CN203737701U - Pre-treating device for kitchen waste - Google Patents

A pre-treating device for kitchen waste comprises a receiving hopper, a first spiral convey device, and a sorting machine, wherein the first spiral convey device is arranged at the output end of the receiving hopper; the sorting machine is arranged at the output end of the first spiral convey device; an impurity belt conveyor is arranged under the impurity outlet of the sorting machine; a second screw conveyor is arranged under the material outlet of the sorting machine; a belt conveyor is arranged at the output end of the second screw conveyor; an iron remover is arranged at the output end of the belt conveyor; the iron remover is provided with two outlets; one is an iron impurity outlet; the other one is a material outlet; a middle hopper is arranged under the material outlet; a third spiral convey device is arranged at the output end of the middle hopper; a separating grinder is arranged at the output end of the third spiral convey device; a blower is arranged at the inlet of the separating grinder; the separating grinder is provided with two outlets; one is a light impurity outlet; the other one is a material outlet; an impurity removing paste mixer is arranged under the material outlet; a pump is arranged at the output end of the material outlet.

A kind of utensil garbage pre-processing device

Technical field

The utility model relates to the process field of food wastes, is specifically related to a kind of utensil garbage pre-processing device.

Background technology

Changing food waste is the common name of the residue food abandoned such as family, hotel, restaurant and machine-operated enterprises and institutions.Along with the raising of living standards of the people, the generation cumulative year after year of changing food waste.How to utilize and handle the focus that changing food waste becomes modern scientific research well.At present, the processing of changing food waste mainly turns to guiding with resource, has occurred the biological treatments such as anaerobic digestion, aerobic compost and fodder.Wherein, anaerobic digestion techniques not only has very high refuse treatment effeciency, obtains the fertilizer product of high fertilizer efficiency, and can produce biogas as using energy source, and the case of domestic and international application is more.

But the composition of changing food waste is very complicated, contain the various impurity such as plastics, bamboo chopsticks, bone, stationery and metal, these impurity are all difficult for being decomposed by microorganism when Anaerobic Digestion, and are easily wound around, stop up or damage treatment facility.Therefore, the important prerequisite condition of anaerobic digestion is that changing food waste is carried out to necessary pretreatment, and impurity is removed in separation, and organic principle is sorted out and broken slurrying to greatest extent.

At present, changing food waste pretreatment great majority adopt mechanical grading mode, mechanical grading and magnetic separation combination, artificial separation and broken combination, mechanical sorting and broken combination, broken bag and mechanical sorting combination, mechanical sorting, magnetic separation and broken combination to remove impurity, exist removal of impurity not high, Impurity removal kind is single, the problems such as manual sorting workman's operating environment is severe, and pretreatment automaticity is low.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of utensil garbage pre-processing device for existing weak point in above-mentioned prior art just.Pretreatment unit of the present utility model is the separated plurality of impurities of removing wherein all sidedly, retain to greatest extent the organic principle in rubbish, and these organic principles are carried out to break process fully, its particle diameter is reduced as far as possible, material after fragmentation adds water sizes mixing, so that it is carried out to subsequent biological treatment.

The purpose of this utility model can realize by following technique measures:

Utensil garbage pre-processing device of the present utility model comprises receiving hopper, be arranged on the first helix transporting device of receiving hopper output, be positioned at the sorter of the first helix transporting device output, below the impurity outlet of sorter, be provided with impurity belt conveyor, below the material outlet of sorter, be provided with the second conveying worm, output at the second conveying worm is provided with belt conveyor, and the output of described belt conveyor is provided with tramp iron separator; Described tramp iron separator has two outlets, one is iron tramp outlet, one is material outlet, middle hopper is set below described material outlet, the output of described middle hopper arranges triple helical conveying device, the output of described triple helical conveying device arranges separated pulverizer, and the entrance of separated pulverizer arranges blower fan; Described separated pulverizer has two outlets, one is light impurity outlet, one is material outlet, the below of described material outlet arranges removal of impurities paste mixer, and described removal of impurities paste mixer has four outlets, and one is material outlet, one is heavy seeds outlet, one is scum silica frost outlet, and one is oil slick outlet, and the output of described material outlet arranges pump.

Receiving hopper described in the utility model is three vertical incline structure forms that are provided with hopper cover, receiving hopper bottom is provided with four spiral conveying blades, spiral conveying blade bottom arranges the equipment for separating liquid from solid being comprised of filter and filtrate collecting tank thereof, is provided with the gas back-flushing interface that equipment for separating liquid from solid is carried out to backwash on described equipment for separating liquid from solid; In receiving hopper, be provided with thing position automatic detection device.

The utility model is provided with the equipment for separating liquid from solid being comprised of filter and filtrate collecting tank thereof below in first, second and third described conveying worm, is provided with the gas back-flushing interface that equipment for separating liquid from solid is carried out to backwash on described equipment for separating liquid from solid.Equipment for separating liquid from solid carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid for changing food waste at course of conveying.Gas back-flushing interface is used for guaranteeing solid-liquid separation effect.

Belt conveyor described in the utility model, impurity belt conveyor are the all-sealed structure (carrying out in confined space for delivery of process) that is provided with seal closure, bottom at belt conveyor is provided with Filtrate collection device, prevents that filtrate from dripping ground in course of conveying.

Between each parts of pretreatment unit described in the utility model, all adopt airtight design, the junction between each parts seals, and is convenient to foul smell gathering-device and collects foul smell.

Separated pulverizer described in the utility model is Chinese patent: 201220285750.4 disclosed technology, it comprises fuselage assembly, rotation fragmentation cell (containing motor, swivel bearing, broken block, broken piece), the filter screen (being formed by four combination of screens) that is provided with charging aperture, discharging opening and slag notch, by wind-force effect, the light materials such as plastics are produced by boasting from rubbish, after collecting, recycle or deliver to refuse landfill landfill.

Removal of impurities paste mixer described in the utility model is Chinese patent: 201220285746.8 disclosed technology, and it is comprised of main part casing, chain type impurity removed system and agitator; Described casing comprises stirring area, settling zone, scum silica frost discharge area, heavy substance discharge area and pump box five parts; Stirring area is that material enters district, and settling zone has gently, Weight material separation and grease centrifugation; Scum silica frost discharge area, heavy substance discharge area have spray system, and hydraulic pressure and spray angle are adjustable; Pump box is provided with two liquid level sensors.

Sorter described in the utility model is commercially available prod, it comprises power set, screen cloth, swinging kick and ball, screen cloth or sieve plate that utilization has certain pore size separate bulk impurity and fritter rubbish, bulk impurity is tackled by screen cloth or sieve aperture, after collecting, deliver to refuse landfill landfill, fritter rubbish enters next treatment process after by screen cloth or sieve aperture.

Tramp iron separator described in the utility model is commercially available prod, tramp iron separator described in the utility model comprises permanent magnetism body, automatic discharging of iron mechanism, ferrous metal in the high-intensity magnetic field absorption rubbish producing by permanent magnetism body, thereby realize separation of iron class impurity from rubbish, and this part metal recovery is utilized.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

The multinomial technology such as mechanical separation (removing bone, vial, chopsticks), magnetic separating (ferrous metal), pneumatic separating (polybag, the scraps of paper, cloth), Gravity Separation (sheet glass, potsherd) due to the utility model, have been fully utilized, can respectively the heavy substances such as the light impurities such as the bulk impurity in changing food waste, metal, plastics, paper scrap, scum silica frost, silt particle and pottery be separated, the separative efficiency of inorganic matter can reach more than 98%.Changing food waste is crushed to 5 ~ 10mm simultaneously,, and size mixing, be conducive to follow-up biodegradation.All devices all adopt airtight design, and the junction between device and device seals, and are beneficial to foul smell gathering-device and collect foul smell, improve workshop running environmental amenity degree; All helix transporting devices adopt Filtrate collection device and gas backwash cleaning device, guarantee the clean running environment in workshop.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of the utility model embodiment.

Sequence number in Fig. 1: 1, changing food waste transfer car(buggy), 2, receiving hopper, the 3, first conveying worm, 4, sorter, the 5, second conveying worm, 6, belt conveyor, 7, tramp iron separator, 8, middle hopper, 9, triple helical conveyer, 10, separated pulverizer, 11, blower fan, 12, removal of impurities paste mixer, 13, pump, 14, impurity belt conveyor, 15, rubbish van.

Fig. 2 receiving hopper front view.

Fig. 3 receiving hopper left view.

Sequence number in Fig. 2,3: 2-1 is thing position automatic detection device, and 2-2 is gas back-flushing interface, and 2-3 is equipment for separating liquid from solid.

Fig. 4 conveying worm front view.

Fig. 5 conveying worm A-A profile.

The charging aperture of sequence number in Fig. 4,5: 4-1,4-2 is leakage fluid dram, and 4-3 is gas back-flushing interface, and 4-4 is equipment for separating liquid from solid.

Fig. 6 belt conveyor profile.

Sequence number in Fig. 6: 6-1 is seal closure, and 6-2 is Filtrate collection device.

Fig. 7 middle hopper front view.

Sequence number in Fig. 7: 7-1 is charging aperture, and 7-2 is discharging opening.

The specific embodiment

The utility model is further described below with reference to embodiment (accompanying drawing):

As shown in Figure 1, utensil garbage pre-processing device of the present utility model comprises receiving hopper 2, be arranged on the first helix transporting device 3 of receiving hopper 2 outputs, be positioned at the sorter 4 of the first helix transporting device 3 outputs, below the impurity outlet of sorter 4, be provided with impurity belt conveyor 14, below the material outlet of sorter 4, be provided with the second conveying worm 5, output at the second conveying worm 5 is provided with belt conveyor 6, and the output of described belt conveyor 6 is provided with tramp iron separator 7; Described tramp iron separator 7 has two outlets, one is iron tramp outlet, one is material outlet, middle hopper 8(is set below described material outlet referring to Fig. 7), the output of described middle hopper 8 arranges triple helical conveying device 9, the output of described triple helical conveying device 9 arranges separated pulverizer 10, and the entrance of separated pulverizer 10 arranges blower fan 11; Described separated pulverizer 10 has two outlets, one is light impurity outlet, one is material outlet, the below of described material outlet arranges removal of impurities paste mixer 12, and described removal of impurities paste mixer 12 has four outlets, and one is material outlet, one is heavy seeds outlet, one is scum silica frost outlet, and one is oil slick outlet, and the output of described material outlet arranges pump 13.

As shown in Figure 2,3, receiving hopper described in the utility model 2 is for being provided with three vertical incline structure forms of hopper cover, receiving hopper bottom is provided with four spiral conveying blades, spiral conveying blade bottom arranges the equipment for separating liquid from solid 2-3 being comprised of filter and filtrate collecting tank thereof, is provided with the gas back-flushing interface 2-2 that equipment for separating liquid from solid is carried out to backwash on described equipment for separating liquid from solid; In receiving hopper, be provided with thing position automatic detection device 2-1.

As shown in Figure 4,5, the utility model is provided with the equipment for separating liquid from solid 4-4 being comprised of filter and filtrate collecting tank thereof below in first, second and third described conveying worm 3,5,9, is provided with the gas back-flushing interface 4-3 that equipment for separating liquid from solid is carried out to backwash on described equipment for separating liquid from solid.Equipment for separating liquid from solid carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid for changing food waste at course of conveying.Gas back-flushing interface is used for guaranteeing solid-liquid separation effect.

As shown in Figure 6, belt conveyor 6 described in the utility model, impurity belt conveyor 14 are for being provided with the all-sealed structure (carrying out in confined space for delivery of process) of seal closure 6-1, in the bottom of belt conveyor, be provided with the Filtrate collection device 6-2 of bathtub construction, prevent that filtrate from dripping ground in course of conveying.

Between each parts of pretreatment unit described in the utility model, all adopt airtight design, the junction between each parts seals, and is convenient to foul smell gathering-device and collects foul smell.

Described separated pulverizer is Chinese patent: 201220285750.4 disclosed technology, it comprises fuselage assembly, rotation fragmentation cell (containing motor, swivel bearing, broken block, broken piece), the filter screen (being formed by four combination of screens) that is provided with charging aperture, discharging opening and slag notch, by wind-force effect, the light materials such as plastics are produced by boasting from rubbish, after collecting, recycle or deliver to refuse landfill landfill.

