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Taxonomic review of New World Tachyina (Coleoptera, Carabidae): descriptions of new genera, subgenera, and species, with an updated key to the subtribe in the Americas - PubMed

  • ️Fri Jan 01 2016

Review

Taxonomic review of New World Tachyina (Coleoptera, Carabidae): descriptions of new genera, subgenera, and species, with an updated key to the subtribe in the Americas

Olivia F Boyd et al. Zookeys. 2016.

Abstract

The classification of the carabid subtribe Tachyina (Trechitae: Bembidiini) is reviewed in light of newly discovered diversity from Central and South America. Described herein are three new genera (Tachyxystagen. n., Stigmatachysgen. n., Nothoderisgen. n.), two new subgenera of Meotachys (Scolistichussubgen. n., Hylotachyssubgen. n.), and two new subgenera of Elaphropus (Ammotachyssubgen. n., Idiotachyssubgen. n.). Two names previously synonymized under Polyderis (Polyderidius Jeannel, 1962) and Elaphropus (Nototachys Alluaud, 1930) are elevated to generic and subgeneric status, respectively. Eight new species are recognized: Tachyxysta howdenorum (type locality: México: Chiapas: El Aguacero, 680m); Elaphropus marchantarius (type locality: Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Solimões, Ilha de Marchantaria), Elaphropus acutifrons (type locality: Brazil: Pará, Santarém) and Elaphropus occidentalis (type locality: Perú: Loreto, Pithecia, 74°45'W 05°28'S); Stigmatachys uvea (type locality: Perú: Loreto: Campamento San Jacinto, 2°18.75'S, 75°51.77'W, 175-215m); and Meotachys riparius (type locality: Colombia: Amazonas: Leticia, 700 ft), Meotachys ballorum (type locality: Brazil: Amazonas, Rio Negro Cucui), and Meotachys rubrum (type locality: Perú: Madre de Dios: Rio Manu, Pakitza, 11°56°47'S 071°17°00'W, 356m). An updated key to the genera and subgenera of Tachyina occurring in the New World is provided, with accompanying illustrations.

ResumenLa clasificación de la subtribu Tachyina (Carabidae: Trechitae: Bembidiini) se revisa luego de diversidad que ha sido nuevamente descrita del Centro y Sur América. Aquí se describen tres géneros nuevos (Tachyxystagénero nuevo, Stigmatachysgénero nuevo, Nothoderisgénero nuevo), dos subgéneros nuevos del Meotachys (Scolistichussubgénero nuevo, Hylotachyssubgénero nuevo), y dos subgéneros nuevos del Elaphropus (Ammotachyssubgénero nuevo, Idiotachyssubgénero nuevo). Dos nombres taxonómicos previamente sinonimizados con Polyderis (Polyderidius Jeannel, 1962) y Elaphropus (Nototachys Alluaud, 1930) aquí son elevados a los niveles de género y subgénero, respectivamente. Se reconocen ochos espécies nuevos: Tachyxysta howdenorum (localidad tipo: México: Chiapas: El Aguacero, 680m); Elaphropus marchantarius (localidad tipo: Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Solimões, Ilha de Marchantaria), Elaphropus acutifrons (localidad tipo: Brazil: Pará, Santarém) and Elaphropus occidentalis (localidad tipo: Perú: Loreto, Pithecia, 74°45'W 05°28'S); Stigmatachys uvea (localidad tipo: Perú: Loreto: Campamento San Jacinto, 2°18.75'S, 75°51.77'W, 175–215m); and Meotachys riparius (localidad tipo: Colombia: Amazonas: Leticia, 700 ft), Meotachys ballorum (localidad tipo: Brazil: Amazonas, Rio Negro Cucui), and Meotachys rubrum (localidad tipo: Perú: Madre de Dios: Rio Manu, Pakitza, 11°56°47'S 071°17°00'W, 356m). Una clave actualizada con illustraciones de los géneros y subgéneros del Tachyina que ocurren en el Nuevo Mundo está incluída.

Keywords: Amazon basin; Elaphropus; Meotachys; Nothoderis; Nototachys; Polyderidius; Polyderis; Stigmatachys; Tachyxysta.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.

Basic characters for generic and subgeneric level identification of Tachyina. A–B Left elytron, lateral view, illustrating positions of elytral ombilicate setae and form of the 8th elytral interneur (other interneurs omitted) A Paratachys fulvicollis; B Tachys vittiger C–F Elytral apex C Paratachys fulvicollis D Tachys vittiger. Scale bar 0.25 mm E Elaphropus (Ammotachys) marchantarius F Tachyxysta howdenorum G–H Head, ventral view, illustrated to show mentum G Meotachys (Scolistichus) riparius H Elaphropus (Barytachys) nebulosus. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

Figure 2.
Figure 2.

New Tachyina. A Stigmatachys uvea (holotype, ♀), Perú, Loreto, Campamento San Jacinto B Polyderidius sp., México, San Luis Potosí; C Nothoderis rufotestacea, USA, Arizona, Cochise Co. D Meotachys (Hylotachys) ballorum (paratype, ♀), Brazil, Amazonas, Tapurucuara E Elaphropus (Ammotachys) marchantarius (paratype, ♂), Venezuela, San Carlos de Rio Negro F Meotachys (Scolistichus) riparius (paratype, ♀), Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Solimões, Ilha de Marchantaria; G Elaphropus (Idiotachys) acutifrons (holotype, ♀), Brazil, Santarem H Elaphropus (Nototachys) occidentalis (paratype, ♂), Perú, Madre de Dios, Pakitza I Tachyxysta howdenorum (holotype, ♂), México, Chiapas, El Aguacero. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Figure 3.
Figure 3.

Pronotum, dorsal aspect. A Stigmatachys uvea (holotype, ♀), Perú, Loreto, Campamento San Jacinto B Polyderidius sp., México, San Luis Potosí C Nothoderis rufotestacea, USA, Arizona, Cochise Co. D Meotachys (Hylotachys) ballorum (paratype, ♀), Brazil, Amazonas, Tapurucuara E Elaphropus (Ammotachys) marchantarius (paratype, ♂), Venezuela, San Carlos de Rio Negro F Meotachys (Scolistichus) riparius (paratype, ♀), Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Solimões, Ilha de Marchantaria; G Elaphropus (Idiotachys) acutifrons (holotype, ♀), Brazil, Santarem H Elaphropus (Nototachys) occidentalis (paratype, ♂), Perú, Madre de Dios, Pakitza I Tachyxysta howdenorum (holotype, ♂), México, Chiapas, El Aguacero. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

Figure 4.
Figure 4.

Illustrations of left elytron, lateral view, showing variation in the form of the 8th elytral interneur (other interneurs not shown) among newly described taxa. A Stigmatachys uvea (holotype, ♀) B Polyderidius sp. C Nothoderis sp. D Meotachys (Scolistichus) riparius; E Meotachys (Hylotachys) ballorum; F Elaphropus (Ammotachys) marchantarius G Elaphropus (Idiotachys) acutifrons H Elaphropus (Nototachys) occidentalis I Tachyxysta howdenorum. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

Figure 5.
Figure 5.

Elytral apex, left dorsal oblique view. A Stigmatachys uvea (holotype, ♀), Perú, Loreto, Campamento San Jacinto B Polyderidius sp., México: San Luis Potosí C Nothoderis rufotestacea, USA: AZ: Cochise Co. D Meotachys (Hylotachys) ballorum (paratype, ♀), Brazil, Amazonas, Tapurucuara E Elaphropus (Ammotachys) marchantarius (paratype, ♂), Venezuela, San Carlos de Rio Negro F Meotachys (Scolistichus) riparius (paratype, ♀), Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Solimões, Ilha de Marchantaria G Elaphropus (Idiotachys) acutifrons (paratype, ♀), Brazil, Santarem H Elaphropus (Nototachys) occidentalis (paratype, ♂), Perú, Madre de Dios, Pakitza I Tachyxysta howdenorum (holotype, ♂), México, Chiapas, El Aguacero. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

Figure 6.
Figure 6.

Illustrations of aedeagus, left lateral aspect, with parameres (left and right) shown below median lobe. A Meotachys (Hylotachys) ballorum, DRM voucher DNA2854 B Nothoderis sp., DRM voucher DNA2870 C Nothoderis sp., DRM voucher DNA2935 D Polyderis laeva, DRM voucher DNA2913 E Tachyxysta howdenorum, DRM voucher 4881 F Nothoderis rufotestacea, DRM voucher DNA0718. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

Figure 7.
Figure 7.

Mesepisternal pits of new Tachyina. A Elaphropus (Nototachys) occidentalis (paratype, ♂) Perú, Loreto B Meotachys (Hylotachys) ballorum (paratype, ♀), Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Demiti. Scale bars = 0.25 mm.

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