TW201230602A - Battery management module and method - Google Patents

The present invention discloses a battery management module for a rechargeable battery. The battery management module comprises a controller, a load, a charger unit, a discharge MOSFET element, and a switching MOSFET element. The charge unit is capable of providing a charge current to charge the rechargeable battery. The load is capable of receiving a discharge current from the rechargeable battery. The controller connects to the rechargeable battery and detects the operation conditions of the rechargeable battery so as to generate first and second control signals. The discharge MOSFET element disconnects the rechargeable battery from the charger and the load upon receipt of the first control signal. The switching MOSFET element is selectively turned on upon receipt of the second control signal, wherein the second control signal is a DC signal or a pulse signal.

201230602 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種電池管理模組及其方法，其用於管 理一可充電電池單元。 【先前技術】 目前可攜式的電子裝置’例如筆記型電腦、行動電話 、個人行動助理（PDA)和MP3播放器等，一般係藉由電池模 組以作為電能供應來源。該電池系統通常包含一個或多個 可再充電之電池的鋰離子（"Li 一 i〇n")或鎳金屬氫化物 ("NiMH”）電池胞元（ceu)。圖1顯示一習知的電池管理系統 10之方塊示意圖。參照圖i，一電池單元12由兩電池胞元以 串聯方式所組成，且一電池管理單元14耦接至該電池單元 12。該電池管理單元14包含一容量監測單元142和一電池保 護單兀144。該電池管理單元14用以偵測該電池管理系統1〇 内的安全狀況，例如過電壓、電壓不足、過電流、和運作 溫度等狀況。此外，該電池單元12透過電晶體厘⑴Mc和熔 絲19搞接至一負載16 ’藉以提供電流運作該負載i 6。一充 電裝置18透過電晶體md，Mc和溶絲19輕接至該電池單元12 ，藉以對該電池單元12進行充電。 參照圖1 ’該電晶體Mc是一種充電電晶體切換元件， 其藉由該電池管理單元M所控制以允許或不允許充電電流 Icharge流至該電池單元12。該電晶體Md是一種放電電晶體 切換元件，其藉由該電池管理單元14所控制以允許或不允 許來自該電池單元12之放電電流Id〖scharge ^在該電池管理 201230602 系統1〇正吊運作時，電晶體Mc和MD兩者均處於閉合狀態， i電池f理單元丨4監視該電池單元12之電壓。當檢測到 過電[異吊狀況時，該電池管理單元14截止該充電電晶體201230602 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a battery management module and method thereof for managing a rechargeable battery unit. [Prior Art] Currently, portable electronic devices such as notebook computers, mobile phones, personal mobile assistants (PDAs), and MP3 players are generally used as a source of electric energy supply by a battery module. The battery system typically contains one or more rechargeable lithium-ion ("Li-i〇n") or nickel metal hydride ("NiMH" battery cells (ceu). Figure 1 shows a A block diagram of a known battery management system 10. Referring to Figure i, a battery unit 12 is composed of two battery cells in series, and a battery management unit 14 is coupled to the battery unit 12. The battery management unit 14 includes a battery unit The capacity monitoring unit 142 and a battery protection unit 144. The battery management unit 14 is configured to detect security conditions in the battery management system, such as overvoltage, under voltage, overcurrent, and operating temperature. The battery unit 12 is connected to a load 16' through a transistor PCT (1) Mc and a fuse 19 to provide a current to operate the load i 6. A charging device 18 is lightly connected to the battery unit 12 through the transistors md, Mc and the solvent 19. The battery unit 12 is charged. Referring to FIG. 1 'The transistor Mc is a charging transistor switching element controlled by the battery management unit M to allow or disallow the charging current Icharge flow. The battery unit 12. The transistor Md is a discharge transistor switching element controlled by the battery management unit 14 to allow or disallow a discharge current Id from the battery unit 12 [scharge ^ in the battery management 201230602 system When the pylon is operating, both the transistors Mc and MD are in a closed state, and the i battery unit 丨4 monitors the voltage of the battery unit 12. When an overcurrent condition is detected [the different battery condition, the battery management unit 14 Cut off the charging transistor

