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EP3132094B1 - Method and device for monitoring a ram post being driven into a ground - Google Patents

  • ️Wed Mar 07 2018

EP3132094B1 - Method and device for monitoring a ram post being driven into a ground - Google Patents

Method and device for monitoring a ram post being driven into a ground Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3132094B1
EP3132094B1 EP14720917.5A EP14720917A EP3132094B1 EP 3132094 B1 EP3132094 B1 EP 3132094B1 EP 14720917 A EP14720917 A EP 14720917A EP 3132094 B1 EP3132094 B1 EP 3132094B1 Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
post
ground
ram post
ram
blows
Prior art date
2014-04-14
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14720917.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3132094A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Habdank
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Habdank Pv-Montagesysteme & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Habdank Pv-Montagesysteme & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
2014-04-14
Filing date
2014-04-14
Publication date
2018-03-07
2014-04-14 Application filed by Habdank Pv-Montagesysteme & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Habdank Pv-Montagesysteme & Co KG GmbH
2017-02-22 Publication of EP3132094A1 publication Critical patent/EP3132094A1/en
2018-03-07 Application granted granted Critical
2018-03-07 Publication of EP3132094B1 publication Critical patent/EP3132094B1/en
Status Active legal-status Critical Current
2034-04-14 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

  • 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
  • 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
  • 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
  • 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
  • 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 18
  • 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 10
  • 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
  • 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
  • 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
  • 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
  • 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
  • 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
  • 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
  • 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
  • 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
  • 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
  • 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
  • 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
  • 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
  • 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
  • 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
  • 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
  • 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1

