Creating the Black Ghetto: Black Residential Patterns Before and During the Great Migration - PubMed
- ️Thu Jan 01 2015
Creating the Black Ghetto: Black Residential Patterns Before and During the Great Migration
John R Logan et al. Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 2015.
Abstract
Were black ghettos a product of white reaction to the Great Migration in the 1920s and 1930s, or did the ghettoization process have earlier roots? This presentation takes advantage of recently available data on black and white residential patterns in several major Northern cities in the period 1880-1940. Using geographic areas smaller than contemporary census tracts, it traces the growth of black populations in each city and trends in the level of isolation and segregation. In addition it analyzes the determinants of location: which blacks lived in neighborhoods with higher black concentrations, and what does this tell us about the ghettoization process? We find that the development of ghettos in an embryonic form was well underway in 1880, that segregation became intense prior to the Great Migration, and that in this whole period blacks were segregated based on race rather than class or Southern origin.
Keywords: Great Migration; ghettoization; residential segregation.
Figures

Segregation (D), Isolation (P*bb) and Black Population Share, Ward Level Data (weighted average for 10 Northern cities)

Black Proportion in 10 Northern Cities, 1880-1990

Trend in Index of Dissimilarity, 1880-1940

Trend in Isolation (P*bb), 1880-1940

Index of Dissimilarity (D) by Isolation (P*bb) for Ten Cities, 1880-1940
Similar articles
-
Before The Philadelphia Negro: Residential Segregation in a Nineteenth-Century Northern City.
Logan JR, Bellman B. Logan JR, et al. Soc Sci Hist. 2016 Winter;40(4):683-706. doi: 10.1017/ssh.2016.27. Epub 2016 Nov 3. Soc Sci Hist. 2016. PMID: 29056796 Free PMC article.
-
Emergent ghettos: black neighborhoods in New York and Chicago, 1880-1940.
Logan JR, Zhang W, Chunyu MD. Logan JR, et al. AJS. 2015 Jan;120(4):1055-94. doi: 10.1086/680680. AJS. 2015. PMID: 26046225 Free PMC article.
-
Residential segregation in the mid-sixties.
Clemence TG. Clemence TG. Demography. 1967 Jun;4(2):562-8. doi: 10.2307/2060299. Demography. 1967. PMID: 21318670
-
Black and white homebuyer, homeowner, and household segregation in the United States, 1990-2010.
Fischer MJ. Fischer MJ. Soc Sci Res. 2013 Nov;42(6):1726-36. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2013.07.015. Epub 2013 Aug 8. Soc Sci Res. 2013. PMID: 24090863
-
The Racial Residential Segregation of Black Single Adults Living Alone.
Marsh K, Iceland J. Marsh K, et al. City Community. 2010 Sep;9(3):299-319. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6040.2010.01338.x. City Community. 2010. PMID: 25558183 Free PMC article.
Cited by
-
Racial segregation in postbellum Southern cities: The case of Washington, D.C.
Logan JR. Logan JR. Demogr Res. 2017;36:1759-1784. doi: 10.4054/DemRes.2017.36.57. Epub 2017 Jun 7. Demogr Res. 2017. PMID: 29375269 Free PMC article.
-
Logan JR, Martinez M. Logan JR, et al. AJS. 2018 Jan;123(4):1161-1203. doi: 10.1086/694652. AJS. 2018. PMID: 29479108 Free PMC article.
-
Racial inequality in the annual risk of Tuberculosis infection in the United States, 1910-1933.
Zelner JL, Muller C, Feigenbaum JJ. Zelner JL, et al. Epidemiol Infect. 2017 Jul;145(9):1797-1804. doi: 10.1017/S0950268817000802. Epub 2017 Apr 24. Epidemiol Infect. 2017. PMID: 28436340 Free PMC article.
-
Before The Philadelphia Negro: Residential Segregation in a Nineteenth-Century Northern City.
Logan JR, Bellman B. Logan JR, et al. Soc Sci Hist. 2016 Winter;40(4):683-706. doi: 10.1017/ssh.2016.27. Epub 2016 Nov 3. Soc Sci Hist. 2016. PMID: 29056796 Free PMC article.
-
Segregation and Neighborhood Change in Northern Cities: New Historical GIS Data from 1900-1930.
Shertzer A, Walsh RP, Logan JR. Shertzer A, et al. Hist Methods. 2016;49(4):187-197. doi: 10.1080/01615440.2016.1151393. Epub 2016 Sep 26. Hist Methods. 2016. PMID: 28522886 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Alba Richard D., Logan John R. Analyzing locational attainments: constructing individual-level regression models using aggregate data. Sociological Methods and Research. 1992;20:367–397.
-
- Bayer Patrick J., Fang Haming, McMillan Robert. Separate when equal? Racial inequality and residential segregation. [August 25, 2014];Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working Paper No. 100. 2011 Available from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1865965.
-
- Blalock Hubert M., Jr. Economic discrimination and Negro increase. American Sociological Review. 1956;21:584–88.
-
- Breckinridge Sophinisba P. The color line in the housing problem. The Survey. 1913;40:575–576.
-
- Comstock Alzada P. Chicago housing conditions, VI: the problem of the Negro. American Journal of Sociology. 1912;18:241–257.
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources