CN218586937U - Power supply circuit of photovoltaic tracker - Google Patents

本实用新型提供了一种光伏跟踪器供电电路，该电路包括：蓄电池、蓄电池放电管理单元、直流电机驱动单元、检测单元和控制单元；蓄电池放电管理单元的第一端与蓄电池相连，第二端与直流电机驱动单元相连，第三端与控制单元相连；检测单元配置为与控制单元相连，检测蓄电池放电管理单元的第二端的输出电压的实时值，将该实时值传输给控制单元；控制单元，用于根据该实时值，控制蓄电池放电管理单元调整蓄电池的放电，以使得蓄电池放电管理单元的第二端输出给直流电机驱动单元预设电压；直流电机驱动单元，用于驱动直流电动机。避免直流电动机转速不稳定带来的安全隐患，提高了运行安全性。

The utility model provides a photovoltaic tracker power supply circuit, which comprises: a battery, a battery discharge management unit, a DC motor drive unit, a detection unit and a control unit; the first end of the battery discharge management unit is connected to the battery, and the second end It is connected with the DC motor drive unit, and the third terminal is connected with the control unit; the detection unit is configured to be connected with the control unit, detects the real-time value of the output voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit, and transmits the real-time value to the control unit; the control unit , used to control the battery discharge management unit to adjust the discharge of the battery according to the real-time value, so that the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit outputs a preset voltage to the DC motor drive unit; the DC motor drive unit is used to drive the DC motor. Avoid the potential safety hazard caused by the unstable speed of the DC motor, and improve the operation safety.

光伏跟踪器供电电路Photovoltaic tracker power supply circuit

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及光伏发电技术领域，特别涉及一种光伏跟踪器供电电路。The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic tracker power supply circuit.

背景技术Background technique

光伏跟踪器在执行跟踪动作时，一般采用直流电机作为跟踪驱动的动力源。为了充分利用光伏资源，现有技术中一般采用组串供电+蓄电池供电方式或组件+蓄电池方式，由组串或组件+蓄电池提供的能量作为光伏跟踪器运转的能量。光照条件好的时候，由于光伏能量能够及时供电，直接搭载蓄电池的电机驱动电路的母线电压还相对稳定；在光照不足、没有光照或光照不稳定致使光伏能量不足的情况下，蓄电池的电压往往随着蓄电池电量的使用而降低，致使电机驱动电路的母线电压发生降低现象或不稳定的情况。When photovoltaic trackers perform tracking actions, DC motors are generally used as the power source for tracking drives. In order to make full use of photovoltaic resources, the prior art generally adopts the string power supply + battery power supply mode or the module + battery mode, and the energy provided by the string or module + battery is used as the energy for the operation of the photovoltaic tracker. When the lighting conditions are good, the bus voltage of the motor drive circuit directly equipped with the battery is relatively stable because the photovoltaic energy can supply power in time; The use of battery power decreases, resulting in a reduction or instability in the bus voltage of the motor drive circuit.

且电机驱动电路采用具有可实现脉宽调速和换向的桥式控制电路，电机的转速往往会因为驱动电路的母线电压波动，而发生转速不稳定，调速失效，甚至可能引起光伏跟踪器的机械部分发生抖动，严重时将会威胁到光伏跟踪器的运行安全。And the motor drive circuit adopts a bridge control circuit that can realize pulse width speed regulation and commutation. The speed of the motor will often be unstable due to the bus voltage fluctuation of the drive circuit, and the speed regulation will fail, which may even cause the photovoltaic tracker to fail. The mechanical part of the system shakes, which will threaten the operation safety of the photovoltaic tracker in severe cases.

实用新型内容Utility model content

本实用新型的目的是提供一种提高运行安全性的光伏跟踪器供电电路。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a power supply circuit of a photovoltaic tracker which improves the operation safety.

本实用新型提供一种光伏跟踪器供电电路，包括：The utility model provides a photovoltaic tracker power supply circuit, comprising:

蓄电池、蓄电池放电管理单元、直流电机驱动单元、检测单元和控制单元；Battery, battery discharge management unit, DC motor drive unit, detection unit and control unit;

所述蓄电池放电管理单元的第一端与所述蓄电池相连，所述蓄电池放电管理单元的第二端与所述直流电机驱动单元相连，所述蓄电池放电管理单元的第三端与所述控制单元相连；The first end of the battery discharge management unit is connected to the battery, the second end of the battery discharge management unit is connected to the DC motor drive unit, and the third end of the battery discharge management unit is connected to the control unit connected;

所述检测单元配置为与所述控制单元相连，并被配置为检测所述蓄电池放电管理单元的第二端的输出电压的实时值，将所述实时值传输给所述控制单元；The detection unit is configured to be connected to the control unit, and configured to detect a real-time value of the output voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit, and transmit the real-time value to the control unit;

所述控制单元，用于根据所述实时值，控制所述蓄电池放电管理单元调整所述蓄电池的放电，以使得所述蓄电池放电管理单元的第二端输出给所述直流电机驱动单元预设电压；The control unit is configured to control the battery discharge management unit to adjust the discharge of the battery according to the real-time value, so that the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit outputs a preset voltage to the DC motor drive unit ;

所述直流电机驱动单元，用于驱动直流电动机。The DC motor drive unit is used to drive a DC motor.

本实用新型实施例提供的光伏跟踪器控制电路，通过设置蓄电池、蓄电池放电管理单元、直流电机驱动单元、检测单元和控制单元；且蓄电池放电管理单元的第一端与蓄电池相连，蓄电池放电管理单元的第二端与直流电机驱动单元相连，蓄电池放电管理单元的第三端与控制单元相连；检测单元配置为与控制单元相连，并被配置为检测蓄电池放电管理单元的第二端的输出电压的实时值，将该实时值传输给控制单元；设置控制单元根据该实时值，控制蓄电池放电管理单元调整蓄电池的放电，以使得蓄电池放电管理单元的第二端输出给直流电机驱动单元预设电压；设置直流电机驱动单元驱动直流电动机。通过设置直流电机驱动单元实现了确保直流电动机能够正常转向；通过设置检测单元、控制单元和蓄电池放电管理单元，实现了在检测到直流电机驱动单元的输入端电压异常时，通过调整使得直流电机驱动单元的输入端电压能够保持稳定，从而避免直流电动机转速不稳定带来的安全隐患，提高了运行安全性。The photovoltaic tracker control circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model is provided with a battery, a battery discharge management unit, a DC motor drive unit, a detection unit and a control unit; and the first end of the battery discharge management unit is connected to the battery, and the battery discharge management unit The second terminal of the battery discharge management unit is connected to the DC motor drive unit, and the third terminal of the battery discharge management unit is connected to the control unit; the detection unit is configured to be connected to the control unit and configured to detect the real-time output voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit. value, transmit the real-time value to the control unit; set the control unit to control the battery discharge management unit to adjust the discharge of the battery according to the real-time value, so that the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit outputs the preset voltage to the DC motor drive unit; set The DC motor drive unit drives the DC motor. By setting the DC motor drive unit, it is realized that the DC motor can turn normally; by setting the detection unit, the control unit and the battery discharge management unit, it is realized that when the voltage at the input terminal of the DC motor drive unit is detected to be abnormal, the DC motor can be driven by adjustment. The voltage at the input terminal of the unit can be kept stable, thereby avoiding the potential safety hazard caused by the unstable rotational speed of the DC motor, and improving the operation safety.

附图说明Description of drawings

以下附图仅旨在于对本实用新型做示意性说明和解释，并不限定本实用新型的范围。其中：The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the utility model schematically, and do not limit the scope of the utility model. in:

图1是本实用新型实施例的光伏跟踪器控制电路的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the photovoltaic tracker control circuit of the utility model embodiment;

图2是本实用新型一具体实施例中蓄电池放电管理单元的电路结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the storage battery discharge management unit in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本实用新型具体实施例中光伏跟踪器控制电路的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the control circuit of the photovoltaic tracker in the specific embodiment of the utility model;

图4是本实用新型具体实施例中桥式驱动电路的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the bridge drive circuit in the specific embodiment of the utility model;

图5是本实用新型又一具体实施例中光伏跟踪器控制电路的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic tracker control circuit in another specific embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面通过附图和实施例对本申请进一步详细说明。通过这些说明，本申请的特点和优点将变得更为清楚明确。The present application will be further described in detail through the accompanying drawings and embodiments below. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present application will become clearer and more specific.

在这里专用的词“示例性”意为“用作例子、实施例或说明性”。这里作为“示例性”所说明的任何实施例不必解释为优于或好于其它实施例。尽管在附图中示出了实施例的各种方面，但是除非特别指出，不必按比例绘制附图。The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as superior or better than other embodiments. While various aspects of the embodiments are shown in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.

此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.

本实用新型实施例提供了一种光伏跟踪器供电电路，用以提高运行安全性，该光伏跟踪器供电电路的拓扑结构，如图1所示，包括：The embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic tracker power supply circuit to improve the operation safety. The topology structure of the photovoltaic tracker power supply circuit, as shown in Figure 1, includes:

蓄电池101、蓄电池放电管理单元102、直流电机驱动单元103、检测单元104和控制单元105；Battery 101, battery discharge management unit 102, DC motor drive unit 103, detection unit 104 and control unit 105;

蓄电池放电管理单元102的第一端与蓄电池101相连，蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端与直流电机驱动单元103相连，蓄电池放电管理单元102的第三端与控制单元105相连；具体地，蓄电池放电管理单元102的第一端通过正负母线与蓄电池101的正负极相连，蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端通过正负母线与直流电机驱动单元103相连，具体实施例中，为了线路优化，可如图1中所示，蓄电池101、蓄电池放电管理单元102和直流电机驱动单元103均连接在统一的两根正负母线上。The first end of the battery discharge management unit 102 is connected to the battery 101, the second end of the battery discharge management unit 102 is connected to the DC motor drive unit 103, and the third end of the battery discharge management unit 102 is connected to the control unit 105; specifically, the battery The first end of the discharge management unit 102 is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery 101 through the positive and negative bus bars, and the second end of the battery discharge management unit 102 is connected to the DC motor drive unit 103 through the positive and negative bus bars. As shown in FIG. 1 , the battery 101 , the battery discharge management unit 102 and the DC motor drive unit 103 are all connected to two unified positive and negative bus bars.

检测单元104配置为与控制单元105相连，并被配置为检测蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出电压的实时值，将该实时值传输给控制单元105；通过对蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出电压数值进行实时检测，以确保能够及时得知直流电机驱动单元103的输入端电压不稳定的情况，从而避免由此引发的直流电动机调速失效的问题。The detection unit 104 is configured to be connected to the control unit 105, and is configured to detect the real-time value of the output voltage of the second terminal of the storage battery discharge management unit 102, and transmit the real-time value to the control unit 105; The output voltage values at the two terminals are detected in real time to ensure that the voltage instability at the input terminal of the DC motor drive unit 103 can be known in time, thereby avoiding the failure of the DC motor speed regulation caused thereby.

控制单元105，用于根据该实时值，控制蓄电池放电管理单元102调整蓄电池的放电，以使得蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出给直流电机驱动单元103预设电压；其中，预设电压一般是符合直流电动机转速的输入电压，具体实施时，可根据常用电压来预先设置，也可根据直流电动机的转速需求进行转换，实时设置。The control unit 105 is used to control the battery discharge management unit 102 to adjust the discharge of the battery according to the real-time value, so that the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102 outputs a preset voltage to the DC motor drive unit 103; wherein, the preset voltage is generally It is the input voltage that conforms to the speed of the DC motor. During the specific implementation, it can be preset according to the common voltage, or it can be converted and set in real time according to the speed requirement of the DC motor.

直流电机驱动单元103与直流电动机相连，用于驱动直流电动机。The DC motor drive unit 103 is connected to the DC motor and used to drive the DC motor.

本实用新型实施例提供的光伏跟踪器控制电路，通过设置蓄电池101、蓄电池放电管理单元102、直流电机驱动单元103、检测单元104和控制单元105；且蓄电池放电管理单元102的第一端与蓄电池101相连，蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端与直流电机驱动单元103相连，蓄电池放电管理单元102的第三端与控制单元105相连；检测单元104配置为与控制单元105相连，并被配置为检测蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出电压的实时值，将该实时值传输给控制单元105；设置控制单元105根据该实时值，控制蓄电池放电管理单元102调整蓄电池101的放电，以使得蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出给直流电机驱动单元103预设电压；设置直流电机驱动单元103驱动直流电动机。通过设置直流电机驱动单元103实现了确保直流电动机能够正常转向；通过设置检测单元104、控制单元105和蓄电池放电管理单元102，实现了在检测到直流电机驱动单元103的输入端电压异常时，通过调整使得直流电机驱动单元103的输入端电压能够保持稳定，从而避免直流电动机转速不稳定带来的安全隐患，提高了运行安全性。The photovoltaic tracker control circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model is provided with a battery 101, a battery discharge management unit 102, a DC motor drive unit 103, a detection unit 104 and a control unit 105; and the first end of the battery discharge management unit 102 is connected to the battery 101 connected, the second end of the battery discharge management unit 102 is connected to the DC motor drive unit 103, the third end of the battery discharge management unit 102 is connected to the control unit 105; the detection unit 104 is configured to be connected to the control unit 105, and is configured as Detect the real-time value of the output voltage of the second terminal of the storage battery discharge management unit 102, and transmit the real-time value to the control unit 105; the setting control unit 105 controls the storage battery discharge management unit 102 to adjust the discharge of the storage battery 101 according to the real-time value, so that the storage battery The second terminal of the discharge management unit 102 outputs a preset voltage to the DC motor drive unit 103; the DC motor drive unit 103 is set to drive the DC motor. By setting the DC motor drive unit 103, it is realized that the DC motor can turn normally; by setting the detection unit 104, the control unit 105 and the storage battery discharge management unit 102, it is realized that when the input terminal voltage of the DC motor drive unit 103 is detected to be abnormal, through The adjustment enables the voltage at the input end of the DC motor drive unit 103 to be kept stable, thereby avoiding potential safety hazards caused by unstable rotational speed of the DC motor and improving operation safety.

如图2所示，为一具体实施例中蓄电池放电管理单元102的电路结构，包括：As shown in Figure 2, it is a circuit structure of the storage battery discharge management unit 102 in a specific embodiment, including:

第一开关器件Q1、第一电感L1、第一二极管D1和第一电容C1；a first switching device Q1, a first inductor L1, a first diode D1 and a first capacitor C1;

第一开关器件Q1的第一端与蓄电池101的正极相连，第一开关器件Q1的第二端分别与第一电感L1的第一端、第一二极管D1的阴极相连；第一开关器件Q1的第三端与控制单元105相连，以接收控制单元105发送的控制信号；第一开关器件Q1可选用晶体管，具体型号根据实际需要进行选择。The first end of the first switching device Q1 is connected to the positive pole of the storage battery 101, and the second end of the first switching device Q1 is respectively connected to the first end of the first inductor L1 and the cathode of the first diode D1; the first switching device The third terminal of Q1 is connected to the control unit 105 to receive the control signal sent by the control unit 105; the first switching device Q1 can be a transistor, and the specific model can be selected according to actual needs.

第一二极管D1的阳极与第一电容C1的第一端相连，以防止电流倒灌。The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 to prevent current backflow.

第一电感L1的第二端和第一电容C1的第二端均与蓄电池101的负极相连；Both the second end of the first inductor L1 and the second end of the first capacitor C1 are connected to the negative pole of the storage battery 101 ;

第一电容C1并联在正母线和负母线之间。The first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between the positive bus and the negative bus.

