Historical Background and Overview - PubMed

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• PMID: 20301255
• Bookshelf ID: NBK1931

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Historical Background and Overview

Ajit Varki et al.

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Excerpt

This chapter provides historical background to the field of glycobiology and an overview of this book. General terms found throughout the volume are also considered. The common monosaccharide units of glycoconjugates are mentioned and a uniform symbol nomenclature used for structural depictions throughout the book is presented. The major glycan classes to be discussed in the book are described, and an overview of the general pathways for their biosynthesis is provided. Topological issues relevant to biosynthesis and functions of glycoconjugates are also briefly considered, and the growing role of these molecules in medicine and biotechnology is briefly surveyed.

Sections

• WHAT IS GLYCOBIOLOGY?
• HISTORICAL ORIGINS OF GLYCOBIOLOGY
• MONOSACCHARIDES ARE THE BASIC STRUCTURAL UNITS OF GLYCANS
• GLYCANS CAN CONSTITUTE A MAJOR PORTION OF THE MASS OF A GLYCOCONJUGATE
• MONOSACCHARIDES CAN BE LINKED TOGETHER IN MANY MORE WAYS THAN AMINO ACIDS OR NUCLEOTIDES
• COMMON MONOSACCHARIDE UNITS OF GLYCOCONJUGATES
• MAJOR CLASSES OF GLYCOCONJUGATES AND GLYCANS
• GLYCAN STRUCTURES ARE NOT ENCODED DIRECTLY IN THE GENOME
• SITE-SPECIFIC STRUCTURAL DIVERSITY IN PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION
• CELL BIOLOGY OF GLYCOSYLATION
• TOOLS USED TO STUDY GLYCOSYLATION
• GLYCOMICS
• GLYCOSYLATION DEFECTS IN ORGANISMS AND CULTURED CELLS
• THE BIOLOGICAL ROLES OF GLYCANS ARE DIVERSE
• GLYCOSYLATION CHANGES IN DEVELOPMENT, DIFFERENTIATION, AND MALIGNANCY
• EVOLUTIONARY CONSIDERATIONS IN GLYCOBIOLOGY
• GLYCANS IN MEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
• FURTHER READING

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