The Tourette International Collaborative Genetics (TIC Genetics) study, finding the genes causing Tourette syndrome: objectives and methods - PubMed
Multicenter Study
The Tourette International Collaborative Genetics (TIC Genetics) study, finding the genes causing Tourette syndrome: objectives and methods
Andrea Dietrich et al. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2015 Feb.
Abstract
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent motor and vocal tics, often accompanied by obsessive-compulsive disorder and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. While the evidence for a genetic contribution is strong, its exact nature has yet to be clarified fully. There is now mounting evidence that the genetic risks for TS include both common and rare variants and may involve complex multigenic inheritance or, in rare cases, a single major gene. Based on recent progress in many other common disorders with apparently similar genetic architectures, it is clear that large patient cohorts and open-access repositories will be essential to further advance the field. To that end, the large multicenter Tourette International Collaborative Genetics (TIC Genetics) study was established. The goal of the TIC Genetics study is to undertake a comprehensive gene discovery effort, focusing both on familial genetic variants with large effects within multiply affected pedigrees and on de novo mutations ascertained through the analysis of apparently simplex parent-child trios with non-familial tics. The clinical data and biomaterials (DNA, transformed cell lines, RNA) are part of a sharing repository located within the National Institute for Mental Health Center for Collaborative Genomics Research on Mental Disorders, USA, and will be made available to the broad scientific community. This resource will ultimately facilitate better understanding of the pathophysiology of TS and related disorders and the development of novel therapies. Here, we describe the objectives and methods of the TIC Genetics study as a reference for future studies from our group and to facilitate collaboration between genetics consortia in the field of TS.
Figures

Data collection procedure. YGTSS Yale Global Tic Severity Scale, Y-BOCS Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale, OCD obsessive–compulsive disorder, SNAP-IV Swanson Nolan and Pelham-IV ADHD rating scale, ADHD attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, NIMH National Institute of Mental Health, CPLs cryopreserved lymphocytes, LCLs lymphoblastoid cell lines
Similar articles
-
Life events and Tourette syndrome.
Steinberg T, Shmuel-Baruch S, Horesh N, Apter A. Steinberg T, et al. Compr Psychiatry. 2013 Jul;54(5):467-73. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2012.10.015. Epub 2012 Dec 6. Compr Psychiatry. 2013. PMID: 23219489
-
Pharmacotherapy for tics in adult patients with Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders.
Badenoch J, Cavanna AE. Badenoch J, et al. Neurol Sci. 2020 Jul;41(7):1923-1926. doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04327-3. Epub 2020 Mar 13. Neurol Sci. 2020. PMID: 32170503 Free PMC article.
-
[New impulses for tic research through international collaboration].
Openneer TJ, Abdulkadir M, Forde NJ, Dietrich A, Hoekstra PJ. Openneer TJ, et al. Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2015;57(12):902-6. Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2015. PMID: 26727567 Review. Dutch.
-
Bloch MH, Peterson BS, Scahill L, Otka J, Katsovich L, Zhang H, Leckman JF. Bloch MH, et al. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006 Jan;160(1):65-9. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.160.1.65. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006. PMID: 16389213 Free PMC article.
-
Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders: The Clinical Spectrum Beyond Tics.
Martino D, Ganos C, Pringsheim TM. Martino D, et al. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2017;134:1461-1490. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.006. Epub 2017 Jun 9. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2017. PMID: 28805580 Review.
Cited by
-
Georgitsi M, Willsey AJ, Mathews CA, State M, Scharf JM, Paschou P. Georgitsi M, et al. Front Neurosci. 2016 Aug 3;10:351. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00351. eCollection 2016. Front Neurosci. 2016. PMID: 27536211 Free PMC article.
-
Abdulkadir M, Tischfield JA, King RA, Fernandez TV, Brown LW, Cheon KA, Coffey BJ, de Bruijn SF, Elzerman L, Garcia-Delgar B, Gilbert DL, Grice DE, Hagstrøm J, Hedderly T, Heyman I, Hong HJ, Huyser C, Ibanez-Gomez L, Kim YK, Kim YS, Koh YJ, Kook S, Kuperman S, Lamerz A, Leventhal B, Ludolph AG, Madruga-Garrido M, Maras A, Messchendorp MD, Mir P, Morer A, Münchau A, Murphy TL, Openneer TJ, Plessen KJ, Rath JJ, Roessner V, Fründt O, Shin EY, Sival DA, Song DH, Song J, Stolte AM, Tübing J, van den Ban E, Visscher F, Wanderer S, Woods M, Zinner SH, State MW, Heiman GA, Hoekstra PJ, Dietrich A. Abdulkadir M, et al. J Psychiatr Res. 2016 Nov;82:126-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.07.017. Epub 2016 Jul 22. J Psychiatr Res. 2016. PMID: 27494079 Free PMC article.
-
Whole-exome sequencing identifies genes associated with Tourette's disorder in multiplex families.
Cao X, Zhang Y, Abdulkadir M, Deng L, Fernandez TV, Garcia-Delgar B, Hagstrøm J, Hoekstra PJ, King RA, Koesterich J, Kuperman S, Morer A, Nasello C, Plessen KJ, Thackray JK, Zhou L; Tourette International Collaborative Genetics Study (TIC Genetics); Dietrich A, Tischfield JA, Heiman GA, Xing J. Cao X, et al. Mol Psychiatry. 2021 Nov;26(11):6937-6951. doi: 10.1038/s41380-021-01094-1. Epub 2021 Apr 9. Mol Psychiatry. 2021. PMID: 33837273 Free PMC article.
-
Ryan N, Ormond C, Chang YC, Contreras J, Raventos H, Gill M, Heron E, Mathews CA, Corvin A. Ryan N, et al. Mol Psychiatry. 2022 Dec;27(12):5020-5027. doi: 10.1038/s41380-022-01771-9. Epub 2022 Oct 12. Mol Psychiatry. 2022. PMID: 36224258 Free PMC article.
-
Investigation of gene-environment interactions in relation to tic severity.
Abdulkadir M, Yu D, Osiecki L, King RA, Fernandez TV, Brown LW, Cheon KA, Coffey BJ, Garcia-Delgar B, Gilbert DL, Grice DE, Hagstrøm J, Hedderly T, Heyman I, Hong HJ, Huyser C, Ibanez-Gomez L, Kim YK, Kim YS, Koh YJ, Kook S, Kuperman S, Leventhal B, Madruga-Garrido M, Maras A, Mir P, Morer A, Münchau A, Plessen KJ, Roessner V, Shin EY, Song DH, Song J, Visscher F, Zinner SH, Mathews CA, Scharf JM, Tischfield JA, Heiman GA, Dietrich A, Hoekstra PJ. Abdulkadir M, et al. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2021 Nov;128(11):1757-1765. doi: 10.1007/s00702-021-02396-y. Epub 2021 Aug 13. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2021. PMID: 34389898 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Martino D, Leckman JF (eds) Tourette syndrome. Oxford University Press, Oxford
-
- MMWR Prevalence of diagnosed Tourette syndrome in persons aged 6–17 years—United States. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007;58:581–585. - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
Grants and funding
- R01 MH092292/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01MH092291/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01MH092513/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01 MH092516/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01 MH092513/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01 MH115993/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01MH092520/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01MH092289/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- L40 MH081784/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01 MH092290/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- U24MH068457]/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- U24 MH068457/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01MH092516/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01 MH092293/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01 MH092291/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R25 MH077823/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01 ES021462/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
- R01MH092292/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- K08 MH099424/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01MH092290/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01 MH092520/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01 MH092289/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
- R01MH092293/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical