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Endoscopic diagnosis and management of early squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus - PubMed

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Endoscopic diagnosis and management of early squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus

Hon-Chi Yip et al. J Thorac Dis. 2017 Jul.

Abstract

In recent years, diagnosis of early squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus has been increasingly emphasized. Utilization of image enhanced technology such as narrow band imaging (NBI) and magnification endoscopy allowed detailed examination of the esophageal mucosa. Different patterns of intrapapillary capillary loops (IPCL) have been proven to accurately diagnose and predict the depth of invasion of the tumors. In addition, the application of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has enabled safe en bloc resection of esophageal lesions. Promising results of ESD have been published and ESD is now the standard of therapy in early SCC of esophagus.

Keywords: Esophageal neoplasms; endoscopic mucosal resection; narrow band imaging (NBI).

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Normal intrapapillary capillary loops (IPCL); Inoue type 1, JES type A.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Some brownish discoloration but minimum change in microvascular pattern. IPCL Inoue type III, JES type A.

Figure 3
Figure 3

Presence of brownish discoloration with associated dilatation of IPCL. Inoue type IV, JES type B1.

Figure 4
Figure 4

Demonstration of dilatation, meandering, caliber change and non-uniformity of the IPCL. Inoue type V1, JES type B1.

Figure 5
Figure 5

Further destruction of IPCL with elongation of microvessels in vertical plan. Inoue type V2, JES type B1.

Figure 6
Figure 6

Loss of loop like appearance in the advanced IPCL. Inoue type V3, JES type B2.

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