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Impacts of Alternative Splicing Events on the Differentiation of Adipocytes - PubMed

  • ️Thu Jan 01 2015

Review

Impacts of Alternative Splicing Events on the Differentiation of Adipocytes

Jung-Chun Lin. Int J Mol Sci. 2015.

Abstract

Alternative splicing was found to be a common phenomenon after the advent of whole transcriptome analyses or next generation sequencing. Over 90% of human genes were demonstrated to undergo at least one alternative splicing event. Alternative splicing is an effective mechanism to spatiotemporally expand protein diversity, which influences the cell fate and tissue development. The first focus of this review is to highlight recent studies, which demonstrated effects of alternative splicing on the differentiation of adipocytes. Moreover, use of evolving high-throughput approaches, such as transcriptome analyses (RNA sequencing), to profile adipogenic transcriptomes, is also addressed.

Keywords: adipogenesis; alternative splicing; splicing factor; transcriptome analysis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Regulation of alternative splicing events by the interplay between trans-splicing factors and cis-regulatory elements within pre-mRNAs. Square 1 represents ESE (exonic splicing enhancer) or ISE (intronic splicing enhancer); square 2 represents ESS (exonic splicing silencer) or ISS (intronic splicing silencer); dotted line is applied to separate the exonic or intronic regulatory elements; blue rectangles represent the conserved exons; yellow rectangles represent the regulated exons; red and green ovals represent different splicing factors.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Schematic diagram represents the underlying mechanism for Sam68, SRSF10 and RBM4a-regulated AS events during adipogenesis. Blue ovals represent Sam68 proteins. Green ovals represent SRSF10 proteins and orange ovals represent RBM4 proteins; Gray and red rectangles represent the binding elements of Sam68, SRSF10 and RBM4; Red arrowhead represents the activation of splice site, whereas black arrowhead represents the repression of splice site.

Figure 3
Figure 3

(A) Schematic diagram represents the human PPARγ gene and alternatively spliced transcripts. The gray rectangles with different sizes represent the 5′ untranslated regions (UTRs), and the backslash rectangles represent the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs). The open rectangles represent the coding exons; (B) Schematic diagram shows the composition of N-termini of murine PGC-1α gene. The gray, backslash and dotted rectangles represent the different 5′ untranslated regions (UTRs), and the open rectangles represent the coding exons.

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