Anthrax toxin: receptor binding, internalization, pore formation, and translocation - PubMed
Review
Anthrax toxin: receptor binding, internalization, pore formation, and translocation
John A T Young et al. Annu Rev Biochem. 2007.
Abstract
Anthrax toxin consists of three nontoxic proteins that self-assemble at the surface of receptor-bearing mammalian cells or in solution, yielding a series of toxic complexes. Two of the proteins, called Lethal Factor (LF) and Edema Factor (EF), are enzymes that act on cytosolic substrates. The third, termed Protective Antigen (PA), is a multifunctional protein that binds to receptors, orchestrates the assembly and internalization of the complexes, and delivers them to the endosome. There, the PA moiety forms a pore in the endosomal membrane and promotes translocation of LF and EF to the cytosol. Recent advances in understanding the entry process include insights into how PA recognizes its two known receptors and its ligands, LF and EF; how the PA:receptor interaction influences the pH-dependence of pore formation; and how the pore functions in promoting translocation of LF and EF across the endosomal membrane.
Similar articles
-
Crystal structure of a complex between anthrax toxin and its host cell receptor.
Santelli E, Bankston LA, Leppla SH, Liddington RC. Santelli E, et al. Nature. 2004 Aug 19;430(7002):905-8. doi: 10.1038/nature02763. Epub 2004 Jul 4. Nature. 2004. PMID: 15243628
-
Receptor palmitoylation and ubiquitination regulate anthrax toxin endocytosis.
Abrami L, Leppla SH, van der Goot FG. Abrami L, et al. J Cell Biol. 2006 Jan 16;172(2):309-20. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200507067. Epub 2006 Jan 9. J Cell Biol. 2006. PMID: 16401723 Free PMC article.
-
Membrane translocation by anthrax toxin.
Collier RJ. Collier RJ. Mol Aspects Med. 2009 Dec;30(6):413-22. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2009.06.003. Epub 2009 Jun 27. Mol Aspects Med. 2009. PMID: 19563824 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Kintzer AF, Sterling HJ, Tang II, Williams ER, Krantz BA. Kintzer AF, et al. PLoS One. 2010 Nov 8;5(11):e13888. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013888. PLoS One. 2010. PMID: 21079738 Free PMC article.
-
Collier RJ, Young JA. Collier RJ, et al. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2003;19:45-70. doi: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.19.111301.140655. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2003. PMID: 14570563 Review.
Cited by
-
Iqbal J, Rajani M, Siddiqui R, Khan NA. Iqbal J, et al. J Negat Results Biomed. 2013 May 1;12:8. doi: 10.1186/1477-5751-12-8. J Negat Results Biomed. 2013. PMID: 23634997 Free PMC article.
-
Beltless translocation domain of botulinum neurotoxin A embodies a minimum ion-conductive channel.
Fischer A, Sambashivan S, Brunger AT, Montal M. Fischer A, et al. J Biol Chem. 2012 Jan 13;287(3):1657-61. doi: 10.1074/jbc.C111.319400. Epub 2011 Dec 12. J Biol Chem. 2012. PMID: 22158863 Free PMC article.
-
Lethal factor of anthrax toxin binds monomeric form of protective antigen.
Chvyrkova I, Zhang XC, Terzyan S. Chvyrkova I, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Aug 31;360(3):690-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.06.124. Epub 2007 Jul 3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007. PMID: 17617379 Free PMC article.
-
Alfano RW, Leppla SH, Liu S, Bugge TH, Ortiz JM, Lairmore TC, Duesbery NS, Mitchell IC, Nwariaku F, Frankel AE. Alfano RW, et al. Mol Cancer Ther. 2010 Jan;9(1):190-201. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-0694. Epub 2010 Jan 6. Mol Cancer Ther. 2010. PMID: 20053778 Free PMC article.
-
Role of CypA and Hsp90 in membrane translocation mediated by anthrax protective antigen.
Dmochewitz L, Lillich M, Kaiser E, Jennings LD, Lang AE, Buchner J, Fischer G, Aktories K, Collier RJ, Barth H. Dmochewitz L, et al. Cell Microbiol. 2011 Mar;13(3):359-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2010.01539.x. Epub 2010 Nov 3. Cell Microbiol. 2011. PMID: 20946244 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources