Out-of-hospital airway management in the United States - PubMed
Comparative Study
Out-of-hospital airway management in the United States
Henry E Wang et al. Resuscitation. 2011 Apr.
Abstract
Objective: Prior studies describe airway management by single EMS agencies, regions or states. We sought to characterize out-of-hospital airway management interventions, outcomes and complications across the United States.
Methods: Using the 2008 National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) Public-Release Data Set containing data from 16 states, we identified patients receiving advanced airway management, including endotracheal intubation (ETI), alternate airways (Combitube, Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA), King LT, Esophageal-Obturator Airway (EOA)), and cricothyroidotomy (needle and open). We examined airway management success and complications in the full cohort and in key subsets (cardiac arrest, non-arrest medical, non-arrest injury, children <10 and 10-19 years, rapid-sequence intubation (RSI), population setting and US census region). We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics.
Results: Among 4,383,768 EMS activations, there were 10,356 ETI, 2246 alternate airways, and 88 cricothyroidotomies. ETI success rates were: overall 6482/8418 (77.0%; 95% CI: 76.1-77.9%), cardiac arrest 3494/4482 (78.0%), non-arrest medical 616/846 (72.8%), non-arrest injury 417/505 (82.6%), children <10 years 295/397 (74.3%), children 10-19 years 228/289 (78.9%), adult 5829/7552 (77.2%), and rapid-sequence intubation 289/355 (81.4%). ETI success was success was lowest in the South US census region. Alternate airway success was 1564/1794 (87.2%). Major complications included: bleeding 84 (7.0 per 1000 interventions), vomiting 80 (6.7 per 1000) and esophageal intubation 12 (1.0 per 1000).
Conclusions: In this study characterizing out-of-hospital airway management across the United States, we observed low out-of-hospital ETI success rates. These data may guide national efforts to improve the quality of out-of-hospital airway management.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Comment in
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Prehospital intubation in cardiac arrest: the debate continues.
Thomas MJ, Benger J. Thomas MJ, et al. Resuscitation. 2011 Apr;82(4):367-8. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2011.02.001. Resuscitation. 2011. PMID: 21402223 No abstract available.
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