Mc以防止該電池單元12進一步的充電，直至該過電壓異常 狀況解除為止’樣地，當檢測到電池不足電麼（或過放電 )異常狀況時’該電池管理單元14截止該放電電晶體^以 防止該電池單元12進一步的放電，直至該不足電壓狀況解 除為止。 此外，當該充電電晶體Mc被假設為截止（例如，在過電 壓異常狀況期間）’但是該電池管理單元14仍檢測到充電電 流1(：^11(^時，則該電池管理單元14將發出一具有高邏輯位 準之彳§號VC至一電晶體Ms。該電晶體Ms在該電池管理系統 10正常運作時為截止狀態。然而，當接收到該高邏輯位準 的信號vc後，該電晶體Ms將導通而燒斷該熔絲19，藉以斷 開該充電裝置18和該電池單元12的連接路徑以防止進—步 的過充電。 在習知架構中’該熔絲19的燒斷動作為不可逆的，亦 即該電池單元12和該負載及該充電裝置18在異常信號vc 發出後會永久地斷開。此外’該些電晶體Mc, 的額 定工作電流需大於該熔絲19的燒斷電流，以避免誤動作。 該些充電電晶體Mc和放電電晶體需同時存在以护^制充 電電流〖CHARGE和放電電流IDISCHARGE的流向。因此，胃知_ 構需要較高的元件成本和電路面積。據此，有必要提供__ 種電池管理模組及其方法，以解決上述問題。 201230602 管理 ，其用於一可充電電池單 【發明内容】 本發明揭露一 元中。本發明—實施例之電池管理模組包含一控制器 負載元件、一充電裝置、一放電電晶體元件、一熔絲元件 和-切換電晶體元件。該充電裝置用以提供一充電電流以 對該可充電電池單元進行充電。該負載元件用以接收來自 “可充電電池單的-放電電流。該控制器連接至該可充 • ^池單元’其用則貞測該可充電電池單元的運作狀況以 產生-第-控制信號和-第二控制信號。該放電電晶體元 件用以根據該第-控制信號以斷開該可充電電池單元和該 充電裝置及該負載元件。該溶絲元件耗接於該放電電晶體 元件。該切換電晶體元件用以根據該第二控制信號而選擇 法地導通。該第二控制信號為一直流信號或一脈衝信號。 本發明揭冑一電池管理方法，#用於一可t電電池單 元中。本發明-實施例之電池管理方法包含以下步驟：提 ^ # 一充電電流以對該可充電電池單元進行充電；接收來自 ~可充電電池單元的一放電電流；债測該該可充電電池單 疋的運作狀況以產生-第一控制信號和一第二控制信號； 根據該第-控制信號以控制放電電流；以及根據該第二控 制k號以選擇性地接收該充電電流。 【實施方式】 '本發明在此所探討的方向為一種電池管理模組及其方 法。為了能徹底地瞭解本發明，將在下列的描述中提出詳 盡的步驟及結構。顯然地，本發明的施行並未限定於相關 201230602 藝者所熟習的特殊細節。另-方面，眾所周知的 步驟並未描述於細節中，以避免造成本發明不必要 之限制。本發明的較佳實施例會詳細描述如下，③而除了 這些詳細描述之外，本發明還可以廣泛地施行在其他的實 施例中，且本發明的範圍不受限定，其以之後的專利範圍 為準。Mc prevents the battery unit 12 from being further charged until the overvoltage abnormal condition is removed. When the battery is low (or overdischarged) abnormal condition is detected, the battery management unit 14 turns off the discharge transistor ^ The battery unit 12 is prevented from further discharging until the insufficient voltage condition is released. In addition, when the charging transistor Mc is assumed to be off (eg, during an overvoltage abnormal condition) 'but the battery management unit 14 still detects the charging current 1 (: ^11, then the battery management unit 14 will Sending a VC having a high logic level to a transistor Ms. The transistor Ms is in an off state when the battery management system 10 is operating normally. However, after receiving the signal vc of the high logic level, The transistor Ms will be turned on to blow the fuse 19, thereby disconnecting the connection path of the charging device 18 and the battery unit 12 to prevent overcharging. In the conventional architecture, the fuse 19 is burned. The breaking action is irreversible, that is, the battery unit 12 and the load and the charging device 18 are permanently disconnected after the abnormal signal vc is emitted. Further, the rated operating current of the transistors Mc must be greater than the fuse 19 Burning current to avoid malfunction. The charging transistor Mc and the discharge transistor need to exist at the same time to protect the charging current CHARGE and the discharge current IDISCHARGE. Therefore, the stomach requires a higher component cost and Circuit According to this, it is necessary to provide a battery management module and a method thereof to solve the above problem. 201230602 Management, which is used for a rechargeable battery unit [Invention] The present invention is disclosed in the first embodiment. The present invention - an embodiment The battery management module comprises a controller load component, a charging device, a discharge transistor component, a fuse component and a switching transistor component. The charging device is configured to provide a charging current to perform the rechargeable battery cell. Charging. The load element is configured to receive a -discharge current from a "rechargeable battery cell. The controller is coupled to the rechargeable battery unit" for use in detecting the operational condition of the rechargeable battery unit to generate a -first control a signal and a second control signal, wherein the discharge transistor element is configured to disconnect the rechargeable battery unit and the charging device and the load component according to the first control signal. The wire component is consumed by the discharge transistor component The switching transistor component is configured to be selectively turned on according to the second control signal. The second control signal is a DC signal or a pulse signal. The invention discloses a battery management method, which is used in a battery unit. The battery management method of the present invention-embodiment includes the following steps: charging a charging current to charge the rechargeable battery unit; receiving from a discharge current of the rechargeable battery unit; measuring the operating condition of the rechargeable battery unit to generate a first control signal and a second control signal; controlling the discharge current according to the first control signal; The second control k is for selectively receiving the charging current. [Embodiment] The present invention is directed to a battery management module and method thereof. In order to thoroughly understand the present invention, the following description will be given. Detailed steps and structures are set forth. Obviously, the practice of the present invention is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the art of 201230602. In other instances, well-known steps are not described in detail to avoid unnecessarily limiting the invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in addition to the detailed description, the present invention may be widely practiced in other embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the scope of the following patents. quasi.

圖2顯示本發明一實施例之電池管理系統20的方塊示 意圓。參照圖2,該電池管㈣統2()包含—可充電電池單元 22、一控制器24、-負載元件26、-充電裝置28、電晶體 Md*Ms和—熔絲元件29。該充電裝置28用以提供一充電電 流ICHARGEW對該可充電電池單元22進行充電。該負載元件 26用以接收來自該可充電電池單元22的一放電電流 IdISCHARGE。該控制器24連接至該可充電電池單元22，其用 以偵測該可充電電池單元22的運作狀況以產生控制信號 vCTL1* vCTL2。該電晶體元件皿〇根據該控制信號以斷 開該可充電電池單元22和該充電裝置28及該負載元件26。 該電晶體元件Ms根據該控制信號vCTL2而選擇性地導通，其 中’該控制信號VCTl2可為一直流信號或一脈衝信號。 參照圖2，該電晶體md是一種放電電晶體切換元件， 其藉由該控制器24所控制以允許或不允許來自該可充電電 池單元2 2之放電電流流過。在該電池管理系統2 〇正常運作 時’該電晶體MD處於閉合狀態，而另一切換電晶體ms處於 截止狀態。該控制器24持續監視該可充電電池單元22的運 作狀況。當檢測到異常狀況時，該控制器24將更新控制信 201230602 號VcTLl和VCTL2以改變電晶體MD和]\4S的狀態。 在本發明一實施例中，該可充電電池單元22可能出現 一過充電（over charge)狀態，使得該可充電電池單元22上的 電壓持續上升，如圖3所示《該控制器24會藉由一偵測元件 以偵測諒異常狀況。圖4顯示本發明一實施例之該控制器24 的方塊示意圖。參照圖4，該控制器24包含一偵測元件242 、比較器244和246以及一脈衝產生電路248。在本實施例中 ，該偵測元件242為一電壓偵測元件，其偵測該可充電電池 單元22間的電壓％和％以產生一電壓Vsi，其中Vsi正比於 電壓VJdV2間的差值。然而，本發明不應以此為限。參照 圖3和圖4，當可充電電池單元22的電壓Vl超過一臨界值 〇乂！時，電壓vsl會大於比較器244的比較電壓ΤΗι，使得該 脈衝產生電路248被致能。當該脈衝產生電路248致能後， 其將輸出一具有脈衝形式的控制信號Vctl2，使得該電晶體 元件Ms週期性地導通。 圖5顯示該電池管理系統2〇在過充電狀態下的一可能 運作方式。參照圖5，該控制信號VcTL2具有一責任週期（Duty cycle)D。在責任週期期間，該電晶體元件Ms導通以吸收充 電電流Icharge。責任週期d可根據該充電裝置28提供的充 電電流值而調整。當充電電流值較大時，貴任週期D也隨之 增大。在本貫施例中，由於電晶體Ms僅在責任週期期間導 通，故電晶體Ms的平均電流將小於最大工作電流IMAX(此處 最大工作電流IMAX取決於該熔絲元件29的燒斷電流）。因此 ，電晶體Ms可選擇具有較小額定電流的元件以降低成本和 201230602 減少體積。 §該電晶體Ms週期性的導通後’若該可充電電池單元 22上的電壓仍持續上升，如圖3所示，則該寸充電電池單元 22可自b因過充電狀態而造成損害。因此，該控制器會發 出一 k號以燒斷該熔絲元件29，藉以隔離該可充電電池單 元22。在運作上，當該電池單元22上的電壓％超過一臨界 值OV2時，比較器246將被啟動以輸出一具有直流形式的控2 shows a block diagram of a battery management system 20 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 2, the battery tube (4) includes a rechargeable battery unit 22, a controller 24, a load member 26, a charging device 28, a transistor Md*Ms, and a fuse element 29. The charging device 28 is configured to provide a charging current ICHARGEW to charge the rechargeable battery unit 22. The load element 26 is configured to receive a discharge current IdISCHARGE from the rechargeable battery unit 22. The controller 24 is coupled to the rechargeable battery unit 22 for detecting the operational condition of the rechargeable battery unit 22 to generate a control signal vCTL1*vCTL2. The transistor component device is responsive to the control signal to disconnect the rechargeable battery unit 22 and the charging device 28 and the load member 26. The transistor element Ms is selectively turned on according to the control signal vCTL2, wherein the control signal VCT12 can be a DC signal or a pulse signal. Referring to Fig. 2, the transistor md is a discharge transistor switching element controlled by the controller 24 to allow or disallow a discharge current from the rechargeable battery unit 22. When the battery management system 2 is in normal operation, the transistor MD is in a closed state and the other switching transistor ms is in an off state. The controller 24 continuously monitors the operational status of the rechargeable battery unit 22. When an abnormal condition is detected, the controller 24 will update control letters 201230602 VcTL1 and VCTL2 to change the states of the transistors MD and ]\4S. In an embodiment of the present invention, the rechargeable battery unit 22 may have an overcharge condition, so that the voltage on the rechargeable battery unit 22 continues to rise, as shown in FIG. A detection component is used to detect an abnormal condition. 4 shows a block diagram of the controller 24 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, the controller 24 includes a detecting component 242, comparators 244 and 246, and a pulse generating circuit 248. In this embodiment, the detecting component 242 is a voltage detecting component that detects the voltage % and % between the rechargeable battery cells 22 to generate a voltage Vsi, where Vsi is proportional to the difference between the voltages VJdV2. However, the invention should not be limited thereto. Referring to Figures 3 and 4, when the voltage V1 of the rechargeable battery unit 22 exceeds a critical value 〇乂! At time, the voltage vs1 will be greater than the comparison voltage 比较 of the comparator 244, causing the pulse generating circuit 248 to be enabled. When the pulse generating circuit 248 is enabled, it will output a control signal Vctl2 having a pulse form such that the transistor element Ms is periodically turned on. Figure 5 shows a possible mode of operation of the battery management system 2 in an overcharged state. Referring to FIG. 5, the control signal VcTL2 has a duty cycle D. During the duty cycle, the transistor element Ms is turned on to absorb the charging current Icharge. The duty cycle d can be adjusted based on the value of the charging current supplied by the charging device 28. When the value of the charging current is large, the duty cycle D also increases. In the present embodiment, since the transistor Ms is turned on only during the duty cycle, the average current of the transistor Ms will be less than the maximum operating current IMAX (where the maximum operating current IMAX depends on the blowing current of the fuse element 29) . Therefore, the transistor Ms can select components with a smaller rated current to reduce the cost and reduce the volume by 201230602. § After the transistor Ms is periodically turned on, if the voltage on the rechargeable battery unit 22 continues to rise, as shown in FIG. 3, the rechargeable battery unit 22 can cause damage due to the overcharged state. Therefore, the controller will issue a k number to blow the fuse element 29, thereby isolating the rechargeable battery unit 22. In operation, when the voltage % on the battery unit 22 exceeds a critical value OV2, the comparator 246 will be activated to output a control having a DC form.

