The AIDS dementia complex: clinical and basic neuroscience with implications for novel molecular therapies - PubMed
Review
The AIDS dementia complex: clinical and basic neuroscience with implications for novel molecular therapies
B A Navia et al. Neurotox Res. 2005 Oct.
Abstract
The AIDS dementia complex (ADC, also referred to as HIV-associated cognitive impairment) is a common disorder among HIV-infected patients associated with both inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. This review describes recent advances in the clinical and basic neurosciences of HIV infection and discusses the multivariable nature of what has become a chronic disorder in the context of highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART). Since its initial description twenty years ago, advances in cell and molecular biology along with those in neuroimaging have furthered our understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. The clinical and neuropsychological profile of ADC is generally consistent with a "frontal-subcortical" pattern of injury. Neuropathogenesis is largely driven by indirect mechanisms mediated by infected, or more commonly, immune activated macrophages, which secrete viral and host-derived factors. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides a robust in vivo method to measure the inflammatory and neurotoxic events triggered by these factors and their associated signals. Although the use of combined or highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) has significantly improved survival rates, cerebral injury and cognitive impairment remain common events. Factors such as aging and chronic infection will likely impact the course of this disease, its pathogenesis, and treatment. The combined observations presented in this review suggest a number of critical areas for future inquiry.
Similar articles
-
Cohen RA, Harezlak J, Schifitto G, Hana G, Clark U, Gongvatana A, Paul R, Taylor M, Thompson P, Alger J, Brown M, Zhong J, Campbell T, Singer E, Daar E, McMahon D, Tso Y, Yiannoutsos CT, Navia B. Cohen RA, et al. J Neurovirol. 2010 Feb;16(1):25-32. doi: 10.3109/13550280903552420. J Neurovirol. 2010. PMID: 20113183 Free PMC article.
-
Neuroprotective strategies for HIV-1 associated dementia.
Dou H, Kingsley JD, Mosley RL, Gelbard HA, Gendelman HE. Dou H, et al. Neurotox Res. 2004;6(7-8):503-21. doi: 10.1007/BF03033447. Neurotox Res. 2004. PMID: 15639783 Review.
-
HIV-associated dementia in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
Xia C, Luo D, Yu X, Jiang S, Liu S. Xia C, et al. Microbes Infect. 2011 May;13(5):419-25. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2011.01.004. Epub 2011 Jan 22. Microbes Infect. 2011. PMID: 21262373 Review.
-
Tate DF, Sampat M, Harezlak J, Fiecas M, Hogan J, Dewey J, McCaffrey D, Branson D, Russell T, Conley J, Taylor M, Schifitto G, Zhong J, Daar ES, Alger J, Brown M, Singer E, Campbell T, McMahon D, Tso Y, Matesan J, Letendre S, Paulose S, Gaugh M, Tripoli C, Yiannoutsos C, Bigler ED, Cohen RA, Guttmann CR, Navia B; HIV Neuroimaging Consortium. Tate DF, et al. J Neurovirol. 2011 Aug;17(4):368-79. doi: 10.1007/s13365-011-0033-6. Epub 2011 May 10. J Neurovirol. 2011. PMID: 21556960 Free PMC article.
-
HAART & the molecular biology of AIDS dementia complex.
Saksena NK, Smit TK. Saksena NK, et al. Indian J Med Res. 2005 Apr;121(4):256-69. Indian J Med Res. 2005. PMID: 15817943 Review.
Cited by
-
Fitting S, Xu R, Bull C, Buch SK, El-Hage N, Nath A, Knapp PE, Hauser KF. Fitting S, et al. Am J Pathol. 2010 Sep;177(3):1397-410. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090945. Epub 2010 Jul 22. Am J Pathol. 2010. PMID: 20651230 Free PMC article.
-
HIV-1 TAT inhibits microglial phagocytosis of Abeta peptide.
Giunta B, Zhou Y, Hou H, Rrapo E, Fernandez F, Tan J. Giunta B, et al. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2008 Jan 1;1(3):260-75. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2008. PMID: 18784813 Free PMC article.
-
Tewari D, Stankiewicz AM, Mocan A, Sah AN, Tzvetkov NT, Huminiecki L, Horbańczuk JO, Atanasov AG. Tewari D, et al. Front Aging Neurosci. 2018 Feb 12;10:3. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00003. eCollection 2018. Front Aging Neurosci. 2018. PMID: 29483867 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Cognitive impairment in hepatitis C patients on antiviral therapy.
Irwin J, Terrault N. Irwin J, et al. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2008 Jan;4(1):65-7. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2008. PMID: 22798739 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
-
Chang SL, Connaghan KP. Chang SL, et al. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2012 Jun;7(2):332-40. doi: 10.1007/s11481-011-9324-1. Epub 2011 Nov 15. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2012. PMID: 22083500 Review.
References
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources