The Galilean satellites - PubMed

Evidence for a subsurface ocean on Europa.

Carr MH, Belton MJ, Chapman CR, Davies ME, Geissler P, Greenberg R, McEwen AS, Tufts BR, Greeley R, Sullivan R, Head JW, Pappalardo RT, Klaasen KP, Johnson TV, Kaufman J, Senske D, Moore J, Neukum G, Schubert G, Burns JA, Thomas P, Veverka J. Carr MH, et al. Nature. 1998 Jan 22;391(6665):363-5. doi: 10.1038/34857. Nature. 1998. PMID: 9450749

Characterization of the Surfaces and Near-Surface Atmospheres of Ganymede, Europa and Callisto by JUICE.

Tosi F, Roatsch T, Galli A, Hauber E, Lucchetti A, Molyneux P, Stephan K, Achilleos N, Bovolo F, Carter J, Cavalié T, Cimò G, D'Aversa E, Gwinner K, Hartogh P, Huybrighs H, Langevin Y, Lellouch E, Migliorini A, Palumbo P, Piccioni G, Plaut JJ, Postberg F, Poulet F, Retherford K, Rezac L, Roth L, Solomonidou A, Tobie G, Tortora P, Tubiana C, Wagner R, Wirström E, Wurz P, Zambon F, Zannoni M, Barabash S, Bruzzone L, Dougherty M, Gladstone R, Gurvits LI, Hussmann H, Iess L, Wahlund JE, Witasse O, Vallat C, Lorente R. Tosi F, et al. Space Sci Rev. 2024;220(5):59. doi: 10.1007/s11214-024-01089-8. Epub 2024 Aug 8. Space Sci Rev. 2024. PMID: 39132056 Free PMC article. Review.