Removal of impurities paste mixer described in the utility model is Chinese patent: 201220285746.8 disclosed technology, and it is comprised of main part casing, chain type impurity removed system and agitator; Described casing comprises stirring area, settling zone, scum silica frost discharge area, heavy substance discharge area and pump box five parts; Stirring area is that material enters district, and settling zone has gently, Weight material separation and grease centrifugation; Scum silica frost discharge area, heavy substance discharge area have spray system, and hydraulic pressure and spray angle are adjustable; Pump box is provided with two liquid level sensors.

Sorter described in the utility model is commercially available prod, it comprises power set, screen cloth, swinging kick and ball, screen cloth or sieve plate that utilization has certain pore size separate bulk impurity and fritter rubbish, bulk impurity is tackled by screen cloth or sieve aperture, after collecting, deliver to refuse landfill landfill, fritter rubbish enters next treatment process after by screen cloth or sieve aperture.

Tramp iron separator described in the utility model is commercially available prod, tramp iron separator described in the utility model comprises permanent magnetism body, automatic discharging of iron mechanism, ferrous metal in the high-intensity magnetic field absorption rubbish producing by permanent magnetism body, thereby realize separation of iron class impurity from rubbish, and this part metal recovery is utilized.

Operation principle of the present utility model:

Changing food waste is outwards pushed in receiving hopper 2 by the push pedal of changing food waste transfer car(buggy) 1, rubbish is sent to output by the conveyer of receiving hopper 2 bottoms, by conveying worm 3, transport material in sorter 4, particle diameter is less than the material of sieve aperture, it is exactly the material that subsequent treatment needs, fall on conveying worm 5 below, and oversize is some impurity, comprise plastics, bamboo chopsticks, bone, useless tableware etc., be sized out and fall on impurity belt conveyor 14, by rubbish van 15, transport landfill.Material in conveying worm 5 is transported to belt conveyor 6, in the time of under material process permanent-magnet self-discharging deferrizing device 7 on belt conveyor 6, the iron class impurity mixing is wherein picked up and is travelled forward with feed belt, when passing through without magnetic region, by the ironware on belt, scraped, collect and reclaim rear recycling, material by permanent-magnet self-discharging deferrizing device 7 falls in middle hopper 8, carry out of short duration storage and be delivered to separated pulverizer 10 by conveying worm 9, separated pulverizer 10 is due to centrifugal action circumference High Rotation Speed, and bulk matter is broken.Meanwhile, the wind-force forming with crushing mechanism High Rotation Speed by the outside air blast of blower fan 11 also can blow out the light materials such as plastics separated, and light materials is delivered to refuse landfill landfill after collecting.Material after pulverizing filters by filter screen, and larger-size material is trapped and continues fragmentation, and size is less than the material of mesh size and discharges from fragmentation cell, enters into whole piece and processes in the core apparatus removal of impurities paste mixer 12 of line.Removal of impurities paste mixer 12 core components are casing, chain type knot screen and agitator.Described casing comprises stirring area, settling zone, scum silica frost discharge area, heavy substance discharge area and pump box five parts.First in stirring area, in rubbish, add a small amount of water, and mix and size mixing by agitator, make the homogeneous slurry of moisture content 10 ~ 15%; The slurries that modulate staticly settle in removal of impurities paste mixer 12 settling zones, the heavy substance such as silt particle, glass fragment is sunken to slurries bottom, the light materials such as scum silica frost swim in slurries top, then scrape this part light materials and heavy substance by chain type knot screen, after collecting, deliver to refuse landfill landfill.Settling zone is light except having, also have the effect of grease separation Weight material separation effect.When separated light materials and heavy substance, this part impurity is sprayed to cleaning, farthest reduce organic matter in slurries along with impurity is separated together, reduce organic loss as far as possible, pump box is provided with two liquid level sensors.Material after sizing mixing is delivered to subsequent processing unit by pump 13.

The selected treatment facility of above-mentioned steps all adopts airtight design, and the junction between device external, equipment seals with casing, is convenient to foul smell gathering-device and collects foul smell, reduces to greatest extent foul smell and overflows.