制信號vCTL2。信號VctL2會使該電晶體續地導通以燒 斷該熔絲元件29。當熔絲元件29燒斷後，該可充電電池單 元22和該充電裝置28將呈斷開狀態。在本實施例中，該熔 4、元件29位於電晶體md和ms中間。然而，本發明不應以此 為限。在本發明另一實施例中，該熔絲元件29可位於電晶 體Ms和負載元件26中間。在本發明另一實施例中，該可充 電電池單元22可能出現-過放電(。ver discharge)狀態，使 得該可充電電池單元22上的電麼持續下降。該控制器2恃 藉由一偵測元件以偵測該異常狀況。圖6顯示本發明另一實 &例之該控制器24’的方塊示意圖。參照圖6，該控制器Μ 包3 一偵測7G件252、第一比較器254和第二比較器256。當 該可充電電池單元22的電塵％低於一臨界值uv丨時，電慶 VS蜻1 於比較器244的比較電塵™3,使得該比較器224輸 八η邏輯位準的控制信號。該控制信號Vctl丨會截 止該電晶體MD’以斷開該可充電電池單元22和該負載元件 6 ’使得該可充電電池單元22停止放電。 當該電晶體MD截止後 若該可充電電池單元22上的電 201230602 續下降，表示該電晶體峋可能出現故障狀態，使 充雷雷：！兀22和該負載元件26實質上為短路狀態。當可 池早儿22的電壓Vl持續下降而低於-臨界值uv2時 Vs2會小於第二比較器256的比_TH4，使得該第 -比較器256輸出—具高邏輯位準的控制信號該控 制㈣VCTL2會持續導通該電晶體叫以燒斷該熔絲元件ΜSignal vCTL2. Signal VctL2 causes the transistor to continue to conduct to blow the fuse element 29. When the fuse element 29 is blown, the rechargeable battery unit 22 and the charging device 28 will be in an open state. In this embodiment, the fuse 4, element 29 is located intermediate the transistors md and ms. However, the invention should not be limited thereto. In another embodiment of the invention, the fuse element 29 can be located intermediate the electromorph Ms and the load element 26. In another embodiment of the invention, the rechargeable battery unit 22 may be in a -ver discharge state such that the charge on the rechargeable battery unit 22 continues to drop. The controller 2 detects the abnormal condition by using a detecting component. Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing the controller 24' of another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 6, the controller package 3 detects a 7G device 252, a first comparator 254 and a second comparator 256. When the electric dust % of the rechargeable battery unit 22 is lower than a critical value uv ,, the comparator 244 compares the electric dust TM3 of the comparator 244, so that the comparator 224 inputs the control signal of the η logic level. . The control signal Vct1丨 intercepts the transistor MD' to turn off the rechargeable battery unit 22 and the load element 6' such that the rechargeable battery unit 22 stops discharging. When the transistor MD is turned off, if the electricity 201230602 on the rechargeable battery unit 22 continues to drop, it indicates that the transistor may be in a fault state, so that the charge is thunder:! The crucible 22 and the load element 26 are substantially in a shorted state. When the voltage V1 of the pool early 22 continues to fall below the -threshold value uv2, Vs2 will be smaller than the ratio _TH4 of the second comparator 256, so that the first comparator 256 outputs a control signal with a high logic level. Control (4) VCTL2 will continue to conduct the transistor to blow the fuse elementΜ

。當炫絲元件29燒斷後，該可充電電池單元22和該負載元 件26將呈斷開狀態，以進—步終止放電。 在本發明又一實施例中，該可充電電池單元22可能出 現一過電流的異常狀態。例如，豸負載元件26可能發生短 路，而向電池單元22没取一大電流。此時，該控制器將偵 測，該異常狀況，並輸出-具有直流形式的控制信號乂㈤ 。信號VCTL2會使該電晶體肘5持續地導通以燒斷該熔絲元件 29。在本發明再一實施例中，該可充電電池單元22可能出 現一過溫度的異常狀態。此時，該控制器將藉由一溫度感 現!元件（未緣出）摘測到該異常狀況，並輸出一具有直流形式 的控制信號VCTL2。信號VCTL2會使該電晶體Ms持續地導通 以燒斷該熔絲元件29。 除了藉由持續地導通該電晶體Ms以提供大電流外，該 熔絲元件29亦可藉由週期性地導通該電晶體Ms而燒斷。現 以圖8說明該可充電電池單元22在出現過充電狀態時，該控 制器24…的另一種可能實施態樣。參照圖8，該控制器24,，， 包含一脈衝產生電路250。當該電池單元22上的電壓％超過 —臨界值OV2時，比較器246將被啟動以致能該脈衝產生電 201230602 路⑽，藉以輸出—具有脈衝形式的控制信號vCTL2。該控 制信號VCTL2具有—責任週期D，且D，>D。因此，該電晶體Ms 將週期地導通—較長時間間隔以燒斷該溶絲元件29。當熔 絲元件29燒斷後，該可充電電池單元22和該充電裝置以將 呈斷開狀g。類似地，當該可充電電池單元22出現過放電 、過電流 '或過溫度等異常狀態時，該控制器24, 24,和24" 除了可設計為提供_具有直流形式的控制信號^2以燒. When the string element 29 is blown, the rechargeable battery unit 22 and the load element 26 will be in an open state to further terminate the discharge. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the rechargeable battery unit 22 may exhibit an abnormal state of overcurrent. For example, the load carrying element 26 may be shorted while not taking a large current to the battery unit 22. At this point, the controller will detect the abnormal condition and output - with a control signal in the form of DC (5). The signal VCTL2 causes the transistor elbow 5 to be continuously turned on to blow the fuse element 29. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the rechargeable battery unit 22 may exhibit an abnormal state of over temperature. At this time, the controller will measure the abnormal condition by a temperature sensing component (not coming out), and output a control signal VCTL2 having a DC form. The signal VCTL2 causes the transistor Ms to be continuously turned on to blow the fuse element 29. The fuse element 29 can also be blown by periodically turning on the transistor Ms, except that the transistor Ms is continuously turned on to supply a large current. Another possible implementation of the controller 24 can be described with reference to Figure 8 when the rechargeable battery unit 22 is in an overcharged state. Referring to Figure 8, the controller 24,, includes a pulse generating circuit 250. When the voltage % on the battery cell 22 exceeds - the threshold OV2, the comparator 246 will be activated to enable the pulse to generate the 201230602 path (10), thereby outputting - a control signal vCTL2 in the form of a pulse. The control signal VCTL2 has a duty cycle D, and D, > D. Therefore, the transistor Ms will be periodically turned on - a longer time interval to blow the filament element 29. When the fuse element 29 is blown, the rechargeable battery unit 22 and the charging device will be in a broken shape g. Similarly, when the rechargeable battery unit 22 exhibits an abnormal state such as over-discharge, over-current, or over-temperature, the controllers 24, 24, and 24" can be designed to provide a control signal having a DC form. burn

斷該熔絲元件29外，亦可設計為提供—具有脈衝形式的控 制信號vCTL2以燒斷該熔絲元件.29〇當該控制器2七24(和24" 設計為後者時，由於電晶體Ms僅在#任週期D,期間導通， 故電晶體MS可選擇具有較小額定電流的元件以降低成本和 減少體積。 在本實施例中，該偵測元件252為一電壓偵測元件其 偵測該可充電電池單元22的電壓义和％間之差值以產生該 電壓VS2。然而，本發明不應以此為限。在另一實施例中， 該偵測元件252可藉由偵測圖2中的電阻心上之跨壓而產生 電壓VS2。在又一實施例中，該偵測元件252為一電流鏡 (current mirror)元件，其可產生一正比於放電電流 Jdischarge的輸出電流。該些比較器254和256為一電流比較 器，其用以比較輸出電流和參考電流的大小以產生控制信 说 VcTLl 和 VcTL2。. 此外’該可充電電池單元22可由多個可充電電池胞元 (cell)以串聯或並聯方式所構成。如圖7所示，該可充電電 池單元22由兩個串聯的可充電電池胞元221和222所構成。 201230602 當該兩電池胞元發生不平衡（imbalance)或不匹配時，該兩 電池胞元上的電壓將不相同。當電池胞元221上的電壓差 (Vi-V2)或電池胞元221上的電壓差（V2_v3)大於一設定值時 ，該偵測元件262或264將送出具有直流形式或脈衝形式的 控制信號Vctl2使得該電晶體Ms持續或間歇地導通，藉以燒 斷該熔絲元件29。依此偵測方式，可避免多個電池胞元在 不平衡或不匹配時產生的過充電狀況。 _ 本發明之技術内容及技術特點已揭示如上，然而熟悉 本項技術之人士仍可能基於本發明之教示及揭示而作種種 不背離本發明精神之替換及修飾。因此，本發明之保護範 圍應不限於實施例所揭示者，而應包括各種不背離本發明 之替換及修飾，並為以下之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1顯示一習知的電池管理系統之方塊示意圖； 圖2顯示本發明一實施例之電池管理系統的方塊示意 φ 圖； 圖3顯示一過充電狀態之波形圖； 圖4顯示本發明一實施例之該控制器的方塊示意圖； 圖5顯示該電池管理系統在過充電狀態下的一可能運 作方式； 圖6顯示本發明另一實施例之該控制器的方塊示意圖.； 圖7顯示本發明又一實施例之該控制器的方塊示意圖 ;及 圖8顯示本發明再一實施例之該控制器的方塊示意圖。 12 201230602In addition to the fuse element 29, it may also be designed to provide a control signal vCTL2 in the form of a pulse to blow the fuse element. 