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Regional immune response to immunization with Escherichia coli O157:H7-derived intimin in cattle - PubMed

Regional immune response to immunization with Escherichia coli O157:H7-derived intimin in cattle

Kathryn G Boland et al. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2013 Apr.

Abstract

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an enteric pathogen of animals and humans that can result in deadly sequelae. Cattle are asymptomatic carriers and shedders of the bacteria and serve as an important reservoir of human infection. E. coli O157:H7 colonizes the gastrointestinal tract, most frequently at the rectoanal junction mucosa in cattle. Vaccination is a potentially highly effective means of decreasing cattle colonization and shedding and thereby decreasing human infections. Currently available vaccines are administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly, and immune responses have been evaluated solely by systemic immunoglobulin responses. This study evaluated local and systemic lymphoproliferative responses in addition to immunoglobulin responses following subcutaneous or mucosal (rectal) immunization with E. coli O157:H7 outer membrane protein intimin over three trials. In all three trials, significant local and systemic lymphoproliferative responses (P < 0.05) occurred following immunization in the majority of animals, as well as significant immunoglobulin responses (P < 0.001) in all animals. Surprisingly, local responses in the mesorectal lymph nodes were very similar between the subcutaneous and mucosal immunization groups. Moreover, the responses in mesorectal lymph nodes appeared targeted rather than generalized, as minimal or no significant responses were observed in the associated prescapular lymph nodes of subcutaneously immunized animals. The results indicate that both subcutaneous and mucosal immunizations are effective methods of inducing immune responses against E. coli O157:H7 in cattle.

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Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1

Trial 1 local and systemic lymphoproliferative responses: PBMC or cells from the MRLN were incubated with intimin (medium-gray bars), ovalbumin (dark-gray bars), concanavalin A (white bars), and TCGF (light-gray bars) as positive controls to determine lymphoproliferative responses to proteins. (A) PBMC from week 0, prior to immunization; (B) cells from MRLN at week 9; (C) PBMC from week 9. Asterisks indicate significant responses of cells incubated with antigen compared to cells incubated with medium by a one-tailed Student t test at P values of <0.05 and SI greater than 2.0.

Fig 2
Fig 2

Trial 2 local and systemic lymphoproliferative responses: PBMC or cells from the MRLN were incubated with intimin (medium-gray bars), ovalbumin (dark-gray bars), concanavalin A (white bars), or TCGF (light-gray bars) as positive controls to assess lymphoproliferative responses to proteins. (A) PBMC from week 0, prior to immunization; (B) cells from MRLN at week 9; C) PBMC from week 9. Asterisks indicate significant responses of cells incubated with antigen compared to cells incubated with medium by a one-tailed Student t test at P values of <0.05 and SI greater than 2.0.

Fig 3
Fig 3

Trial 3 local and systemic lymphoproliferative responses: PBMC or cells from the MRLN were incubated with intimin (medium-gray bars), ovalbumin (dark-gray bars), or concanavalin A (white bars) as a positive control. Lymphoproliferative responses were then measured. (A) PBMC from week 0, prior to immunization; (B) cells from MRLN at week 11; (C) PBMC from week 11. Asterisks indicate significant responses of cells incubated with antigen compared to cells incubated with medium by a one-tailed Student t test at P values of <0.05 and SI greater than 2.0.

Fig 4
Fig 4

Trial 3 lymphoproliferative responses in draining and contralateral PLN: cells from the lymph node draining the subcutaneous immunization site (left PLN) and contralateral lymph node (right PLN) were harvested 3 days after final immunization at week 11, incubated with intimin (medium-gray bars), ovalbumin (dark-gray bars), or concanavalin A (white bars) as a positive control to determine lymphoproliferative responses to proteins. (A) Cells from draining PLN; (B) cells from contralateral PLN. Asterisks indicate significant responses of cells incubated with antigen compared to cells incubated with medium by a one-tailed Student t test at P values of <0.05 and SI greater than 2.0.

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