Images

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06Power-driven drivers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25DPERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/14Control devices for the reciprocating piston
    • B25D9/26Control devices for adjusting the stroke of the piston or the force or frequency of impact thereof
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E02D13/06Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers for observation while placing
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06Power-driven drivers
    • E02D7/10Power-driven drivers with pressure-actuated hammer, i.e. the pressure fluid acting directly on the hammer structure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H17/00Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals
    • E04H17/26Devices for erecting or removing fences
    • E04H17/261Devices for erecting or removing fences for post and wire handling
    • E04H17/263Devices for erecting or removing fences for post and wire handling for erecting posts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25DPERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/221Sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring the ramming of a pile in a ground.
  • Such Rammpfosten serve generally as load-bearing elements for objects of all kinds.
  • a ram post is rammed with its lower end in a floor, so that the lower part of the pile post sunk in the ground and is fixed in position there fixed.
  • the upper part of the piling juts out over the floor surface so that objects can be placed there, which are then carried by the piling.
  • Rammpfosten this kind can be used in a variety of applications. In principle, applications are conceivable in which a single pile post is provided, which alone carries an object, such as a poster or an advertising medium.
  • Ramming posts are particularly frequently used in applications where several ramming posts are required for the storage of objects.
  • An example of this are supporting structures for solar modules, which are designed in particular as outdoor facilities.
  • Such systems require a series of ram posts that are driven into the ground.
  • the supporting structure consisting of an array of individual carriers, mounted, which then carries the solar modules.
  • a problem with such systems is generally a stable, firm anchoring of the ramming posts in the ground, especially in the ground.
  • a more or less stable hold of the ram posts is obtained. If, for example, ramming posts are anchored in a loose soil, only a slight hold of the pile post is obtained. But this results in an instability of the entire support structure.
  • US 2012/020346 A1 describes a system for monitoring an installation of a pile in a subsurface.
  • the system has a monitoring unit with which real-time data relating to the insertion of the pile into the ground are recorded and displayed.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device and a method which ensure increased reliability of ramming rammed into a floor.
  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring the ramming of a pile in a ground.
  • a percussion drive device By means of a percussion drive device, a series of punches is exerted on the ramming post, through which the ramming post is driven into the ground.
  • a monitoring unit parameters for the load-bearing capacity of the pile in the ground are determined during the driving in of the pile.
  • the invention further relates to a corresponding method.
  • the basic idea of the invention is therefore to determine the load-bearing capacity of the pile in the ground during ramming of the pile by means of the impact drive, whereby a reliable measure of how securely the pile is anchored in the ground is already present or immediately after completion of the drilling operation.
  • impact drive device also includes devices with vibratory drives that generate low-energy but higher-frequency shocks than devices with impact drivers that perform hammer-like impacts.
  • the carrying capacity As a measure of the carrying capacity is generally detected by means of the monitoring unit, how heavy, that is, with what resistance the ramming post is driven into the ground. The heavier the ramming post can be rammed, that is, the greater the force required to ram the pile into the ground, the greater the load capacity of the pile, that is, the more stable the ram will be anchored in the ground.
  • the parameters determined by means of the monitoring unit for the load capacity of the pile are immediately after the Einrammvorgang available and can be used directly by the user, in particular such that the pile is not loaded with excessive loads, which would affect the stability of the pile.
  • the resistance of a pile post is generally determined to determine the resistance required to drive the pile pile, additional information can be obtained, for example, on obstacles such as stones, which make it difficult or hinder the pile to pile in.
  • the results of the monitoring unit can be utilized in the event that several ramming posts are required for the production of larger plants.
  • An example of such systems are supporting structures for solar modules, which are designed in particular as outdoor facilities. There, a plurality of posts must be rammed into a floor, on which post then carriers are attached, which carry the solar modules.
  • the user can immediately choose a suitable post arrangement on site, which ensures sufficient stability of the supporting structure.
  • the user determines that a piling has a high load capacity, the user can put the following ram posts at a relatively high distance.
  • a pile post has a low load capacity, the user can place the next pile pile close to it, so as to obtain the required stability of the overall system.
  • the number of impacts which is required to drive the ramming post into the ground up to a predetermined desired depth is determined as a parameter for the carrying capacity.
  • the total number of strokes needed to ram the pile forms an integral measure of the load bearing capacity of the pile.
  • these parameters for the individual ramming posts are related to a reference size.
  • This reference variable advantageously defines a value for a sufficient load capacity of the pile. Then, when ramming a pile, the currently required number of beats is compared with the reference size, which is also a number. If the currently determined number of strokes is greater than the reference size, the load capacity of the pile is sufficient. If the currently required number of strokes is smaller than the reference size, the load capacity of the pile is poor.
  • it is determined as a parameter for the carrying capacity how far the ramming post is driven into the ground with a predetermined number of impacts.
  • this parameter is determined several times during the ramming of the pile, so that over the Einrammweg the ram posts a spatially resolved information about the load capacity of the ram is obtained.
  • the force which is exerted on the ramming post during ramming thereof is advantageously kept constant, so that no measurement of the forces acting on the ramming post which are exerted by the impact drive device is required. Rather, only the number of strokes that are exerted on the ramming post with the impact drive device and the distance traveled by pile rams when driving into the ground must be recorded as measured variables.
  • the monitoring unit of the device according to the invention has suitable measuring means, the measured values of the measuring means being read into a computer unit of the monitoring unit and being evaluated there.
  • the force exerted on the ram and the force caused by the respective impacts penetration depth of the Rammpfostens be determined in the soil as characteristics for the sustainability of the individual strokes.
  • the monitoring unit preferably having a force sensor whose measured values together with the measured values for the distance measurement in the Computer unit of the monitoring unit read and evaluated there.
  • the monitoring unit has an output unit for outputting the characteristic quantities.
  • the device according to the invention and the impact drive device on a movable by means of a linear drive percussion drive, which drives a hammer, which exerts blows on the top of the pile.
  • the hammer has a receptacle for the upper edge of the pile, so that there is always a guide of the hammer from the top of the pile.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a pile post 1, which is in a soil, in particular in the soil 2, rammed.
  • FIG. 1 shows the sake of simplicity, only a small section of the soil 2 to the ramming post 1 in the region of the earth's surface.
  • the ramming post 1 is driven into a grounded position 2 in which a region of the pile post 1 lies within the soil 2 and the remaining region B of the pile pillar 1 projects beyond the surface of the earth.
  • the Rammpfosten 1 consists in the present case of a rectangular C-profile ( FIG. 2 ), which consists of a metallic material, in particular steel.
  • the cross-section of the C-profile is constant over its entire length.
  • the lower edges of the C-profile have a small cross-sectional area, with which the ramming post 1 can be easily introduced into the soil 2.
  • the C-profile may also have another polygonal cross-section.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a percussion drive device 3, by means of which a ramming post 1 is driven into a floor.
  • the impact drive device 3 comprises a linear drive 4 in the form of a mast, on which a percussion drive 5 is movably mounted in the vertical direction.
  • the percussion drive 5 is mounted with holders 6 in a longitudinal guide of the linear drive 4.
  • the holder 6 of the percussion drive 5 is held with steel cables 7 on the linear drive 4, which are actuated by the linear drive 4 in order to move the percussion drive 5 in the vertical direction.
  • the percussion drive 5 has in the present case a hydraulic drive unit which actuates a hammer 8, so that the hammer 8 exerts a series of blows on the top of the pile 1 and thereby ramming the pile 1 in the ground.
  • the hammer 8 is mounted on the upper edge of the Rammpfostens 1.
  • FIGS. 4a, 4b show the hammer 8, which is slidably mounted in a guide in the longitudinal direction.
  • the guide comprises two identically formed plate-shaped guide elements 9, each having a rectangular recess 10. In these guide segments 11 are performed as components of the hammer 8, so that the hammer 8 can perform only a positively guided vertical movement.
  • the hammer 8 strikes in the in FIG. 4a Arrow direction shown on the ram posts 1, whereby the pile post 1 is rammed into the ground.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show the hammer 8 in a single representation.
  • the hammer 8 is formed substantially cuboid.
  • a pocket forming a recess 13 is provided, in which the upper edge of the pile post 1 is inserted.
  • the contour of the recess 13 is adapted to the cross section of the pile post 1, so that its upper edge is mounted without play in the recess 13.
  • the guide segments 11 protrude on opposite side walls of the percussion drive 5.
  • the protruding from the flat side walls, identically shaped guide segments 11 extend over the entire height of the percussion drive 5 and have a constant rectangular cross-section.
  • the impact drive device 3 is an in FIG. 7 Assigned schematically shown monitoring unit 14, whereby the device according to the invention for monitoring the ramming of ramming posts 1 is formed.
  • the monitoring unit 14 comprises a computer unit 15, as well as an input / output unit 16 assigned thereto, for example in the form of a terminal.
  • the controller 17 of the percussion drive 5 is connected, so that the number of blows that is exerted on the ramming post 1 with the percussion drive 5, detected and evaluated in the computer unit 15.
  • path measuring means 18 for determining the distance covered by the ramming post 1 during the ramming are connected to the computer unit 15.
  • a displacement measuring means 18 may be provided for example on the linear drive 4, a cable pull sensor.
  • a sensor can also be arranged as a displacement measuring means 18 on the percussion drive 5 in the area of the striking piece 8, which detects path measuring markings on the linear drive 4. The measured values of the path measuring means 18 are also read into the computer unit 15 and evaluated there.
  • a force sensor 19 may be provided in the region of the striking piece 8, by means of which forces exerted directly on the ramming post 1 by the striking piece 8 are measured. These measured values are also evaluated in the computer unit 15.
  • the strokes on the ramming posts 1 are targeted via the controller 17 of the percussion drive 5 in the computer unit 15, which are required to drive the ramming post 1 into a desired depth into the ground, the setpoint depth being monitored by the distance measuring means 18 becomes.
  • the force sensor 19 can be dispensed with.
  • the number of strokes required gives a relative measure of the load capacity of the pile 1 in the ground, since the load capacity, that is, the support of the pile 1 in the ground is the higher, the greater the number of strokes required.
  • the determined number of strokes is related to a reference value, which is obtained for a pile post 1 with sufficient bearing capacity. Then, a sufficient load capacity is reported via the input / output unit 16 when the number of strokes is greater than the reference value. Otherwise, an insufficient load capacity is generated as the output value.
  • the aforementioned method can be extended to a spatially resolved bearing capacity determination.
  • it is successively determined during ramming of the pile post 1, which Einrammweg traverses the Rammpfosten 1 at a predetermined number of strokes.
  • the force sensor 19 is advantageously used. In this case, as parameters continuously during the Einrammvorgangs the forces exerted on the ram posts 1 and the consequent Einrammwege the pile 1 are determined. Also in this case, spatially resolved information on the carrying capacity of the pile post 1 are obtained.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Einrammens eines Rammpfostens in einen Boden.
Derartige Rammpfosten dienen allgemein als tragende Elemente für Gegenstände aller Art. Generell wird ein derartiger Rammpfosten mit seinem unteren Ende in einen Boden eingerammt, so dass der untere Teil des Rammpfostens im Boden versenkt und dort lagegesichert fixiert ist. Der obere Teil des Rammpfostens ragt über die Bodenfläche hervor, so dass dort Gegenstände angebracht werden können, die dann vom Rammpfosten getragen werden. Rammpfosten dieser Art können in den unterschiedlichsten Applikationen eingesetzt werden. Prinzipiell sind Applikationen denkbar, bei welchen ein einzelner Rammpfosten vorgesehen ist, der allein einen Gegenstand trägt, wie zum Beispiel ein Plakat oder einen Werbeträger.
Besonders häufig werden Rammpfosten in Applikationen eingesetzt, wo zur Lagerung von Gegenständen mehrere Rammpfosten benötigt werden. Ein Beispiel hierfür sind Tragkonstruktionen für Solarmodule, die insbesondere als Freilandanlagen ausgebildet sind. Bei derartigen Systemen wird eine Reihenanordnung von Rammpfosten benötigt, die in das Erdreich eingerammt werden. An den freiliegenden oberen Enden der Rammpfosten wird dann die Tragkonstruktion, bestehend aus einer Anordnung von einzelnen Trägern, montiert, die dann die Solarmodule trägt.
Ein Problem bei derartigen Systemen ist generell eine stabile, feste Verankerung der Rammpfosten im Boden, insbesondere im Erdreich. Je nach Beschaffenheit des Erdreichs wird ein mehr oder weniger stabiler Halt der Rammpfosten erhalten. Werden beispielsweise Rammpfosten in einem lockeren Erdreich verankert, wird ein nur geringer Halt des Rammpfostens erhalten. Damit aber ergibt sich eine Instabilität der gesamten Tragkonstruktion.
The invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring the ramming of a pile in a ground.
Such Rammpfosten serve generally as load-bearing elements for objects of all kinds. Generally, such a ram post is rammed with its lower end in a floor, so that the lower part of the pile post sunk in the ground and is fixed in position there fixed. The upper part of the piling juts out over the floor surface so that objects can be placed there, which are then carried by the piling. Rammpfosten this kind can be used in a variety of applications. In principle, applications are conceivable in which a single pile post is provided, which alone carries an object, such as a poster or an advertising medium.
Ramming posts are particularly frequently used in applications where several ramming posts are required for the storage of objects. An example of this are supporting structures for solar modules, which are designed in particular as outdoor facilities. Such systems require a series of ram posts that are driven into the ground. At the exposed upper ends of the ram posts then the supporting structure, consisting of an array of individual carriers, mounted, which then carries the solar modules.
A problem with such systems is generally a stable, firm anchoring of the ramming posts in the ground, especially in the ground. Depending on the condition of the soil a more or less stable hold of the ram posts is obtained. If, for example, ramming posts are anchored in a loose soil, only a slight hold of the pile post is obtained. But this results in an instability of the entire support structure.

In der US 2012/020346 A1 ist ein System zur Überwachung einer Installation eines Pfahls in einem Untergrund beschrieben. Das System weist eine Überwachungseinheit auf, mit der in Echtzeit Daten betreffend das Einführen des Pfahls in den Untergrund erfasst und angezeigt werden.In the US 2012/020346 A1 describes a system for monitoring an installation of a pile in a subsurface. The system has a monitoring unit with which real-time data relating to the insertion of the pile into the ground are recorded and displayed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren bereitzustellen, welche eine erhöhte Funktionssicherheit von in einen Boden eingerammten Rammpfosten gewährleisten.The invention has for its object to provide a device and a method which ensure increased reliability of ramming rammed into a floor.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sind die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche vorgesehen. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen und zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.To solve this problem, the features of the independent claims are provided. Advantageous embodiments and expedient developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überwachung des Einrammens eines Rammpfostens in einen Boden. Mittels einer Schlagantriebsvorrichtung wird eine Folge von Schlägen auf den Rammpfosten ausgeübt, durch welchen der Rammpfosten in den Boden eingerammt wird. Mittels einer Überwachungseinheit werden während des Einrammens des Rammpfostens Kenngrößen für die Tragfähigkeit des Rammpfostens im Boden ermittelt.The invention relates to a method for monitoring the ramming of a pile in a ground. By means of a percussion drive device, a series of punches is exerted on the ramming post, through which the ramming post is driven into the ground. By means of a monitoring unit, parameters for the load-bearing capacity of the pile in the ground are determined during the driving in of the pile.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein entsprechendes Verfahren.The invention further relates to a corresponding method.

Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht somit darin, während des Einrammens des Rammpfostens mittels der Schlagantriebsvorrichtung die Tragfähigkeit des Rammpfostens im Boden zu bestimmen, wodurch ein zuverlässiges Maß, wie sicher der Rammpfosten im Boden verankert ist, bereits mit beziehungsweise unmittelbar nach Beenden des Einrammvorgangs vorliegt.The basic idea of the invention is therefore to determine the load-bearing capacity of the pile in the ground during ramming of the pile by means of the impact drive, whereby a reliable measure of how securely the pile is anchored in the ground is already present or immediately after completion of the drilling operation.

Der Begriff Schlagantriebsvorrichtung umfasst insbesondere auch Vorrichtungen mit Vibrationsantrieben, die Schläge mit geringen Energien aber höheren Frequenzen generieren, als Vorrichtungen mit Schlagantrieben, die hammerartige Schläge ausführen.In particular, the term impact drive device also includes devices with vibratory drives that generate low-energy but higher-frequency shocks than devices with impact drivers that perform hammer-like impacts.

Als Maß für die Tragfähigkeit wird mittels der Überwachungseinheit generell erfasst, wie schwer, das heißt mit welchem Widerstand der Rammpfosten in den Boden eingerammt wird. Je schwerer der Rammpfosten eingerammt werden kann, das heißt je größer der Kraftaufwand, der zum Einrammen des Rammpfostens in den Boden erforderlich ist, desto größer ist die Tragfähigkeit des Rammpfosten, das heißt desto stabiler ist der Rammpfosten im Boden verankert.As a measure of the carrying capacity is generally detected by means of the monitoring unit, how heavy, that is, with what resistance the ramming post is driven into the ground. The heavier the ramming post can be rammed, that is, the greater the force required to ram the pile into the ground, the greater the load capacity of the pile, that is, the more stable the ram will be anchored in the ground.

Die mittels der Überwachungseinheit ermittelten Kenngrößen für die Tragfähigkeit des Rammpfostens stehen sofort nach dem Einrammvorgang zur Verfügung und können vom Anwender unmittelbar verwertet werden, insbesondere derart, dass der Rammpfosten nicht mit zu großen Lasten beansprucht wird, welche die Stabilität des Rammpfosten beeinträchtigen würden.The parameters determined by means of the monitoring unit for the load capacity of the pile are immediately after the Einrammvorgang available and can be used directly by the user, in particular such that the pile is not loaded with excessive loads, which would affect the stability of the pile.

Da zur Ermittlung der Tragfähigkeit eines Rammpfostens generell der Widerstand ermittelt wird, der benötigt wird, um den Rammpfosten einzurammen, können dabei Zusatzinformationen zum Beispiel über Hindernisse wie Steine, die das Einrammen des Rammpfostens erschweren oder behindern, gewonnen werden.Since the resistance of a pile post is generally determined to determine the resistance required to drive the pile pile, additional information can be obtained, for example, on obstacles such as stones, which make it difficult or hinder the pile to pile in.

Besonders vorteilhaft können die Ergebnisse der Überwachungseinheit für den Fall verwertet werden, wenn mehrere Rammpfosten für die Herstellung größerer Anlagen benötigt werden. Ein Beispiel für derartige Anlagen sind Tragkonstruktionen für Solarmodule, die insbesondere als Freilandanlagen ausgebildet sind. Dort muss eine Vielzahl von Pfosten in einen Boden eingerammt werden, wobei auf diesen Pfosten dann Träger befestigt werden, die die Solarmodule tragen. Bei derartigen Anlagen kann anhand der Kenngrößen, die mit der Überwachungseinheit ermittelt werden, bestimmt werden, wie stabil die einzelnen Pfosten im Boden gelagert sind. Abhängig davon kann der Anwender vor Ort sofort eine geeignete Pfostenanordnung wählen, die eine ausreichende Stabilität der Tragkonstruktion gewährleistet. So kann der Anwender dann, wenn er feststellt, dass ein Rammpfosten eine hohe Tragfähigkeit aufweist, den folgenden Rammpfosten in einem relativ hohen Abstand setzen. Dagegen kann der Anwender dann, wenn ein Rammpfosten eine geringe Tragfähigkeit aufweist, den nächsten Rammpfosten dicht an diesem platzieren, um so die erforderliche Stabilität des Gesamtsystems zu erhalten.Particularly advantageously, the results of the monitoring unit can be utilized in the event that several ramming posts are required for the production of larger plants. An example of such systems are supporting structures for solar modules, which are designed in particular as outdoor facilities. There, a plurality of posts must be rammed into a floor, on which post then carriers are attached, which carry the solar modules. In such systems can be determined based on the characteristics that are determined with the monitoring unit, how stable the individual posts are stored in the ground. Depending on this, the user can immediately choose a suitable post arrangement on site, which ensures sufficient stability of the supporting structure. Thus, when the user determines that a piling has a high load capacity, the user can put the following ram posts at a relatively high distance. On the other hand, if a pile post has a low load capacity, the user can place the next pile pile close to it, so as to obtain the required stability of the overall system.

Gemäß einer ersten Variante der Erfindung wird als Kenngröße für die Tragfähigkeit die Anzahl von Schlägen ermittelt, die benötigt wird um den Rammpfosten bis in eine vorgegebene Solltiefe in den Boden einzurammen.According to a first variant of the invention, the number of impacts which is required to drive the ramming post into the ground up to a predetermined desired depth is determined as a parameter for the carrying capacity.

Die Gesamtzahl der zum Einrammen des Rammpfostens benötigten Schläge bildet eine integrale Größe als Maß für die Tragfähigkeit des Rammpfostens.The total number of strokes needed to ram the pile forms an integral measure of the load bearing capacity of the pile.

Vorteilhaft werden diese Kenngrößen für die einzelnen Rammpfosten auf eine Referenzgröße bezogen. Diese Referenzgröße definiert vorteilhaft einen Wert für eine ausreichende Tragfähigkeit des Rammpfostens. Dann wird bei Einrammen eines Rammpfostens die aktuell benötigte Zahl von Schlägen mit der Referenzgröße, die ebenfalls von einer Zahl gebildet ist, verglichen. Ist die aktuell ermittelte Zahl von Schlägen größer als die Referenzgröße, ist die Tragfähigkeit des Rammpfostens ausreichend. Ist die aktuell benötigte Anzahl von Schlägen kleiner als die Referenzgrößer, ist die Tragfähigkeit des Rammpfostens mangelhaft.Advantageously, these parameters for the individual ramming posts are related to a reference size. This reference variable advantageously defines a value for a sufficient load capacity of the pile. Then, when ramming a pile, the currently required number of beats is compared with the reference size, which is also a number. If the currently determined number of strokes is greater than the reference size, the load capacity of the pile is sufficient. If the currently required number of strokes is smaller than the reference size, the load capacity of the pile is poor.

Gemäß einer zweiten Variante der Erfindung wird als Kenngröße für die Tragfähigkeit bestimmt, wie weit der Rammpfosten mit einer vorgegebenen Anzahl von Schlägen in den Boden eingerammt wird.According to a second variant of the invention, it is determined as a parameter for the carrying capacity how far the ramming post is driven into the ground with a predetermined number of impacts.

Vorteilhaft wird während des Einrammens des Rammpfostens diese Kenngröße mehrmals ermittelt, so dass über den Einrammweg der Rammpfosten eine ortsaufgelöste Information über die Tragfähigkeit des Rammposten gewonnen wird.Advantageously, this parameter is determined several times during the ramming of the pile, so that over the Einrammweg the ram posts a spatially resolved information about the load capacity of the ram is obtained.

Vorteilhaft werden auch diese Kenngrößen auf Referenzgrößen bezogen, die wie die Kenngrößen ortsabhängig sind.These parameters are also advantageously related to reference variables which, like the characteristics, are location-dependent.

Bei den beiden vorgenannten Varianten wird vorteilhaft die Kraft, die bei dem Einrammen des Rammpfostens auf diesen ausgeübt wird, konstant gehalten, so dass keine Messung der auf den Rammpfosten wirkenden Kräfte, die von der Schlagantriebsvorrichtung ausgeübt werden, erforderlich ist. Vielmehr müssen als Messgrößen lediglich die Anzahl der Schläge, die mit der Schlagantriebsvorrichtung auf den Rammpfosten ausgeübt werden, sowie die von Rammpfosten bei Einrammen in den Boden zurückgelegte Wegstrecke erfasst werden.In the two aforementioned variants, the force which is exerted on the ramming post during ramming thereof is advantageously kept constant, so that no measurement of the forces acting on the ramming post which are exerted by the impact drive device is required. Rather, only the number of strokes that are exerted on the ramming post with the impact drive device and the distance traveled by pile rams when driving into the ground must be recorded as measured variables.

Hierfür weist die Überwachungseinheit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung geeignete Messmittel auf, wobei die Messwerte der Messmittel in eine Rechnereinheit der Überwachungseinheit eingelesen und dort ausgewertet werden.For this purpose, the monitoring unit of the device according to the invention has suitable measuring means, the measured values of the measuring means being read into a computer unit of the monitoring unit and being evaluated there.

Gemäß einer dritten Variante der Erfindung werden als Kenngrößen für die Tragfähigkeit bei den einzelnen Schlägen die auf den Rammpfosten ausgeübte Kraft und die durch die jeweiligen Schläge bewirkte Eindringtiefe des Rammpfostens in den Boden ermittelt.According to a third variant of the invention, the force exerted on the ram and the force caused by the respective impacts penetration depth of the Rammpfostens be determined in the soil as characteristics for the sustainability of the individual strokes.

In diesem Fall brauchen die Kräfte, die mit der Schlagantriebsvorrichtung auf dem Rammpfosten ausgeübt werden, nicht konstant gehalten werden, da diese als Messgrößen direkt erfasst werden, wobei die Überwachungseinheit hierfür vorzugsweise einen Kraftsensor aufweist, dessen Messwerte zusammen mit den Messwerten für die Wegmessung in die Rechnereinheit der Überwachungseinheit eingelesen und dort ausgewertet werden.In this case, the forces that are exerted on the ramming post with the impact drive device need not be kept constant since these are detected directly as measured variables, the monitoring unit preferably having a force sensor whose measured values together with the measured values for the distance measurement in the Computer unit of the monitoring unit read and evaluated there.

Auch bei dieser Variante wird abhängig vom Weg des Rammpfostens bei dessen Einrammen in den Boden ein ortaufgelöstes Tragfähigkeits-Profil erhalten, das mit entsprechenden Referenzgrößen verglichen wird.In this variant as well, depending on the path of the pile when it is driven into the ground, a location-resolved bearing capacity profile is obtained, which is compared with corresponding reference variables.

Generell weist die Überwachungseinheit eine Ausgabeeinheit zur Ausgabe der Kenngrößen auf.In general, the monitoring unit has an output unit for outputting the characteristic quantities.

Anhand der so ausgegebenen Kenngrößen kann ein Anwender den Einrammvorgang eines Rammpfostens bequem kontrollieren.On the basis of the parameters thus output, a user can easily control the ramming operation of a pile.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung weist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung sowie die Schlagantriebsvorrichtung einen mittels eines Linearantriebs verfahrbaren Schlagantrieb auf, welcher ein Schlagstück antreibt, welches Schläge auf die Oberseite des Rammpfostens ausübt.According to an advantageous embodiment, the device according to the invention and the impact drive device on a movable by means of a linear drive percussion drive, which drives a hammer, which exerts blows on the top of the pile.

Mit dem Linearantrieb wird ein kontrollierter Vorschub des Schlagantriebs gewährleistet, so dass der Schlagantrieb kontinuierlich bei Einrammen des Rammpfostens an diesem geführt bleibt, so dass eine Folge von Schlägen mit den Schlagstücken auf den Rammpfosten ausgeübt wird.With the linear drive a controlled feed of the impact drive is ensured, so that the percussion drive is continuously guided at ramming of the pile post at this, so that a series of strokes with the hammer pieces is exerted on the pile posts.

Vorteilhaft weist dabei das Schlagstück eine Aufnahme für den oberen Rand des Rammpfostens auf, so dass stets eine Führung des Schlagstücks vom oberen Rand des Rammpfostens gegeben ist.Advantageously, the hammer has a receptacle for the upper edge of the pile, so that there is always a guide of the hammer from the top of the pile.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert.

Figur 1:
Schematische Darstellung eines in einen Boden eingerammten Rammpfostens.
Figur 2:
Querschnittsdarstellung des Rammpfostens gemäß Figur 1.
Figur 3:
Schematische Darstellung einer Schlagantriebsvorrichtung zum Einrammen eines Rammpfostens.
Figur 4:
Teildarstellung der Schlagantriebsvorrichtung mit einer Führung für ein Schlagstück.
  1. a) in einer Längsschnittdarstellung
  2. b) in einer Seitenwand
Figur 5:
Draufsicht auf die Unterseite des Schlagstücks gemäß Figur 4.
Figur 6:
Teilgeschnittene Seitenansicht des Schlagstücks gemäß Figur 4.
Figur 7:
Blockschaltbild einer der Schlagantriebsvorrichtung gemäß Figur 3 zugeordneten Überwachungseinheit.
The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1:
Schematic representation of a ramming post driven into a ground.
FIG. 2:
Cross-sectional view of the pile post according to FIG. 1 ,
FIG. 3:
Schematic representation of a percussion drive device for ramming a pile.
FIG. 4:
Partial view of the impact drive device with a guide for a hammer.
  1. a) in a longitudinal sectional view
  2. b) in a side wall
FIG. 5:
Top view of the underside of the hammer according to FIG. 4 ,
FIG. 6:
Partially cut side view of the hammer according to FIG. 4 ,
FIG. 7:
Block diagram of the impact drive device according to Figure 3 associated monitoring unit.

Figur 1 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Rammpfostens 1, der in einen Boden, insbesondere in das Erdreich 2, eingerammt ist. Figur 1 zeigt der Einfachheit halber nur einen kleinen Ausschnitt des Erdreichs 2 um den Rammpfosten 1 im Bereich der Erdoberfläche. Allgemein wird der Rammpfosten 1 bis in eine Sollposition in das Erdreich 2 eingerammt, in welcher ein Bereich des Rammpfostens 1 innerhalb des Erdreichs 2 liegt und der restliche Bereich B des Rammpfostens 1 über die Erdoberfläche hervorsteht. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a pile post 1, which is in a soil, in particular in the soil 2, rammed. FIG. 1 shows the sake of simplicity, only a small section of the soil 2 to the ramming post 1 in the region of the earth's surface. In general, the ramming post 1 is driven into a grounded position 2 in which a region of the pile post 1 lies within the soil 2 and the remaining region B of the pile pillar 1 projects beyond the surface of the earth.

Der Rammpfosten 1 besteht im vorliegenden Fall aus einem rechteckigen C-Profil (Figur 2), das aus einem metallischen Werkstoff, insbesondere aus Stahl besteht. Der Querschnitt des C-Profils ist über seine gesamte Länge konstant. Die unteren Kanten des C-Profils weisen eine kleine Querschnittsfläche auf, mit dem der Rammpfosten 1 leicht in das Erdreich 2 eingeführt werden kann. Das C-Profil kann auch einen anderen mehreckigen Querschnitt aufweisen.The Rammpfosten 1 consists in the present case of a rectangular C-profile ( FIG. 2 ), which consists of a metallic material, in particular steel. The cross-section of the C-profile is constant over its entire length. The lower edges of the C-profile have a small cross-sectional area, with which the ramming post 1 can be easily introduced into the soil 2. The C-profile may also have another polygonal cross-section.

Figur 3 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Schlagantriebsvorrichtung 3, mittels derer ein Rammpfosten 1 in einen Boden eingerammt wird. Die Schlagantriebsvorrichtung 3 umfasst einen Linearantrieb 4 in Form eines Masts, an welcher ein Schlagantrieb 5 in vertikaler Richtung verfahrbar gelagert ist. Der Schlagantrieb 5 ist dabei mit Halterungen 6 in einer Längsführung des Linearantriebs 4 gelagert. Zudem ist die Halterung 6 des Schlagantriebs 5 mit Stahlseilen 7 am Linearantrieb 4 gehalten, welche durch den Linearantrieb 4 betätigt werden, um den Schlagantrieb 5 in vertikaler Richtung zu verfahren. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a percussion drive device 3, by means of which a ramming post 1 is driven into a floor. The impact drive device 3 comprises a linear drive 4 in the form of a mast, on which a percussion drive 5 is movably mounted in the vertical direction. The percussion drive 5 is mounted with holders 6 in a longitudinal guide of the linear drive 4. In addition, the holder 6 of the percussion drive 5 is held with steel cables 7 on the linear drive 4, which are actuated by the linear drive 4 in order to move the percussion drive 5 in the vertical direction.

Der Schlagantrieb 5 weist im vorliegenden Fall eine hydraulische Antriebseinheit auf, die ein Schlagstück 8 betätigt, so dass das Schlagstück 8 eine Folge von Schlägen auf die Oberseite des Rammpfostens 1 ausübt und dadurch den Rammpfosten 1 in den Boden einrammt. Das Schlagstück 8 ist dabei an dem oberen Rand des Rammpfostens 1 gelagert.The percussion drive 5 has in the present case a hydraulic drive unit which actuates a hammer 8, so that the hammer 8 exerts a series of blows on the top of the pile 1 and thereby ramming the pile 1 in the ground. The hammer 8 is mounted on the upper edge of the Rammpfostens 1.

Die Figuren 4a, 4b zeigen das Schlagstück 8, das in einer Führung in Längsrichtung verschiebbar gelagert ist. Die Führung umfasst zwei identisch ausgebildete plattenförmige Führungselemente 9, die jeweils eine rechteckige Aussparung 10 aufweisen. In diesen sind Führungssegmente 11 als Bestandteile des Schlagstücks 8 geführt, so dass das Schlagstück 8 nur eine zwangsgeführte Vertikalbewegung ausführen kann. Durch einen auf die Oberseite des Schlagstücks 8 einwirkenden Stößel 12 übt das Schlagstück 8 Schläge in der in Figur 4a dargestellten Pfeilrichtung auf den Rammpfosten 1 aus, wodurch der Rammpfosten 1 in den Boden eingerammt wird.The FIGS. 4a, 4b show the hammer 8, which is slidably mounted in a guide in the longitudinal direction. The guide comprises two identically formed plate-shaped guide elements 9, each having a rectangular recess 10. In these guide segments 11 are performed as components of the hammer 8, so that the hammer 8 can perform only a positively guided vertical movement. By a force acting on the upper side of the striking piece 8 ram 12, the hammer 8 strikes in the in FIG. 4a Arrow direction shown on the ram posts 1, whereby the pile post 1 is rammed into the ground.

