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Prospective study of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, anti-diabetic drugs and risk of prostate cancer - PubMed

  • ️Sun Jan 01 2017

. 2017 Feb 1;140(3):611-617.

doi: 10.1002/ijc.30480. Epub 2016 Nov 3.

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Prospective study of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, anti-diabetic drugs and risk of prostate cancer

Christel Häggström et al. Int J Cancer. 2017.

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has consistently been associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer; however, if this decrease is related to the use of anti-diabetic drugs is unknown. We prospectively studied men in the comparison cohort in the Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden 3.0, with data on T2DM, use of metformin, sulfonylurea and insulin retrieved from national health care registers and demographic databases. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to compute hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of prostate cancer, adjusted for confounders. The study consisted of 612,846 men, mean age 72 years (standard deviation; SD = 9 years), out of whom 25,882 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer during follow up, mean time of 5 years (SD = 3 years). Men with more than 1 year's duration of T2DM had a decreased risk of prostate cancer compared to men without T2DM (HR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.82-0.88) but among men with T2DM, those on metformin had no decrease (HR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.77-1.19), whereas men on insulin (89%) or sulfonylurea (11%) had a decreased risk (HR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.55-0.98), compared to men with T2DM not on anti-diabetic drugs. Men with less than 1 year's duration of T2DM had no decrease in prostate cancer risk (HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.95-1.31). Our results gave no support to the hypothesis that metformin protects against prostate cancer as recently proposed. However, our data gave some support to an inverse association between T2DM severity and prostate cancer risk.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; cohort study; metformin; prostate cancer; survival analysis.

© 2016 The Authors International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of UICC.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Selection of study population from the comparison cohort in the Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden 3.0a Mean of five imputationsb Men with registered date of anti‐diabetic drug prescription (n = 2) or date of prostate cancer diagnosis (n = 1) after date of death were excluded.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Timeline of recruitment of study population from the comparison cohort in the Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden 3.0. [Color figure can be viewed at

wileyonlinelibrary.com

]

Figure 3
Figure 3

Proportion of men identified with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diagnosis in National Registers.

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