为电压轴，可以明显由该图3中看出其频率调整信号，该频率波形在短时间内呈现平稳状态，即本发明的自调式振荡器100采非石英振荡产生同步频率，可有效降低信号中的杂讯成份，并且，以有别于习知的非石英振荡器作法，可以降低线路设计的成本及精简线路，而有利于产业上的利用，同时，此种以反馈闭回路的同步频率产生方式，也可以获较精率稳定的同步频率，诚为一极具产业利用价值的绝佳发明。Please refer to FIG. 3 again, which is a waveform response diagram of the synchronous frequency output by the voltage-controlled oscillator 10 in the self-tuning oscillator 100 of the present invention, wherein the abscissa axis T is the time axis, and the ordinate axis V is the voltage Axis, its frequency adjustment signal can be clearly seen from this figure 3, the frequency waveform presents a stable state in a short period of time, that is, the self-adjusting oscillator 100 of the present invention adopts non-quartz oscillation to generate a synchronous frequency, which can effectively reduce the signal in the signal Noise components, and, different from the conventional non-quartz oscillator method, can reduce the cost of circuit design and simplify the circuit, which is conducive to industrial application. At the same time, this synchronous frequency generation method with feedback closed loop , and can also obtain a more accurate and stable synchronization frequency, it is an excellent invention with great industrial application value.

由以上图1～图3所示本发明的USB连接界面的自调式振荡器，其所揭示的相关说明内容及图式，是为便于阐明本发明的技术手段及技术内容，所列举的较佳实施例的一隅，并不因而拘限其范畴，并且，举凡一切针对本发明的结构细部修饰及元件的等效替代，当不脱本发明的创作精神及范畴，其范围将由权利要求书发明为来界定。The self-adjusting oscillator of the USB connection interface of the present invention shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 above, and the relevant descriptions and drawings disclosed therein are for the convenience of elucidating the technical means and technical contents of the present invention, and the listed preferred A corner of the embodiment does not limit its scope, and all the structural detail modifications and element equivalent replacements of the present invention should not depart from the creative spirit and scope of the present invention, and its scope will be defined by the claims. to define.