Die Figuren 5 und 6 zeigen das Schlagstück 8 in einer Einzeldarstellung. Das Schlagstück 8 ist im Wesentlichen quaderförmig ausgebildet. An der Unterseite des Schlagstücks 8 ist eine eine Tasche bildende Ausnehmung 13 vorgesehen, in welche der obere Rand des Rammpfostens 1 eingeführt wird. Die Kontur der Ausnehmung 13 ist an den Querschnitt des Rammpfostens 1 angepasst, so dass dessen oberer Rand spielarm in der Ausnehmung 13 gelagert ist.The FIGS. 5 and 6 show the hammer 8 in a single representation. The hammer 8 is formed substantially cuboid. At the bottom of the hammer 8 is a pocket forming a recess 13 is provided, in which the upper edge of the pile post 1 is inserted. The contour of the recess 13 is adapted to the cross section of the pile post 1, so that its upper edge is mounted without play in the recess 13.

An gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden des Schlagantriebs 5 stehen die Führungssegmente 11 hervor. Die von den ebenen Seitenwänden hervorstehenden, identisch ausgebildeten Führungssegmente 11 erstrecken sich über die gesamte Höhe des Schlagantriebs 5 und weisen einen konstanten rechteckigen Querschnitt auf.On opposite side walls of the percussion drive 5, the guide segments 11 protrude. The protruding from the flat side walls, identically shaped guide segments 11 extend over the entire height of the percussion drive 5 and have a constant rectangular cross-section.

Der Schlagantriebsvorrichtung 3 ist eine in Figur 7 schematisch dargestellte Überwachungseinheit 14 zugeordnet, wodurch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des Einrammens von Rammpfosten 1 gebildet wird. Die Überwachungseinheit 14 umfasst eine Rechnereinheit 15, sowie eine diesem zugeordnete Ein- /Ausgabeeinheit 16, beispielsweise in Form eines Terminals.The impact drive device 3 is an in FIG. 7 Assigned schematically shown monitoring unit 14, whereby the device according to the invention for monitoring the ramming of ramming posts 1 is formed. The monitoring unit 14 comprises a computer unit 15, as well as an input / output unit 16 assigned thereto, for example in the form of a terminal.

An die Rechnereinheit 15 ist die Steuerung 17 des Schlagantriebs 5 angeschlossen, so dass die Anzahl von Schlägen, die mit dem Schlagantrieb 5 auf den Rammpfosten 1 ausgeübt wird, erfasst und in der Rechnereinheit 15 ausgewertet werden kann.To the computer unit 15, the controller 17 of the percussion drive 5 is connected, so that the number of blows that is exerted on the ramming post 1 with the percussion drive 5, detected and evaluated in the computer unit 15.

Weiterhin sind an die Rechnereinheit 15 Wegmessmittel 18 zur Bestimmung des vom Rammpfosten 1 während des Einrammens zurückgelegten Wegs angeschlossen. Als Wegmessmittel 18 kann beispielsweise am Linearantrieb 4 ein Seilzugsensor vorgesehen sein. Prinzipiell kann auch als Wegmessmittel 18 am Schlagantrieb 5 im Bereich des Schlagstücks 8 ein Sensor angeordnet sein, der Wegmessmarkierungen am Linearantrieb 4 erfasst. Auch die Messwerte des Wegmessmittels 18 werden in die Rechnereinheit 15 eingelesen und dort ausgewertet.Furthermore, path measuring means 18 for determining the distance covered by the ramming post 1 during the ramming are connected to the computer unit 15. As a displacement measuring means 18 may be provided for example on the linear drive 4, a cable pull sensor. In principle, a sensor can also be arranged as a displacement measuring means 18 on the percussion drive 5 in the area of the striking piece 8, which detects path measuring markings on the linear drive 4. The measured values of the path measuring means 18 are also read into the computer unit 15 and evaluated there.

Optional kann im Bereich des Schlagstücks 8 auch ein Kraftsensor 19 vorgesehen sein, mittels dessen unmittelbar vom Schlagstück 8 auf den Rammpfosten 1 ausgeübte Kräfte gemessen werden. Auch diese Messwerte werden in der Rechnereinheit 15 ausgewertet.Optionally, a force sensor 19 may be provided in the region of the striking piece 8, by means of which forces exerted directly on the ramming post 1 by the striking piece 8 are measured. These measured values are also evaluated in the computer unit 15.

Mittels der so ausgebildeten Überwachungseinheit 14 werden während des Einrammens des Rammpfostens 1 Kenngrößen für dessen Tragfähigkeit im Boden ermittelt und noch während des Einrammens oder unmittelbar nach Einrammen des Rammpfostens 1 über die Ein-/ Ausgabeeinheit 16 ausgebeben.By means of the monitoring unit 14 formed in this way, during the driving in of the pile 1, characteristic values for its load-bearing capacity in the soil are determined and dispensed during the ramming or immediately after ramming of the pile 1 via the input / output unit 16.

Gemäß einer ersten einfachen Variante werden über die Steuerung 17 des Schlagantriebs 5 in der Rechnereinheit 15 die Schläge auf den Rammpfosten 1 gezielt, die erforderlich sind, um den Rammpfosten 1 bis in eine Solltiefe in den Boden einzurammen, wobei die Solltiefe mit den Wegmessmitteln 18 überwacht wird. In diesem Fall ist durch konstruktive Maßnahmen sichergestellt, dass die vom Schlagstück 8 auf den Rammpfosten 1 ausgeübten Kräfte konstant sind. Daher kann auf den Kraftsensor 19 verzichtet werden.According to a first simple variant, the strokes on the ramming posts 1 are targeted via the controller 17 of the percussion drive 5 in the computer unit 15, which are required to drive the ramming post 1 into a desired depth into the ground, the setpoint depth being monitored by the distance measuring means 18 becomes. In this case, it is ensured by constructive measures that the forces exerted by the hammer 8 on the ramming posts 1 are constant. Therefore, the force sensor 19 can be dispensed with.

Die Anzahl der benötigten Schläge gibt ein relatives Maß für die Tragfähigkeit des Rammpfostens 1 im Boden, da die Tragfähigkeit, das heißt der Halt des Rammpfostens 1 im Boden ist umso höher, je desto größer die Zahl der benötigten Schläge ist.The number of strokes required gives a relative measure of the load capacity of the pile 1 in the ground, since the load capacity, that is, the support of the pile 1 in the ground is the higher, the greater the number of strokes required.

Vorteilhaft wird die ermittelte Zahl der Schläge auf einen Referenzwert bezogen, der für einen Rammpfosten 1 mit noch hinreichender Tragfähigkeit erhalten wird. Dann wird über die Ein- /Ausgabeeinheit 16 eine ausreichende Tragfähigkeit gemeldet, wenn die Anzahl der Schläge größer als der Referenzwert ist. Ansonsten wird eine unzureichende Tragfähigkeit als Ausgabewert generiert.Advantageously, the determined number of strokes is related to a reference value, which is obtained for a pile post 1 with sufficient bearing capacity. Then, a sufficient load capacity is reported via the input / output unit 16 when the number of strokes is greater than the reference value. Otherwise, an insufficient load capacity is generated as the output value.

Generell kann die vorgenannte Methode auf eine ortsaufgelöste Tragfähigkeits-Bestimmung erweitert werden. In diesem Fall wird sukzessive während des Einrammens des Rammpfostens 1 ermittelt, welchen Einrammweg der Rammpfosten 1 bei einer vorgegebenen Anzahl von Schlägen zurücklegt.In general, the aforementioned method can be extended to a spatially resolved bearing capacity determination. In this case, it is successively determined during ramming of the pile post 1, which Einrammweg traverses the Rammpfosten 1 at a predetermined number of strokes.

Für den Fall, dass die mittels des Schlagstücks 8 auf den Rammpfosten 1 ausgeübten Kräfte nicht konstant sind, wird vorteilhaft der Kraftsensor 19 eingesetzt. In diesem Fall werden als Kenngrößen fortlaufend während des Einrammvorgangs die auf den Rammpfosten 1 ausgeübten Kräfte und die dadurch bedingten Einrammwege des Rammpfostens 1 bestimmt. Auch in diesem Fall werden ortsaufgelöste Informationen über die Tragfähigkeit des Rammpfostens 1 erhalten.In the event that the forces exerted on the ramming post 1 by means of the hammer 8 are not constant, the force sensor 19 is advantageously used. In this case, as parameters continuously during the Einrammvorgangs the forces exerted on the ram posts 1 and the consequent Einrammwege the pile 1 are determined. Also in this case, spatially resolved information on the carrying capacity of the pile post 1 are obtained.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
(1)(1)
Rammpfostensupport posts
(2)(2)
Erdreichsoil
(3)(3)
SchlagantriebsvorrichtungPercussion drive device
(4)(4)
Linearantrieblinear actuator
(5)(5)
Schlagantriebpercussion drive
(6)(6)
Halterungbracket
(7)(7)
Stahlseilsteel cable
(8)(8th)
Schlagstückfiring pin
(9)(9)
Führungselementguide element
(10)(10)
Aussparungrecess
(11)(11)
Führungssegmentguide segment
(12)(12)
Stößeltappet
(13)(13)
Ausnehmungrecess
(14)(14)
Überwachungseinheitmonitoring unit
(15)(15)
Rechnereinheitcomputer unit
(16)(16)
Ein-/AusgabeeinheitInput / output unit
(17)(17)
Steuerungcontrol
(18)(18)
Wegmessmitteldisplacement measurement
(19)(19)
Kraftsensorforce sensor

Claims (14)

  1. Method for monitoring the driving of a ram post (1) into the ground, characterised in that a sequence of blows by which the ram post (1) is driven into the ground is exerted on the ram post (1) by means of an impact drive device (3) and that characteristic magnitudes for the load-bearing capability of the ram post (1) in the ground are determined by means of a monitoring unit (14) during driving-in of the ram post (1).

  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the number of blows needed in order to drive the ram post (1) into the ground up to a predetermined desired depth is determined as characteristic magnitude for the load-bearing capability.

  3. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that how far the ram post (1) is driven into the ground by a predetermined number of blows is determined as characteristic magnitude for the load-bearing capability.

  4. Method according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterised in that the force exerted on the ram post (1) with the individual blows is constant.

  5. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the force exerted on the ram post (1) and the penetration depth of the ram post (1) into the ground produced by the respective blows are determined as characteristic magnitude for the load-bearing capability.

  6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the determined characteristic magnitudes are referred to reference values.

  7. Device for monitoring the driving of a ramp post (1) into the ground, characterised in that an impact drive device (3) is provided, by means of which a sequence of blows by which the ram post (1) is driven into the ground is exerted on the ram post (1) and characteristic magnitudes for the load-bearing capability of the ram post (1) in the ground are determined by a monitoring unit (14) during driving in of the ramp post (1).

  8. Device according to claim 7, characterised in that the impact drive device (3) comprises an impact drive (5) which is movable by means of a linear drive (4) and which drives an impact member (8) which exerts blows on the upper side of the ram post (1).

  9. Device according to claim 8, characterised in that the impact drive (5) is formed by a hydraulic drive unit.

  10. Device according to one of claims 8 and 9, characterised in that a sequence of blows with variable impact frequency and constant force is produced by the impact drive (5).

  11. Device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the impact member (8) has a receptacle for the upper edge of the ram post (1).

  12. Device according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterised in that the monitoring unit (14) comprises a computer unit (15) and measuring means for travel measurement of the ram post (1), wherein the measurement values of the measuring means are read into the computer unit (15).

  13. Device according to any one of claims 6 to 12, characterised in that the monitoring unit (14) comprises measuring means for determining the number of blows of the impact member (8) and/or a force sensor (19) for determining the forces exerted by the impact member (8) on the ram post (1), the measurement values of the measuring means being read into the computer unit (15).

  14. Device according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterised in that the monitoring unit (14) comprises an output unit for output of the characteristic magnitudes.

EP14720917.5A 2014-04-14 2014-04-14 Method and device for monitoring a ram post being driven into a ground Active EP3132094B1 (en)

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US20170030042A1 (en) 2017-02-02

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