CN205123301U - General type intelligence battery charger - Google Patents

The utility model relates to a general type intelligence battery charger, include: single -chip module, power module, input voltage testing, input current detection module, BUCKBOOST circuit, output voltage testing, storage battery charging circuit, battery voltage testing, the current detection module that charges, battery temperature detection module, display module. Intelligence battery charger passes through single -chip module control BUCKBOOST circuit, can adapt to the storage battery charging needs of different charging voltage demands, can select through the button simultaneously, charges to different types of battery according to the procedure of setting for, has strong adaptability, can satisfy multiple type storage battery charging requirement, sets up the flexibility.

一种通用型智能电池充电器A universal smart battery charger

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及蓄电池充电领域，特别是能满足不同种类蓄电池充电需要的智能充电器。The utility model relates to the field of storage battery charging, in particular to an intelligent charger capable of meeting the charging needs of different types of storage batteries.

背景技术Background technique

作为一种有效的能源供给方式，蓄电池被广泛的有应用于各种设备上。不同的蓄电池，其充电方案也各有不同，而且即使同一种类的蓄电池，使用时候也多采用多节串并联的方式工作，因此充电器要能适应不同种类的蓄电池充电要求，必须能够根据不同情况提供不同的充电电压和充电电流。当前蓄电池充电领域存在的问题是，一是蓄电池种类较多而大多的充电器功能单一、适应能力较弱，二是蓄电池维护不当、充电方案不合理导致蓄电池寿命减少甚至损坏。As an effective energy supply method, batteries are widely used in various devices. Different batteries have different charging schemes, and even if the same type of battery is used, it usually works in a series-parallel manner. Therefore, the charger must be able to adapt to the charging requirements of different types of batteries. Different charging voltages and charging currents are available. The current problems in the field of battery charging are: first, there are many types of batteries and most of the chargers have single functions and weak adaptability; second, improper maintenance of batteries and unreasonable charging schemes lead to reduced battery life or even damage.

鉴于上述问题，有必要提供一种通用型智能充电器，以解决上述问题。In view of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a universal smart charger to solve the above problems.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对现有充电器的不足，本实用新型提出了一种通用型智能电池充电器，其能够根据不同种类的蓄电池按照预先设定好的充电方案进行充电，同时对同一种类的蓄电池，也可以根据串并联节数不同，提供不同的充电电压和充电电流，能够有效的提高其适用性并延长蓄电池寿命，提高蓄电池充电的安全性。Aiming at the shortcomings of existing chargers, the utility model proposes a general-purpose intelligent battery charger, which can charge different types of batteries according to a preset charging scheme, and at the same time, the same type of batteries can also be charged according to Different numbers of series and parallel cells provide different charging voltages and charging currents, which can effectively improve its applicability and prolong battery life, and improve the safety of battery charging.

本实用新型采用以下技术方案实现：The utility model adopts the following technical solutions to realize:

一种通用型智能电池充电器，包括：单片机模块、供电模块、输入端电压检测模块、输入端电流检测模块、BUCK/BOOST电路、输出端电压检测模块、蓄电池充电电路、蓄电池电压检测模块、充电电流检测模块，蓄电池温度检测模块，显示模块。A general-purpose intelligent battery charger, comprising: a single-chip microcomputer module, a power supply module, an input terminal voltage detection module, an input terminal current detection module, a BUCK/BOOST circuit, an output terminal voltage detection module, a battery charging circuit, a battery voltage detection module, a charging Current detection module, battery temperature detection module, display module.

所述供电电源模块包括输入为交流220V，输出为直流24V的开关电源以及输入为直流24V，输出为3.3V的DC/DC电源，所述开关电源与BUCK/BOOST电路相连，所述DC/DC电源与单片机模块相连为单片机模块供电。The power supply module includes a switching power supply with an input of 220V AC and an output of 24V DC and a DC/DC power supply with an input of 24V DC and an output of 3.3V. The switching power supply is connected to the BUCK/BOOST circuit, and the DC/DC The power supply is connected with the single-chip microcomputer module to supply power for the single-chip microcomputer module.

所述蓄电池充电电路包括一个功率场效应晶体管。The storage battery charging circuit includes a power field effect transistor.

所述输入端电压检测模块、输入端电流检测模块、输出端电压检测模块、蓄电池电压检测模块、充电电流检测模块均采用霍尔传感器。The input voltage detection module, the input current detection module, the output voltage detection module, the storage battery voltage detection module, and the charging current detection module all use Hall sensors.

所述蓄电池温度检测模块采用DS18B20数字温度传感器。The battery temperature detection module adopts DS18B20 digital temperature sensor.

所述显示模块，包括液晶显示器和两只不同颜色的LED发光二极管。The display module includes a liquid crystal display and two LEDs of different colors.

为使本实用新型的目的、技术方案更加清楚明白，以下将通过相关附图对本实用新型进行详细说明。In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be described in detail below through the relevant drawings.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本实用新型的原理图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the utility model;

图2是本实用新型的供电模块原理图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the power supply module of the present invention;

图3是本实用新型的BUCK/BOOST电路原理图；Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the BUCK/BOOST circuit of the present utility model;

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合图1、图2、图3对本实用新型做出详细的说明。Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the utility model is described in detail.

如图1所示，一种通用型智能电池充电器，包括：单片机模块、供电模块、输入端电压检测模块、输入端电流检测模块、BUCK/BOOST电路、输出端电压检测模块、蓄电池充电电路、蓄电池电压检测模块、充电电流检测模块，蓄电池温度检测模块，显示模块。As shown in Figure 1, a general-purpose intelligent battery charger includes: a single-chip microcomputer module, a power supply module, an input terminal voltage detection module, an input terminal current detection module, a BUCK/BOOST circuit, an output terminal voltage detection module, a battery charging circuit, Battery voltage detection module, charging current detection module, battery temperature detection module, display module.

所述供电模块如图2所示，包括输入为交流220V，输出为直流24V的开关电源以及输入为直流24V，输出为3.3V的DC/DC电源，所述开关电源与BUCK/BOOST电路相连，所述DC/DC电源与单片机模块相连为单片机模块供电。The power supply module is shown in Figure 2, including a switching power supply with an input of 220V AC and an output of 24V DC and a DC/DC power supply with an input of 24V DC and an output of 3.3V, the switching power supply is connected to the BUCK/BOOST circuit, The DC/DC power supply is connected with the single-chip microcomputer module to supply power for the single-chip microcomputer module.

所述BUCK/BOOST电路如图3所示，可以输出最高为55V的直流电压。The BUCK/BOOST circuit shown in FIG. 3 can output a DC voltage up to 55V.

所述蓄电池充电电路包括一个功率场效应晶体管。The storage battery charging circuit includes a power field effect transistor.

所述显示模块，包括液晶显示器和两只不同颜色的LED发光二极管。液晶显示器可以显示BUCK/BOOST电路输入电压和输出电压、蓄电池充电电流值，蓄电池电压和充电时间。The display module includes a liquid crystal display and two LEDs of different colors. The liquid crystal display can display the input voltage and output voltage of the BUCK/BOOST circuit, the battery charging current value, the battery voltage and the charging time.

所述蓄电池充电电路包括一个功率场效应晶体管，正常充电状态期间，所述功率场效应晶体管开通，当出现以下任意一种情况时，功率场效应晶体管断开：The battery charging circuit includes a power field effect transistor. During normal charging state, the power field effect transistor is turned on, and when any of the following situations occurs, the power field effect transistor is turned off:

1)当输出端电压检测模块检测到BUCK/BOOST电路的输出电压高于蓄电池允许最高充电电压时；2)当充电电流检测模块检测到充电电流大于蓄电池允许最大充电电流时；3)单片机模块诊断为蓄电池为坏电池时；4)充电完成后；5)蓄电池温度检测模块检测到蓄电池温度超过允许最高温度时。1) When the output terminal voltage detection module detects that the output voltage of the BUCK/BOOST circuit is higher than the maximum allowable charging voltage of the battery; 2) When the charging current detection module detects that the charging current is greater than the maximum allowable charging current of the battery; 3) Diagnosis of the single chip microcomputer module When the battery is a bad battery; 4) After charging is completed; 5) When the battery temperature detection module detects that the battery temperature exceeds the maximum allowable temperature.

所述单片机模块通过输入端电压检测模块和输入端电流检测模块对供电模块输出的24V直流电压和输出电流进行检测，并将检测结果送入显示模块进行显示。当采用CC/CV充电模式时，蓄电池电压检测模块检测蓄电池的初始电压，当初始电压低于设定的蓄电池严重放电电压值时，蓄电池充电电路以设定的最大充电电流的十五分之一电流对蓄电池进行预充电，当蓄电池电压检测模块检测到蓄电池电压高于蓄电池严重放电电压值时，蓄电池充电电路以设定的最大充电电流对蓄电池进行CC充电，当蓄电池电压达到浮充电压时，转换为CV模式对蓄电池进行充电，此时蓄电池充电电流逐渐减少，当蓄电池电流减少到设定的最大充电电流的十分之一时，停止充电。如果在设定的充电时间内，蓄电池电压没有达到预设的电压值，则判断蓄电池为坏电池。充电过程中，显示模块中的两只不同颜色的LED发光二极管一亮一灭；当单片机模块判断蓄电池为坏电池时，两只LED二极管同时闪烁；当充电结束后，两只LED发光二极管都熄灭。The single-chip microcomputer module detects the 24V DC voltage and output current output by the power supply module through the input terminal voltage detection module and the input terminal current detection module, and sends the detection results to the display module for display. When the CC/CV charging mode is adopted, the battery voltage detection module detects the initial voltage of the battery. When the initial voltage is lower than the set battery serious discharge voltage value, the battery charging circuit uses one-fifteenth of the set maximum charging current The current pre-charges the battery. When the battery voltage detection module detects that the battery voltage is higher than the serious discharge voltage of the battery, the battery charging circuit performs CC charging on the battery with the set maximum charging current. When the battery voltage reaches the floating charge voltage, Switch to CV mode to charge the battery, at this time the charging current of the battery decreases gradually, and when the battery current decreases to one tenth of the set maximum charging current, the charging stops. If the battery voltage does not reach the preset voltage value within the set charging time, it is judged that the battery is a bad battery. During the charging process, the two LEDs of different colors in the display module are on and off; when the single-chip microcomputer module judges that the battery is a bad battery, the two LEDs flash at the same time; when the charging is over, the two LEDs are off.

所述蓄电池温度检测模块采用DS18B20数字温度传感器，对蓄电池温度进行监测，如果在充电过程中蓄电池温度超过设定值，则停止充电，同时点亮显示模块中的两只LED发光二极管进行报警。The battery temperature detection module uses a DS18B20 digital temperature sensor to monitor the battery temperature. If the battery temperature exceeds the set value during charging, the charging will be stopped, and two LEDs in the display module will be turned on to give an alarm.

单片机模块可以通过按键选择预设好的锂离子电池、铅酸蓄电池、镍氢蓄电池充电方案，并支持用户对充电方案进行修改。The single-chip microcomputer module can select the preset lithium-ion battery, lead-acid battery, and nickel-metal hydride battery charging scheme through the button, and supports the user to modify the charging scheme.