CN205331336U - Power drive system based on double row star is arranged two and is kept off derailleur - Google Patents

The utility model discloses a power drive system based on double row star is arranged two and is kept off derailleur, include: a housing. Actuating mechanism, the output shaft, the gear train is arranged to the double row star, arranges and second planet row including first planet, and the driving motor axle is connected to first planet row sun gear, and planet carrier fixed connection output shaft is arranged to first planet, and first planet is arranged the ring gear and is connected second planet row planet carrier, and sun gear fixed connection casing is arranged to the second planet, the clutch, it can arrange the ring gear with the second planet by selective connection output shaft, the stopper, it can make the second arrange the planet carrier and first planet row ring gear rotates simultaneously or applies the brake, wherein, during elected alternative shelves, the clutch is out of work, stopper work, when selecting the second gear, clutch work, stopper are out of work. The utility model has the advantages of part quantity is less, compact structure, improved motor operating efficiency and increased the continuous mileage of sailing of electric motor car.

一种基于双行星排两挡变速器的电驱动系统An electric drive system based on a double-planetary two-speed transmission

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及驱动领域，具体涉及一种基于双行星排两挡变速器的电驱动系统。The utility model relates to the drive field, in particular to an electric drive system based on a dual-planetary two-speed transmission.

背景技术Background technique

电动汽车是新型、节能、环保车辆，尤其是在当今空气污染严重的大环境下，具有巨大的发展潜力和广阔的应用前景。电动汽车使用电动机取代了传统汽车的发动机，电动机可带载启动，并且通过合理的配置满足汽车使用要求，这是与发动机的很大区别。在电动车上使用多挡变速器已经不合适，但若取消变速传动装置，则难于兼顾汽车爬坡和高速行驶等要求，特别是中小型汽车，有必要针对电动机的工作特性重新设计电动汽车的动力系统。Electric vehicles are new, energy-saving and environmentally friendly vehicles, especially in today's environment with severe air pollution, they have great development potential and broad application prospects. An electric vehicle uses an electric motor to replace the engine of a traditional car. The electric motor can be started with load and can meet the requirements of the car through reasonable configuration, which is a big difference from the engine. It is no longer suitable to use multi-speed transmissions on electric vehicles, but if the variable speed transmission device is cancelled, it will be difficult to meet the requirements of vehicle climbing and high-speed driving, especially for small and medium-sized vehicles, it is necessary to redesign the power of electric vehicles according to the working characteristics of the electric motor system.

目前的电动汽车用电驱动系统越来越受到人们的青睐，与传统的驱动系统相比，电动汽车用电驱动系统有着很大的优点，尤其体现在对环境保护方面。现有电动车两挡变速器的布置形式多采用平行轴式和行星排式，采用平行轴式布置形式的两挡变速器，多通过同步器或离合器来实现挡位的切换，若采用同步器等实现挡位的切换具有如下缺点，就需要单独安装换挡执行机构，使驱动系统体积增大，不便于整车的布置，且换挡过程中存在动力中断的情况；对于采用行星排式布置形式的两挡变速器，多是通过离合器或者制动器组合来实现挡位的切换，但具有如下缺点：换挡执行元件较分散，变速器的尺寸大致使驱动系统不够紧凑。The current electric drive system for electric vehicles is more and more favored by people. Compared with the traditional drive system, the electric drive system for electric vehicles has great advantages, especially in terms of environmental protection. The layout of the existing two-speed transmissions for electric vehicles mostly adopts the parallel shaft type and the planetary row type. The two-speed transmissions that adopt the parallel shaft type layout usually use synchronizers or clutches to switch gears. If synchronizers, etc. are used to achieve The shifting of the gears has the following disadvantages: it is necessary to install a shift actuator separately, which increases the volume of the drive system, which is not convenient for the layout of the vehicle, and there is a power interruption during the shifting process; Two-speed transmissions mostly switch gears through clutches or brake combinations, but they have the following disadvantages: the shifting actuators are scattered, and the size of the transmission generally makes the drive system not compact enough.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本实用新型的一个目的是解决上述行星排式电驱动系统的缺点，并提供至少后面将说明的优点。It is an object of the present invention to solve the disadvantages of the above-mentioned planetary electric drive system and to provide at least the advantages that will be described later.

本实用新型还有一个目的是将第一行星排、第二行星排、离合器和制动器进行合理匹配实现两档变速控制，第二行星排配合离合器和制动器对输出轴进行增速，从而达到两档变速的目的。Another purpose of the utility model is to reasonably match the first planetary row, the second planetary row, the clutch and the brake to realize the two-speed transmission control, and the second planetary row cooperates with the clutch and the brake to speed up the output shaft, so as to achieve two gears purpose of shifting.

本实用新型还有一个目的是驱动电机存在电动机和发电机两种工作模式，当整车处于制动工况时，驱动电机转换为发电机模式，能够回收制动能量和提高整车能量的利用率。Another purpose of the utility model is that the drive motor has two working modes of motor and generator. When the vehicle is in the braking condition, the drive motor is converted into a generator mode, which can recover braking energy and improve the utilization of vehicle energy. Rate.

为了实现根据本实用新型的这些目的和其它优点，提供了一种基于双行星排两挡变速器的电驱动系统，包括：In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages according to the present utility model, an electric drive system based on a dual-planetary two-speed transmission is provided, including:

壳体；case;

驱动机构，其设置在所述壳体内，并包括驱动电机轴；a drive mechanism disposed within the housing and comprising a drive motor shaft;

输出轴，其可旋转的支撑在所述壳体上，用于输出动力；an output shaft, which is rotatably supported on the housing and used to output power;

双行星排齿轮系，包括第一行星排和第二行星排，所述第一行星排太阳轮连接所述驱动电机轴，第一行星排行星架固定连接所述输出轴，第一行星排内齿圈连接第二行星排行星架，第二行星排太阳轮固定连接所述壳体；The double planetary gear train includes a first planetary row and a second planetary row, the first planetary row sun gear is connected to the drive motor shaft, the first planetary row carrier is fixedly connected to the output shaft, and the first planetary row The ring gear is connected to the second planetary row carrier, and the second planetary row sun gear is fixedly connected to the housing;

离合器，其设置在所述输出轴与第二行星排内齿圈之间，选择性的使所述输出轴与第二行星排内齿圈结合和分离；a clutch, which is disposed between the output shaft and the second planetary ring gear, selectively couples and separates the output shaft from the second planetary ring gear;

制动器，其设置在所述壳体和第二排行星架之间，选择性的使所述壳体和第二排行星架之间结合和分离；当制动器结合时，所述壳体和第二排行星架固定不动；当制动器分离时，所述第一行星排内齿圈和第二排行星架共同旋转；A brake, which is arranged between the housing and the second row of planet carriers, selectively connects and separates the housing and the second row of planet carriers; when the brake is combined, the housing and the second planet carrier The row planet carrier is fixed; when the brake is disengaged, the first planet row ring gear and the second row planet carrier rotate together;

其中，当选择一档时，离合器分离和制动器结合；当选择二档时，离合器结合和制动器分离。Wherein, when the first gear is selected, the clutch is disengaged and the brake is engaged; when the second gear is selected, the clutch is engaged and the brake is disengaged.

优选的是，所述壳体包括第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔，所述第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔之间设置内壁。Preferably, the housing includes a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity, and an inner wall is provided between the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity.

优选的是，所述第一容纳腔内布设驱动机构，所述第二容纳腔内布设双行星排齿轮系，其中，所述驱动电机轴穿过内壁连接双行星排齿轮系。Preferably, a driving mechanism is arranged in the first accommodation chamber, and a double planetary gear train is arranged in the second accommodation chamber, wherein the drive motor shaft passes through the inner wall to connect to the double planetary gear train.

优选的是，所述驱动机构还包括：Preferably, the drive mechanism also includes:

转子，其固定连接驱动电机轴；a rotor fixedly connected to the drive motor shaft;

定子，其与壳体固定连接。The stator is fixedly connected with the housing.

优选的是，还包括圆形支撑盘，其一侧圆心处固定连接所述输出轴，另一侧连接所述第一行星排行星架，能够使第一行星排行星架、支撑盘和输出轴一同旋转；所述支撑盘的外缘固定连接所述离合器。Preferably, it also includes a circular support disc, the center of one side of which is fixedly connected to the output shaft, and the other side is connected to the first planetary carrier, so that the first planetary carrier, the support disc and the output shaft Rotate together; the outer edge of the support plate is fixedly connected with the clutch.

优选的是，所述第二行星排太阳轮还包括突出的轴，其固定连接所述壳体，所述轴具有轴向通孔，所述输出轴穿过并可旋转的支撑在所述轴向通孔伸出壳体外。Preferably, the second planetary sun gear further includes a protruding shaft fixedly connected to the casing, the shaft has an axial through hole, the output shaft passes through and is rotatably supported on the shaft protrude out of the casing toward the through hole.

优选的是，所述驱动机构包括电动机模式和发电机模式，在车制动时驱动电机切换成发电机模式。Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a motor mode and a generator mode, and the drive motor switches to the generator mode when the vehicle brakes.

优选的是，当选择倒挡时，离合器分离、制动器结合，所述驱动机构的反转动力通过第一行星排行星架传递至输出轴。Preferably, when the reverse gear is selected, the clutch is disengaged and the brake is engaged, and the reverse power of the driving mechanism is transmitted to the output shaft through the first planetary carrier.

本实用新型至少包括以下有益效果：1、电驱动系统由驱动电机，一套双行星轮行星排和离合器总成组成，零件数量较少，结构紧凑，便于安装，并且传动过程中啮合的齿轮数较少，有效提高传动效率。2、采用永磁同步驱动电机和两挡变速器集成为一体，减少原材料的使用量，有效降低电驱动系统的成本，也降低了对电机的性能要求，减少了控制系统的复杂程度，提高了电机运行效率，增加了电动车的续驶里程。3、驱动电机可以实现反转，所以通过电机反转来实现倒挡，取消了倒挡的换挡执行机构，结构更加紧凑，且倒挡控制简单，易实现。4、驱动电机存在电动机和发电机两种工作模式，当整车处于制动工况时，驱动电机转换为发电机模式，起到制动能量回收，提高整车能量的利用率，达到节约能源的效果。The utility model at least includes the following beneficial effects: 1. The electric drive system is composed of a drive motor, a set of double planetary gear planetary row and a clutch assembly. The number of parts is small, the structure is compact, and it is easy to install. Less, effectively improve the transmission efficiency. 2. The permanent magnet synchronous drive motor and the two-speed transmission are integrated to reduce the use of raw materials, effectively reduce the cost of the electric drive system, and also reduce the performance requirements for the motor, reduce the complexity of the control system, and improve the performance of the motor. The operating efficiency increases the driving range of the electric vehicle. 3. The driving motor can be reversed, so the reverse gear is realized through the reverse gear of the motor, and the gear shift actuator for reverse gear is cancelled, the structure is more compact, and the reverse gear control is simple and easy to implement. 4. The driving motor has two working modes: electric motor and generator. When the whole vehicle is in the braking condition, the driving motor is converted into the generator mode to recover braking energy, improve the utilization rate of vehicle energy, and save energy Effect.

本实用新型的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现，部分还将通过对本实用新型的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。Other advantages, objectives and features of the utility model will partly be embodied through the following description, and partly will be understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the utility model.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本实用新型的双行星排两档变速器的电驱动系统结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the electric drive system of the dual-planetary two-speed transmission of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合附图对本实用新型做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。The utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it by referring to the description.