具体实施例中，控制单元105用于向第一开关器件Q1发送PWM(Pulse WidthModulation，脉冲宽度调制)控制信号，以调节第一开关器件Q1的占空比，再通过第一电感L1和第一电容C1配合，实现电压的升降，即将蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端电压相较于第一端电压升高或降低，实现对蓄电池放电的调整。In a specific embodiment, the control unit 105 is configured to send a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation, pulse width modulation) control signal to the first switching device Q1 to adjust the duty ratio of the first switching device Q1, and then through the first inductor L1 and the first The capacitor C1 cooperates to realize the voltage rise and fall, that is, the voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102 is increased or decreased compared with the voltage of the first terminal, so as to adjust the discharge of the battery.

由于蓄电池存储电量有限，一般外部电源给蓄电池充电，故在一具体实施例中，如图3所示，光伏跟踪器供电电路还包括：蓄电池充电管理单元301，蓄电池充电管理单元301的第一端与外部电源相连，蓄电池充电管理单元的第二端与蓄电池相连；蓄电池充电管理单元301，用于调节蓄电池的充电电压不大于蓄电池101的输入电压阈值。且外部电源为光伏组件或光伏组串。具体实施例中，蓄电池充电管理单元301的第三端与控制单元105相连。相应地，控制单元105，还用于向蓄电池充电管理单元301发送蓄电池充电控制信号，以控制蓄电池充电管理单元301，使得蓄电池101的充电电压不大于蓄电池101的输入电压阈值。Due to the limited storage capacity of the storage battery, an external power supply generally charges the storage battery. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. It is connected to an external power source, and the second terminal of the battery charging management unit is connected to the battery; the battery charging management unit 301 is used to adjust the charging voltage of the battery so that it is not greater than the input voltage threshold of the battery 101 . And the external power source is a photovoltaic module or a photovoltaic string. In a specific embodiment, the third terminal of the storage battery charging management unit 301 is connected to the control unit 105 . Correspondingly, the control unit 105 is also configured to send a battery charging control signal to the battery charging management unit 301 to control the battery charging management unit 301 so that the charging voltage of the battery 101 is not greater than the input voltage threshold of the battery 101 .

具体地，为了线路优化，蓄电池充电管理单元301也可连接在统一的正负母线上，并与外部电源相连。由于外部电源的输出电压可能是蓄电池能够承受电压的几倍或几十倍，故设置蓄电池充电管理单元301将外部电源的输出电压降低，使其降低至蓄电池的输入电压阈值(例如，29.2V)之下，防止过充，以保证蓄电池充电的安全性。Specifically, for circuit optimization, the storage battery charging management unit 301 may also be connected to a unified positive and negative busbar, and connected to an external power source. Since the output voltage of the external power supply may be several times or dozens of times the voltage that the battery can withstand, the battery charging management unit 301 is set to reduce the output voltage of the external power supply to the input voltage threshold of the battery (for example, 29.2V). Next, prevent overcharging to ensure the safety of battery charging.

具体实施例中，检测单元104至少包括电压检测装置，如电压传感器或电压表，将其安装在蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端所连接的正负母线之间，用于测量蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出电压的实时值。具体实施时，还可根据实际需要，利用检测单元104检测蓄电池充电管理单元301的第二端电压，以防止其电压值超过蓄电池的输入电压阈值；还可利用检测单元104检测直流电动机的输入电压，实时监测电动机的状态。In a specific embodiment, the detection unit 104 includes at least a voltage detection device, such as a voltage sensor or a voltmeter, which is installed between the positive and negative bus bars connected to the second end of the battery discharge management unit 102, and is used to measure the voltage of the battery discharge management unit. The real-time value of the output voltage of the second terminal of 102 . During specific implementation, the detection unit 104 can also be used to detect the second terminal voltage of the storage battery charging management unit 301 according to actual needs, so as to prevent its voltage value from exceeding the input voltage threshold of the storage battery; the detection unit 104 can also be used to detect the input voltage of the DC motor , to monitor the state of the motor in real time.

具体实施例中，控制单元105包括处理子单元和控制子单元，处理子单元至少包括处理器，可选用单片机或MCU(Micro Control Unit，微控制单元105)，用以对输入的信号或数据进行计算或处理，输出相应的控制信号给其他部件，例如生成PWM控制信号、电子元件的开关控制信号或输出电压的控制信号等。由于处理子单元的驱动能力有限，为了使得处理子单元发出的控制信号能够到达对应的元器件，设置控制子单元，通过门电路等结构将控制信号的驱动能力增强。具体的处理子单元和控制子单元的电路构造为现有技术，本实用新型实施例在此不再赘述。In a specific embodiment, the control unit 105 includes a processing subunit and a control subunit, and the processing subunit includes at least a processor, and a single-chip microcomputer or MCU (Micro Control Unit, micro control unit 105) can be selected for processing input signals or data. Calculate or process, and output corresponding control signals to other components, such as generating PWM control signals, switching control signals of electronic components or control signals of output voltage, etc. Since the driving ability of the processing subunit is limited, in order to enable the control signal sent by the processing subunit to reach the corresponding components, the control subunit is set up, and the driving ability of the control signal is enhanced through structures such as gate circuits. The specific circuit configurations of the processing sub-unit and the control sub-unit are in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here in the embodiment of the present utility model.

具体实施例中，直流电机驱动单元103包括如图4所示的桥式驱动电路，桥式驱动电路用于控制直流电动机转向，通过桥式驱动电路中四个开关元件(Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5)的打开和闭合，调整流经直流电动机的电流的方向，从而改变直流电动机转向。其中，Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5可选用MOSFET(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，金属-氧化层半导体场效晶体管)器件。In a specific embodiment, the DC motor drive unit 103 includes a bridge drive circuit as shown in FIG. The opening and closing of Q5) adjusts the direction of the current flowing through the DC motor, thereby changing the direction of the DC motor. Among them, Q2, Q3, Q4, and Q5 may be MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) devices.

相应地，控制单元105，还用于发送电动机换向信号给直流电机驱动单元103，以控制直流电动机转向变换。即在需要电动机换向时，向控制单元105输入指令或信号，控制单元105接收后进行处理，向直流电机驱动单元103发送电动机换向信号，使得桥式驱动电路中的开关元件的开关状态改变，通过对管桥臂的导通切换改变直流电动机的转向。Correspondingly, the control unit 105 is also configured to send a motor commutation signal to the DC motor drive unit 103 to control the DC motor commutation. That is, when the motor commutation is required, an instruction or signal is input to the control unit 105, and the control unit 105 processes it after receiving it, and sends a motor commutation signal to the DC motor drive unit 103, so that the switch state of the switch element in the bridge drive circuit changes , change the steering direction of the DC motor by switching the conduction of the tube bridge arm.

在一具体实施例中，为了确保能够对直流电动机的转速进行调节，控制单元105，还用于：基于电动机目标转速，确定蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出目标电压；基于输出目标电压和上述实时值，向蓄电池放电管理单元102发送电压控制信号(数字信号或模拟信号)。一方面检测蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出电压实时值，另一方面接收直流电动机的转速需求，以确定蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出电压的目标值，基于目标值和实时值，控制单元105的处理器进行运算，给出蓄电池放电管理单元102的实时调整方案，以使得蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出电压的实时值逐渐逼近目标值，实现对直流电动机的调速。In a specific embodiment, in order to ensure that the rotation speed of the DC motor can be adjusted, the control unit 105 is further configured to: determine the output target voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102 based on the target rotation speed of the motor; determine the output target voltage based on the output target voltage and The above-mentioned real-time value sends a voltage control signal (digital signal or analog signal) to the storage battery discharge management unit 102 . On the one hand, detect the real-time value of the output voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102, and on the other hand, receive the speed requirement of the DC motor to determine the target value of the output voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102, based on the target value and the real-time value , the processor of the control unit 105 performs calculations to provide a real-time adjustment scheme for the battery discharge management unit 102, so that the real-time value of the output voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102 gradually approaches the target value, and realizes the speed regulation of the DC motor .

此外，由于各个单元所需的工作电压不同，如图5所示，具体实施例中还包括：电源单元501，与蓄电池101相连，用于为控制单元105和检测单元104供电，提供对应各个单元工作电压等级的电压。具体实施时，电源单元501可连接在正负母线上任何一个位置，不仅可以依靠蓄电池供电，也可依靠外部电源供电。电源单元501可包括不同的电压变换器件以及整流器件。In addition, since the working voltages required by each unit are different, as shown in FIG. 5 , the specific embodiment also includes: a power supply unit 501, connected to the storage battery 101, for supplying power to the control unit 105 and the detection unit 104, and providing corresponding The voltage of the working voltage level. During specific implementation, the power supply unit 501 can be connected to any position on the positive and negative busbars, and can be powered not only by a storage battery, but also by an external power supply. The power supply unit 501 may include various voltage conversion devices and rectification devices.

在本实用新型具体实施例中，所提供的光伏跟踪器供电电路的工作原理为：In the specific embodiment of the utility model, the working principle of the provided photovoltaic tracker power supply circuit is as follows:

外部电源由光伏组串或光伏组件提供能源，通过适配的蓄电池充电管理单元301实现一级电压变换。蓄电池充电管理单元301的第二端的电压不高于蓄电池101的输入电压阈值，进一步地，还可通过控制单元105根据外部电源可提供能量情况、光伏跟踪器用电情况及蓄电池电量情况实时调整，以此构成以蓄电池端口电压为参考的一级电压控制，实现对蓄电池端口的电压控制。The external power supply is provided by photovoltaic strings or photovoltaic modules, and the primary voltage conversion is realized through the adapted battery charging management unit 301 . The voltage of the second terminal of the battery charging management unit 301 is not higher than the input voltage threshold of the battery 101, further, it can also be adjusted in real time through the control unit 105 according to the energy provided by the external power supply, the power consumption of the photovoltaic tracker and the power of the battery, In this way, a primary voltage control with the battery port voltage as a reference is formed to realize the voltage control of the battery port.

在外部电源电量足够且蓄电池满电情况下，此时蓄电池101的电压达到最高，不进行对蓄电池101充电，蓄电池充电管理单元301维持住蓄电池101的最高电压。外部电源能量给电源单元501提供能源，并和蓄电池101共同通过蓄电池放电管理单元102给直流电机驱动单元103供电。When the external power supply is sufficient and the battery is fully charged, the voltage of the battery 101 reaches the highest at this time, and the battery 101 is not charged, and the battery charging management unit 301 maintains the highest voltage of the battery 101 . The external power supply provides energy to the power supply unit 501 , and supplies power to the DC motor drive unit 103 together with the battery 101 through the battery discharge management unit 102 .

检测单元104检测蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出电压的实时值，并传输给控制单元105，控制单元105基于转速要求或电压稳定的需求，对实时值进行分析，发出控制信号给蓄电池放电管理单元102以调节蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出电压。The detection unit 104 detects the real-time value of the output voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102, and transmits it to the control unit 105, and the control unit 105 analyzes the real-time value based on the speed requirement or the voltage stability requirement, and sends a control signal to discharge the battery The management unit 102 is used to adjust the output voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102 .

蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出可以控制直流电机驱动单元103输入端的母线电压。进而用以调整直流电动机的转速。蓄电池放电管理单元102的输入能量由蓄电池提供或由蓄电池和外部电源共同提供，用于使直流电机驱动单元103输入端的母线电压维持在需要的电压值，从而维持或调整电动机的转速。The output of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102 can control the bus voltage at the input terminal of the DC motor drive unit 103 . And then used to adjust the speed of the DC motor. The input energy of the battery discharge management unit 102 is provided by the battery or jointly provided by the battery and an external power source, and is used to maintain the bus voltage at the input end of the DC motor drive unit 103 at a required voltage value, thereby maintaining or adjusting the speed of the motor.

蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出电压是可调的，调整范围根据直流电动机的额定电压设定，在额定电压基础上的上下调整，实现电动机转速的加速或减速，从而达到调速控制的目的。The output voltage of the second terminal of the storage battery discharge management unit 102 is adjustable, and the adjustment range is set according to the rated voltage of the DC motor. Adjusting up and down on the basis of the rated voltage realizes the acceleration or deceleration of the motor speed, thereby achieving the goal of speed regulation control. Purpose.

