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Effects of GLP-1 on appetite and weight - PubMed

Review

Effects of GLP-1 on appetite and weight

Meera Shah et al. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2014 Sep.

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a cleavage product of the pre-proglucagon gene which is expressed in the α-cells of the pancreas, the L-cells of the intestine, and neurons located in the caudal brainstem and hypothalamus. GLP-1 is of relevance to appetite and weight maintenance because it has actions on the gastrointestinal tract as well as the direct regulation of appetite. It delays gastric emptying and gut motility in humans. In addition, interventricular injections of GLP-1 inhibit food intake, independent of the presence of food in the stomach or gastric emptying. Peripherally administered GLP-1 also affects the central regulation of feeding. It is therefore the synergistic actions of GLP-1 in the gut and brain, acting on both central and peripheral receptors that seem responsible for the effects of the hormone on satiety.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest Dr. Shah has no relevant disclosures.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1

The role of GLP-1 in modulating appetite. GLP-1 has effects on central and peripheral receptors. Afferent branches of the vagus relay information from chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors in the gastrointestinal tract to the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Circulating hormones could theoretically directly stimulate areas outside the blood brain barrier although the role of this pathway is of uncertain significance in normal physiology (–ve denotes an inhibitory effect, while + ve denotes a permissive/enhancing effect) [72,73,74]

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