Immunoglobulin somatic hypermutation - PubMed

Review

Immunoglobulin somatic hypermutation

Grace Teng et al. Annu Rev Genet. 2007.

Abstract

The immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoire achieves functional diversification through several somatic alterations of the Ig locus. One of these processes, somatic hypermutation (SHM), deposits point mutations into the variable region of the Ig gene to generate higher-affinity variants. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) converts cytidine to uridine to initiate the hypermutation process. Error-prone versions of DNA repair are believed to then process these lesions into a diverse spectrum of point mutations. We review the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulation of SHM, and also discuss emerging ideas which merit further exploration.

Similar articles

• A novel cytidine deaminase AIDs in the delivery of error-prone polymerases to immunoglobulin genes.

  Diaz M, Storb U. Diaz M, et al. DNA Repair (Amst). 2003 May 13;2(5):623-7. doi: 10.1016/s1568-7864(02)00240-9. DNA Repair (Amst). 2003. PMID: 12713818 Review.

• A role for Mlh3 in somatic hypermutation.

  Li Z, Peled JU, Zhao C, Svetlanov A, Ronai D, Cohen PE, Scharff MD. Li Z, et al. DNA Repair (Amst). 2006 Jun 10;5(6):675-82. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2006.02.003. Epub 2006 Mar 27. DNA Repair (Amst). 2006. PMID: 16564751

• The recruitment of activation induced cytidine deaminase to the immunoglobulin locus by a regulatory element.

  Kim Y, Tian M. Kim Y, et al. Mol Immunol. 2010 May;47(9):1860-5. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2010.02.025. Epub 2010 Mar 23. Mol Immunol. 2010. PMID: 20334924

• Restriction of AID activity and somatic hypermutation by PARP-1.

  Tepper S, Mortusewicz O, Członka E, Bello A, Schmidt A, Jeschke J, Fischbach A, Pfeil I, Petersen-Mahrt SK, Mangerich A, Helleday T, Leonhardt H, Jungnickel B. Tepper S, et al. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019 Aug 22;47(14):7418-7429. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz466. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019. PMID: 31127309 Free PMC article.

• Balancing AID and DNA repair during somatic hypermutation.

  Liu M, Schatz DG. Liu M, et al. Trends Immunol. 2009 Apr;30(4):173-81. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2009.01.007. Epub 2009 Mar 18. Trends Immunol. 2009. PMID: 19303358 Review.

Cited by

• The human antibody sequence space and structural design of the V, J regions, and CDRH3 with Rosetta.

  Schmitz S, Schmitz EA, Crowe JE Jr, Meiler J. Schmitz S, et al. MAbs. 2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2068212. doi: 10.1080/19420862.2022.2068212. MAbs. 2022. PMID: 35544469 Free PMC article.

• Deep sequencing and flow cytometric characterization of expanded effector memory CD8⁺CD57⁺ T cells frequently reveals T-cell receptor Vβ oligoclonality and CDR3 homology in acquired aplastic anemia.

  Giudice V, Feng X, Lin Z, Hu W, Zhang F, Qiao W, Ibanez MDPF, Rios O, Young NS. Giudice V, et al. Haematologica. 2018 May;103(5):759-769. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2017.176701. Epub 2018 Feb 1. Haematologica. 2018. PMID: 29419434 Free PMC article.

• Rapid generation of potent antibodies by autonomous hypermutation in yeast.

  Wellner A, McMahon C, Gilman MSA, Clements JR, Clark S, Nguyen KM, Ho MH, Hu VJ, Shin JE, Feldman J, Hauser BM, Caradonna TM, Wingler LM, Schmidt AG, Marks DS, Abraham J, Kruse AC, Liu CC. Wellner A, et al. Nat Chem Biol. 2021 Oct;17(10):1057-1064. doi: 10.1038/s41589-021-00832-4. Epub 2021 Jun 24. Nat Chem Biol. 2021. PMID: 34168368 Free PMC article.

• Recombinant influenza H7 hemagglutinins induce lower neutralizing antibody titers in mice than do seasonal hemagglutinins.

  Blanchfield K, Kamal RP, Tzeng WP, Music N, Wilson JR, Stevens J, Lipatov AS, Katz JM, York IA. Blanchfield K, et al. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2014 Nov;8(6):628-35. doi: 10.1111/irv.12285. Epub 2014 Sep 12. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2014. PMID: 25213778 Free PMC article.

• Building conventions for unconventional lymphocytes.

  Pasman L, Kasper DL. Pasman L, et al. Immunol Rev. 2017 Sep;279(1):52-62. doi: 10.1111/imr.12576. Immunol Rev. 2017. PMID: 29266291 Free PMC article. Review.

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

• Full Text Sources

  • Ingenta plc

• Other Literature Sources

  • The Lens - Patent Citations Database

• Molecular Biology Databases

  • GlyGen glycoinformatics resource