Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: an overview - PubMed

Affiliations

• PMID: 17085726
• DOI: 10.2527/jas.2006-508

Review

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: an overview

C L Gyles. J Anim Sci. 2007 Mar.

Abstract

The objective of this review is to highlight the importance of cattle in human disease due to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and to discuss features of STEC that are important in human disease. Healthy dairy and beef cattle are a major reservoir of a diverse group of STEC that infects humans through contamination of food and water, as well as through direct contact. Infection of humans by STEC may result in combinations of watery diarrhea, bloody diarrhea, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Systems of serotyping, subtyping, and virulence typing of STEC are used to aid in epidemiology, diagnosis, and pathogenesis studies. Severe disease and outbreaks of disease are most commonly due to serotype O157:H7, which, like most other highly pathogenic STEC, colonize the large intestine by means of a characteristic attaching and effacing lesion. This lesion is induced by a bacterial type III secretion system that injects effector proteins into the intestinal epithelial cell, resulting in profound changes in the architecture and metabolism of the host cell and intimate adherence of the bacteria. Severe disease in the form of bloody diarrhea and the hemolytic uremic syndrome is attributable to Shiga toxin (Stx), which exists as 2 major types, Stx1 and Stx2. The stx genes are encoded on temperate bacteriophages in the chromosome of the bacteria, and production and release of the toxin are highly dependent on induction of the phages. Regulation of the genes involved in induction of the attaching and effacing lesion, and production of Stx is complex. In addition to these genes that are clearly implicated in virulence, there are several putative virulence factors. A major public health goal is to prevent STEC-induced disease in humans. Studies aimed at understanding factors that affect carriage and shedding of STEC by cattle and factors that contribute to development of disease in humans are considered to be important in achieving this objective.

Similar articles

• Serotypes, virulence genes, and intimin types of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) isolated from calves in São Paulo, Brazil.

  Aidar-Ugrinovich L, Blanco J, Blanco M, Blanco JE, Leomil L, Dahbi G, Mora A, Onuma DL, Silveira WD, Pestana de Castro AF. Aidar-Ugrinovich L, et al. Int J Food Microbiol. 2007 Apr 20;115(3):297-306. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.10.046. Epub 2007 Jan 12. Int J Food Microbiol. 2007. PMID: 17292501

• Diversity of virulence profiles of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotypes in food-producing animals in Brazil.

  Oliveira MG, Brito JR, Gomes TA, Guth BE, Vieira MA, Naves ZV, Vaz TM, Irino K. Oliveira MG, et al. Int J Food Microbiol. 2008 Sep 30;127(1-2):139-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.06.023. Epub 2008 Jul 1. Int J Food Microbiol. 2008. PMID: 18678426

• [The epidemiology of hemolytic uremic syndrome in Argentina. Diagnosis of the etiologic agent, reservoirs and routes of transmission].

  Rivas M, Miliwebsky E, Chinen I, Deza N, Leotta GA. Rivas M, et al. Medicina (B Aires). 2006;66 Suppl 3:27-32. Medicina (B Aires). 2006. PMID: 17354474 Spanish.

• Prevalence and pathogenicity of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in beef cattle and their products.

  Hussein HS. Hussein HS. J Anim Sci. 2007 Mar;85(13 Suppl):E63-72. doi: 10.2527/jas.2006-421. Epub 2006 Oct 23. J Anim Sci. 2007. PMID: 17060419 Review.

• Shiga/verocytotoxins and Shiga/verotoxigenic Escherichia coli in animals.

  Mainil J. Mainil J. Vet Res. 1999 Mar-Jun;30(2-3):235-57. Vet Res. 1999. PMID: 10367357 Review.

Cited by

• Escherichia coli O157:H7 bacteriophage Φ241 isolated from an industrial cucumber fermentation at high acidity and salinity.

  Lu Z, Breidt F. Lu Z, et al. Front Microbiol. 2015 Feb 17;6:67. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00067. eCollection 2015. Front Microbiol. 2015. PMID: 25741324 Free PMC article.

• Genotype Cluster Analysis in Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates Producing Different CDT Types.

  Javadi M, Oloomi M, Bouzari S. Javadi M, et al. J Pathog. 2016;2016:9237127. doi: 10.1155/2016/9237127. Epub 2016 Mar 3. J Pathog. 2016. PMID: 27042356 Free PMC article.

• Molecular characterization and phylogeny of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) from imported beef meat in Malaysia.

  Abuelhassan NN, Mutalib SA, Gimba FI, Yusoff WM. Abuelhassan NN, et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Sep;23(17):17553-62. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6954-0. Epub 2016 May 27. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016. PMID: 27234829

• Single domain antibodies against enteric pathogen virulence factors are active as curli fiber fusions on probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917.

  Gelfat I, Aqeel Y, Tremblay JM, Jaskiewicz JJ, Shrestha A, Lee JN, Hu S, Qian X, Magoun L, Sheoran A, Bedenice D, Giem C, Manjula-Basavanna A, Pulsifer AR, Tu HX, Li X, Minus ML, Osburne MS, Tzipori S, Shoemaker CB, Leong JM, Joshi NS. Gelfat I, et al. PLoS Pathog. 2022 Sep 15;18(9):e1010713. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010713. eCollection 2022 Sep. PLoS Pathog. 2022. PMID: 36107831 Free PMC article.

• Rapid and specific detection of escherichia coli serogroups O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145, and O157 in ground beef, beef trim, and produce by loop-mediated isothermal amplification.

  Wang F, Jiang L, Yang Q, Prinyawiwatkul W, Ge B. Wang F, et al. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Apr;78(8):2727-36. doi: 10.1128/AEM.07975-11. Epub 2012 Feb 10. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012. PMID: 22327594 Free PMC article.

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

• Full Text Sources

  • Silverchair Information Systems

• Other Literature Sources

  • The Lens - Patent Citations Database

• Medical

  • MedlinePlus Health Information