应当理解，本文所使用的诸如“具有”、“包含”以及“包括”术语并不配出一个或多个其它元件或其组合的存在或添加。It should be understood that terms such as "having", "comprising" and "including" as used herein do not entail the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

图1示出了双行星排两档变速器的电驱动系统结构，包括外壳110、驱动电机120、双行星排齿轮系130、离合器140、制动器150和输出轴160，其中，双行星排齿轮系130、离合器140和制动器150组成变速器机构。Fig. 1 shows the structure of the electric drive system of a double planetary two-speed transmission, including a housing 110, a drive motor 120, a double planetary gear train 130, a clutch 140, a brake 150 and an output shaft 160, wherein the double planetary gear train 130 , the clutch 140 and the brake 150 form a transmission mechanism.

壳体110包括第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔，在第一容纳腔和第二容纳腔之间设置内壁，驱动电机120设置在第一容纳腔中，驱动电机120的驱动电机轴123从第一容纳腔穿过内壁进入第二容纳腔，变速器机构设置在第二容纳腔中，输出轴160从第二容纳腔穿出至壳体110外部。The casing 110 includes a first accommodation chamber and a second accommodation chamber, an inner wall is arranged between the first accommodation chamber and the second accommodation chamber, the driving motor 120 is arranged in the first accommodation chamber, and the driving motor shaft 123 of the driving motor 120 is connected from the second housing chamber. An accommodating cavity enters the second accommodating cavity through the inner wall, the transmission mechanism is disposed in the second accommodating cavity, and the output shaft 160 passes through the second accommodating cavity to the outside of the casing 110 .

驱动电机120包括定子121、转子122和驱动电机轴123，其中驱动电机定子121通过过盈配合与壳体110固定连接，驱动电机轴123与转子122通过过盈配合连接。The drive motor 120 includes a stator 121 , a rotor 122 and a drive motor shaft 123 , wherein the drive motor stator 121 is fixedly connected to the housing 110 through an interference fit, and the drive motor shaft 123 is connected to the rotor 122 through an interference fit.

驱动时，驱动电机120处于电动机模式，制动时，驱动电机120处于发电机模式。When driving, the drive motor 120 is in motor mode, and when braking, the drive motor 120 is in generator mode.

双行星排齿轮系130包括第一行星排和第二行星排，所述第一行星排由第一行星排太阳轮131、第一行星排行星轮132、第一行星排行星架133和第一行星排内齿圈134组成。第一行星排太阳轮131通过花键与驱动电机轴123输出端连接，第一行星排太阳轮131与第一行星排行星轮132啮合，第一行星排行星轮132与第一行星排内齿圈134啮合，第一行星排行星轮132通过滚针轴承安装在第一行星排行星架133上；其中，所述第一行星排行星架133的输出端固定连接圆形支撑盘141，圆形支撑盘141中心处开设中心通孔，输出轴160穿过中心通孔与圆形支撑盘141固定连接。The double planetary gear train 130 includes a first planetary row and a second planetary row. The planetary row ring gear 134 is composed. The first planetary row sun gear 131 is connected with the output end of the drive motor shaft 123 through a spline, the first planetary row sun gear 131 is meshed with the first planetary row planetary gear 132, and the first planetary row planetary gear 132 is connected with the first planetary row internal gear The ring 134 meshes, and the first planetary planetary wheel 132 is installed on the first planetary planetary carrier 133 through a needle bearing; wherein, the output end of the first planetary planetary carrier 133 is fixedly connected to a circular support disc 141, and the circular A central through hole is defined at the center of the supporting disc 141 , and the output shaft 160 is fixedly connected to the circular supporting disc 141 through the central through hole.

第二行星排由第二行星排太阳轮135、第二行星排行星轮136、第二行星排行星架137和第二行星排内齿圈138组成，第二行星排太阳轮135中心处设置突出的轴，所述轴外壁固定连接所述壳体并具有轴向通孔，所述输出轴160穿过并可旋转的支撑在所述轴向通孔伸出壳体外，第二行星排太阳轮135与第二行星排行星轮136啮合，第二行星排行星轮136与第二行星排内齿圈138啮合，其中，第二行星排行星轮136通过滚针轴承安装在第二行星排行星架137上。The second planetary row is made up of the second planetary row sun gear 135, the second planetary row planetary gear 136, the second planetary row carrier 137 and the second planetary row inner ring gear 138, and the center of the second planetary row sun gear 135 is provided with a protrusion shaft, the outer wall of the shaft is fixedly connected to the casing and has an axial through hole, the output shaft 160 passes through and is rotatably supported outside the casing through the axial through hole, and the second planetary sun gear 135 meshes with the second planetary planet gear 136, and the second planetary planetary gear 136 meshes with the second planetary ring gear 138, wherein the second planetary planetary gear 136 is installed on the second planetary planet carrier through a needle bearing 137 on.

其中，第一行星排内齿圈134与第二行星排行星架137固定连接。Wherein, the first planetary row ring gear 134 is fixedly connected with the second planetary row carrier 137 .

离合器140(常开)包括圆形支撑盘141，圆形支撑盘141为圆盘结构，圆盘结构由圆盘和外圆周壁组成，其中心处开设通孔，所述通孔的尺寸与输出轴160相匹配。离合器140(常开)的外壁与第二行星排内齿圈138固定连接，其内壁与圆形支撑盘141的外圆周壁选择性的连接和分离，圆形支撑盘141通过所述通孔连接输出轴160，圆形支撑盘141通过花键连接第一行星排行星架133输出端。因此，通过离合器140与圆形支撑盘141的选择性连接实现第二行星排内齿圈138与输出轴160的分离和结合。当离合器140工作时，离合器140与圆形支撑盘141连接，与圆形支撑盘141固定连接的第一行星排行星架133将动力传输至输出轴160，进一步的是，第二行星排内齿圈138与圆形支撑盘141结合，从而使第二行星排内齿圈138能够将动力传递至输出轴160；当离合器不工作，离合器140与圆形支撑盘141断开，第二行星排内齿圈138不能将动力传递至输出轴160，此时，与圆形支撑盘141固定连接的第一行星排行星架133将动力传输至输出轴160。Clutch 140 (normally open) comprises circular support plate 141, and circular support plate 141 is disc structure, and disc structure is made up of disc and outer peripheral wall, and its center offers through hole, and the size of described through hole and output Shaft 160 matches. The outer wall of the clutch 140 (normally open) is fixedly connected to the second planetary ring gear 138, and its inner wall is selectively connected and separated from the outer peripheral wall of the circular support disc 141, and the circular support disc 141 is connected through the through hole The output shaft 160 and the circular support disc 141 are splined to the output end of the first planetary carrier 133 . Therefore, the separation and connection of the second planetary ring gear 138 and the output shaft 160 are realized through the selective connection of the clutch 140 and the circular support disc 141 . When the clutch 140 works, the clutch 140 is connected with the circular support plate 141, and the first planetary planet carrier 133 fixedly connected with the circular support plate 141 transmits the power to the output shaft 160, and further, the second planetary row internal teeth The ring 138 is combined with the circular support disc 141, so that the second planetary ring gear 138 can transmit power to the output shaft 160; when the clutch is not working, the clutch 140 is disconnected from the circular support disc 141, and the second planetary row The ring gear 138 cannot transmit power to the output shaft 160 , at this moment, the first planetary carrier 133 fixedly connected to the circular support disc 141 transmits power to the output shaft 160 .

制动器150包括制动器盘151，所述制动器盘151为圆盘结构，圆盘结构由圆盘和外圆周壁组成，其中心处开设通孔，所述通孔固定连接第二行星排太阳轮135的突出轴，从而与壳体110固定连接。制动器150的外壁与第一行星排内齿圈134固定连接，第一行星排内齿圈134与第二行星排行星架137固定连接，从而使制动器150的外壁同时连接第一行星排内齿圈134和第二行星排行星架137，制动器150的内壁与制动器盘151的外圆周壁选择性连接和分离，因此，制动器150与制动器盘151的分离、结合来实现第二行星排行星架137和第一行星排内齿圈134的转动和制动。当制动器150工作时，制动器150与制动器盘151连接，与外壳110固定连接的制动器盘151通过制动器150制动第二行星排行星架137和第一行星排内齿圈134；当制动器150不工作时，制动器150与制动器盘151断开，第二行星排行星架137和第一行星排内齿圈134能够转动。The brake 150 includes a brake disc 151. The brake disc 151 is a disc structure. The disc structure is composed of a disc and an outer peripheral wall. A through hole is opened at the center of the disc structure. The through hole is fixedly connected to the second planetary row sun gear 135. The protruding shaft is fixedly connected with the housing 110 . The outer wall of the brake 150 is fixedly connected to the first planetary ring gear 134, and the first planetary ring gear 134 is fixedly connected to the second planetary carrier 137, so that the outer wall of the brake 150 is simultaneously connected to the first planetary ring gear 134 and the second planetary carrier 137, the inner wall of the brake 150 is selectively connected and separated from the outer peripheral wall of the brake disc 151, therefore, the separation and combination of the brake 150 and the brake disc 151 realize the second planetary carrier 137 and Rotation and braking of the first planetary row ring gear 134 . When the brake 150 works, the brake 150 is connected with the brake disc 151, and the brake disc 151 fixedly connected with the housing 110 brakes the second planetary planet carrier 137 and the first planetary ring gear 134 through the brake 150; when the brake 150 is not working , the brake 150 is disconnected from the brake disc 151, and the second planetary carrier 137 and the first planetary ring gear 134 can rotate.

电驱动系统的挡位切换由离合器140和制动器150来实现，电驱动系统的换挡执行元件按照表一进行。The gear shifting of the electric drive system is realized by the clutch 140 and the brake 150, and the gear shift actuators of the electric drive system are performed according to Table 1.

表一电驱动系统的挡位执行图Table 1 Gear Execution Diagram of Electric Drive System

其中，“○”表示分离，“●”表示结合,Cl₁表示第一离合器140，Cl₂表示制动器150。Among them, "○" means disengagement, "●" means engagement, Cl ₁ means the first clutch 140, and Cl ₂ means the brake 150.

一挡时，驱动电机110正转(实现整车前进的电机转动方向为正转方向)，将动力传递给第一行星排太阳轮131，第一行星排太阳轮131将动力进一步传递给第一行星排行星轮132，此时制动器150工作，第二行星排行星架137和第一行星排内齿圈134制动，从而使与第一行星排内齿圈134啮合的第一行星排行星轮132进行自转和公转，进一步将动力传递至第一行星排行星架133；与此同时，离合器140(常开)不工作，离合器140与支撑盘141断开，第二行星排内齿圈138同时与第二行星排行星架133和输出轴160断开，即第二行星排整体不工作。此时，第一行星排行星架133通过圆形支撑盘141将动力传输至输出轴160，实现动力的输出。In the first gear, the drive motor 110 rotates forward (the direction of rotation of the motor that realizes the forward movement of the whole vehicle is the direction of forward rotation), and the power is transmitted to the first planetary sun gear 131, and the first planetary sun gear 131 further transmits the power to the first planetary sun gear 131. planetary planetary gear 132, at this time the brake 150 works, the second planetary planetary carrier 137 and the first planetary row ring gear 134 are braked, so that the first planetary row planetary gear meshed with the first planetary row ring gear 134 132 rotates and revolves, and further transmits power to the first planetary planet carrier 133; at the same time, the clutch 140 (normally open) does not work, the clutch 140 is disconnected from the support plate 141, and the second planetary ring gear 138 is simultaneously It is disconnected from the second planetary row carrier 133 and the output shaft 160, that is, the second planetary row does not work as a whole. At this moment, the first planetary carrier 133 transmits the power to the output shaft 160 through the circular support disc 141 to realize power output.

