Review of the innate immune response in acne vulgaris: activation of Toll-like receptor 2 in acne triggers inflammatory cytokine responses - PubMed

Review

Review of the innate immune response in acne vulgaris: activation of Toll-like receptor 2 in acne triggers inflammatory cytokine responses

Jenny Kim. Dermatology. 2005.

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a common disorder that affects 40-50 million people in the USA alone. The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial, including hormonal, microbiological and immunological mechanisms. One of the factors that contributes to the pathogenesis of acne is Propionibacterium acnes; yet, the molecular mechanism by which P. acnes induces inflammation is not known. Recent studies have demonstrated that microbial agents trigger cytokine responses via Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs are pattern recognition receptors that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns conserved among microorganisms and elicit immune responses. We investigated whether TLR2 mediates P. acnes-induced cytokine production in acne. Using transfectant cells we found that TLR2 was sufficient for NF-kappaB activation in response to P. acnes. In addition, peritoneal macrophages from wild-type, TLR6 knockout and TLR1 knockout mice, but not TLR2 knockout mice, produced IL-6 in response to P. acnes.P. acnes induced activation of IL-12 and IL-8 production by primary human monocytes, and this cytokine production was inhibited by anti-TLR2-blocking antibody. Finally, in acne lesions, TLR2 was expressed on the cell surface of macrophages surrounding pilosebaceous follicles. These data suggest that P. acnes triggers inflammatory cytokine responses in acne by activation of TLR2. As such, TLR2 may provide a novel target for the treatment of this common skin disease.

Similar articles

• Activation of toll-like receptor 2 in acne triggers inflammatory cytokine responses.

  Kim J, Ochoa MT, Krutzik SR, Takeuchi O, Uematsu S, Legaspi AJ, Brightbill HD, Holland D, Cunliffe WJ, Akira S, Sieling PA, Godowski PJ, Modlin RL. Kim J, et al. J Immunol. 2002 Aug 1;169(3):1535-41. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.3.1535. J Immunol. 2002. PMID: 12133981 Free PMC article.

• Toll-like receptor 2 mediates inflammatory cytokine induction but not sensitization for liver injury by Propioni- bacterium acnes.

  Romics L Jr, Dolganiuc A, Velayudham A, Kodys K, Mandrekar P, Golenbock D, Kurt-Jones E, Szabo G. Romics L Jr, et al. J Leukoc Biol. 2005 Dec;78(6):1255-64. doi: 10.1189/jlb.0804448. Epub 2005 Oct 4. J Leukoc Biol. 2005. PMID: 16204620

• Increased interferon-gamma, interleukin-12p40 and IL-8 production in Propionibacterium acnes-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patient with acne vulgaris: host response but not bacterial species is the determinant factor of the disease.

  Sugisaki H, Yamanaka K, Kakeda M, Kitagawa H, Tanaka K, Watanabe K, Gabazza EC, Kurokawa I, Mizutani H. Sugisaki H, et al. J Dermatol Sci. 2009 Jul;55(1):47-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2009.02.015. Epub 2009 Apr 17. J Dermatol Sci. 2009. PMID: 19375895

• The role of toll-like receptors in the pathophysiology of acne.

  McInturff JE, Kim J. McInturff JE, et al. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2005 Jun;24(2):73-8. doi: 10.1016/j.sder.2005.03.002. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2005. PMID: 16092794 Review.

• The role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of acne.

  Koreck A, Pivarcsi A, Dobozy A, Kemény L. Koreck A, et al. Dermatology. 2003;206(2):96-105. doi: 10.1159/000068476. Dermatology. 2003. PMID: 12592074 Review.

Cited by

• The Clinical Relevance of the Microbiome in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review.

  Mintoff D, Borg I, Pace NP. Mintoff D, et al. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Sep 25;9(10):1076. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9101076. Vaccines (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34696185 Free PMC article. Review.

• The protective effect of bee venom on fibrosis causing inflammatory diseases.

  Lee WR, Pak SC, Park KK. Lee WR, et al. Toxins (Basel). 2015 Nov 16;7(11):4758-72. doi: 10.3390/toxins7114758. Toxins (Basel). 2015. PMID: 26580653 Free PMC article. Review.

• The critical role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa.

  Shah A, Alhusayen R, Amini-Nik S. Shah A, et al. Inflamm Res. 2017 Nov;66(11):931-945. doi: 10.1007/s00011-017-1074-y. Epub 2017 Jun 27. Inflamm Res. 2017. PMID: 28656364 Review.

• Isotretinoin and FoxO1: A scientific hypothesis.

  Melnik BC. Melnik BC. Dermatoendocrinol. 2011 Jul;3(3):141-65. doi: 10.4161/derm.3.3.15331. Epub 2011 Jul 1. Dermatoendocrinol. 2011. PMID: 22110774 Free PMC article.

• Anti-inflammatory effects of a topical preparation containing nicotinamide, retinol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol in patients with acne: a gene expression study.

  Emanuele E, Bertona M, Altabas K, Altabas V, Alessandrini G. Emanuele E, et al. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2012;5:33-7. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S29537. Epub 2012 Feb 27. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2012. PMID: 22399861 Free PMC article.

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

• Full Text Sources

  • S. Karger AG, Basel, Switzerland

• Other Literature Sources

  • The Lens - Patent Citations Database

• Medical

  • MedlinePlus Health Information

• Research Materials

  • NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program