CN202815544U - Intelligent measurement and control system for greenhouse based on the Internet of things - Google Patents

本实用新型涉及一种基于物联网温室大棚智能测控系统，包括监测模块、中央控制系统，所述监测模块至少设置一组，监测模块连接中央控制系统，中央控制系统通过远程交互模块连接用户终端，所述监测模块包括环境感应模块及环境控制模块，环境感应模块包括温湿度传感器、光传感器、热释红外传感器，环境控制模块包括加热器、加湿器、风扇及各自的执行单元，所述智能测控系统还包括摄像头，所述摄像头与网关连接。本实用新型与现有技术相比，在温室大棚内实现自动信息检测与控制，且利用视频网络技术实现对生产环境的图像监控以及植物叶片等的生长图像的实时采集，直观地反映了农作物生产的实时状态，可以从整体上给农户提供更加科学的种植决策依据。

The utility model relates to an intelligent measurement and control system for greenhouses based on the Internet of Things, including a monitoring module and a central control system. The monitoring modules are provided with at least one group, the monitoring modules are connected to the central control system, and the central control system is connected to user terminals through a remote interaction module. The monitoring module includes an environmental sensing module and an environmental control module. The environmental sensing module includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a light sensor, and a pyro-infrared sensor. The environmental control module includes a heater, a humidifier, a fan, and respective execution units. The system also includes a camera connected to the gateway. Compared with the prior art, the utility model realizes automatic information detection and control in the greenhouse, and uses video network technology to realize image monitoring of the production environment and real-time collection of growth images of plant leaves, etc., which intuitively reflects crop production The real-time status of the plant can provide farmers with a more scientific basis for planting decision-making as a whole.

基于物联网温室大棚智能测控系统Intelligent measurement and control system for greenhouses based on the Internet of Things

技术领域 technical field

本实用新型涉及一种测控系统，具体而言，是一种基于物联网的用于温室大棚的测控系统。 The utility model relates to a measurement and control system, in particular to a measurement and control system for greenhouses based on the Internet of Things.

背景技术 Background technique

物联网指的是将各种信息传感设备如微纳传感器、射频识别(RFID)装置、红外感应器、全球定位系统、激光扫描器等装置与互联网结合起来而形成的一个巨大网络，实现人与物，物与物的信息传递和交换，并最终实现智能化的决策和管理。物联网主要包括“全面感知、可靠传送、智能处理”三项功能，这为全面感知农业、管理农业、智能决策提供了重要的发展机遇。 The Internet of Things refers to a huge network formed by combining various information sensing devices such as micro-nano sensors, radio frequency identification (RFID) devices, infrared sensors, global positioning systems, laser scanners, etc. Information transmission and exchange with things, things and things, and finally realize intelligent decision-making and management. The Internet of Things mainly includes three functions of "comprehensive perception, reliable transmission, and intelligent processing", which provide important development opportunities for comprehensive perception of agriculture, management of agriculture, and intelligent decision-making.

目前我国大多数农业生产，尤其种植业主要依靠人工经验施肥灌溉进行管理，这不仅浪费大量的人力物力，也对环境保护与水土保持构成严重威胁，并对农业可持续性发展带来严峻挑战。随着农业科技的发展，以及国家对三农的的高度重视，特别是国家2012年中央一号文件的颁发，实现农业持续稳定发展、长期确保农产品有效供给，根本出路在科技。农业生产在基于信息的智能装备方面，具有自主知识产权的核心技术装备较少，且成本高、农民难以接受。 At present, most of my country's agricultural production, especially the planting industry, mainly relies on manual fertilization and irrigation for management, which not only wastes a lot of manpower and material resources, but also poses a serious threat to environmental protection and soil and water conservation, and poses a severe challenge to the sustainable development of agriculture. With the development of agricultural science and technology, and the country's high attention to agriculture, rural areas and farmers, especially the issuance of the National Document No. 1 in 2012, the fundamental way out to achieve sustainable and stable development of agriculture and to ensure the effective supply of agricultural products in the long term lies in science and technology. In terms of information-based intelligent equipment for agricultural production, there are few core technical equipment with independent intellectual property rights, and the cost is high, which is difficult for farmers to accept.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

发明目的：本实用新型的目的是提供一种管理方便、自动化程度高的温室大棚智能测控系统。 Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this utility model is to provide an intelligent measurement and control system for greenhouses with convenient management and high automation.

技术方案：本实用新型通过如下技术手段加以实现： Technical solution: the utility model is realized through the following technical means:

基于物联网温室大棚智能测控系统，包括监测模块、中央控制系统，所述监测模块至少设置一组，监测模块连接中央控制系统，中央控制系统通过远程交互模块连接用户终端，所述监测模块包括环境感应模块及环境控制模块，环境感应模块包括温湿度传感器、光传感器、热释红外传感器，环境控制模块包括加热器、加湿器、风扇及各自的执行单元，所述智能测控系统还包括摄像头，所述摄像头与网关连接。 The intelligent measurement and control system for greenhouses based on the Internet of Things includes a monitoring module and a central control system. The monitoring module is provided with at least one group. The monitoring module is connected to the central control system. The central control system is connected to the user terminal through a remote interaction module. Sensing module and environmental control module, environmental sensing module includes temperature and humidity sensor, light sensor, pyro-infrared sensor, environmental control module includes heater, humidifier, fan and execution unit respectively, described intelligent measurement and control system also includes camera, all The camera is connected to the gateway.

所述温湿度传感器、光传感器、热释红外传感器与中央控制系统通过zigbee无线通信芯片连接。 The temperature and humidity sensor, light sensor, and pyro-infrared sensor are connected to the central control system through a zigbee wireless communication chip.

网关提供TCP/IP及GPRS/3G接口供远程终端访问。 The gateway provides TCP/IP and GPRS/3G interfaces for remote terminal access.

所述环境模块的执行单元受中央控制系统控制。 The execution units of the environmental modules are controlled by the central control system.

所述的远程终端包括PC与手机。 The remote terminal includes PC and mobile phone.

有益效果：本实用新型与现有技术相比，在温室大棚内实现自动信息检测与控制，每个无线传感节点可监测土壤水分、土壤温度、空气温度、空气湿度、光照强度、植物养分含量等参数。通过监测功能系统的信息收集、和接收无线传感汇聚节点发来的数据，进行处理、存储、显示管理。且 利用视频网络技术实现对生产环境的图像监控以及植物叶片等的生长图像的实时采集，直观地反映了农作物生产的实时状态，可以从整体上给农户提供更加科学的种植决策依据。 Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the utility model realizes automatic information detection and control in the greenhouse, and each wireless sensor node can monitor soil moisture, soil temperature, air temperature, air humidity, light intensity, and plant nutrient content and other parameters. Through the information collection of the monitoring function system, and receiving the data sent by the wireless sensor convergence node, it processes, stores, displays and manages. And the use of video network technology to realize the image monitoring of the production environment and the real-time collection of growth images of plant leaves, etc., intuitively reflects the real-time status of crop production, and can provide farmers with more scientific planting decision-making basis as a whole.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本实用新型结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

图2为本实用新型信号流向图。 Fig. 2 is a signal flow diagram of the utility model.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合说明书附图对本实用新型进行进一步详述： The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the description:

本实用新型涉及一种基于物联网温室大棚智能测控系统，包括中央控制单元、监测模块，中央控制单元包括主控芯片、协调器，主控芯片与协调器连接，所述中央控制单元还包括了若干数据接口，如TCP/IP接口、GPRS接口、RS232接口等，通过上述接口，主控芯片可以接收来自监测模块上传的信息，同时亦可将信息通过网关向外传递。 The utility model relates to an intelligent measurement and control system for greenhouses based on the Internet of Things, which includes a central control unit and a monitoring module. The central control unit includes a main control chip and a coordinator. The main control chip is connected to the coordinator. The central control unit also includes Several data interfaces, such as TCP/IP interface, GPRS interface, RS232 interface, etc. Through the above-mentioned interfaces, the main control chip can receive the information uploaded from the monitoring module, and at the same time, it can also transmit the information to the outside through the gateway.

