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Modification of chitin with kraft lignin and development of new biosorbents for removal of cadmium(II) and nickel(II) ions - PubMed

  • ️Wed Jan 01 2014

Modification of chitin with kraft lignin and development of new biosorbents for removal of cadmium(II) and nickel(II) ions

Marcin Wysokowski et al. Mar Drugs. 2014.

Abstract

Novel, functional materials based on chitin of marine origin and lignin were prepared. The synthesized materials were subjected to physicochemical, dispersive-morphological and electrokinetic analysis. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method of synthesis of functional chitin/lignin materials. Mechanism of chitin modification by lignin is based on formation of hydrogen bonds between chitin and lignin. Additionally, the chitin/lignin materials were studied from the perspective of waste water treatment. The synthetic method presented in this work shows an attractive and facile route for producing low-cost chitin/lignin biosorbents with high efficiency of nickel and cadmium adsorption (88.0% and 98.4%, respectively). The discovery of this facile method of synthesis of functional chitin/lignin materials will also have a significant impact on the problematic issue of the utilization of chitinous waste from the seafood industry, as well as lignin by-products from the pulp and paper industry.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

SEM images of (a) chitin; (b) kraft lignin; chitin/lignin materials labeled as (c) ChL 1; (d) ChL 4; (e) ChL 7 at different magnifications.

Figure 2
Figure 2

FT-IR analysis of precursors (a) and selected chitin/lignin materials (b).

Figure 3
Figure 3

(a) XPS C 1s spectra for chitin, kraft lignin and ChL 1 samples. The assignment of components C1–C4 is described in the text; (b) XPS N 1s spectra for chitin and ChL 1.

Figure 4
Figure 4

13C CP MAS NMR spectra of chitin, lignin, and ChL 1 material.

Figure 5
Figure 5

TG/DTA analysis of chitin and kraft lignin (a) and three selected chitin/lignin materials (b).

Figure 6
Figure 6

Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms and porous structure parameters for chitin (a); kraft lignin (b); and the chitin/lignin material labeled as ChL 1 (c).

Figure 7
Figure 7

Effect of contact time on (a) nickel(II); (b) cadmium(II) removal by chitin, kraft lignin and chitin/lignin biosorbent; (c) influence of quantity of chitin/lignin material on nickel(II) and cadmium(II) removal efficiency (pH = 7 and temperature 25 °C).

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