US613946A - Combined level - Google Patents

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Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
  • G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
  • G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
  • G01C9/24—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids in closed containers partially filled with liquid so as to leave a gas bubble
  • G01C9/26—Details
  • G01C9/28—Mountings

Definitions

• the object of this invention is to provide for carpenters, machinists, and others a most convenient leveling tool, which I term a cross-test level, square, and plumb.
• This name suggests the uses and to some extent the construction of my improved tool, which is designed to show at a glance whether a surface apparently horizontal is actually so, both lengthwise and crosswise, and which is also adapted to serve as a try-square and as a plumb to determine vertical surfaces.
• My invention consists in a level-frame in the form of a thickened try-square, having its stock and blade integral and of equal thickness, the stock inclosing one or two levelglasses extending lengthwise and exposed through its side and through its edge and the blade inclosing one such glass exposed through the same side of the tool and arranged longitudinally of the blade at right angles to that or those in the stock or head.
• the two laterally-exposed glasses act simultaneously without moving the tool to show whether or not such surface is in both directions true to the horizon.
• the blade When the tool is used as a plumb, the blade hangs downwardly, the laterally-exposed glasses are dormant, and the edgewise glass in the stock shows whether or not the edges of the blade are vertical.- These glasses are introduced endwise into the members of the tool in which they are located and are adjusted and set therein with plaster-of-paris. Each hole is then plugged by a single blunt screw threaded into the walls of the aperture.
• the openings which expose the glasses are milled through the side and edge of the tool and are preferably of an elongated oval form with beveled margins.
• the glasses in levels are not absolutely cylindrical, but are made on a very slight curve, the highest point when the level is set being uppermost, where the air-space shows when in use. It is for this reason that I prefer to use two glasses in the stock or head. I can use one exposed through the side and edge by making it straight, with itsinternal diameter slightly greater at the middle than at the ends, giving the effect of a slight bend sidewise and edgewise but owing to the difculty in getting reliable glasses of this sort and in adjusting them accurately in two directions l prefer the other construction.
• Figure 1 is a plan of the tool in position for use as a cross-test level.
• Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line 2 2 of Fig. l.
• Fig. 3 is ahorizontal central section.
• Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the tool used as a try-square and plumb.
• Fig. 5 is a cross-section through Ya head having a single glass exposed through the side and edge.
• A represents the Wider member of the tool, constituting the stock or head
• B the longer and narrower member, corresponding to the blade of an ordinary try-square.
• These parts are formed integral, of metal or other suitable material, stand at a right angle to each other, and are of equal thickness. I introduce endwise into these members A and B three leveling-glasses C, D, and E, the glasses C and D beingexposed to view through beveled openings c d, formed through the upper surface of parts A and B in planes at a right angle to each other, and the glass E (parallel to glass D) showing through a like opening e, formed through the outer edge of the part A.
• a packing F serves to hold the glasses in position accurately, and the apertures through which they were inserted are closed by screws G.
• One glass may be substituted for those marked D and E if located, as in Fig. 5, to show through side and edge of the head. In such case the openings d and e will expose the same glass, and the parts A and B may be of equal width.
• a level-frame having the members A and B of equal thickness, rigidly joined at right angles to each other and provided with the lateral openings c d through one side of said frame, one of said openings being formed in each of said members, and the edge opening e, formed in the edge of said frame perpendicular to said side, in combination with levelingglasses inclosed longitudinally in said members and exposed through said openings, substantially as set forth.
• the described level, square and plumb comprising the integral members A and B at right angles to each other, formed with longitudinal perforations and with surface openings thereto, in combination with the leveling-glasses C D and E in said perforations, two of said glasses lying parallel in the head A and the other being perpendicular thereto in the blade B, substantially as set forth.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
• Remote Sensing (AREA)
• Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)

Description

Publications (1)

Family

ID=2682557

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Country Status (1)

Cited By (15)

• 0
  • US US613946D patent/US613946A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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