本实用新型中，所述监测模块设置在大棚内，其根据大棚的实际大小设置模块数量，至少在大棚内设置一组模块，监测模块包括环境感应模块及环境控制模块，环境感应模块包括温湿度传感器、光传感器、热释红外传感器；环境感应模块用于将大棚内的相应数据指标加以收集，而后将其送入中央控制单元中加以处理，本实用新型中，所述温湿度传感器、光传感器、热释红外传感器与中央控制系统通过zigbee无线通信芯片连接，具体来说，是与中央控制系统的协调器相连接。 In the utility model, the monitoring module is arranged in the greenhouse, and the number of modules is set according to the actual size of the greenhouse. At least one group of modules is arranged in the greenhouse. The monitoring module includes an environmental sensing module and an environmental control module. The environmental sensing module includes a temperature and humidity sensor, light sensor, pyro-infrared sensor; the environmental sensing module is used to collect the corresponding data indicators in the greenhouse, and then send it to the central control unit for processing. In the utility model, the temperature and humidity sensor, light sensor 1. The pyro-infrared sensor is connected with the central control system through the zigbee wireless communication chip, specifically, it is connected with the coordinator of the central control system.

环境控制模块包括加热器、加湿器、风扇及各自的执行单元，环境控制模块受中央控制系统控制，在中央控制系统接收环境感应模块上传的数据后经过识别处理后，给环境控制模块相应的指令，环境控制模块控制对应的设备对大棚环境进行处理，使大棚内环境处于一个恒定值。 The environmental control module includes heaters, humidifiers, fans and their respective execution units. The environmental control module is controlled by the central control system. After the central control system receives the data uploaded by the environmental sensing module and undergoes identification and processing, it gives the corresponding instructions to the environmental control module. , the environment control module controls the corresponding equipment to process the greenhouse environment, so that the environment in the greenhouse is at a constant value.

本实用新型还包括一个摄像头，摄像头直接连接网关。所述的摄像头采集大棚内的实时图像，并将其加以传输，本实用新型中，所述的摄像头通过USB连接网关。 The utility model also includes a camera, which is directly connected to the gateway. The camera collects real-time images in the greenhouse and transmits them. In the utility model, the camera is connected to the gateway through USB.

所属网关提供了TCP/IP接口与GPRS/3G接口，可以连接远程电脑终端或手持终端，用户可以通过上述终端查询大棚内状态，亦可对大棚内环境进行修改。 The affiliated gateway provides TCP/IP interface and GPRS/3G interface, which can be connected to remote computer terminals or handheld terminals. Users can query the status of the greenhouse through the above terminals, and can also modify the environment in the greenhouse.

下面结合具体例子说明本实用新型： The utility model is illustrated below in conjunction with specific examples:

1、温湿度数据采集功能实现方案 1. Implementation scheme of temperature and humidity data collection function

系统采用温湿度数据采集节点来实现温湿度采集功能，传感器模组采用温湿度传感器 SHT10，采集环境的温度数据指标。数据采集完成后ZigBee 无线通信芯片将数据经路由器传输到协调器。这样温湿度采集节点便完成了一次工作周期。 The system uses the temperature and humidity data acquisition node to realize the temperature and humidity acquisition function, and the sensor module uses the temperature and humidity sensor SHT10 to collect the temperature data indicators of the environment. After the data collection is completed, the ZigBee wireless communication chip transmits the data to the coordinator through the router. In this way, the temperature and humidity collection node completes a working cycle.

2、光照度数据采集功能实现 2. Realization of illuminance data acquisition function

系统采用光照度数据采集节点来实现光照度数据采集功能，传感器模组采用光敏电阻采集环境的光照度数据指标。数据采集完成后 ZigBee 无线通信芯片将数据经路由器传输到协调器。这样光照度采集节点也完成了一次工作周期。 The system uses the illuminance data acquisition node to realize the illuminance data acquisition function, and the sensor module uses photoresistors to collect the illuminance data indicators of the environment. After the data collection is completed, the ZigBee wireless communication chip transmits the data to the coordinator through the router. In this way, the illuminance collection node also completes a working cycle.

3、安防信息数据采集功能 3. Security information data collection function

系统采用热释红外传感器节点来实现安防信息数据采集功能。传感器模组采用热释红外传感器采集温室外部的安防信息。数据采集完成后 ZigBee 无线通信芯片将数据经路由传给协调器。 The system uses pyro-infrared sensor nodes to realize the data collection function of security information. The sensor module uses pyro-infrared sensors to collect security information outside the greenhouse. After the data collection is completed, the ZigBee wireless communication chip transmits the data to the coordinator through routing.

4、风扇自动控制功能实现方案 4. Realization scheme of fan automatic control function

控制节点配备继电器模组，主控芯片通过控制继电器来驱动风扇，调节温室内的通风。协调器向控制节点发送实时光照度数据，控制节点将实时数据与阀值进行比较，如果实时数据大于阀值就开启风扇，反之关闭风扇。 The control node is equipped with a relay module, and the main control chip drives the fan through the control relay to adjust the ventilation in the greenhouse. The coordinator sends real-time illuminance data to the control node, and the control node compares the real-time data with the threshold value, and if the real-time data is greater than the threshold value, the fan is turned on, otherwise, the fan is turned off.

5、加湿器自动控制功能实现方案 5. Humidifier automatic control function realization scheme

控制节点配备继电器模组，主控芯片通过控制继电器来驱动加湿器，调节温室内的湿度。协调器向控制节点发送实时湿度度数据，控制节点将实时数据与阀值进行比较，如果实时数据大于阀值就关闭加湿器，反之开启加湿器。 The control node is equipped with a relay module, and the main control chip drives the humidifier through the control relay to adjust the humidity in the greenhouse. The coordinator sends real-time humidity data to the control node, and the control node compares the real-time data with the threshold value, and if the real-time data is greater than the threshold value, the humidifier is turned off, otherwise, the humidifier is turned on.

6、加热器自动控制功能实现方案 6. Implementation scheme of heater automatic control function

控制节点配备继电器模组，主控芯片通过控制继电器来驱动加热器，调节温室内的温度。协调器向控制节点发送实时温度数据，控制节点将实时数据与阀值进行比较，如果实时数据大于阀值就关闭加热器，反之开启加热器。 The control node is equipped with a relay module, and the main control chip drives the heater through the control relay to adjust the temperature in the greenhouse. The coordinator sends real-time temperature data to the control node, and the control node compares the real-time data with the threshold value, and if the real-time data is greater than the threshold value, the heater is turned off, otherwise, the heater is turned on.

7、GPRS网络远程访问实现方案 7. GPRS network remote access implementation scheme

智能温室大棚系统中，采用32 嵌入式系统+GPRS 模组组成GPRS 终端，因此普通手机终端就可以和智能温室大棚系统通过GPRS 通信。智能温室大棚系统接收到普通手机拨号呼叫后，首先自动挂断呼叫，然后将温室内的温度、湿度等信息以短信的形式回复给用户。 In the intelligent greenhouse system, 32 embedded systems + GPRS modules are used to form the GPRS terminal, so ordinary mobile phone terminals can communicate with the intelligent greenhouse system through GPRS. After the smart greenhouse system receives a dial-up call from an ordinary mobile phone, it first automatically hangs up the call, and then replies the temperature, humidity and other information in the greenhouse to the user in the form of a text message.

8、视频监测功能实现方案 8. Implementation plan of video monitoring function

USB摄像头连接嵌入式网关，实时捕获温室内部的画面，而后通过USB 接口将画面数据传输给网关处理。这样既可以在触屏液晶显示器上看到温室内部的实时画面，又可以通过PC 机远程访问的方式来观看温室内部的实时画面。 The USB camera is connected to the embedded gateway to capture the picture inside the greenhouse in real time, and then transmit the picture data to the gateway for processing through the USB interface. In this way, you can not only see the real-time picture inside the greenhouse on the touch screen LCD, but also watch the real-time picture inside the greenhouse through remote access of the PC.