直流电机驱动单元103通过桥式驱动电路，控制直流电动机的输入电压的正负极性换向，实现电极的正反转动变换。The DC motor drive unit 103 controls the positive and negative polarity commutation of the input voltage of the DC motor through the bridge drive circuit, so as to realize the positive and negative rotation conversion of the electrodes.

利用本实用新型实施例提供的光伏跟踪器供电电路能够保证电机输入侧电压稳定，具体的工作原理为：通过检测单元104检测蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出电压的实时值，得到实时值；通过控制单元105对该实时值进行数据处理，向蓄电池放电管理单元102发送电压控制信号，以使得蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出给直流电机驱动单元103预设电压。The photovoltaic tracker power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the utility model can ensure the voltage stability of the motor input side, and the specific working principle is: the real-time value of the output voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102 is detected by the detection unit 104 to obtain the real-time value The real-time value is processed by the control unit 105, and a voltage control signal is sent to the battery discharge management unit 102, so that the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102 outputs a preset voltage to the DC motor drive unit 103.

通过检测单元104对蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出电压的实时值的检测，控制单元105能够及时判断出电机转速不稳定的情况，并发出控制信号给蓄电池放电管理单元102，以使得蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出的电压能够稳定，以解决电机转速不稳定的问题，提高运行的安全性。Through the detection of the real-time value of the output voltage of the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102 by the detection unit 104, the control unit 105 can judge in time that the motor speed is unstable, and send a control signal to the battery discharge management unit 102, so that the battery The voltage output by the second terminal of the discharge management unit 102 can be stable, so as to solve the problem of unstable motor speed and improve the safety of operation.

进一步地，在光伏跟踪器对转速有要求的情况下，还能够利用该光伏跟踪器供电电路改变直流电动机的转速，具体的工作原理为：Furthermore, in the case that the photovoltaic tracker has requirements on the speed, the power supply circuit of the photovoltaic tracker can also be used to change the speed of the DC motor. The specific working principle is:

通过控制单元105，根据电动机目标转速，确定蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出目标电压；例如，电动机启动时，蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出目标电压需要由较低电压值逐步上升。Through the control unit 105, according to the motor target speed, determine the output target voltage of the second terminal of the storage battery discharge management unit 102; for example, when the motor is started, the output target voltage of the second terminal of the storage battery discharge management unit 102 needs to gradually rise from a lower voltage value .

通过检测单元104检测蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端的输出电压的实时值，得到实时值；Detecting the real-time value of the output voltage of the second end of the storage battery discharge management unit 102 by the detection unit 104 to obtain the real-time value;

通过控制单元105对实时值和输出目标电压进行数据处理，向蓄电池放电管理单元102发送电压控制信号，以使得蓄电池放电管理单元102的第二端输出给直流电机驱动单元103该输出目标电压。The real-time value and the output target voltage are processed by the control unit 105, and a voltage control signal is sent to the battery discharge management unit 102, so that the second terminal of the battery discharge management unit 102 outputs the output target voltage to the DC motor drive unit 103.

本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于系统实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for relevant parts, refer to part of the description of the method embodiment. In this document, relational terms such as first and second etc. are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another without necessarily requiring or implying any such relationship between these entities or operations. Actual relationship or sequence.

需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本实用新型中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。本实用新型并不局限于任何单一的方面，也不局限于任何单一的实施例，也不局限于这些方面和/或实施例的任意组合和/或置换。而且，可以单独使用本实用新型的每个方面和/或实施例或者与一个或更多其他方面和/或其实施例结合使用。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The utility model is not limited to any single aspect, nor to any single embodiment, nor to any combination and/or replacement of these aspects and/or embodiments. Furthermore, each aspect and/or embodiment of the present invention may be used alone or in combination with one or more other aspects and/or embodiments thereof.

最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本实用新型各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本实用新型的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit it; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand : It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the various embodiments of the present invention The scope of the technical solution shall be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present utility model.