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Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef cattle presented for slaughter in the U.S.: higher prevalence rates than previously estimated - PubMed

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Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef cattle presented for slaughter in the U.S.: higher prevalence rates than previously estimated

L J Gansheroff et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000.

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Figure 1
Figure 1

Model for transmission of E. coli O157:H7 from cattle to humans. The figure represents data from numerous studies and depicts examples of the major classes of foods and other sources of E. coli O157:H7 infection that have been reported. The contamination of crops and water sources is associated with the use of manure in fertilizer or with potential fecal contamination from nearby cattle. The sources of human infection with E. coli O157:H7 were identified first by epidemiological methods. In some cases, E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from the suspected food or other source; in many of these cases, including outbreaks associated with ground meat, PFGE or phage typing provided additional confirmation that the bacteria isolated from the patient and the suspected food or other source were the same strain. PFGE typing has also been useful in linking geographically separated outbreaks to a common source of contaminated meat. The finding of E. coli O157:H7 in birds, deer, and other animals has led to speculation that these organisms may also be vehicles for O157:H7 transmission. For reviews, see refs. –, , and .

Figure 2
Figure 2

Data for infection and shedding are reviewed in refs. and ; the prevalence value (from fecal samples) is reported by Elder et al. (9) in this issue of PNAS.

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