pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Genetic Diversity of Algal Viruses Which Lyse the Photosynthetic Picoflagellate Micromonas pusilla (Prasinophyceae)

Abstract

The genetic similarity among eight clones of Micromonas pusilla virus (MpV) isolated from five geographic locations was measured by DNA hybridization. Our objective was to explore the existence of genetically distinct populations of MpV by comparing the similarity among MpVs isolated from a single water sample to the similarity among viruses isolated from geographically distant locations. The highest and lowest similarities we observed were 70% (plusmn) 1.1% (mean (plusmn) standard error [SE], n = 3) for virus strains SP1 and SP2 isolated from a California coastal water sample and 13% (plusmn) 1.9% for strains SP2 and PB6; the latter was isolated from New York estuarine water. However, the similarity between MpV isolated from a single water sample was not always greater than the similarity between viruses isolated from different locations. Viruses PB7 and PB8 were isolated from a single New York estuarine sample but were only 16% (plusmn) 0.5% similar, whereas PB7 was quite similar (43% (plusmn) 2.9%) to PL1, a virus from Texas coastal water. Overall, the similarity among MpVs isolated from a single geographic location, 34% (plusmn) 12.6% (mean (plusmn) SE, n = 4), was not significantly different from the similarity among MpVs isolated from geographically distant locations, 26.6% (plusmn) 2.7% (mean (plusmn) SE, n = 24) (P = 0.92, Mann-Whitney U test). Clones of MpV were more similar to each other than they were to the related algal virus PBCV-1, and three groups of MpVs consisting of (i) PL1, SG1, PB6, and PB7, (ii) PB8, and (iii) GM1, SP1, and SP2 were resolved. The genetic variation among MpVs isolated from a single water sample was as large as the variation between viruses isolated from different oceans. If MpVs within a geographic location share genetic characteristics not shared with MpVs from geographically distant locations, this was not reflected in the overall similarity of their genomes.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (247.8 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Fang G., Hammar S., Grumet R. A quick and inexpensive method for removing polysaccharides from plant genomic DNA. Biotechniques. 1992 Jul;13(1):52-4, 56. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Lee S., Fuhrman J. A. DNA hybridization to compare species compositions of natural bacterioplankton assemblages. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Mar;56(3):739–746. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.3.739-746.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Que Q., Li Y., Wang I. N., Lane L. C., Chaney W. G., Van Etten J. L. Protein glycosylation and myristylation in Chlorella virus PBCV-1 and its antigenic variants. Virology. 1994 Sep;203(2):320–327. doi: 10.1006/viro.1994.1490. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Saitou N., Nei M. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol. 1987 Jul;4(4):406–425. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040454. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Strasser P., Zhang Y. P., Rohozinski J., Van Etten J. L. The termini of the chlorella virus PBCV-1 genome are identical 2.2-kbp inverted repeats. Virology. 1991 Feb;180(2):763–769. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90089-t. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Suttle C. A., Chan A. M. Dynamics and Distribution of Cyanophages and Their Effect on Marine Synechococcus spp. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1994 Sep;60(9):3167–3174. doi: 10.1128/aem.60.9.3167-3174.1994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Waterbury J. B., Valois F. W. Resistance to co-occurring phages enables marine synechococcus communities to coexist with cyanophages abundant in seawater. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Oct;59(10):3393–3399. doi: 10.1128/aem.59.10.3393-3399.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]