29 When the controller 2 is 7 24 (and 24 " designed for the latter, due to the transistor Ms is only turned on during the period of #, cycle D, so that the transistor MS can select a component with a smaller rated current to reduce the cost and reduce the volume. In this embodiment, the detecting component 252 is a voltage detecting component. The difference between the voltage sums of the rechargeable battery cells 22 is measured to generate the voltage VS2. However, the present invention should not be limited thereto. In another embodiment, the detecting component 252 can be detected by The voltage across the resistor core in Figure 2 produces a voltage VS 2. In yet another embodiment, the detection element 252 is a current mirror element that produces an output current proportional to the discharge current Jdischarge. The comparators 254 and 256 are a current comparator for comparing the magnitude of the output current and the reference current to generate control signals VcTL1 and VcTL2. Further, the rechargeable battery unit 22 can be composed of a plurality of rechargeable battery cells. (cell) in series or The battery unit 22 is composed of two serially connected rechargeable battery cells 221 and 222. 201230602 When the two battery cells are unbalanced or mismatched The voltages on the two battery cells will be different. When the voltage difference (Vi-V2) on the battery cell 221 or the voltage difference (V2_v3) on the battery cell 221 is greater than a set value, the detecting component 262 Or 264 will send a control signal Vctl2 having a DC form or a pulse form such that the transistor Ms is continuously or intermittently turned on, thereby blowing the fuse element 29. According to this detection mode, multiple battery cells can be prevented from being unbalanced. The overcharging condition that occurs when there is no match. _ The technical content and technical features of the present invention have been disclosed above, but those skilled in the art may still make various alternatives without departing from the spirit of the present invention based on the teachings and disclosures of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is not limited by the scope of the invention, and is intended to cover various alternatives and modifications without departing from the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional battery management system; FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing an overcharge state; FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the controller in an overcharged state; FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the controller in another embodiment of the present invention; 7 is a block diagram showing the controller of another embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the controller according to still another embodiment of the present invention. 12 201230602

【主要元件符號說明】 10 12 14 142 144 16 18 19 20 22 24, 24', 24", 24 242 244, 246 248 250 252 254 256 26 262, 264 28 29[Major component symbol description] 10 12 14 142 144 16 18 19 20 22 24, 24', 24", 24 242 244, 246 248 250 252 254 256 26 262, 264 28 29

MsMs

Rs 電池管理系統 電池單元 電池管理單元 容量監測單元 電池保護單元 負載 充電裝置 熔絲 電池管理系統 可充電電池單元 控制器 偵測元件 比較器 脈衝產生電路 脈衝產生電路 偵測元件 第一比較器 第二比較器 負載元件 偵測元件 充電裝置 熔絲元件 電晶體 電阻 ί S1 13Rs Battery Management System Battery Unit Battery Management Unit Capacity Monitoring Unit Battery Protection Unit Load Charging Device Fuse Battery Management System Rechargeable Battery Unit Controller Detection Component Comparator Pulse Generation Circuit Pulse Generation Circuit Detection Component First Comparator Second Comparison Load component detection component charging device fuse component transistor resistance ί S1 13