二挡时，驱动电机正转，制动器150不工作，其与制动器盘151断开，第二行星排行星架137和第一行星排内齿圈134能够转动，离合器140(常开)工作，离合器140与圆形支撑盘141连接，与圆形支撑盘141固定连接的第一行星排行星架133将动力传输至输出轴160，进一步的是，第二行星排内齿圈138与圆形支撑盘141结合，第一行星排内齿圈134通过第二行星排行星架137将动力传递给第二行星排内齿圈138，从而使第二行星排内齿圈138能够将动力传递至输出轴160，起到增速的作用。During the second gear, the drive motor rotates forward, the brake 150 does not work, and it is disconnected from the brake disc 151, the second planetary planet carrier 137 and the first planetary ring gear 134 can rotate, the clutch 140 (normally open) works, and the clutch 140 is connected with the circular support disc 141, and the first planetary planet carrier 133 fixedly connected with the circular support disc 141 transmits the power to the output shaft 160, further, the second planetary ring gear 138 is connected with the circular support disc 141, the first planetary ring gear 134 transmits power to the second planetary ring gear 138 through the second planetary carrier 137, so that the second planetary ring gear 138 can transmit power to the output shaft 160 , play the role of speed-up.

一挡升二挡过程，通过换挡控制单元实现离合器140(常开)由不工作状态切换到工作状态，制动器150由工作状态切换到不工作状态，驱动电机的动力通过驱动电机轴123末端传递到第一行星排太阳轮131，再经第一行星排行星轮132传递到第一行星排行星架133，最后通过第一行星排行星架133传递到输出轴160，且通过离合器140(常开)和制动器150的工作状态的切换，来实现第二行星排内齿圈138能够将增速动力传递至输出轴160。In the process of upgrading from the first gear to the second gear, the clutch 140 (normally open) is switched from the non-working state to the working state through the shift control unit, the brake 150 is switched from the working state to the non-working state, and the power of the driving motor is transmitted through the end of the driving motor shaft 123 to the first planetary sun gear 131, and then through the first planetary planetary gear 132 to the first planetary planetary carrier 133, and finally through the first planetary planetary carrier 133 to the output shaft 160, and through the clutch 140 (normally open ) and the switching of the working state of the brake 150 to realize that the second planetary ring gear 138 can transmit the speed-up power to the output shaft 160 .

二挡降一挡过程，通过换挡控制单元实现离合器140(常开)由工作状态切换到不工作状态，制动器150由不工作状态切换到工作状态，驱动电机的动力通过驱动电机轴123末端传递到第一行星排太阳轮131，再经第一行星排行星轮132传递到第一行星排行星架133，最后通过第一行星排行星架133传递到输出轴160，且通过离合器140(常开)和制动器150的工作状态的切换，来实现第二行星排内齿圈138不能够将增速动力传递至输出轴160。In the process of downshifting from the second gear to the first gear, the clutch 140 (normally open) is switched from the working state to the non-working state through the shift control unit, the brake 150 is switched from the non-working state to the working state, and the power of the driving motor is transmitted through the end of the driving motor shaft 123 to the first planetary sun gear 131, and then through the first planetary planetary gear 132 to the first planetary planetary carrier 133, and finally through the first planetary planetary carrier 133 to the output shaft 160, and through the clutch 140 (normally open ) and the switching of the working state of the brake 150 to realize that the second planetary ring gear 138 cannot transmit the speed-up power to the output shaft 160 .

倒挡时，驱动电机反转(与正转方向相反)，将反向动力传递给第一行星排太阳轮131，第一行星排太阳轮131将动力进一步传递给第一行星排行星轮132，此时制动器150工作，第二行星排行星架137和第一行星排内齿圈134制动，从而使与第一行星排内齿圈134啮合的第一行星排行星轮132进行自转和公转，进一步将动力传递至第一行星排行星架133；与此同时，离合器140(常开)不工作，离合器140与圆形支撑盘141断开，第二行星排内齿圈138同时与第二行星排行星架133和输出轴160断开，即第二行星排整体不工作。此时，第一行星排行星架133通过圆形支撑盘141将动力传输至输出轴160，实现整车倒向行驶。During the reverse gear, the drive motor is reversed (opposite to the forward direction), and the reverse power is transmitted to the first planetary row sun gear 131, and the first planetary row sun gear 131 further transmits power to the first planetary row planetary gear 132, At this time, the brake 150 works, and the second planetary planet carrier 137 and the first planetary ring gear 134 brake, so that the first planetary planetary gear 132 meshing with the first planetary ring gear 134 rotates and revolves, The power is further transmitted to the first planetary planetary carrier 133; meanwhile, the clutch 140 (normally open) does not work, the clutch 140 is disconnected from the circular support disc 141, and the second planetary ring gear 138 is connected to the second planetary ring simultaneously. The row planet carrier 133 is disconnected from the output shaft 160, that is, the second planet row does not work as a whole. At this time, the first planetary carrier 133 transmits the power to the output shaft 160 through the circular support disc 141 , so that the entire vehicle can travel in reverse.

空挡时，离合器140(常开)和制动器150均保持不工作状态，使得驱动电机轴123与输出轴160处于分离状态，切断了动力的传递。When in neutral, both the clutch 140 (normally open) and the brake 150 remain in a non-working state, so that the drive motor shaft 123 is separated from the output shaft 160, cutting off the transmission of power.

当整车以一挡行驶需制动时，驱动电机由电动机模式切换到发电机模式，对传动系统起到拖动作用，将整车的行驶动能转换为电能。When the vehicle needs to be braked while driving in first gear, the drive motor switches from the motor mode to the generator mode, which plays a role in dragging the transmission system and converts the driving kinetic energy of the vehicle into electrical energy.

当整车以二挡行驶需制动时，驱动电机由电动机模式切换到发电机模式，离合器140(常开)不工作，制动器150工作，对传动系统起到拖动作用，提高制动能量回收效率。When the whole vehicle needs to be braked when running in the second gear, the drive motor is switched from the motor mode to the generator mode, the clutch 140 (normally open) does not work, and the brake 150 works, which plays a dragging role on the transmission system and improves the recovery of braking energy efficiency.

如上所述，本实用新型具有如下有益效果：1、电驱动系统由驱动电机，一套双行星轮行星排和离合器总成组成，零件数量较少，结构紧凑，便于安装，并且传动过程中啮合的齿轮数较少，有效提高传动效率。2、采用永磁同步驱动电机和两挡变速器集成为一体，减少原材料的使用量，有效降低电驱动系统的成本，也降低了对电机的性能要求，减少了控制系统的复杂程度，提高了电机运行效率，增加了电动车的续驶里程。3、驱动电机可以实现反转，所以通过电机反转来实现倒挡，取消了倒挡的换挡执行机构，结构更加紧凑，且倒挡控制简单，易实现。4、驱动电机存在电动机和发电机两种工作模式，当整车处于制动工况时，驱动电机转换为发电机模式，起到制动能量回收，提高整车能量的利用率，达到节约能源的效果。As mentioned above, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. The electric drive system is composed of a drive motor, a set of double planetary planetary gears and a clutch assembly. The number of parts is small, the structure is compact, and it is easy to install. The number of gears is less, effectively improving the transmission efficiency. 2. The permanent magnet synchronous drive motor and the two-speed transmission are integrated to reduce the use of raw materials, effectively reduce the cost of the electric drive system, and also reduce the performance requirements for the motor, reduce the complexity of the control system, and improve the performance of the motor. The operating efficiency increases the driving range of the electric vehicle. 3. The driving motor can be reversed, so the reverse gear is realized through the reverse gear of the motor, and the gear shift actuator for reverse gear is cancelled, the structure is more compact, and the reverse gear control is simple and easy to implement. 4. The driving motor has two working modes: electric motor and generator. When the vehicle is in the braking condition, the driving motor is converted into a generator mode to recover braking energy, improve the utilization rate of vehicle energy, and save energy Effect.

尽管本实用新型的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用。它完全可以被适用于各种适合本实用新型的领域。对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改。因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本实用新型并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and implementation. It can be applied to various fields suitable for the utility model. Additional modifications can readily be made by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention should not be limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.